CN101466940B - 发动机排放系统 - Google Patents

发动机排放系统 Download PDF

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CN101466940B
CN101466940B CN2007800214973A CN200780021497A CN101466940B CN 101466940 B CN101466940 B CN 101466940B CN 2007800214973 A CN2007800214973 A CN 2007800214973A CN 200780021497 A CN200780021497 A CN 200780021497A CN 101466940 B CN101466940 B CN 101466940B
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blowdown piping
main
piping
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CN101466940A (zh
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查尔斯·霍利蒙
约翰·巴伯
约翰·谢勒
罗伯特·拉雷米
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Bell Helicopter Textron Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/04—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of exhaust outlets or jet pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/20—Mounting or supporting of plant; Accommodating heat expansion or creep
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/52—Nozzles specially constructed for positioning adjacent to another nozzle or to a fixed member, e.g. fairing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/80—Couplings or connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05D2250/311—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being in line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于飞行器的排放系统具有主排放管道，适于连通来自于发动机排放出口的排放气体并且构造成随着发动机进行移动。副排放管道与主排放管道流体连通并且适于可移动地安装至机体。该系统具有用于保持主管道与副管道之间大体稳定一致的相对对齐的装置。

Description

发动机排放系统
技术领域
技术领域是发动机排放系统。
背景技术
在传统飞行器排放系统中，排放喷射器具有连接至发动机凸缘的主排放气体管道，用于接收来自发动机的排放气体并且使排放气体穿过该主排放气体管道。该传统排放喷射器也具有连接至机体的并且初始时与主排放管道同心的副发动机排放气体管道。但是，发动机相对于机体的滑移、振动或者其他相对移动通常会导致主排放气体管道不与副排放气体管道同心。
例如，图1示出包括主排放管道13和副排放管道15的现有技术发动机排放系统。主排放管道13直接地连接至发动机17并且随着发动机17移动，而副排放管道15连接至机体19并且保持相对于机体19处于大概固定的位置。当发动机17相对于机体19移动时，主管道13和副管道15可能变得不同轴并且不同心。图1示出这一情况，主管道13的轴线21不与副管道15的轴线23同轴。
当主管道13不与副管道15同心时，副管道15中的排放气体流可能产生方向性的偏转，导致较差的喷射器性能。上述不对齐也会导致若干不理想的情况，包括副管道15中的湍流排放气体流和/或热排放气体25流部分地直接撞击在副管道15的内表面27上。这两个条件会导致副管道15部分产生过热。另外，未达到最优排放气体喷射的情况可能包括更高的发动机舱温度、更高的排放气体温度，并且这些效果会不利地影响该飞行器的其他部件。
附图说明
图1是现有技术发动机排放系统的剖面侧视图。
图2是发动机排放系统的一项实施例的倾斜视图。
图3是图1的发动机排放系统的俯视图。
图4是图1的发动机排放系统的侧视图。
图5是图1的发动机排放系统的端部视图。
图6是图1的发动机排放系统的剖面侧视图。
具体实施方式
为了解决由于飞行器的发动机与机体之间的相对移动而造成的飞行器排放管道不理想地处于不同心的状态这一问题，发动机排放系统提供一种用于将这两个管道连接到一起使得即使发动机相对于机体产生移动而这两个管道也仍然保持同心的装置。因此，如果发动机由于任何原因而产生移动，那么安装在机体上的副管道被推动或拉入以与主管道稳定一致地对齐，保持最大的喷射器性能。
现在参照附图中的图2至6，示出发动机排放系统101的一项实施例。排放系统101包括管状主排放管道103(仅在图6中示出)、管状副排放管道105以及用于允许管道103、105之间进行相对轴向移动的滑移连接件107。主排放管道103和副排放管道105也通过拖拉(drag)连杆109保持对齐。副排放管道105连接至机体111并且由垂直支架113和侧向支架115支承，优选地，这些支架通过单球(uni-ball)连接器而在每个端部处连接。垂直支架113承载垂直载荷，侧向支架115承载侧向载荷。优选地，支架连接件位于重心上或者非常接近重心从而避免任何无益的力矩。
主排放管道103直接地连接至发动机117以允许排放气体从发动机117流动通过主排放管道103并且进入副管道105。副排放管道105的前端通过使用滑移连接件107中的环式密封件121同心地滑移入并且可密封地连接至发动机凸缘119，使用O形环121允许管道103、105进行热膨胀。O形环107优选地采用高温O形环式密封件。滑移连接件107也沿垂直和水平方向二者支承管道105，但是不沿着轴向方向。对管道105进行轴向控制是通过拖拉连杆109实现的，该连杆将凸缘119连接至副管道105。拖拉连杆109的支座优选地采用单球连接器，这一构造允许在发动机117与副管道105之间实现相对的轴向移动，但是这将不允许进行垂直或侧向移动。与拖拉连杆109相关联的单一自由度允许发动机移动以与主管道103稳定一致地推动或拉动副排放管道105并且将系统保持在理想的对齐状态。
该排放系统提供若干优势，包括：(1)能够将主和副排放管道保持在所需的取向上；(2)重量小；(3)可靠性和持久性增加；以及(4)易于安装。
本说明书包括对所示实施例的引用，但是其并不意在限制。本领域技术人员可参照说明书清楚地了解所示实施例以及其他实施例的各种改进和组合。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于飞行器的排放系统，该飞行器具有机体和带有排放出口的发动机，该排放系统包括：
主排放管道，适于连通来自于发动机排放出口的排放气体并且构造成随着发动机进行移动；
副排放管道，与主排放管道流体连通并且适于可移动地安装至机体；
拖拉连杆，其被构造成将副排放管道的端部连接至发动机排放出口，拖拉连杆被构造成能够使主排放管道和副排放管道之间进行相对轴向移动并被构造成保持主排放管道与副排放管道之间大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐；
其中主排放管道和副排放管道布置成允许排放气体从发动机流动通过主排放管道并且进入副排放管道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排放系统，还包括：
至少一个支架，适于将副排放管道连接至机体。
3.一种飞行器发动机系统，包括：
具有排放出口的发动机；
主排放管道，与排放出口流体连通并且构造成随着发动机进行移动；
副排放管道，与主排放管道流体连通并且适于可移动地安装至机体；以及
拖拉连杆，其被构造成将副排放管道的端部连接至发动机排放出口，拖拉连杆被构造成能够使主排放管道和副排放管道之间进行相对轴向移动并被构造成保持主排放管道与副排放管道之间大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐；
其中主排放管道和副排放管道布置成允许排放气体从发动机流动通过主排放管道并且进入副排放管道。
4.根据权利要求3所述的发动机系统，还包括：
至少一个支架，适于将副排放管道连接至机体。
5.一种飞行器，包括：
机体；
具有排放出口的发动机；
主排放管道，与排放出口流体连通并且构造成随着发动机进行移动；
副排放管道，与主排放管道流体连通并且可移动地安装至机体；以及
拖拉连杆，其被构造成将副排放管道的端部连接至发动机排放出口，拖拉连杆被构造成能够使主排放管道和副排放管道之间进行相对轴向移动并被构造成保持主排放管道与副排放管道之间大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐；
其中主排放管道和副排放管道布置成允许排放气体从发动机流动通过主排放管道并且进入副排放管道。
6.根据权利要求5所述的飞行器，其中，用于保持大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐的装置包括：
连杆，将副排放管道连接至发动机排放出口；以及
至少一个支架，将副排放管道连接至机体。
7.一种飞行器，包括：
机体；
具有排放出口的发动机；
主排放管道，与排放出口流体连通并且构造成随着发动机进行移动；
副排放管道，与主排放管道流体连通并且可移动地安装至机体；
拖拉连杆，其被构造成将副排放管道的端部连接至发动机排放出口，拖拉连杆被构造成能够使主排放管道和副排放管道之间进行相对轴向移动并被构造成保持主排放管道与副排放管道之间大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐；以及
至少一个将副排放管道连接至机体的支架；
其中，拖拉连杆和至少一个支架相配合以保持主排放管道与副排放管道之间的大体稳定一致的相对同轴对齐；
其中主排放管道和副排放管道布置成允许排放气体从发动机流动通过主排放管道并且进入副排放管道。
CN2007800214973A 2006-06-09 2007-06-11 发动机排放系统 Active CN101466940B (zh)

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US81239106P 2006-06-09 2006-06-09
US60/812,391 2006-06-09
PCT/US2007/013679 WO2008097247A2 (en) 2006-06-09 2007-06-11 Engine exhaust system

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AU2007346730A1 (en) 2008-08-14
EP2032828A4 (en) 2012-10-10
DE07872523T1 (de) 2009-07-30
US8123159B2 (en) 2012-02-28
CN101466940A (zh) 2009-06-24
CA2654751C (en) 2012-12-18
CA2654751A1 (en) 2008-08-14
EA200802441A1 (ru) 2009-06-30
US20100229569A1 (en) 2010-09-16
JP2009540195A (ja) 2009-11-19
WO2008097247A2 (en) 2008-08-14
BRPI0712611A2 (pt) 2012-10-23
EP2032828A2 (en) 2009-03-11
KR20090020658A (ko) 2009-02-26
WO2008097247A8 (en) 2008-12-31
WO2008097247A3 (en) 2008-10-16

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