CN101512201B - 直动式先导压力控制螺线管 - Google Patents

直动式先导压力控制螺线管 Download PDF

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CN101512201B
CN101512201B CN2007800326555A CN200780032655A CN101512201B CN 101512201 B CN101512201 B CN 101512201B CN 2007800326555 A CN2007800326555 A CN 2007800326555A CN 200780032655 A CN200780032655 A CN 200780032655A CN 101512201 B CN101512201 B CN 101512201B
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valve
metering
valve body
valve member
fluid passage
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CN101512201A (zh
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G·R·霍姆斯
J·J·沃特斯特雷德
D·L·德兰
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061—Sliding valves
    • F16K31/0613—Sliding valves with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0716—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides with fluid passages through the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/126—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a diaphragm, bellows, or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2013—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means
    • G05D16/2024—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means the throttling means being a multiple-way valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86582—Pilot-actuated
    • Y10T137/86614—Electric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/86702—With internal flow passage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是针对一种螺线管阀门，该螺线管阀门具有一个阀体，该阀体带有至少部分经过该阀体延伸的流体通道。一个供应口被安置为经过该阀体并且可操作地连接到该流体通道上。该供应口引导来自变速器流体的流体介质(例如液压流体)、或来自压力源(例如泵)的其他合适的流体。一个控制口同样被安置为经过该阀体并且可操作地连接到该流体通道上。一个排气口同样被安置经过该阀体并且该排气口可操作地连接到该流体通道上。在该控制口与该供应口和该排气口之间存在一个阀门构件，该阀门构件可操作地安置在该流体通道内。这是通过至少部分经过该阀门构件延伸的一个孔完成的。一个计量孔口将该流体通道或排气口与该阀门构件的孔相连接。

Description

直动式先导压力控制螺线管
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2006年9月26日提交的美国临时申请号60/847,222的权益，上述申请的披露内容通过引用结合在此。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于自动变速器中先导压力控制的一种可变力螺线管。
背景技术
螺线管被用于在汽车中控制多种装置，如离合器机构或者其他的变速器部件。另外，有可能将螺线管用于几乎任何其他的液压或者压力致动的车辆系统中。
现参见图3，它示出一个现有技术的阀门100，某些类型的螺线管结合使用一个滑阀芯102，该滑阀芯在阀门100的一个阀门部分106的一个孔104内移动。典型地，阀门100在滑阀芯102上将具有多个计量边缘103以允许从一个供应口105到一个控制口107以及从该控制口107到一个排气口109的流体的流动。当这种类型的阀门100被致动时施加了一个向下的力108并且滑阀芯102在孔104中向下移动。流体110从供应口105流动到控制口107，流体112在供应口105和控制口107之间加速生成作用于滑阀芯102的一个瞬态流动力。这个瞬态流动力的作用进一步对供应口105打开滑阀芯102，该供应口进而导致流体的进一步加速以及增加的向下瞬态流动力114，如此等等。这在阀门100上具有一种非常不稳定的效果并且是不希望的。因此，希望有一种滑阀阀设计，其中由阀门对于供应口或排气口的开放所产生的任何瞬态流动力将会起到关闭阀门的作用并且由此产生一种稳定性效果而非不稳定性效果。
发明内容
本发明是针对一种电磁阀，该电磁阀具有一个阀体，该阀体带有至少部分经过该阀体延伸的一个流体通道。一个供应口被安置为穿过该阀体并且可操作连接到流体通道上。一个供应口从压力源(如，一台泵)引导流体介质，如液压流体、变速器流体或其他合适的流体。一个控制口也被安置为穿过该阀体并可操作连接到流体通道上。在控制口和供应口之间有一个阀门构件，该阀门构件可操作安置在流体通道内并具有至少部分地延伸穿过阀门构件的一个孔，以允许流体从供应口流到控制口。两个或者更多的计量孔口将流体通道与阀门构件的孔相连接。该电磁阀体还有可操作接合到这些计量孔口的一个计量凸面。阀门构件将会相对于计量凸面而滑动以便于控制经过这些计量孔口从该孔流入和流出的流体的流动。本发明进一步的可应用性的领域将从以下提供的详细说明中而变得清晰。应该理解，虽然说明了本发明的优选实施方案，该详细说明与一些具体实例仅仅是为了阐述的目的，而并非旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
从详细说明和附图中将得到对本发明的更全面的理解，在附图中：
图1a是在一个第一位置中的具有一个计量孔口的电磁阀的截面图；
图1b是在一个第二位置中的具有一个计量孔口的电磁阀的截面图；以及
图2是计量孔口和计量凸面的分解图。
图3是一个滑阀的现有技术的实例，并用注释示出了不稳定性瞬态流动力。
图4是阀门构件和阀体的分解视图，并用注释示出了稳定性瞬态流动力。
具体实施方式
以下优选实施方案的说明本质上仅仅是示例性的，并且绝非旨在限制本发明、其应用、或者用途。
参见图1a和1b，图1a和1b示出了根据本发明的现有实施方案的电磁阀10的截面图。电磁阀10具有一个阀体12，该阀体具有经过阀体12纵向安置的一个流体通道14。在阀体12内连接到流体通道14的是一个供应口16，该供应口将来自供应源如泵(未示出)的加压流体引导到阀体12。
在阀体12的末端也有一个控制口18，该控制口将由电磁阀10调节的压力连通到多个下游部件。这些部件可以是任何类型的液压致动装置，包括但是不局限于滑阀和离合器。
阀体12还包括一个排气口20，该排气口用于在希望时从控制口18排放压力。
一个阀门构件22穿过阀体12而可滑动地安置并且包括一个孔24以便连通来自控制口18以及两个或者更多计量孔口26的压力。这些计量孔口接合了阀体12的一个计量凸面28。
阀门构件12通过对流体通道14或跨过计量凸面28的排气口20打开和关闭这些计量孔口26而能够调节在控制口18处的压力。控制口18中的压力作用在阀门构件22的整个面积上以提供相对于这些附图在向上的方向中的一个反馈力。
螺线管部分32被连接到该阀体12上或与之整合在一起。螺线管部分32包括缠绕在线圈架36上的一个线圈34。线圈34能够通过连接到螺线管部分32的连接件38得到供电。在螺线管部分32之中有一个电枢40，当线圈34供电时它在螺线管部分32内移动。电枢40被连接到一个轴42上，该轴由极片41引导。轴42经过电枢40延伸并与阀体12内的阀门构件22相接触。
现参见图1a和1b，将对电磁阀10的运行进行描述。当线圈34和螺线管部分32不供电时，弹簧46会导致轴42和电枢40将阀门构件22移动到如图1a所示的一个第一位置。当阀门构件22在这个位置时，来自供应口16的压力会计量通过计量孔口26并且进入孔24。孔24中的压力将会供应给控制口18。控制口18的压力将上升，直到由施加到阀门构件12整个直径上的所述压力产生的反馈力与弹簧46的力量相匹配。当反馈力和弹力相等时，阀门构件12将会移动到相对于计量凸面28的一个中性位置。这种结构被称为正常时的高配置。这意味着当电磁阀10处于没有供电的状态时，将会对控制口18提供高压力。将电磁阀10配置为具有正常时的低配置也是在本发明的范围之内，其中当阀门没有供电时，针阀22将移动到一个位置上，在这里来自供应口16的压力将不提供给控制口18。
当电磁阀10被供电时，电枢40将会在一个第二方向上移动到如图1b所示的位置，在这里这些计量孔口26在它们对应计量凸面30另一侧暴露于排气口20。当计量孔口26在这个位置时，孔24内的压力将通过这些计量孔口26而被缓解并通过排气口20排出。控制口18的压力将被减少直到反馈力等同于弹力减去由对螺线管部分30供电而产生的磁力。
由螺线管部分30产生的磁力是施加到线圈34上的电流的成比例的函数。极片41和电枢40被设计为使该磁力相对地独立于电枢40到极片41的相对位置。
因此，如果到线圈34的电流被渐进性地加大，螺线管部分30的磁力也将被增加并且在控制口中的压力将被减小与力量增加成比例的一个量值以便维持弹簧负荷、磁力和反馈力的力平衡。
如果到线圈34的电流被渐进性地减小，螺线管部分30的磁力将同样被减小并且在控制口中的压力将被增加与力的减少成比例的一个量值，以维持同样的力平衡。
以上段落描述了在调节控制口18的压力作为施加到线圈34的电流的一个函数时电磁阀10的静态行为。当电流中存在阶梯的增大或者减小时，还另外存在着瞬变状态。当发生对于电流的阶梯变化时，同样发生对力平衡的一种瞬态的破坏，并且在不均衡力的作用下阀门构件22将会在一个方向或另外一个方向上移动。如果在电流中有一个阶梯的增强并且阀门构件22随后移动而使这些计量孔口26对排气口20开放，在阀门构件22的孔24中的流体于是将由一种静止状态加速从控制口18经过计量孔口26并由排气口20流出。这种流体的加速将会在阀门上产生一种反作用力，这种力的作用是关闭开口。这是一种稳定性力量，它在从控制口18排放压力的同时帮助维持压力的精确控制。
另一方面，如果存在电流中的一个阶梯的降低并且阀门构件22随后移动使计量孔口26对排气通道14开放，阀门构件22的孔24中的流体于是将从一种静态加速以便从流体通道14和上游的供应口16由经过控制计量孔口26流动到控制口18。该流体加速将同样会在阀门上产生一种反作用力以便关闭该开口。这也是一种稳定性力量，它在使控制口18加压的同时帮助维持压力的精确控制。
这种独特的设计概念为电磁阀10提供的特性是：在一个紧凑的封装中在从控制口18流入或流出时具有一种稳定性的瞬态流动力。本设计的优点在图4中得到更好的展示。随着螺线管对阀门构件22施加一个向下的力200，流体22穿过这些计量孔口26并且进入孔24。当孔24中的流体压力积蓄时，一个向上的反作用力206或反作用力在阀门构件22的中心处被施加到阀门构件22上。该向上的反作用力206提供了超过现有技术滑阀设计的优点(图3所示)，该滑阀设计具有向下的反作用力114，这种反作用力不使瞬态流动稳定。
本发明的说明本质上仅仅是示例性的，并且因此，那些没有背离本发明主旨的变体都旨在被包括在本发明的范围之内。这些变体将不被认为是背离了本发明的精神与范围。

Claims (5)

1.一个阀门，包括：
一个阀体，该阀体具有至少部分经过所述阀体延伸的一个流体通道；
一个供应口，该供应口被安置为经过所述阀体并且可操作地连接到所述流体通道上；
一个控制口，该控制口被安置为经过所述阀体并且可操作地连接到所述流体通道上；
一个排气口，该排气口被安置为经过所述阀体并且可运行地连接到所述流体通道上；
一个阀门构件，该阀门构件可操作地安置在所述流体通道中，用于控制在所述供应口与所述控制口之间的流体介质的流动，其中所述阀门构件具有一个孔，该孔至少部分地经过所述阀门构件延伸以便提供在所述供应口与所述控制口之间的流动；
两个或更多的计量孔口，这些计量孔口延伸经过所述孔与所述流体通道之间的所述阀门构件；以及
一个计量凸面，该计量凸面可操作地接合所述计量孔口，其中，所述阀门构件通过相对于所述计量凸面移动来控制在所述控制口与所述供应口或所述排气口之间流体的流动。
2.如权利要求1所述的阀门，进一步包括在所述计量凸面上用于测量经过所述计量孔口的流体的流动的两个计量边缘。
3.如权利要求1所述的阀门，进一步包括一个螺线管部分，该螺线管部分具有一个线圈，该线圈带有响应于所述线圈的供电在所述螺线管部分内可移动的一个电枢；连接到所述电枢上的一个轴，其中，所述轴部分延伸进入所述阀体中并且接触所述阀门构件，其中所述线圈的供电引起所述轴响应于所述电枢在所述螺线管部分内的移动而在所述螺线管部分内滑动并且移动所述阀门构件。
4.如权利要求3所述的阀门，进一步包括一个弹簧，该弹簧可操作地接触所述轴，用于在当所述线圈未得到供电时将所述电枢以及所述轴在一个方向上偏置。
5.如权利要求1、3、4中任意一项所述的阀门，进一步包括在所述计量凸面上用于计量经过所述多个计量孔口的流体的流动的两个计量边缘。
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KR101341955B1 (ko) 2013-12-16
CN101512201A (zh) 2009-08-19
US20100139795A1 (en) 2010-06-10
JP2010505066A (ja) 2010-02-18
KR20090057017A (ko) 2009-06-03
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US8839819B2 (en) 2014-09-23
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