CN101548615A - Porous nest brick 3D green plant technology - Google Patents

Porous nest brick 3D green plant technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101548615A
CN101548615A CNA2009100156377A CN200910015637A CN101548615A CN 101548615 A CN101548615 A CN 101548615A CN A2009100156377 A CNA2009100156377 A CN A2009100156377A CN 200910015637 A CN200910015637 A CN 200910015637A CN 101548615 A CN101548615 A CN 101548615A
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plant
greening
mud
nest brick
brick
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张功
侯龙鱼
张勋
李勇
刘明卿
张宸瑞
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SHANDONG PROVINCE GUJIAOCANGJIU AND LIQUOR CULTURAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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SHANDONG PROVINCE GUJIAOCANGJIU AND LIQUOR CULTURAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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Priority to CNA2009100156377A priority Critical patent/CN101548615A/en
Publication of CN101548615A publication Critical patent/CN101548615A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a porous nest brick 3D green plant technology consisting of a masonry method of a porous nest brick structure and mud, a wall body plant technology, a high altitude platform greening technology and a desertification control applied plant technology. Loamy soil arranged in a wall body in a 3D net manner is formed by building a porous nest brick with mud; assistant technologies such as a catch basin (pipe and tank), a sludge liner, a coating film, water-retaining agent, thermal-insulation material and the like are adopted so as to reduce evaporation speed of water, enhance the water conservation function of the loamy soil, facilitate the growth of plants in the loamy soil of the wall body and realize 3D greening plants. Compared with the existing sticking plant greening technology and hanging plant greening technology, the technology has the advantages of simple operation, wide material sources, convenient planting and being economical and wearable and easy for maintenance, is applicable to green protection in residence, venues, parks, plazas, roads, side slopes, stair weirs, canals, desert control, national defense work and the like, can realize the greening effect of water and soil conservation, improving ecology, beautifying the environment, saving land and controlling greenhouse effect.

Description

A kind of porous nest brick 3 D green plant technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of porous nest brick 3 D green plant technology, be a kind of three-dimensional combined method specifically by porous nest brick and loam, realize three-dimensional vegetation, water and soil conservation, improvement ecology, beautify the environment, save the soil, the vertical planting technique effect of control greenhouse effect, can be widely used in the greening protection of many aspects such as dwelling house, venue, park, square, road, side slope, terraced weir, rivers and canals, desert treatment, national defence fortification.
Background technology
Vertical planting has become the pith of whole world green movement, and a lot of in the world countries and regions are all in the planning of actively developing vertical planting and construction.Clearly stipulate in " Beijing city environmental construction planning (2004-2008) ": 60% roof will be afforested in the low-rise building of Beijing, and skyscraper 30% roof will be afforested.A lot of countries clearly stipulate: cement wall is forbidden to build in the city, must build ecological wall.But vertical planting technology now commonly used generally adopts metope to paste to plant, framework is hung modes such as (row) plants, soilless culture, waterproof root resistance and realized, has problems such as cost height, big, the difficult popularization of difficulty.As: the roof top garden in Tokyo, the technical measures that adopt artificial soil, slight irrigation automatically, control to take root, cultivation matrix is used compositions such as chemical fibre waste material, vegetable fiber, animal hair, Kang Quan fermentation material more, and basal plane requires the problem highly significant high, that technology is loaded down with trivial details, maintenance cost is high.How under popular basic condition, approach such as soil cultivation, water conservation are taken root by having, three-dimensional vegetation, realize easy, fast, vertical planting cheaply, become the research and development direction.
We think that the key that solves vertical planting is: under routine building technology and condition, create a kind of wide, fast implementation of drawing materials, should plant, the greening carrier of effective, easy popularization, planting cubic metre of earth formula by solid within the walls and realize a vertical planting purpose, is the effective way that breaks through existing vertical planting technical bottleneck.
Recent two decades comes, and the technological invention people has manufactured and designed a kind of porous nest brick body in wine brewing cellar building technology R﹠D process, has rank mud function, and can make up arbitrarily.Nest brick assembly inside aperture intercommunication interconnection is the 3 D stereo network structure and distributes, and three-dimensional vegetation easy to implement has the following advantages: 1. simple to operate---and need not to change building basic structure, common buildings workman just can operate; 2. draw materials extensively---optional with multiple materials such as cement, silica sand, clay, lime, stone flour, gypsum, perlite, shale, sand, coal ash, slag, asbestos, haydite, sawdust, stalk bits, glass fibre, building waste, polystyrene; 3. plant and plant conveniently---directly plant seed is admixed in the folder mud or adopted the transplanting of outer hole, climb and take root in and can realize; 4. solid durable---the staggered growth of root system of plant, the company's of wearing hole is brought into play inner lashing effect, the greening body is carried out reinforcing from body, not only make the greening body more firm, and can prevent soil erosion within the walls, after generating new root, corrupt old root also can be used as the nutrient source of new root; 5. easy to maintenance---extensive management under normal circumstances, need not to change matrix, waters, applies fertilizer; 6. with low cost---basis and body of wall use porous nest brick and loam to fill and build the base, saved the consumption of cement, mortar, steel greatly; 7. Ecology Actions such as the sound-absorbing of energy-saving and environmental protecting---nest brick body, heat insulation, dust suction, suction carbon are better than brick greatly and mix naked wall; 8. applied widely---can be widely used in the greening protection of many aspects such as dwelling house, venue, park, square, road, side slope, terraced weir, rivers and canals, desert treatment, national defence fortification.9. the saving soil---particularly in the development of real estate project, can reduce cost, the increase green coverage improves land utilization rate.
This technological innovation simple and direct mode has solved some difficulties and the problem that exist in the current vertical planting implementation process, can realize under routine building layout, structure, technology and condition.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the construction by a kind of porous nest brick clamp mud body, implements the vertical planting vegetation, reaches to reduce water evaporates speed, increase tree and grass coverage, improve the ecological environment, reduce water and soil loss, the control greenhouse effect, improve the purpose of land utilization rate.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of porous nest brick 3 D green plant technology, comprise porous nest brick structure and folder mud building method, body of wall vegetation technique, aerial platform greening technique, desertification treatment application vegetation technique.By the loam that forms 3 D stereo net distribution in the body of wall of constructing of porous nest brick clamp mud body, the application in conjunction with ancillary techniques such as water leg (pipe, jar), mud courage, overlay film, water-loss reducer, insulation materials realizes the technical purpose of vertical planting vegetation.
One. porous nest brick structure and folder mud building method mainly are to manufacture and design nest brick bat body, are built into the method for porous nest brick wall body with mud as inserts, and this method is the basic core of this vertical planting vegetation technique.Constructing of porous nest brick clamp mud body forms the loam of 3 D stereo net distribution in the body of wall, solved the problem of the three-dimensional vertical distribution of loose loam, for plant growing provides matrix and carrier.Experimental results show that: the evaporation rate of moisture is than the low 50-70% of naked cob wall in this nest brick porous wall; The adaptability of body of wall implants is planted than pasting, is hung and plant obviously raising of greening; Climb the class plant and can climb growth, and can in wall soil, take root; Attract effect of heat insulation to improve 40-60% than naked wall, absorptance can reach more than 30%; Build one-storey house or enclosure wall with this technology, can save the consumption of cement, fired brick greatly, construction cost is than the mixed body of brick low about 40%.In short, this nest brick clamp mud body is just as " diaper ", has good suction, preserves moisture, antiseepage, insulation effect, is beneficial to plant growing.
Two. the body of wall vegetation technique is to be growth substrate to hold in the mouth mud within the walls, realizes the method for vertical planting vegetation.The naked mud of metope hole is rounded,, crescent arranges, plant grows in the aperture and forms the vegetation wall.The water imbibition of this vegetation wall is 30-50 a times that brick mixes wall, and moisture retention is 2-4 a times that brick mixes wall, and absorptance is about 3 times of naked wall, and acoustic absorptivity pastes to be planted, hang and plant the high 15-20% of wall, CO 2Conversion ratio under illumination condition every square/hour be more than the 1.3g, the depositing dust function is more than 7 times of naked wall when 2-3 wind-force.When the alternative masonry of this method was built a wall, construction cost was low more than 20%.This method plants than pasting, hangs that to plant the vertical planting effect obvious, and cost only is that subsides are planted, hung and plant about 30% of wall.This vegetation wall has certain height restriction, outer rim inclination angle when single vertical construction be that the following italic bank protection of 45 degree then is not subjected to limitation in height.This technology can be widely used in the greening construction of dwelling house, venue, park, square, road, side slope, terraced weir, rivers and canals, desert treatment, many aspects, also can be used for the camouflage protection of national defence fortification, as: construct with concrete the fortification such as frontier sentry, pillbox blindage, after skin adds this nest brick protecting wall of block, not only pretend performance and heat-insulating property is obviously improved, and the resiliency of nest brick hole can improve the anti-attack ability of blindage.
Three. the aerial platform greening technique is on roof, balcony, is that carrier is afforested with " lightweight nest brick clamp mud water conservation body ", forms aerial botanical garden, brings into play functions such as its ecology, energy-saving and environmental protection.The highest 35-38 degree centigrade the time as: Jinan temperature at noon in summer, naked top temperature is 50-65 degree centigrade, and the near-bottom temperature that has aerial botanical garden has only 23-26 degree centigrade, can make the top layer room temperature than low 3-5 degree centigrade that does not build the greening layer, reduces air conditioning electricity more than 20%.In addition, indoor balcony also can be implemented greening.That this technology has is in light weight, water retention property good, easy care, low, the effective advantage of cost, it is light more than 40% that one square of greening body ratio is put formula greening layer, builds the low 40-60% of maintenance cost, water saving 25-30%, with respect to soilless culture, also to hang down.
Four. it is by building the mode of underground porous nest brick vegetation carrier by laying bricks or stones, carry out the technical method of deserta that desertification treatment is used vegetation technique, can realize the effect of windproof, sand control, water conservation, greening.According to the environmental deterioration degree, by building the porous nest brick body of unlike material, different profile, different matrix, different structure, form face of land greenbelt, have positive effect for the improvement of desert, desertification grassland, desert seasonal river (lake).Experimental results show that: the drought-resistant plant in the implantation desert in the underground nest brick body has good survival rate; Lay the nest brick body of 0.4-0.6 rice in the bed body of desert seasonal river (lake) after, the density of vegetation can improve 30-40%, and growth cycle can prolong 10-20 days.Lay the underground 0.5 meter dark water content of nest brick body region during dry season than laying work area is not high more than 3 times, have tangible regulation effect.This method is than the method cost height of careless net, careless cage sand-fixing vegetation, but can produce good regulation effect.
Above technical method, greatly reduce grout, laid dry piece, cast-in-place concrete, precast concrete block, the fast utilization rate of fired brick, some unfavorable factors of existing three-dimensional vegetation technique have been overcome, created and established the hole pattern shape within the walls and plant the greening of soil, lateral body, microcosmic precedent, be suitable for extensive popularization from the body compensation.
The present invention will further specify by concrete real-time mode and accompanying drawing subsequently.
Concrete implementation step
One. porous nest brick laying structure and folder mud building method are to manufacture and design nest brick bat body, are built into the method for porous nest brick wall body as inserts with mud.
(1). with reference to Figure of description 1, porous nest brick laying structure is meant that pressing from both sides the mud combination with nest brick bat body is built into porous nest brick wall body, and loam is the netted intercommunication interconnection structure of 3 D stereo in body of wall, and the naked mud growth of metope hole is regularly arranged structure distribution.This topology layout has solved the problem of the three-dimensional vertical distribution of plant growth medium.A. according to the material of practical operation needs design monolithic nest brick, the size shape that size reaches interior outer hole; B. monolithic nest brick combination pilum is partly taked up and down concavo-convex butt joint design, guarantees that hole communicates, and takes root smooth and easy.The design of porous nest brick laying structure is the core that supports the whole technique method.
(2). the making of nest brick bat body.A. raw material: optional with multiple materials such as cement, silica sand, clay, sand, lime, stone flour, gypsum, perlite, shale, coal ash, slag, asbestos, haydite, sawdust, stalk bits, glass fibre, building waste, polystyrene, determine composition of raw materials according to local resources and actual greening needs, can select for use one or more materials to mix uses, greening should be used the heat-insulation light material as. aerial platform, and sub-district side slope vertical planting should be with fired brick or concrete material; B. make: make mould earlier, press the raw material proportioning again, take sintering, punching press, steam pressurization, technology expanded, that filling is solidified to make, as. the local-style dwelling houses enclosure wall in loess plateau can be mixed even backlash compacting nidificate brick with loess, stalk bits, cement water spray.
(3). the preparation of pug.The pug of the usefulness of building a wall is a filling mud, also is loam, must suit measures to local conditions, and conveniently be principle to draw materials, need preparation rationally by actual greening.As: 1. sub-district enclosure wall mud, fillering based on local soil of underground foundation part also will be aided with absorbent material, insulation material, raising agent, slow-release fertilizer etc. with mud on the ground; 2. the used loam of aerial platform should strengthen the consumption of lightweight suction insulation material, viscosity fuel.
(4). folder mud is built the base method.A. plant seed is sprinkled into the pug of mixing and mixes evenly, way build to be built by generally building a wall; Must accomplish positive and negative concavo-convex correspondence when B. building by laying bricks or stones, hole leads to, and lamellar body dislocation cross arrangement is to improve the fastness and the durability of body of wall.
Two. with reference to Figure of description 2, the body of wall vegetation technique is under above-mentioned technical conditions, is growth substrate to hold in the mouth mud within the walls, realizes the method for vertical planting vegetation.A. according to environment, weather, purposes, design the body of wall vegetation method of different structures such as board-like, ladder type, bevel-type; B. for guaranteeing the vegetation effect, the preferred plant kind and plant preceding test, planting patterns such as can take that mixed seeding, transplanting, rattan are planted; C. when construction, foundation is built by laying bricks or stones with the common pug of special-purpose basic nest brick clamp, and build by laying bricks or stones with plantation nest brick and reproduction soil (mud) on top, and the water imbibition and the moisture retention of rank mud will strengthen with the increase of body of wall height, and growth hole, the outside also will progressively dwindle from bottom to top; D. after body of wall was built into, edge sealing was wanted at the top, and last end face is established concave groove, laid plant cover concrete, and body of wall will carry out jointing or with the sprayings such as plant cover concrete about gap rate 30-50%; E. plant when planting, available polychrome plant is formed literal and figure, strengthens and beautifies effect; F. plank frame is applicable to ground waterwall, low parapet and divider wall more, the ladder type structure is applicable to bank protection, dyke, feed ditch, water delivery engineering, terraced weir etc. (as. the protecting slope of dam of the Yellow River middle and lower reaches), and the bevel-type structure is suitable for the divider wall in road, square, park; G. body of wall base root both sides should be provided with rainwater and collect ditch or closed conduit, increase metope surrounding air humidity; H. the engineering time should be selected in and arrive rainy season before or the end of spring and the beginning of summer carry out; J. this vegetation body of wall also can be used as the exterior wall protection of existing building facility.
Three. with reference to Figure of description 3, the aerial platform greening technique is on roof, balcony, is that carrier is afforested with " lightweight nest brick clamp mud water conservation body ", forms aerial botanical garden.A. must check the platform water resistance before the greening; When B. laying the greening body, bottom should be used the good nest brick of suction performance of keeping humidity, and the superiors lay with the good nest brick of heat-proof quality; C. the loam matrix should have good suction, preserve moisture, heat-proof quality; D. the green belt periphery mixes with brick and colludes block, is higher than the center; E. the platform green plants generally selects short evergreen plant; F. carry out the High Altitude Platform greening in arid area short of rain, should add irrigation system.
Four. with reference to Figure of description 4, Fig. 5, it is to build underground porous nest brick body by laying bricks or stones that desertification treatment is used vegetation technique, by reducing the evaporation rate of soil moisture, creates the environment that helps plant growing, carry out deserta, realize the technical approach of windproof, sand control, water conservation, greening.According to the environmental deterioration degree, by building the porous nest brick body of unlike material, different profile, different matrix, different structure, form face of land greenbelt, have positive effect for the improvement of desert, desertification grassland, desert seasonal river (lake).
(1). the desert greening.A. according to the sand ground situation, excavate a sand furrow, soil layer that bottom laying 0.15-0.30 rice is thick or injection suction coagulating agent (as. the vegetation concrete slurry), build nest brick body in echelon by laying bricks or stones with nest brick clamp mud from bottom to top, highly be lower than Shamian Island, hole outside the sealing ladder type nest brick side is filled and led up behind both sides and the top overlay film; B. vegetation is based on local drought-enduring plant miscegenation, adopts when sowing planting patterns, the film thorn opened after waiting to reveal bud, treat plant survival after, on plant root brick body, cover 0.1-0.3 rice the stalk bits, coagulate agent, sand mix; C. this desert afforestation mode is easy to that moisture is collected and plant growing, and the Root Distribution of plant is in the nest hole, and both fixing nest body can pass the nest hole again, grew to deep layer; D. it is regional easily to fetch earth, and can press from both sides in the nest body and build the mud courage, to reduce the brick consumption; E. few but time of rainfall number of times area of concentrating relatively can add covered conduit under the nest body, is used to collect rainwater; F. nest brick greening bandwidth is advisable with 35 meters, two greenbelt interval 5-10 rice, and greenbelt forms back middle can plant drought-enduring trees and arbor, to reduce the dust storm infringement, improves regulation effect.
(2). the greening of seasonal river (lake) is administered.Carry out fill and the laying of bed body before arriving rainy season, step is: 1. embankment is administered: excavate bunding, be built into trapezoidal wall with nest brick, bed end mud, inboard inclination angle is that outside vertical is established the mud courage below 45 degree in the body, retaining ditch (pipe, jar) is established in brick embankment wall bottom, top infiltration plate capping; 2. the bed end is administered: cut out mud scum or quick sand, lay the thick brick body of 0.4-0.6 rice with pore nest brick, every interval 20-30 rice digs one and gets the mud ditch, is built into the retaining canal, and top cement plate Peng Gai carries out mark, is used for the water intaking in dry season; 3. plant resource: make provenance with the vigorous plant of local growth and cultivate and obtain or introduce better kind, and pay attention to Plant Diversity; 4. expansion: the embankment greening is the center according to river (lake), and the progressively outwards expansion of segmentation, branch band progressively forms the oasis.
(3). the grassland desertification control.Be primarily aimed at the construction of herdsmen's settlement, grassland and administer, can be used for enclosure wall and housing construction.Implementation method is as follows: 1. excavate geosyncline, the basis is built down and is built water leg or overlay collector pipe, and width is about 1/3 of basis, and with basis, the brick base of large size nest, acrial part is built with above-mentioned body of wall and built then; 2. nest brick greening wall is outer should be provided with the shallow ridges that catchments, and the plantation drought-enduring plant can be catchmented, and can protect the greening body again.3. water leg will stay ventilation hole, and an end can be connected with life downcomer, and the other end can be established sludge gas collecting device.
In porous nest brick afforestation vegetation technology implementation process, should take into full account natural causes such as height above sea level, water-bearing layer drop, average temperature of the whole year, day and night temperature, sunshine time, soil constituent, annual precipitation, wind direction and wind velocity, select endemic plant is the vegetation provenance as far as possible, be aided with other advanced technology methods, can produce better regulation effect.

Claims (2)

1. a porous nest brick 3 D green plant technology comprises porous nest brick structure and folder mud building method, body of wall vegetation technique, aerial platform greening technique, desertification treatment application vegetation technique.By the loam that forms 3 D stereo net distribution in the body of wall of constructing of porous nest brick clamp mud body, the application in conjunction with ancillary techniques such as water leg (pipe, jar), mud courage, overlay film, water-loss reducer, insulation materials realizes the technical purpose of vertical planting vegetation.
2. according to claim 1, with sowing plant seed or the transplanting of outer hole in the mud or climbing the mode that rattan is taken root in, allow plant in porthole, grow, form vertical planting nest brick wall body.Be grown in the staggered growth of root system of plant in the nest brick greening body, the company's of wearing hole is brought into play inner lashing effect, not only makes the greening body more firm, and can prevent soil erosion within the walls.
CNA2009100156377A 2009-05-22 2009-05-22 Porous nest brick 3D green plant technology Pending CN101548615A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102021897A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-04-20 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Construction method of ecological revetment
CN107957225A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-24 贵州大学 A kind of colliery blasting protective device of convenient operation
CN108025977A (en) * 2015-09-11 2018-05-11 西格纳实验室有限公司 The method of material, its purposes and the manufacture material
CN109089622A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-28 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert treatment component
CN109089623A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-28 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert plants array component
CN109168739A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert treatment method

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CN1463583A (en) * 2002-06-07 2003-12-31 华清青生态环保科技(北京)有限公司 Porous vegetation brick and method for making same
CN1768569A (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-05-10 上海大学 Vegetation ecological concrete precast block and preparation method thereof
CN101386502A (en) * 2008-10-28 2009-03-18 海南大学 Method for preparing porous desert greening brick

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1292364A (en) * 2000-11-23 2001-04-25 朱遂科 Bubble-contained porous sintered clay block, its production process and application
JP2002188131A (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-07-05 Kajima Corp Ecosystem conserving porous concrete structure and ecosystem conserving structure using the same
CN2561208Y (en) * 2002-06-07 2003-07-23 华清青生态环保科技(北京)有限公司 Multihole plant growth bricks
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102021897A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-04-20 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Construction method of ecological revetment
CN108025977A (en) * 2015-09-11 2018-05-11 西格纳实验室有限公司 The method of material, its purposes and the manufacture material
CN107957225A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-24 贵州大学 A kind of colliery blasting protective device of convenient operation
CN109089622A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-28 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert treatment component
CN109089623A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-28 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert plants array component
CN109168739A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert treatment method
CN109168739B (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-05-04 广州市山水生态环保建设有限公司 Desert control method

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Application publication date: 20091007