CN101486616B - Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and preparation thereof - Google Patents

Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and preparation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101486616B
CN101486616B CN 200910116274 CN200910116274A CN101486616B CN 101486616 B CN101486616 B CN 101486616B CN 200910116274 CN200910116274 CN 200910116274 CN 200910116274 A CN200910116274 A CN 200910116274A CN 101486616 B CN101486616 B CN 101486616B
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China
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fertilizer
compound fertilizer
slow release
drought resisting
sulphur
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CN 200910116274
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CN101486616A (en
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马友华
郑路
胡芹远
江云
胡园园
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Abstract

The invention provides a color sustained release drought resistance compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The color sustained release drought resistance compound fertilizer is prepared by wrapping rosin, paraffin or asphalt being capable of being dissolved in engine oil, a resin sustained release layer, sulfur powder, polymeric water-absorbing resin and pigment powder in sequence on the surfaces of the traditional finished grains for producing the compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is characterized not only by the properties of a common compound fertilizer, but also by slow releasing of nutrient, and can reduce the loss of fertilizer, improve the fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce the agricultural source pollution, and the like. Meanwhile, the compound fertilizer can also improve the granular structure of soil, increase water permeability and ventilation property, as well as increase production and income. Besides, the color fertilizer can beautify the appearance of the fertilizer, and can be used as the color mark of a special fertilizer and the anti-fake color of a manufacturer. Moreover, the fertilizer has the advantages of simple and easy preparation technique, low cost, and high efficiency.

Description

A kind of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer and method field of manufacturing thereof, relate to a kind of compound fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, particularly a kind of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Compound fertilizer is in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of main plant nutritive elements of potassium, have at least two breedings divide declarable content by chemical process and (or) fertilizer made of mixing method.It is kind with fastest developing speed in the fertilizer variety in modern age, and in the country of chemical fertilizer industry prosperity, it has developed into one of main chemical fertilizer product; In the country that chemical fertilizer industry is developing, it will be a kind of inexorable trend of development.The purpose of its production and use is in order to satisfy the requirement of agricultural sciences fertilising and economic fertilization, improves fertilization effect, develops high-quality and efficient agricultural and preserve the ecological environment, and its development degree has become one of measurement index of agricultural modernization.
Since the seventies in 20th century, research and the application of slow-release or control-release fertilizer become focus.The R and D slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer was accomplished between the breeding time of crop, can discharge nutrient lentamente, the time and the burst size that make fertilizer discharge nutrient are consistent with the crop regulation of fertilizer requirement, reducing fertilizer loss to greatest extent, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, is one of developing direction of current fertilizer.Owing to it can overcome the existing fertilizer efficiency period weak point of common fertilizer (particularly N fertilizer), easily loss, utilization ratio low (the fertile this season utilization ratio of Chinese N 30%-35%) reach to use in a large number and cause many shortcomings such as environmental hazards, are described as the fertilizer of 21 century.
Wherein, coating class fertilizer is controlled the class that slow-release function becomes tool development prospect in the sustained-controll-release fertiliser preferably because having.It is to contain N straight fertilizer (urea or bicarbonate of ammonia) or multiple fertile surface spraying parcel one deck semipermeability or opacity material by special process, thereby reaches the fertilizer that slows down or control nutrient release purpose.Controlled release or slow release fertilizer can be avoided nutrient excess in the soil, coordinate the contradiction between the absorption of soil nutrient supply and plant nutrient, thereby improve plant recovery of nutrient and the pollution that reduces the border.Accelerate the development of balance fertilizing theory and sustained-controll-release fertiliser, to effective raising utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss and environmental pollution and have theoretical value and realistic meaning.
Colored fertilizer makes product appearance beautiful, can be used as the color indicia of special and dedicated fertilizer and the anti-counterfeiting label look of factory, and the user is willing to accept.So the application is slow-release material, pigment and compound fertilizer combine develops a kind of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, sustained release performance is better, has colour-coded, and the nutrient of this fertilizer discharges slowly, and validity period is long.Can reduce topdress number of times and fertilizer loss, improve fertilizer utilization ratio, can also replenish the required sulphur nutrient of crop, reduce fertilizer simultaneously to the pollution of environment such as soil and water quality.And the fertilizer of different sorts, heterogeneity adopts distinct colors, to show difference.
Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer of the present invention is that conventional fertilizer and machine oil, paraffin, rosin or pitch, one or more mixture organic materialss of resin, hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur, fertilizer tinting material are formed through coating.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that its raw material is by one or more mixtures of conventional fertilizer and machine oil, paraffin, rosin or pitch, resin, and water-holding agent, sulphur, fertilizer tinting material are formed, the quality proportioning of the above material is as follows: hydroscopic high-molecular resin 0.1%-10%, one or more mixtures 0.1-10% of sulphur 0.5-10%, paraffin, machine oil, pitch, rosin and resin, fertilizer tinting material: 0.01%-1%, all the other are conventional fertilizer.
Described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that described water-holding agent refers to hydroscopic high-molecular resin.
Described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that described fertilizer tinting material refers to large red, ferric oxide redness, lemon yellow, alkaline bright yellow, ferric oxide yellow, the blue or green blue look of phthalein, bright orchid, ferric oxide green, blackish green or absinthe-green oil color.
Described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that it is compound fertilizer or the chemical fertilizer mixture of main component that conventional fertilizer refers to include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
Described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that its core is conventional fertilizer, and core coats the slow release layer of the mixture composition of machine oil, rosin and paraffin outward successively, outermost layer parcel water-holding agent, sulphur and fertilizer tinting material.
The manufacture method of described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), conventional fertilizer is pulverized, by the prescription weighing, mix;
(2), one or more of rosin, paraffin, pitch and resin are added in machine oil, be heated to dissolving evenly at 80-90 ℃;
(3), sulphur and water-holding agent, pigment after will pulverizing measures respectively, mix;
(4), conventional fertilizer put into tablets press gradually carry out granulation, need not cooling after the granulation, the solution for preparing in (2) is sprayed in metering then, the rolling fertiliser granulates can be tried one's best solution and uniformly fertiliser granulates is encased;
(5), on the fertiliser granulates of rolling, evenly add the powder of water-holding agent, sulphur and pigment in (3), rolling makes it evenly to wrap in the oil film skin;
(6), with the fertilizer that processes, pack.
The manufacture method of described colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer is characterized in that described water-holding agent, sulphur, fineness are more than 120 orders.
The advantage of this colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and effect:
(1) this fertilizer utilization machine oil of the present invention, the mixture of rosin and paraffin evenly is wrapped in the fertilizer surface as slow-release material, has slow release nutrient, prolongs the nutrient validity period, reduces effects such as the number of times that topdresses.
(2) owing to be coated with hydroscopic high-molecular resin at chemical fertilizer, SULPHUR POWDER.When water is arranged, hydroscopic high-molecular resin can absorption, enrichment, storage moisture, around the farm crop root system, form in one " little reservoir ", when the environment drought and water shortage, this " reservoir " can directly be made for the thing suction, reduced the number of times that waters, the water shortage problem of crop that solved (or slowing down) has improved the drought-resistant ability of crop.
(3) hydroscopic high-molecular resin can be enclosed in fertilizer wherein, has reduced the loss of phosphorus and loss and the volatilization of nitrogen, alleviates the surface pollution that fertilizer causes environment, improves fertilizer utilization ratio simultaneously;
(4) sulphur is one of slow-release material commonly used at present, has therefore improved the sustained release performance of this fertilizer.Sulphur is as the fourth-largest nutritive element after nitrogen phosphorus potassium in addition, and therefore, this fertilizer can also replenish the sulphur nutrient of crop, especially some is needed the sulphur crop, acts on very obvious.
(5) fertilizer of the present invention also can improve the crumb structure of soil, increases water-permeable and ventilation property, and then increasing both production and income.
(6) fertilizer of the present invention also uses pigment to carry out painted to fertilizer.Colored fertilizer makes product appearance beautiful, can be used as the color indicia of special and dedicated fertilizer and the anti-counterfeiting label look of factory, and the user is willing to accept.
(7) behind this colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer of crop applying, compare with other compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer of the present invention is to the tangible enhancement of having grown of crop.
Embodiment
Example 1
Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 1:N-P 2O 5-K 2The percentage composition of O is 12-6-7, the summation of contained nutritive element effective constituent percentage composition is 25%, the add-on of oil, rosin and mineral wax mixture (arbitrarily) is 10% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, and the add-on of hydroscopic high-molecular resin is 0.5% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer.The add-on of sulphur is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 0.5% (mass percent), and the add-on of pigment is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 0.02% (mass percent).Concrete manufacturing process following (in 1000kg):
(1) ammonium sulfate (the containing N 20%) calcium superphosphate that crushes (is contained P 2O 520%), Repone K (contains K 2O 60%) difference weighing 534kg, 267kg and 103kg.
(2) take by weighing a certain amount of machine oil, rosin and paraffin (1: 1: 1) mixture, heating is 80-90 ℃ of dissolving down.
(3) hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and the red pigment that will crush the above sieve of 250 orders distinguished weighing 5kg, 5kg and 0.2kg, mixes;
(4) the fertile basic material of even mixed compound in (1) is put into tablets press gradually and carry out granulation, in the process of granulation, constantly spray the mixing solutions of machine oil, rosin and paraffin, rotate.Treating that the oil plant liquid that obtains in (2) can be tried one's best encases fertiliser granulates uniformly.
(5) on the fertiliser granulates that rolls, evenly add the powder of hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and pigment in (3), rotate, make mixture evenly wrap in the oil film skin.
(6) with the fertilizer that processes, pack.
Example 2
Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 1:N-P 2O 5-K 2The percentage composition of O is 10-7-15, the summation of contained nutritive element effective constituent percentage composition is 25%, the add-on of oil and paraffin is 3% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, and the add-on of hydroscopic high-molecular resin is 4% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer.The add-on of sulphur is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 2% (mass percent), and the add-on of pigment is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 1% (mass percent).
Concrete manufacturing process following (in 1000kg):
(1) (N 11%, P with the bicarbonate of ammonia (17%), the monoammonium phosphate that crush 2O 544%) vitriolate of tartar (60%) and stopping composition weighing 437kg, 143.2kg, 225kg, evenly mixing respectively;
(2) take by weighing a certain amount of machine oil, rosin and paraffin (1: 1: 1) mixture, heating is 80-90 ℃ of dissolving down.
(3) hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and the red pigment that will crush the above sieve of 250 orders distinguished weighing 40kg, 20kg and 10kg, mixes;
(4) the fertile basic material of even mixed compound in (1) is put into tablets press gradually and carry out granulation, in the process of granulation, the mixing solutions that continuous metering sprays into 30kg machine oil and paraffin rotates in the fertiliser granulates surface.Treating that the oil plant liquid that obtains in (2) can be tried one's best encases fertiliser granulates uniformly.
(5) on the fertiliser granulates that rolls, evenly add the powder of hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and pigment in (3), rotate, make mixture evenly wrap in the oil film skin.
(6) fertilizer that processes is carried out drying, pack.
Example 3
Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 1:N-P 2O 5-K 2The percentage composition of O is 14-12-14, the summation of contained nutritive element effective constituent percentage composition is 40%, the add-on of rosin and oil (1: 1) is 8% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, and the add-on of hydroscopic high-molecular resin is 6% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer.The add-on of sulphur is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 5% (mass percent), and the add-on of pigment is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 0.5% (mass percent).
Concrete manufacturing process following (in 1000kg):
(1) ammonium chloride (the containing N 25%) calcium superphosphate that crushes (is contained P 2O 520%) and Repone K (contain K 2O 60%) and weighing 450.8kg, 483kg, 187kg evenly mix;
(2) take by weighing a certain amount of machine oil, rosin and paraffin (1: 1: 1) mixture, heating is 80-90 ℃ of dissolving down.
(3) hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and the red pigment that will crush the above sieve of 250 orders distinguished weighing 80kg, 100kg and 5kg, mixes;
(4) the fertile basic material of even mixed compound in (1) is put into tablets press gradually and carry out granulation, in the process of granulation, the mixing solutions that continuous metering sprays into 80kg machine oil and paraffin rotates in the fertiliser granulates surface.Treating that the oil plant liquid that obtains in (2) can be tried one's best encases fertiliser granulates uniformly.
(5) on the fertiliser granulates that rolls, evenly add the powder of hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and pigment in (3), rotate, make mixture evenly wrap in the oil film skin.
(6) fertilizer that processes is carried out drying, pack.
Example 4
Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 1:N-P 2O 5-K 2The percentage composition of O is 15-15-15, the summation of contained nutritive element effective constituent percentage composition is 45%, oil, rosin and mineral wax mixture add-on are 5% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, and the add-on of hydroscopic high-molecular resin is 0.5% (mass percent) of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer.The add-on of sulphur is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 10% (mass percent), and the add-on of pigment is colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer 0.1% (mass percent).Concrete manufacturing process following (in 1000kg)
(1) with ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar and stopping composition weighing 271.4kg, 287.7kg, 211kg, the evenly mixing respectively that crushes;
(2) take by weighing a certain amount of machine oil, rosin and paraffin (1: 1: 1) mixture, heating is 80-90 ℃ of dissolving down.
(3) hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and the red pigment that will crush the above sieve of 250 orders distinguished weighing 5kg, 100kg and 1kg, mixes;
(4) the fertile basic material of even mixed compound in (1) is put into tablets press gradually and carry out granulation, in the process of granulation, the mixing solutions that continuous metering sprays into 50kg machine oil and paraffin rotates in the fertiliser granulates surface.Treating that the oil plant liquid that obtains in (2) can be tried one's best encases fertiliser granulates uniformly.
(5) on the fertiliser granulates that rolls, evenly add the powder of hydroscopic high-molecular resin, sulphur and pigment in (3), rotate, make mixture evenly wrap in the oil film skin.
(6) fertilizer that processes is carried out drying, pack.

Claims (6)

1. colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that its raw material is by one or more mixtures of conventional fertilizer and machine oil, paraffin, rosin or pitch, resin, and water-holding agent, sulphur, fertilizer tinting material are formed, the quality proportioning of the above material is as follows: water-holding agent 0.1%-10%, one or more mixtures 0.1%-10% of sulphur 0.5-10%, paraffin, machine oil, pitch, rosin and resin, fertilizer tinting material: 0.01%-1%, all the other are conventional fertilizer; Composite fertilizer's core is conventional fertilizer, and core coats the slow release layer of one or more mixtures compositions of machine oil, paraffin, rosin or pitch, resin outward successively, outermost layer parcel water-holding agent, sulphur and fertilizer tinting material.
2. colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described water-holding agent refers to hydroscopic high-molecular resin.
3. colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fertilizer tinting material refers to large red, ferric oxide redness, lemon yellow, alkaline bright yellow, ferric oxide yellow, the blue or green blue look of phthalein, bright orchid, ferric oxide green, blackish green or absinthe-green oil color.
4. colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is compound fertilizer or the chemical fertilizer mixture of main component that conventional fertilizer refers to include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
5. the manufacture method of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), conventional fertilizer is pulverized, by the prescription weighing, mix;
(2), one or more of rosin, paraffin, pitch and resin are added in machine oil, be heated to dissolving evenly at 80-90 ℃;
(3), sulphur and water-holding agent, pigment after will pulverizing measures respectively, mix;
(4), conventional fertilizer put into tablets press gradually carry out granulation, need not cooling after the granulation, the solution for preparing in (2) is sprayed in metering then, the rolling fertiliser granulates can be tried one's best solution and uniformly fertiliser granulates is encased;
(5), on the fertiliser granulates of rolling, evenly add the powder of water-holding agent, sulphur and pigment in (3), rolling makes it evenly to wrap in the oil film skin;
(6), with the fertilizer that processes, pack.
6. the manufacture method of colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer according to claim 5 is characterized in that described water-holding agent, sulphur fineness are more than 120 orders.
CN 200910116274 2009-03-05 2009-03-05 Colorful slow release drought resisting compound fertilizer and preparation thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101486616B (en)

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CN105777318A (en) * 2014-12-25 2016-07-20 陈曳 Sustained-release fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
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