CN101792354B - Color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and method for producing same - Google Patents
Color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and a method for producing the same, wherein the method comprises the followings steps of: measuring, crushing and uniformly mixing fertilizer raw materials, granulating by adopting an ammonia-acid method rotary drum granulating process, performing one-stage drying, semi-cooling and screening of grains, and sending the mixture to a coating machine; adopting a continuous melting rotary drum film-coating method coating process to perform compressed air atomization and uniform coating of color coating oil sprayed by a special nozzle; and adding a water-retaining agent and an anti-adhesive agent by a screw conveyor, and performing full stirring, cooling and packaging to obtain the finished products. The color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer has the effects of drought resistance, water retention, nutrient preservation, soil condition improvement and environmental protection, and the appearance of the fertilizer has color marks; and when the fertilizer is applied to crops, the fertilizer has the advantages of increasing yield and incoming, along with simple production method, convenient operation, low cost and high benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, specifically is a kind of color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
China is the quite poor country of a water resources, quantity of precipitation only accounts for 27% of world average level, China's arid, semiarid climate area account for 51% of area, in 0.5 hundred million hectares of arable lands, there is not the nonirrigated farmland of irrigation conditions to account for 65%, annual because of hundred million kilograms of arid loss underproduction grain 100-200, direct economic loss reaches hundred million yuan of 100-200, and shortage of water resources has restricted some areas socio-economic development.Popularizing engineerings such as the big sprinkling irrigation of investment, slight irrigation in an all-round way in China has certain degree of difficulty, and the cheap water-saving technology product of suitable popularization.Water-holding agent has good water conservation drought resisting performance, obtained good result solving crop water shortage and desertification treatment, but water-holding agent is expensive, uses time-consumingly separately, and it is bigger to promote difficulty.
China is large agricultural country, also is that world Fertilizer is consumed first big country simultaneously.Chemical fertilizer plays a part very important to crop yield, China's chemical fertilizer netting index word table is bright, uses chemical fertilizer and can improve food crop per unit area yield 40%-60%, improves gross output about 35%.Composite fertilizer refers in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrients of potassium, have at least two breedings divide declarable content by chemical process and (or) fertilizer made of mixing method, compound fertilizer contains various nutrient elements, can make balanced its nutrient that absorbs of farm crop, use the suitable composite fertilizer of nutrient proportioning, can improve the level that applies fertilizers scientifically.Water-holding agent mixed with ordinary compound fertilizer use, because of the soil salt excessive concentration, easily reduce its water conservation water-retaining capacity.
The subject matter one that exists in the chemical fertilizer application is that ortho-water dissolubility fertilizer amount is big at present, and utilization ratio is low; The 2nd, chemical fertilizer application is unreasonable and cause the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.This season utilization ratio nitrogen of China's chemical fertilizer is about 30%-35%, and phosphorus is about 10%-20%, and potassium is about 35%-50%.A large amount of chemical fertilizer enters water body and atmosphere by approach such as volatilization, leaching, runoffs, causes that Greenhouse effect increase the weight of, body eutrophication, causes algae overgrowing, water quality deterioration, hydrobiont death, underground water big area nitric nitrogen a series of problems such as exceed standard.The controlled composting material of slow release fertilizer nutrient loss, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, alleviate environmental pollution, water-holding agent is combined with slow release fertilizer, can obviously not influence water-holding agent swelling ability, on the contrary, in water-holding agent suction time, is the part nutrient of adsorbable slow release fertilizer release also, reaches the secondary slowly-releasing, steadily discharges the effect of nutrient.Bright-coloured glossy, the color even, firm of painted fertilizer outward appearance, and with this color indicia as new-type fertilizer, be convenient to buyer's identification, better promote product promotion to use.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and production method thereof, adopt propylhomoserin method drum granulating, continuous melting rotary drum coating method parcel operation to produce color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer, the color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer of producing has drought resisting, water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer, slowly-releasing and environmental protection effect, outward appearance has color indicia, increasing both production and income behind the crop applying, and can improve the soil.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
2, a kind of color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer is characterized in that: from the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 1-45 weight part, ammonium chloride 1-55 weight part, ammonium sulfate 1-55 weight part, ammonium nitrate 1-55 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 9-55 weight part, secondary calcium phosphate 9-55 weight part, calcium superphosphate 9-55 weight part, peroxophosphoric acid coarse whiting 9-55 weight part, Repone K 7-40 weight part, vitriolate of tartar 7-40 weight part, potassic-magnesian fertilizer 7-40 weight part, stopping composition 1-10 weight part
Select two or more raw material mix mixture, spray liquefied ammonia 15-32 kilogram, dilute sulphuric acid 16-30 kilogram by mixture per ton during granulation, the colored parcel of granulation work in-process spraying per ton finish 1-120 kilogram, water-holding agent 2-80 kilogram, release agent 1-50 kilogram during coating.
Described stopping composition is selected attapulgite, wilkinite, kaolin or mica for use; Described colored parcel finish is to add in the parcel finish tinting material formulated, tinting material is 0.2-3.0% with the weight part ratio of parcel finish: 1, described tinting material is selected Oil Yellow, oil red, nigrosine, solvent blue or oily molten orange for use, and described parcel finish is one or more assembly things of mineral oil, vegetables oil, paraffin, polyethylene wax, pitch, stearic acid, Polyurethane, sulphur, polyethylene, natural resin; Described water-holding agent is agricultural high-hygroscopicity resin, selects one or more the mixture in starch water-holding agent, Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent, the synthetic polymer water-holding agent for use; Described release agent is selected one or more the mixture in talcum powder, zeolite powder, attapulgite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, frog stone, sepiolite, diatomite, the flyash for use.
Described color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer is characterized in that: the fineness of described water-holding agent and release agent 〉=200 orders.
The production method of described color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), formulating colorful parcel finish: by weight than taking by weighing parcel finish raw material and tinting material raw material, mineral oil or vegetables oil in the parcel finish raw material are heated up, by weight than adding tinting material raw material and other parcel finish raw material, while stirring with steam heating parcel finish raw material, after colored parcel finish raw material melts fully, get colored parcel finish;
(2), material pulverizing, mixing: than urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, coarse whiting, Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassic-magnesian fertilizer, stopping composition being carried out proportioning, fragmentation and mixing, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator by weight;
(3), propylhomoserin method drum granulating: in tablets press, granulated materials is sprayed an amount of steam, liquefied ammonia and dilute sulphuric acid successively;
(4), dry, half cooling, screening: the particle after the granulation is carried out one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, and the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, and macrobead returns fragmentation, and particulate returns granulation;
(5), continuous melting rotary drum coating method coating: colour is wrapped up finish be delivered to the coating machine front end and evenly spray through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds water-holding agent, the terminal release agent that adds of coating machine;
(6), cooling packing: the fertilizer that coating is good mixes, cools off, packs through abundant, gets finished product.
The present invention compares with composite fertilizer, slow release fertilizer and drought resisting fertilizer that prior art is produced, and advantage is as follows:
1, production method of the present invention is simple, only needs original composite fertilizer production technique and device simply transformed to get final product;
2, propylhomoserin method rotary drum prilling process is adopted in granulation, improves balling ratio, reduces system's returning charge, enhances productivity, and cuts down the consumption of energy;
3, coating adopts continuous melting rotary drum coating method production technique, the fusing mode adopts continuous melting, the mode of filming adopts special nozzle to atomize continuously and films, water-holding agent is wrapped up finish fully and the fertile surface of compound isolates and firmly be bonded at particle surface, product also need not sieve behind the coating, thereby realizes the serialization production of single cover system whole process;
4, production method of the present invention has reduced parcel finish and water-holding agent consumption, particularly water-holding agent price height, only needs to add a small amount of water-holding agent in the production and just can reach preferable water conservation drought resisting effect, effectively reduces the batching cost;
5, production method of the present invention is that tinting material is added in the parcel finish, the technology uniqueness, and the product appearance color is glossy, even and firmly, products of different specifications is managed to make do into different colours, convenient identification;
6, production method of the present invention is simple, and is easy to operate, and raw material obtains easily, low cost of manufacture, high efficiency;
7, wrapping up finish, water-holding agent and N-P-K content in the prepared product can regulate as required;
8, prepared product is mellow and full smooth hard, is difficult for sticking group or caking, and product not only has the effect of general compound fertilizer, but also the characteristics that have drought resisting, water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer, environmental protection and improve the soil, nutrient discharges slowly steadily, improves nutrient and efficiency of water application, increasing both production and income behind the crop applying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=25%, specification is 8-10-6 (chloride) color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer, and concrete technological operation step is as follows:
(1), takes by weighing mineral oil, polyethylene and Oil Yellow by 2.5: 1.0: 0.05 weight part ratio, to heat up in the mineral oil addingization hopper earlier, again polyethylene and Oil Yellow are poured into, wrap up finish with steam heating while stirring,, use oil well pump that colour is wrapped up finish and adds to lentamente in the insulation stock chest after raw material melts fully Deng parcel;
(2), measure 11.0 weight part Repone K respectively and (contain K
2O-60.3%), 43.9 weight part calcium superphosphate (contain P
2O
5-14.0%), 11.0 weight part monoammonium phosphates (contain N-10.5%, contain P
2O
5-44.5%), 6.6 weight part ammonium sulfate (containing N20.5%), 27.5 weight part ammonium chlorides (containing N-23.5%), with the above-mentioned raw materials fragmentation, mix, get mixture, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator;
(3), spray an amount of steam, 27 kilograms of liquefied ammonia of mixture interpolation per ton, 22 kilograms of dilute sulphuric acids in the tablets press;
(4), adopt one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, macrobead returns fragmentation, particulate returns granulation;
(5), adopt continuous melting rotary drum coating method parcel operation during coating, to the qualified particle in screening per ton back, using volume pump that 88 kilograms of colored parcel finishes are delivered to the coating machine front end from stock chest evenly sprays through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds 32 kilograms of synthetic polymer water-holding agents with No. 1 spiral speed regulation transfer roller, and coating machine is terminal to add 10 kilograms of attapulgites with No. 2 spiral speed regulation transfer rollers;
(6), the abundant mixing of fertilizer, cooling, packing that coating is good, get finished product.
Embodiment 2
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=35%, specification is 12-13-10 (chloride) color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer, and concrete technological operation step is as follows:
(1), by 1.0: 1.2: 0.5: 0.06 weight part ratio takes by weighing mineral oil, polyethylene wax, natural resin and oil red, to heat up in the mineral oil addingization hopper earlier, again polyethylene wax, natural resin and oil red are poured into, wrap up finish with steam heating while stirring,, use oil well pump that colour is wrapped up finish and adds to lentamente in the insulation stock chest after raw material melts fully Deng parcel;
(2), measure 19.7 weight part Repone K respectively and (contain K
2O-60.3%), 37.1 weight part monoammonium phosphates (contain N-10.5%, contain P
2O
5-44.5%), 12.3 weight part ammonium sulfate (containing N20.5%), 30.9 weight part ammonium chlorides (containing N-23.5%), with the above-mentioned raw materials fragmentation, mix, get mixture, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator;
(3), spray an amount of steam, 31 kilograms of liquefied ammonia of mixture interpolation per ton, 27 kilograms of dilute sulphuric acids in the tablets press;
(4), adopt one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, macrobead returns fragmentation, particulate returns granulation;
(5), adopt continuous melting rotary drum coating method parcel operation during coating, to the qualified particle in screening per ton back, using volume pump that 116 kilograms of colored parcel finishes are delivered to the coating machine front end from stock chest evenly sprays through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds 58 kilograms of synthetic polymer water-holding agents with No. 1 spiral speed regulation transfer roller, and coating machine is terminal to add 35 kilograms of diatomite with No. 2 spiral speed regulation transfer rollers;
(6), the abundant mixing of fertilizer, cooling, packing that coating is good, get finished product.
Embodiment 3
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=40%, specification is 14-12-14 (chloride) color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer, and concrete technological operation step is as follows:
(1), takes by weighing mineral oil, paraffin and solvent blue by 1.0: 1.0: 0.02 weight part ratio, to heat up in the mineral oil addingization hopper earlier, again paraffin and solvent blue are poured into, wrap up finish with steam heating while stirring,, use oil well pump that colour is wrapped up finish and adds to lentamente in the insulation stock chest after raw material melts fully Deng parcel;
(2), measure 25.0 weight part Repone K respectively and (contain K
2O-60.3%), 28.7 weight part monoammonium phosphates (contain N-10.5%, contain P
2O
5-44.5%), 12.5 weight part ammonium sulfate (containing N20.5%), 20.0 weight part ammonium chlorides (containing N23.5%), 8.8 weight part urea (containing N46.2%), 5.0 weight part attapulgite, with the above-mentioned raw materials fragmentation, mix, get mixture, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator;
(3), spray an amount of steam, 27 kilograms of liquefied ammonia of mixture interpolation per ton, 20 kilograms of dilute sulphuric acids in the tablets press;
(4), adopt one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, macrobead returns fragmentation, particulate returns granulation;
(5), adopt continuous melting rotary drum coating method parcel operation during coating, to the qualified particle in screening per ton back, using volume pump that 48 kilograms of colored parcel finishes are delivered to the coating machine front end from stock chest evenly sprays through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds 24 kilograms of Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agents with No. 1 spiral speed regulation transfer roller, and coating machine is terminal to add 12 kilograms of zeolite powders with No. 2 spiral speed regulation transfer rollers;
(6), the abundant mixing of fertilizer, cooling, packing that coating is good, get finished product.
Embodiment 4
Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=40%, specification is 15-15-10 (potassium sulfate type) color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer, and concrete technological operation step is as follows:
(1), by 1.0: 1.2: 0.8: 0.06 weight part ratio takes by weighing vegetables oil, paraffin, pitch and nigrosine, to heat up in the vegetables oil addingization hopper earlier, again paraffin, pitch and nigrosine are poured into, wrap up finish with steam heating while stirring,, use oil well pump that colour is wrapped up finish and adds to lentamente in the insulation stock chest after raw material melts fully Deng parcel;
(2), measure 20.9 weight part vitriolate of tartar respectively and (contain K
2O-50.0%), 34.9 weight part monoammonium phosphates (contain N-10.5%, contain P
2O
5-44.5%), 30.3 weight part ammonium sulfate (containing N-20.5%), 10.5 weight part urea (containing N-46.2%), 3.5 weight part wilkinites with the above-mentioned raw materials fragmentation, mix, get mixture, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator;
(3), spray an amount of steam, 24 kilograms of liquefied ammonia of mixture interpolation per ton, 22 kilograms of dilute sulphuric acids in the tablets press;
(4), adopt one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, macrobead returns fragmentation, particulate returns granulation;
(5), adopt continuous melting rotary drum coating method parcel operation during coating, to the qualified particle in screening per ton back, using volume pump that 22 kilograms of colored parcel finishes are delivered to the coating machine front end from stock chest evenly sprays through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds 17 kilograms of starch water-holding agents with No. 1 spiral speed regulation transfer roller, and coating machine is terminal to add 12 kilograms of kaolinites with No. 2 spiral speed regulation transfer rollers;
(6), the abundant mixing of fertilizer, cooling, packing that coating is good, get finished product.
Claims (3)
1. a color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer is characterized in that: from the raw material of following weight part: urea 1-45 weight part, ammonium chloride 1-55 weight part, ammonium sulfate 1-55 weight part, ammonium nitrate 1-55 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 9-55 weight part, secondary calcium phosphate 9-55 weight part, calcium superphosphate 9-55 weight part, peroxophosphoric acid coarse whiting 9-55 weight part, Repone K 7-40 weight part, vitriolate of tartar 7-40 weight part, potassic-magnesian fertilizer 7-40 weight part, stopping composition 1-10 weight part;
Select two or more raw material mix mixture, spray liquefied ammonia 15-32 kilogram, dilute sulphuric acid 16-30 kilogram by mixture per ton during granulation, the colored parcel of granulation work in-process spraying per ton finish 1-120 kilogram, water-holding agent 2-80 kilogram, release agent 1-50 kilogram during coating;
Described stopping composition is selected attapulgite, wilkinite, kaolin or mica for use; Described colored parcel finish is to add in the parcel finish tinting material formulated, tinting material is 0.2-3.0% with the weight part ratio of parcel finish: 1, described tinting material is selected Oil Yellow, oil red, nigrosine, solvent blue or oily molten orange for use, and described parcel finish is one or more assembly things of mineral oil, vegetables oil, paraffin, polyethylene wax, pitch, stearic acid, Polyurethane, sulphur, polyethylene, natural resin; Described water-holding agent is agricultural high-hygroscopicity resin, selects one or more the mixture in starch water-holding agent, Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent, the synthetic polymer water-holding agent for use; Described release agent is selected one or more the mixture in talcum powder, zeolite powder, attapulgite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, frog stone, sepiolite, diatomite, the flyash for use.
2. color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fineness of described water-holding agent and release agent 〉=200 orders.
3. the production method of color drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), formulating colorful parcel finish: by weight than taking by weighing parcel finish raw material and tinting material raw material, mineral oil or vegetables oil in the parcel finish raw material are heated up, by weight than adding tinting material raw material and other parcel finish raw material, while stirring with steam heating parcel finish raw material, after colored parcel finish raw material melts fully, get colored parcel finish;
(2), material pulverizing, mixing: than urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, coarse whiting, Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassic-magnesian fertilizer, stopping composition being carried out proportioning, fragmentation and mixing, send in the ammonification rotary drum granulator by weight;
(3), propylhomoserin method drum granulating: in tablets press, granulated materials is sprayed an amount of steam, liquefied ammonia and dilute sulphuric acid successively;
(4), dry, half cooling, screening: the particle after the granulation is carried out one section drying, half cooling and thickness screening, and the qualified particle in screening back enters in the special coating machine, and macrobead returns fragmentation, and particulate returns granulation;
(5), continuous melting rotary drum coating method coating: colour is wrapped up finish be delivered to the coating machine front end and evenly spray through air atomizing, the coating machine middle-end adds water-holding agent, the terminal release agent that adds of coating machine;
(6), cooling packing: the fertilizer that coating is good mixes, cools off, packs through abundant, gets finished product.
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| CN101792354A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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