CN101457934B - Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment - Google Patents
Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101457934B CN101457934B CN2008102206361A CN200810220636A CN101457934B CN 101457934 B CN101457934 B CN 101457934B CN 2008102206361 A CN2008102206361 A CN 2008102206361A CN 200810220636 A CN200810220636 A CN 200810220636A CN 101457934 B CN101457934 B CN 101457934B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses plasma incineration waste disposal equipment. The waste feed inlet of a plasma waste incinerator is connected with a waste pre-heating device; the feed entrance of the pre-heating disposal device is connected with a waste crushing device; the waste pre-heating device is provided with an exhaust pipeline for mixed waste gas which is communicated with the combustion chamber of a steam boiler; the steam pipeline of the steam boiler is communicated with steam generating equipment and transmits steam to the steam generating equipment for generating power. Before entering the plasma waste incinerator, the waste is not only crushed into small pieces, but also is preheated for evaporating bulk of the moisture, so the waste entering the incinerator has small volume and less moisture, the possibility for rapidly generating excessive mixed gas and thus resulting in explosion under instant high temperature as the waste contains much water can not be generated, and the security performance is good. Meanwhile, the waste can produce a large amount of combustible mixed gas such as CO and the like in preheating, the mixed gas is conducted into the steam boiler for being incinerated and generating steam by heating, and the hot steam is transmitted into the steam generating equipment for doing work and generating electric energy which can be used for providing the electric energy that is needed by the plasma waste incinerator when in work, so the electricity consumption of the plasma incineration waste disposal equipment is also reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garbage incineration equipment, particularly a kind of plasma incineration waste treatment equipment.
Technical background
Existing garbage incineration equipment, usually mainly be with firing method rubbish to be carried out burning disposal by the combustion furnace in the equipment, the temperature of its waste incineration is lower, usually only can reach about 1000 ℃, rubbish often can't completing combustion, it is residual to have imperfect combustion composition in the slag that produces, still there is certain pollution in environment, and it can not be used for handling the rubbish that slags such as medical waste, spoil, chemical waste, electronic waste, dangerous material rubbish do not allow remaining harmful substance.In order to handle above-mentioned these specific refuse, plasma incineration waste treatment equipment has good prospect as a kind of emerging refuse treatment plant, the central temperature of the plasma incineration waste stove burner hearth arc column that it is used for burning away the refuse can reach 20000 ℃, the temperature province of waste incineration can reach more than 6000 ℃, rubbish can be by complete after-flame, do not have remaining material in the lime-ash, can be used to handle medical waste, spoil, chemical waste, electronic waste, dangerous material rubbish etc.Yet, existing plasma incineration waste treatment equipment, the not treated usually plasma incineration waste furnace high-temperature that just directly is introduced into of rubbish burns, and the rubbish of pouring into can heat up moment, liquid meeting instant vaporization wherein, expansion, cause confined explosion, bring infringement may for incinerator body of heater or electrode, special in containing the more rubbish of moisture, influence to body of heater and electrode is particularly serious, as liquid filling bottle in the medical waste or soup bottle etc.In addition, the electrode of the plasma incineration waste stove of existing plasma incineration waste treatment equipment need connect high-voltage DC power supply, the electric energy that its burning process consumption is a large amount of, and power consumption is big.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide the plasma incineration waste treatment equipment that a kind of security performance is good, power consumption is little.
Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment of the present invention, comprise the plasma incineration waste stove, it is characterized in that: the garbage inlet of plasma incineration waste stove is connected with the garbage pre-heating device, be communicated with the discharging opening of garbage pre-heating device, the feeding mouth of The pre-heat treatment device connects the refuse breaking device, the garbage pre-heating device is provided with gas exhaust piping, connect steam boiler by gas exhaust piping, be communicated with the combustion chamber of steam boiler, the steam pipework of steam boiler is communicated with steam generating equipment, carry vapours to steam generating equipment, by vapours acting generating.
Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment of the present invention, rubbish is broken into fritter earlier in the refuse breaking device, and after the preliminary heat temperature raising of garbage pre-heating device, after most water evaporates in the rubbish come out, the plasma stove of burning away the refuse such as send into from garbage inlet again, under the swabbing effect effect of plasma, promptly be inhaled into high temperature incineration in the arc column of plasma incineration waste stove.Before its rubbish enters and burns in the plasma incineration waste stove, not only be broken for fritter by breaker, but also will evaporate most moisture wherein through pre-heating device, the rubbish volume that enters the plasma incineration waste stove is little, moisture is few, it is big because of water content rubbish can not occur, produce fast under moment high temperature that excessive gaseous mixture sets off an explosion may, avoided because of bring dangerous of rubbish confined explosion and infringement that body of heater and electrode are caused, security performance is good.Simultaneously, when its rubbish tentatively heats in pre-heating device, except producing a large amount of steam, can also produce flammable mists such as a large amount of CO, these mists flow into steam boiler by gas exhaust piping, can be in the burner hearth internal combustion of steam boiler, water in the heating steam boiler produces vapours, and these vapours contain lot of energy, after vapor line leads to steam generating equipment, the generating of can doing work.The electric energy that steam generating equipment produces can be used for providing the plasma incineration waste furnaceman to make required electric energy, thereby can reduce the power consumption of plasma incineration waste treatment equipment of the present invention.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of a kind of plasma incineration waste treatment equipment of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
A kind of plasma incineration waste treatment equipment, as Fig. 1, comprise plasma incineration waste stove 1, the garbage inlet 2 of incinerator is communicated with butt joint with the discharging opening 4 of garbage pre-heating device 3, and the charging aperture 5 of garbage pre-heating device is communicated with the discharging opening 7 of refuse breaking device 6 again.Described garbage pre-heating device can be horizontal revolving burner, is prior art, and it is downward-sloping from the charging aperture to the discharging opening, and the rubbish that has whirligig to drive through carrying to the plasma incineration waste stove in it in it rotates.Described refuse breaking device can be the pressing plate that pumps by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, and pressing plate drives by pressure cylinder, pounds repeatedly up and down to spray rubbish, and with refuse breaking, it especially easily smashes the bottle in the medical waste, jar.Many row's blades can be set under the described pressing plate, and hydraulic cylinder drive is pounded when spraying rubbish, and blade can cut rubbish simultaneously, and it can better broken rubbish, is littler fragment with refuse breaking.The top of garbage pre-heating device 3 is provided with gas exhaust piping 8 and leads to steam boiler 9, in the garbage pre-heating process, the high-temperature vapor, CO and other imflammable gas that produce can flow to steam boiler 9 by gas exhaust piping 8, burner hearth internal combustion at steam boiler, the fuel of steam boiler is provided, the steam pipework of steam boiler is communicated with steam generating equipment 10, and the high-temperature steam of boiler heating can flow to steam generating equipment and generate electricity.Can be arranged on the top of charging aperture as the gas exhaust piping of the horizontal revolving burner of garbage pre-heating device, high-temp waste gas in the plasma incineration waste stove, after entering from the discharging opening of horizontal revolving burner, flowing through behind the whole horizontal revolving burner again, the exhaust outlet from its charging aperture top flows out, the high-temp waste gas rubbish countercurrent flow that whole horizontal revolving burner and horizontal revolving burner are carried of can flowing through, its heat exchange is more abundant, and the better effects if of preheating can make the water evaporates in the rubbish more thorough.
In order further to utilize the energy, save the energy resource consumption of plasma incineration waste treatment equipment, the cooling water pipe 11 that is used to cool off body of heater in the plasma incineration waste stove 1 can be communicated with the feed pipe 12 of steam boiler, steam boiler is the heating plasma cooling water of burning away the refuse and flowing out in the stove cooling water pipe directly, these cooling waters have absorbed the heat that a large amount of plasma incinerator high-temperature burner hearths is distributed in the process of cooling body of heater, its temperature itself is just higher, steam boiler directly heats these cooling waters, the required energy of its vaporization will significantly be reduced, it has utilized the used heat in the cooling water fully, has further reduced the consumption of the energy.
The side of plasma incineration waste stove 1 is provided with lime-ash current by pass 13, lime-ash current by pass 13 oblique having a down dip, its top is communicated with burner hearth, the lower end extends to the lime-ash collecting pit 14 of bottom always, the bottom surface, middle part of current by pass has the narrower bypass passageways 15 of A/F downwards, and metal recovery pond 16 is led in the bypass passageways bottom.When the lime-ash in the plasma incineration waste stove burner hearth was too much, lime-ash can flow out from current by pass automatically, flows into the lime-ash collecting pit along current by pass; When the molten metal in the burner hearth and lime-ash all too much the time, molten metal and lime-ash can be simultaneously when current by pass overflows, because lime-ash is lighter, molten metal is heavier, during earial drainage, molten metal can be dirty along the bottom surface of current by pass, it is together dirty that lime-ash then can float over the molten metal surface, and metal liquid stream is when the bypass passageways place, and it can flow into downwards in the metal recovery pond along passage, and lime-ash is because volume is bigger, can not enter in the bypass passageways, slide to the lime-ash collecting pit under it can only continue, can automatically metal be separated with lime-ash in its lime-ash collection process, can the metal in the rubbish be reclaimed, thereby economic benefit is also better.The width of described bypass passageways opening is advisable with 1-5cm.
Rubbish is easy to generate a large amount of poisonous dioxin gas when heating for 300 ℃ in 600 ℃, produce dioxin in order to prevent rubbish in warm, needs the temperature of control garbage pre-heating, makes it avoid producing the temperature range of dioxin.In order to control the temperature of garbage pre-heating, the adjustable air exhauster 18 of rotating speed can be installed in the gas exhaust piping on the garbage pre-heating device, but mounting temperature sensor in the garbage pre-heating device, air exhauster can be according to the temperature control rotating speed of temperature sensor, rotating speed by the control air exhauster, the flow of control suction preheating device high-temp waste gas, thereby the temperature of control preheating.When preheat temperature is higher, reduce the rotating speed of air exhauster, the high-temp waste gas flow in the garbage pre-heating device is reduced, thereby preheat temperature is descended, and when preheat temperature is on the low side, increase the rotating speed of air exhauster, high-temp waste gas flow in the garbage pre-heating device is increased, thus the rising preheat temperature.It not only can be controlled preheat temperature and depart from the interval that produces dioxin, prevents the generation of dioxin, can also control the stable of preheat temperature, makes rubbish keep good preheat mode.When control preheat temperature when being 250 ℃, it can avoid producing dioxin, moisture is fully evaporated and produces a large amount of fuel gas such as CO.
Claims (7)
1. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment, comprise plasma incineration waste stove (1), it is characterized in that: the garbage inlet of plasma incineration waste stove (2) is connected with garbage pre-heating device (3), garbage inlet (2) is communicated with the discharging opening (4) of garbage pre-heating device, the feeding mouth of preheating device (5) connects refuse breaking device (6), the garbage pre-heating device is provided with gas exhaust piping (8), connect steam boiler (9) by gas exhaust piping, be communicated with the combustion chamber of steam boiler, the steam pipework of steam boiler is communicated with steam generating equipment (10), carry vapours to steam generating equipment, by vapours acting generating.
2. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: garbage pre-heating device (3) is horizontal revolving burner, and it is downward-sloping to discharging opening (4) from charging aperture (5), and gas exhaust piping (8) is arranged on the top of charging aperture (5).
3. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described refuse breaking device (6) is the pressing plate that pumps by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, and the pressing plate below is provided with many row's blades.
4. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cooling water pipe (11) that is used to cool off body of heater in the plasma incineration waste stove (1) is communicated with the feed pipe (12) of steam boiler (9), supplies water to steam boiler.
5. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adjustable air exhauster (18) of rotating speed is installed in the gas exhaust piping (8) on the garbage pre-heating device (3), mounting temperature sensor in the garbage pre-heating device, air exhauster can be according to the adjustment rotating speed of temperature sensor.
6. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the side of plasma incineration waste stove (1) is provided with lime-ash current by pass (13), the lime-ash current by pass is oblique to have a down dip, its top is communicated with burner hearth, the lower end extends to the lime-ash collecting pit (14) of bottom always, the bottom surface, middle part of current by pass has the narrower bypass passageways of A/F (15) downwards, and metal recovery pond (16) is led in the bypass passageways bottom.
7. plasma incineration waste treatment equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the A/F of described bypass passageways (15) is 1-5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102206361A CN101457934B (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102206361A CN101457934B (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment |
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| CN101457934A CN101457934A (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| CN101457934B true CN101457934B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| CN2008102206361A Active CN101457934B (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Plasma incineration waste treatment equipment |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7832344B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Peat International, Inc. | Method and apparatus of treating waste |
| EP2452123A1 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2012-05-16 | Peat International, INC. | Apparatus for treating waste |
| CN102211105A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Household garbage preprocessing process used for plasma gasification generating |
| CN102350432B (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-10-02 | 南京大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization system for solid waste processing based on arc plasma |
| CN102644923A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-22 | 北京环卫集团环境研究发展有限公司 | Household garbage and burning fly ash joint-disposal method and equipment |
| CN102873075B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-10-08 | 黄达尖 | Device capable of utilizing plasma for power generation and processing pollutants |
| CN111112301A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | System and method for treating waste photovoltaic cell panel by using plasma technology |
| CN113175674B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-08-19 | 安徽中泰创展环境科技有限公司 | Domestic waste pyrolysis oven and energy recuperation device |
| CN113803725A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-17 | 歙县绿源环保设备有限公司 | Small garbage incinerator with additional bypass garbage preheating channel |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201331065Y (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-10-21 | 广州广船国际股份有限公司 | Plasma body incineration refuse treating device |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201331065Y (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-10-21 | 广州广船国际股份有限公司 | Plasma body incineration refuse treating device |
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Address after: 510382 No. 40, South Fangcun Road, Fangcun District, Guangdong, Guangzhou Patentee after: CSSC OFFSHORE & MARINE ENGINEERING (Group) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510382 No. 40, South Fangcun Road, Fangcun District, Guangdong, Guangzhou Patentee before: GUANGZHOU SHIPYARD INTERNATIONAL Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20160309 Address after: 511462 Nansha District, Guangzhou, Pearl River Management District, West Road, No., the first floor of the layer on the ground floor, No. 68 Patentee after: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510382 No. 40, South Fangcun Road, Fangcun District, Guangdong, Guangzhou Patentee before: CSSC OFFSHORE & MARINE ENGINEERING (Group) Co.,Ltd. |