CN101555294A - Method for extracting highland barley Beta-dextran and dietary fiber by combined-enzyme method - Google Patents
Method for extracting highland barley Beta-dextran and dietary fiber by combined-enzyme method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting a Beta-dextran in highland barley bran and preparing a highland barley dietary fiber, belonging to the field of food processing. The method comprises the following steps of: extracting and centrifuging the highland barley bran taken as raw material at an alkaline condition by zymohydrolysis of secondary cellulose, thus obtaining a deposition A and a supernatant; depositing and centrifuging the supernatant under an acidic condition to remove albumen; adding a high-temperature resistant Alpha-amylase into the supernatant under a neutral condition for zymohydrolysis; centrifuging, depositing in water, depositing and re-dissolving the supernatant by water, centrifuging and taking the supernatant; repeatedly depositing the supernatant by a ammonium sulphate and obtaining the Beta-dextran product; adding a composite enzyme in the deposition A for zymohydrolysis; adding a hydrogen peroxide in the deposition A for decoloring; washing the deposition A repeatedly by water; obtaining a solid by centrifuging; and drying the solid at low temperature to obtain the highland barley dietary fiber. The method can sufficiently utilizes the highland barley bran, obtains two products of Beta-dextran and dietary fiber, effectively improves the economical additional value of the highland barley bran and has important realistic significance and wide application prospect for developing high-tech industries.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the extraction of beta-glucan in the highland barley and the preparation method of barley diet fiber, relate to the intensive processing and the comprehensive utilization technique of highland barley byproduct, belong to food processing field.
Background technology:
Highland barley is to be grown in the particularly a kind of important food crop on ground such as Tibet, Qinghai of NORTHWEST CHINA, southwest, and highland barley has characteristics such as high protein, high fiber, homovitamin, lower fat, low sugar, is the good merchantable brand in the cereal crop.And highland barley Beta-dextran content is between 3.66%-8.62%, and mean value is 5.25%, is to record maximum in cereal crop up to now, far above barley, wheat, oat.And big in recent years quantity research think highland barley Beta-dextran not only have reducing blood-fat, decreasing cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease effect but also can blood sugar regulation, improve immunizing power, antitumor and cleaning stomach.Yet at present the processing and utilization major part of highland barley still is traditional method, mainly be used for the brew barley wine, grind zanba, roasted qingke barley flour, highland barley cereals and feed etc.Beta-glucan and food fibre in nutritive ingredient in the highland barley, the especially highland barley bran are not all effectively developed.So highland barley bran is carried out intensive processing and comprehensive development and utilization, can not only increase the added value of highland barley, simultaneously also can promote western expanding economy, thereby improve people's standard of living and health level, and then also help lend some impetus to stable development, national unity, the steady politics of Tibet region.
Summary of the invention:
The deficiency that is not effectively developed at the functional ingredient beta-glucan in the highland barley bran in the existing highland barley processing and food fibre, the invention provides the extraction of beta-glucan in a kind of new highland barley bran and the preparation method of barley diet fiber, obtain functional food ingredients highland barley Beta-dextran and barley diet fiber product, the present invention is achieved in that
The technological process of production that the present invention prepares highland barley Beta-dextran is:
Raw materials pretreatment → enzymolysis → alkali is carried → the heavy albumen → enzymolysis → centrifugal → alcohol precipitation → centrifugal → ammonium sulfate precipitation → centrifugal → lyophilize → packing → finished product that removes of centrifugal → second extraction → secondary centrifuging → merging supernatant liquor → acid;
Concrete production technique is as follows
1, raw materials pretreatment: the method that adopts screen, enzyme processing, extruding puffing to combine is carried out pre-treatment to highland barley bran; Highland barley bran is first to be handled through bran finisher, removes the flour of adhesion in the wheat bran then by screen, pulverizes 40 mesh sieves then; Enzymolysis: pulverize the back wheat bran and pressed material-water ratio 1: 6, transferring pH with dilute hydrochloric acid is 5, add cell walls lytic enzyme (zytase, cellulase or pentosanase, 40u/100mL), 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 1h are centrifugal, adopt extruder to handle wheat bran then, the enzyme that goes out on the one hand further makes wheat bran loosely organized on the one hand, is convenient to follow-up extraction and separates.
2, alkali is carried: transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, 45 ℃ are stirred 1h down, and rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, and supernatant liquor and precipitation are standby.
3, second extraction: precipitation is carried out second extraction, presses material-water ratio 1: 4, adds cellulase (40u/100mL), and 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 1h transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, and 45 ℃ are stirred 1h down, and rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, and supernatant liquor and precipitation are standby.
4, the heavy albumen that removes of acid: merge supernatant liquor twice, transfer pH4.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 2mol/L, leave standstill 30min, rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, and it is standby to get supernatant liquor, abandons protein precipitation class material.
5, enzymolysis: supernatant liquor is transferred pH6.5 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, adds high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei (30u/100mL), and enzymolysis 1h under 90 ℃ of continuous agitation conditions, rotating speed are 3500r/min, and centrifugal 10min abandons precipitation, and supernatant liquor is standby.
6, alcohol precipitation: supernatant liquor adds alcohol (95%) precipitation of 1.5 times of volumes, and 4 ℃ of following standing over night are centrifugal, abandon supernatant, and precipitation adds water again redissolves, and rotating speed is 9000r/min, and centrifugal 45min abandons precipitation, and supernatant liquor is standby.
7, ammonium sulfate precipitation: slowly add the ammonium sulfate (50%w/v) with volume under constantly stirring, precipitation is separated out in supernatant liquor, rotating speed is 9000r/min, and centrifugal 25min abandons supernatant liquor, precipitates standby.
8, lyophilize: the precipitation lyophilize gets the beta-glucan product.
9, packaging final prod.
The technological process of production that the present invention prepares barley diet fiber is:
Raw materials pretreatment → enzymolysis → alkali carries → and centrifugal → second extraction → secondary centrifuging → precipitation → enzymolysis → decolouring → precipitation repetitive scrubbing is centrifugal → oven drying at low temperature → packing → finished product;
The concrete production technique of producing food fibre with the highland barley bran insolubles behind the preparation beta-glucan is as follows:
1, precipitation enzymolysis: the highland barley bran insolubles behind the preparation beta-glucan was pressed material-water ratio 1: 10, and (1: 1,40u/100g), 50 ℃ were constantly stirred enzymolysis 1h down to add cellulase and zytase mixture.
2, decolouring: add (8%) 60 ℃ in hydrogen peroxide and constantly stir decolouring 3h down.Centrifugal, abandon supernatant liquor, precipitate standby.
3, the precipitation repetitive scrubbing is centrifugal: with step gained precipitation in twice washing of 1: 5 moisture.Rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min.Abandon supernatant, solid precipitation is standby.
4, oven drying at low temperature: solid precipitation dry at low temperatures barley diet fiber.
5, packaging final prod.
Provided by the invention is that the method for feedstock production beta-glucan and food fibre can develop highland barley bran fully with the highland barley bran, effectively improve the economic value added of highland barley bran, improve the peasant's of the Northwest income, the developing high-tech industry is had important practical sense and the wide prospect of meeting the tendency.
Embodiment:
Highland barley bran is first to be handled through bran finisher, removes the flour of adhesion in the wheat bran then by screen, pulverizes 40 mesh sieves then.Enzymolysis: pulverize the back wheat bran and pressed material-water ratio 1: 6, transferring pH with dilute hydrochloric acid is 5, add cell walls lytic enzyme (zytase, cellulase or pentosanase, 40u/100mL), 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 1h, centrifugal, adopt extruder to handle wheat bran then, enzyme on the one hand goes out, further make wheat bran loosely organized on the one hand, be convenient to follow-up extraction and separate, pulverized 40 mesh sieves then, take by weighing 30g pulverizing wheat bran sample and put into the reactor that is added with whipping appts, add 300mL water, the cellulase of 120u, 45 ℃ of stirred in water bath 1h, transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate then, 45 ℃ of stirred in water bath 1h; Taking out reaction solution, is centrifugal 10min under the 3500r/min at rotating speed, pours out supernatant liquor, and precipitation is carried out second extraction, adds 120mL water.The cellulase of 48u, 45 ℃ of stirred in water bath 1h transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, 45 ℃ of stirred in water bath 1h; Reaction solution is centrifugal 10min under the 3500r/min at rotating speed, precipitate standby, merge supernatant liquor twice, hydrochloric acid with 2mol/L is transferred pH4.5, leaves standstill 30min, and rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min Deproteinization, transfer pH6.5 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, add the high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei of 120u, 90 ℃ of stirred in water bath 1h; Reaction solution is centrifugal 10min under the 3500r/min at rotating speed, supernatant liquor adds alcohol (95%) precipitation of 1.5 times of volumes, 4 ℃ of following standing over night after the vigorous stirring, precipitation adds water again redissolves, and rotating speed is 9000r/min, centrifugal 45min, under constantly stirring, in supernatant liquor, slowly add ammonium sulfate (50%w/v) with volume, at rotating speed is centrifugal 25min under the 9000r/min, and it is about 80% beta-glucan product that the precipitation lyophilize can get purity, and extraction yield is about 6%.The beta-glucan purity height that this invention obtains, processing condition are simple, and feasibility is big, and the industrial production cost is low.
The method for preparing barley diet fiber is as follows: the highland barley insolubles that preparation obtains behind the beta-glucan added cellulase and zytase mixture (1: 1,40u/100g), under 50 ℃ of continuous agitation conditions behind the enzymolysis 1h, add (8%) 60 ℃ in hydrogen peroxide and constantly stir decolouring 3h down, wash with water repeatedly, solid dry at low temperatures barley diet fiber.This kind method can develop highland barley bran fully, effectively improves the economic value added of highland barley bran, improves the peasant's of the Northwest income, and the developing high-tech industry is had important practical sense and wide application prospect.
Claims (3)
1, the extraction of beta-glucan and the preparation method of barley diet fiber in a kind of highland barley bran is characterized in that: be raw material with the highland barley bran, through enzymolysis, alkali is carried, and is centrifugal, and acid is heavy, alcohol precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, drying and other steps obtain beta-glucan and barley diet fiber product simultaneously.
2, the extracting method of beta-glucan in the highland barley bran according to claim 1 is characterized in that the technological process of production is:
Raw materials pretreatment → enzymolysis → alkali is carried → the heavy albumen → enzymolysis → centrifugal → alcohol precipitation → centrifugal → ammonium sulfate precipitation → centrifugal → lyophilize → packing → finished product that removes of centrifugal → second extraction → secondary centrifuging → merging supernatant liquor → acid;
Concrete production technique is as follows:
(1), raw materials pretreatment: the method that adopts screen, enzyme processing, extruding puffing to combine is carried out pre-treatment to highland barley bran; Highland barley bran is first to be handled through bran finisher, removes the flour of adhesion in the wheat bran then by screen, pulverizes 40 mesh sieves then; Enzymolysis: pulverize the back wheat bran and pressed material-water ratio 1: 6, transferring pH with dilute hydrochloric acid is 5, add cell walls lytic enzyme (zytase, cellulase or pentosanase, 40u/100mL), 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 1h are centrifugal, adopt extruder to handle wheat bran then, the enzyme that goes out on the one hand further makes wheat bran loosely organized on the one hand, is convenient to follow-up extraction and separates.
(2), alkali carries: transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, 45 ℃ are stirred 1h down, and rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, supernatant liquor and precipitation are standby.
(3), second extraction: precipitation is carried out second extraction, press material-water ratio 1: 4, adds cellulase (40u/100mL), and 45 ℃ of following enzymolysis 1h transfer pH10 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, and 45 ℃ are stirred down 1h, and rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, supernatant liquor and precipitate standby.
(4), the heavy albumen that removes of acid: merge supernatant liquor twice, transfer pH4.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 2mol/L, leave standstill 30min, rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min, it is standby to get supernatant liquor, abandons protein precipitation class material.
(5), enzymolysis: supernatant liquor is transferred pH6.5 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, adds high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei (30u/100mL), and enzymolysis 1h under 90 ℃ of continuous agitation conditions, rotating speed are 3500r/min, and centrifugal 10min abandons precipitation, and supernatant liquor is standby.
(6), alcohol precipitation: supernatant liquor adds alcohol (95%) precipitation of 1.5 times of volumes, and 4 ℃ of following standing over night are centrifugal, abandon supernatant, and precipitation adds water again redissolves, and rotating speed is 9000r/min, and centrifugal 45min abandons precipitation, and supernatant liquor is standby.
(7), ammonium sulfate precipitation: slowly add the ammonium sulfate (50%w/v) with volume under constantly stirring, precipitation is separated out in supernatant liquor, rotating speed is 9000r/min, and centrifugal 25min abandons supernatant liquor, precipitates standby.
(8), lyophilize: the precipitation lyophilize gets the beta-glucan product.
(9), packaging final prod.
3, the preparation method of barley diet fiber in the highland barley bran according to claim 1 is characterized in that the technological process of production is:
Raw materials pretreatment → enzymolysis → alkali carries → and centrifugal → second extraction → secondary centrifuging → precipitation → enzymolysis → decolouring → precipitation repetitive scrubbing is centrifugal → oven drying at low temperature → packing → finished product;
The concrete production technique of producing food fibre with the highland barley bran insolubles behind the preparation beta-glucan is as follows:
(1), precipitation enzymolysis: the highland barley bran insolubles behind the preparation beta-glucan was pressed material-water ratio 1: 10, and (1: 1,40u/100g), 50 ℃ were constantly stirred enzymolysis 1h down to add cellulase and zytase mixture.
(2), decolouring: add (8%) 60 ℃ in hydrogen peroxide and constantly stir decolouring 3h down.Centrifugal, abandon supernatant liquor, precipitate standby.
(3), the precipitation repetitive scrubbing is centrifugal: precipitate with step gained in twice washing of 1: 5 moisture.Rotating speed is 3500r/min, centrifugal 10min.Abandon supernatant, solid precipitation is standby.
(4), oven drying at low temperature: solid precipitation dry at low temperatures barley diet fiber.
(5), packaging final prod.
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