CN101502971A - High-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device - Google Patents

High-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101502971A
CN101502971A CNA2009100794109A CN200910079410A CN101502971A CN 101502971 A CN101502971 A CN 101502971A CN A2009100794109 A CNA2009100794109 A CN A2009100794109A CN 200910079410 A CN200910079410 A CN 200910079410A CN 101502971 A CN101502971 A CN 101502971A
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China
Prior art keywords
driving source
vibration
cover plate
vibrating body
hole
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CNA2009100794109A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101502971B (en
Inventor
张德远
王桂林
李文
姜兴刚
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Beihang University
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high frequency ultrasound elliptic vibration cutting device which comprises an ultrasound vibration unit and a casing unit. The ultrasound vibration unit is arranged in the casing unit. The casing unit comprises a base, A cover plate, B cover plate and an upper cover plate. The ultrasound vibration unit comprises an amplitude transformer, a vibrating body, A excitation source, B excitation source and C excitation source. The amplitude transformer is installed on the vibrating body. The end part of the amplitude transformer is provided with a cutting tool. The A excitation source and the B excitation source are arranged in parallel way and are adhered on the lateral side of the vibrating body. The C excitation source is installed on the lower part of the vibrating body. The A excitation source and the B excitation source form the driving power in horizontal direction. The C excitation source forms the driving power in vertical direction. The phase separation between two mutually vertical high frequency vibrations is applied for compounding an elliptic vibration at the point of the cutting tool. Thus, the processing surface roughness is lowered effectively. The cutting device works at the high vibration frequency of 100 kHz-200 kHz, so that the vibration chipping critical speed of the cutting tool is improved, and the processing efficiency is improved obviously. The amplitude transformer is adopted to be inserted in the vibration body, so that the installation is easy, and the practicality of the ultrasound elliptic vibration cutting can be promoted.

Description

A kind of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal cutting processing unit (plant) that is applied to the Precision Machining field, refer in particular to a kind of topping machanism that can produce high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration.
Background technology
UVC is that a ultrasonic vibration is additional on the cutter, make continuous working angles originally become interrupted, be interrupted, have the cutting way of special cutting effect, Japanese scholar takes the lead in putting forward.UVC has the distinct advantages that reduces cutting force and cutting temperature, raising surface quality and the accuracy of form and position.But, in conventional ultrasonic vibration (direction of vibration is a rectilinear motion) working angles, when cutter separates with workpiece, because the back knife face can clash into machined surface, produce friction, not only can damage machined surface, and be that cutter bears tension, especially in Precision Machining, the general very sharp diamond cutter of point of a knife of all selecting for use, the cutter material that polycrystal diamond cutter etc. are hard and crisp, this class material can bear very high compression, but can very fast breakage or tipping at the effect bottom tool of tension, have a strong impact on cutter life and crudy, limited of the application of UVC technology at precision and ultraprecise manufacture field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem at working angles cutter tipping, the present invention proposes a kind of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory cutting device under high frequency 100kHz~200kHz.This topping machanism is operated in the higher vibration frequency of 100kHz~200kHz, has improved the critical vibration velocity of vibration cutting smear metal, and working (machining) efficiency is improved significantly; Use the phase difference between orthogonal two dithers, synthetic elliptical vibration effectively reduces machined surface roughness at cutter point of a knife place; Adopt the luffing bar to peg graft and be installed on the vibrating body, be easy to be installed, can promote the practicability of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory cutting.
A kind of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device of the present invention is the structural design of carrying out in conjunction with lever and Langevin transducer.This topping machanism is made up of ultrasonic vibration unit and housing unit, and the ultrasonic vibration unit places in the housing unit; Described housing unit is made of pedestal, A cover plate, B cover plate and upper cover plate, and the ultrasonic vibration unit is made of luffing bar, vibrating body, A driving source, B driving source, C driving source.Vibration cutting device of the present invention is fixed by installing hole on the base plate that is arranged on pedestal and lathe for machining.
One end of A cover plate is installed on the front side board face of A gripper shoe of pedestal, and the other end of A cover plate is installed on the front side board face of B gripper shoe of pedestal; One end of B cover plate is installed on the back side panel face of A gripper shoe of pedestal, and the other end of B cover plate is installed on the back side panel face of B gripper shoe of pedestal; One end of upper cover plate is installed on the upper face of A gripper shoe of pedestal, and the other end of upper cover plate is installed on the upper face of B gripper shoe of pedestal.
Vibrating body is installed on the base plate, the luffing bar is installed in the Baltimore groove of vibrating body, the end that C presses closer screw passes the through hole on the base plate in turn, the C through hole rear thread of C driving source is connected on the E screwed hole, and promptly the C driving source is placed between the following vibration module and base plate of vibrating body.
The advantage of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device of the present invention is:
(1) using extensional vibration (driving source C) and orthogonal two dithers of flexural vibrations (driving source A and driving source B) cuts, the synthetic of both direction can be realized high-frequency elliptical vibration cutting, under the advantage prerequisite that keeps ultrasonic 20kHz elliptical vibration cutting, (100kHz~200kHz) increases considerably vibration frequency, further improved the critical vibration velocity of smear metal, therefore can increase work efficiency greatly, be particularly suitable for application accurate and ultra precision cutting processing.
(2) assembling of driving source, vibrating body and luffing bar among the present invention can significantly improve cutter life and machined surface quality; Utilize diamond cutter can realize manufacturing of fine cutting, contoured surface and special surface that common cutting can't be finished etc., as be applied to the manufacturing of biological contoured surface.
(3) owing to the cutting of carrying out for high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration, its effective cutting time is short, obviously reduced cutting temperature, therefore utilize semi-conducting materials such as diamond cutter cutting monocrystalline silicon, can significantly improve the plasticity cutting depth, prolong cutter life, also can utilize common diamond cutter to replace expensive natural diamond cutter to carry out machining, save processing cost in some occasion.
(4) tool changing of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device is convenient, existing precision or ultraprecise lathe for machining is carried out vibrocutting transform easily especially, can utilize existing cutter, does not need to design especially cutter, and be installed, convenient disassembly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the external structure of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device of the present invention.
Figure 1A is the back structures figure of Fig. 1.
Figure 1B is the structure chart of the high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device of the present invention of unassembled upper cover plate, A cover plate and B cover plate.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of elliptical vibration of the present invention unit.
Fig. 2 A is the exploded view of elliptical vibration of the present invention unit.
Among the figure: 1. pedestal 101.A gripper shoe 101a. front side board face 101b. back side panel face
101c. upper face 101d. right panel face 102.B gripper shoe 102a. front side board face 102b. back side panel face
102c. upper face 102d. square hole 103. base plate 103a. installing hole 2.A cover plates
3.B cover plate 3a. through hole 3b.A screwed hole 4. upper cover plate 4a.A unthreaded holes
4b.B unthreaded hole 5. luffing bars 6. vibrating body 6a. front face 6b. go up vibration module
6c. following vibration module 6d. left end upper face 6e. left end upper face 6f. right panel face 61.C screwed hole
62.D screwed hole 63. cross bore 64. ellipse holes 65. Baltimore grooves 66. T-shaped holes
67.E screwed hole 7.A driving source 7a.A through hole 8.B driving source 8a.B through hole
9. driving source 9a.C through hole 10.A holds out against screw 11.B and holds out against screw 12.C and hold out against screw
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device of the present invention is the structural design of carrying out in conjunction with lever and Langevin transducer.Referring to Fig. 1, Figure 1A, Figure 1B and shown in Figure 2, this topping machanism is made up of ultrasonic vibration unit and housing unit, and the ultrasonic vibration unit places in the housing unit; Described housing unit is made of pedestal 1, A cover plate 2, B cover plate 3 and upper cover plate 4, and the ultrasonic vibration unit is made of luffing bar 5, vibrating body 6, A driving source 7, B driving source 8, C driving source 9.Vibration cutting device of the present invention is fixed by installing hole 103a and lathe for machining on the base plate 103 that is arranged on pedestal 1.
Shown in Figure 1B, pedestal 1 is " recessed " shape shape; One end of A cover plate 2 is installed on the front side board face 101a of A gripper shoe 101 of pedestal 1, and the other end of A cover plate 2 is installed on the front side board face 102a of B gripper shoe 102 of pedestal 1.
One end of B cover plate 3 is installed on the back side panel face 101b of A gripper shoe 101 of pedestal 1, and the other end of B cover plate 3 is installed on the back side panel face 102b of B gripper shoe 102 of pedestal 1.
One end of upper cover plate 4 is installed on the upper face 101c of A gripper shoe 101 of pedestal 1, and the other end of upper cover plate 4 is installed on the upper face 102c of B gripper shoe 102 of pedestal 1.
Shown in Figure 1A, B cover plate 3 is provided with B through hole 3a, be provided with A screwed hole 3b around this B through hole 3a, the fan of ultrasonic vibration of the present invention unit heat transmission is placed on B through hole 3a place, and realizes fan is installed on the B cover plate 3 by the A screwed hole 3b around the B through hole 3a.
Shown in Fig. 1, Figure 1A, upper cover plate 4 is provided with A unthreaded hole 4a, B unthreaded hole 4b, and A unthreaded hole 4a is used for A and holds out against screw 10 and pass through, and B unthreaded hole 4b is used for B and holds out against screw 11 and pass through.
Referring to Figure 1B, pedestal 1 is provided with A gripper shoe 101, B gripper shoe 102 and base plate 103, and base plate 103 is provided with and is used for fixing the installing hole 103a of apparatus of the present invention on corresponding Cutting lathe.Vibrating body 6 is installed on the base plate 103, the end that C presses closer screw 12 passes the through hole on the base plate 103 in turn, the C through hole 9a rear thread of C driving source 9 is connected on the E screwed hole 67, and promptly C driving source 9 is placed between the following vibration module 6c and base plate 103 of vibrating body 6.
B gripper shoe 102 be provided with square hole 102d, this square hole 102d is used for luffing bar 5 and passes, and on the external part of luffing bar 5 (promptly passing square hole 102d end) cutter is installed.Luffing bar 5 is under the orthogonal effect of extensional vibration that flexural vibrations that A driving source 7 and B driving source 8 provide and C driving source 9 provide, and the external part of luffing bar 5 forms oval machining locus, and then drives cutter and do elliptic motion.
Be bonded with A driving source 7, B driving source 8 on the right panel face 101d of A gripper shoe 101, the other end of the other end of A driving source 7 and B driving source 8 is bonded in respectively on the left end upper face 6d and left end lower face 6e of vibrating body 6.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A, the ultrasonic vibration unit is made of luffing bar 5, vibrating body 6, A driving source 7, B driving source 8, C driving source 9, and the structure of A driving source 7, B driving source 8 and C driving source 9 is identical, buys from businessman.This driving source is to adopt the spacing mode to assemble by piezoelectric ceramic piece and copper plate electrode to form.In the present invention, can to offer the power of luffing bar 5 be 5~10W to driving source.
Vibrating body 6 has the "T"-shaped shape of Baltimore groove for the middle part, and vibrating body 6 is provided with for the Baltimore groove 65 that luffing bar 5 is installed, and Baltimore groove 65 is offered along horizontal center line, and this Baltimore groove 65 is divided into vibrating body 6 goes up vibration module 6b and following vibration module 6c; Last vibration module 6b is provided with C screwed hole 61, D screwed hole 62, cross bore 63; C screwed hole 61 is used for A and holds out against screw 10 and pass through, and the end that A holds out against screw 10 holds out against luffing bar 5; D screwed hole 62 is used for B and holds out against screw 11 and pass through, and the end that B holds out against screw 11 holds out against luffing bar 5.Following vibration module 6c is provided with T-shaped hole 66, E screwed hole 67, and E screwed hole 67 is used for C and holds out against screw 12 and pass through.Have ellipse hole 64 on the front face 6a of vibrating body 6.
In the present invention, the design of cross bore 63, T-shaped hole 66 and ellipse hole 64 is used to alleviate the weight of vibrating body 6 on the one hand, on the other hand under the driving force condition that has driving source to provide, be convenient to disperse vibration body 6 in the horizontal direction and the power vertically, make luffing bar 5 drive cutters and more help on elliptical orbit, moving.
A driving source 7 is bonded between the left end upper face 6d of the right panel face 101d of A gripper shoe 101 and vibrating body 6, B driving source 8 is bonded between the left end lower face 6e of the right panel face 101d of A gripper shoe 101 and vibrating body 6, and A driving source 7 is placed with B driving source 8 keeping parallelisms.The bottom of the following vibration module 6c of vibrating body 6 is provided with C driving source 9, and central through hole, E screwed hole 67 backs that the end that C holds out against screw 12 passes C driving source 9 in turn hold out against with the bottoms of luffing bar 5.Luffing bar 5 is arranged in the Baltimore groove 65 of vibrating body 6, and an end of luffing bar 5 stretches out outside the square hole 102d, and the cutter (as the diamond forming tool) of cutting usefulness is installed on the beveled end of luffing bar 5.
In the present invention, A driving source 7, B driving source 8 and C driving source 9 are selected model PZT-8 piezoelectric ceramics circular ring plate, its external diameter 15mm, internal diameter 6mm, thickness 3mm for use.The general employing of driving source adopts adhering with epoxy resin that piezoelectric ceramic ring is arranged between per two copper sheets.Orthogonal two dithers (one is extensional vibration, and one is flexural vibrations) make cutter point of a knife place synthesize an elliptical vibration.Operating frequency range is 100kHz~200kHz, and concrete operating frequency is looked the size decision of concrete structure, needs the excitation of two-way high frequency ultrasound power supply.
Apparatus of the present invention are adapted at installing on precision or the super precision lathe, for specific lathe, only need to provide can the be installed base and the corresponding tool setting device of apparatus of the present invention to get final product.The course of work is: at first at specific lathe original dress knife structure is transformed, design connects base (only needing a screw for the M8 that installs) according to apparatus of the present invention, and this device is installed on the lathe with bolting.Next, on apparatus of the present invention, cutting tool (being generally the diamond forming tool) is installed, is carried out tool setting work, adjust to final installation site.Next step, carry out elliptical vibration adjustment work, promptly open the ultrasonic action power supply,, adjust operating frequency according to the needs of Cutting Process, make cutter be in best vibrational state, wherein, vibration control system has automatic control function, can be provided with according to technological requirement is convenient, in the practical work process, the user only needs trickle adjustment; At last,, set cutting parameter,, can begin to carry out the processing of precision and ultra precision cutting as cutting speed, cutting-in, the amount of feeding according to technological requirement.
A kind of topping machanism that can produce high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration of the present invention's design.It is a kind ofly to be formed by connecting with bolt through epoxy resin coheres after by cutter and cutter bar, vibration cutting part, piezoelectric ceramics disk and electrode slice, needs the vibration cutting device that is used for metal cutting that encourages with two-way high frequency ultrasound power supply.The ultrasonic elliptical vibratory machining is a kind of elliptical vibration that forces that adds on the ordinary cutting tool point of a knife, produces the metal-cutting machining method of special processing effect.Utilize the shaping diamond cutter, this device can conveniently be applied to accurate and ultra precision cutting manufacture field, can effectively reduce cutting force, thereby obtain the not available advantage of a series of common cuttings, as suppressing flutter, suppress burr, reduce heat in metal cutting and cutting temperature and improving machining accuracy etc.; Luffing bar (knife bar) is changed convenient, is easy to realize generalization, practicability, miniaturization.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device is characterized in that: this topping machanism is made up of ultrasonic vibration unit and housing unit, and the ultrasonic vibration unit places in the housing unit; Described housing unit is made of pedestal (1), A cover plate (2), B cover plate (3) and upper cover plate (4), and the ultrasonic vibration unit is made of luffing bar (5), vibrating body (6), A driving source (7), B driving source (8), C driving source (9);
Pedestal (1) is " recessed " shape shape; Pedestal (1) is provided with A gripper shoe (101), B gripper shoe (102) and base plate (103), and base plate (103) is provided with installing hole (103a); Vibrating body (6) is installed on the base plate (103), and the end that C presses closer screw (12) passes the through hole on the base plate (103) in turn, C through hole (9a) rear thread of C driving source (9) is connected on the E screwed hole (67);
One end of A cover plate (2) is installed on the front side board face (101a) of A gripper shoe (101) of pedestal (1), and the other end of A cover plate (2) is installed on the front side board face (102a) of B gripper shoe (102) of pedestal (1);
One end of B cover plate (3) is installed on the back side panel face (101b) of A gripper shoe (101) of pedestal (1), and the other end of B cover plate (3) is installed on the back side panel face (102b) of B gripper shoe (102) of pedestal (1);
One end of upper cover plate (4) is installed on the upper face (101c) of A gripper shoe (101) of pedestal (1), the other end of upper cover plate (4) is installed on the upper face (102c) of B gripper shoe (102) of pedestal (1), and upper cover plate (4) is provided with A unthreaded hole (4a), B unthreaded hole (4b);
Vibrating body (6) has the "T"-shaped shape of Baltimore groove for the middle part, vibrating body (6) is provided with for the Baltimore groove (65) that luffing bar (5) is installed, Baltimore groove (65) is offered along horizontal center line, and this Baltimore groove (65) is divided into vibrating body (6) goes up vibration module (6b) and following vibration module (6c); Last vibration module (6b) is provided with C screwed hole (61), D screwed hole (62), cross bore (63); Following vibration module (6c) is provided with T-shaped hole (66), E screwed hole (67); Have ellipse hole (64) on the front face (6a) of vibrating body (6);
A driving source (7) is bonded between the left end upper face (6d) of the right panel face (101d) of A gripper shoe (101) and vibrating body (6), B driving source (8) is bonded between the left end lower face (6e) of the right panel face (101d) of A gripper shoe (101) and vibrating body (6), and A driving source (7) is placed with B driving source (8) keeping parallelism; The bottom of the following vibration module (6c) of vibrating body (6) is provided with C driving source (9), and central through hole, E screwed hole (67) back that the end that C holds out against screw (12) passes C driving source (9) in turn hold out against with the bottom of luffing bar (5); Luffing bar (5) is arranged in the Baltimore groove (65) of vibrating body (6), and an end of luffing bar (5) stretches out outside the square hole (102d).
2, high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the structural design that has adopted lever and Langevin transducer.
3, high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: C driving source (9) provides extensional vibration, A driving source (7) and B driving source (8) provide flexural vibrations, and flexural vibrations are done the elliptical vibration cutting with vertical mutually luffing bar (5) the drive cutter that makes of extensional vibration.
4, high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the operating frequency range of this high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device is 100kHz~200kHz.
5, high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A driving source (7), B driving source (8) and the structure of C driving source (9) are identical, and the power that three driving sources can offer luffing bar 5 is 5~10W.
6, high-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A driving source (7), B driving source (8) and C driving source (9) are selected model PZT-8 piezoelectric ceramics circular ring plate for use.
CN2009100794109A 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 High-frequency ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device Expired - Fee Related CN101502971B (en)

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CN101804575A (en) * 2010-03-05 2010-08-18 清华大学 Elliptical ultrasonic vibration auxiliary cutting device with adjustable track
CN101879685A (en) * 2010-07-05 2010-11-10 北京航空航天大学 Composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory cutting device suitable for making shark skin imitation structural skin
CN101972856A (en) * 2010-09-16 2011-02-16 长春工业大学 Non-resonant three-dimensional elliptical diamond fly-cutting optical free curved surface method and special device
CN101712128B (en) * 2009-10-22 2011-07-27 北京航空航天大学 System for monitoring ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting state on line by utilizing electrical characteristic of energy transducer
CN102380626A (en) * 2011-08-19 2012-03-21 清华大学 Ultrasonic oval vibrating mechanism for assisting diamond cutter in ultra-precision cutting
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CN101804575A (en) * 2010-03-05 2010-08-18 清华大学 Elliptical ultrasonic vibration auxiliary cutting device with adjustable track
CN101879685A (en) * 2010-07-05 2010-11-10 北京航空航天大学 Composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory cutting device suitable for making shark skin imitation structural skin
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CN101972856B (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-02-08 长春工业大学 Non-resonant three-dimensional elliptical diamond fly-cutting optical free curved surface method and special device
CN102380626A (en) * 2011-08-19 2012-03-21 清华大学 Ultrasonic oval vibrating mechanism for assisting diamond cutter in ultra-precision cutting
CN102380626B (en) * 2011-08-19 2013-01-02 清华大学 Ultrasonic oval vibrating mechanism for assisting diamond cutter in ultra-precision cutting
CN102794459A (en) * 2012-08-31 2012-11-28 赵显华 Ultrasonic postpositional double-direction vibration turning method
CN103231287A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-07 南通龙汇光电技术有限公司 Centreless grinding device and application principle thereof
CN103398774A (en) * 2013-08-20 2013-11-20 瞿洪贵 Piezoceramic sensing device
CN103433516A (en) * 2013-08-29 2013-12-11 上海交通大学 Turning chatter suppression device based on piezoelectric ceramic driver
CN103433516B (en) * 2013-08-29 2016-05-04 上海交通大学 A kind of turning Flutter Suppression device based on Piezoelectric Ceramic
CN103611947A (en) * 2013-11-17 2014-03-05 长春工业大学 Hinge parallel type elliptical vibration cutting flexible device
CN103611988A (en) * 2013-11-17 2014-03-05 长春工业大学 Non-resonant three-dimensional elliptical diamond vibration cutting flexible unit
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CN107520905A (en) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-29 中国科学院生物物理研究所 A kind of ultrasonic vibration ultra-thin section tool rest
CN109226782A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-18 河南理工大学 Double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite cutting method and device with torsional vibration secondary amplification function

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