CN102358851B - Horizontal plasma garbage gasification reaction chamber and gasification technology thereof - Google Patents
Horizontal plasma garbage gasification reaction chamber and gasification technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102358851B CN102358851B CN 201110255983 CN201110255983A CN102358851B CN 102358851 B CN102358851 B CN 102358851B CN 201110255983 CN201110255983 CN 201110255983 CN 201110255983 A CN201110255983 A CN 201110255983A CN 102358851 B CN102358851 B CN 102358851B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a horizontal plasma garbage gasification reaction chamber and a gasification technology thereof. The reaction chamber comprises an automatic loading apparatus, a primary gasification zone, a plasma reaction zone, an automatic ignition device, a furnace temperature monitoring system, a furnace level monitoring system, an inlet and outlet gas temperature monitoring system, an inlet and outlet gas pressure monitoring system and a flame monitoring system. The primary gasification zone is provided with a rasping moving grate, a chain type adjusting and self-levelling apparatus; and the plasma reaction zone is a fission structure comprising a second thining zone and a gas fining cell. The gasification technology comprises the following steps of: automatic loading; primary gasification; plasma second thining; and plasma gas refining. According to the invention, gas is generated from calorific value of the garbage; the generated gas and slag are further processed by aplasma torch to remove harmful substances therein and increase gas output, reduce waste residue discharge, lower one-time investment cost and operating cost of garbage gasification and purify the gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestic refuse plasma (orifice) gas elelctrochemical power generation technology, relate in particular to a kind of horizontal plasma refuse gasification reaction chamber and gasifying process thereof.
Background technology
China's domestic rubbish disposal mode mainly is landfill and burning.Landfill is is not only occupied a large amount of soils, goes back polluted underground water, is the selection of doing something against one's will.However, can use for landfill for few of place, the area of land resources anxiety.Though burning method volume reduction ratio height, and energy recovered energy suffer that Yin pollution problems such as dioxin the public comes down hard upon, are badly in need of the environmental protection of development a new generation, energy-saving and cost-reducing alternative incineration technology.
Plasma body is material the 4th attitude, has many physicochemical property that differ from solid-state, liquid state and gasiform uniqueness, all very high as temperature and energy density, can conduct electricity and luminous, chemical property active and can strengthen chemical reaction etc., environmental-protecting performance is good.
The plasma waste treatment technology starts from the initial stage in the 1970's, is mainly used in cool waste, chemical weapons and conventional weapon at first and destroys, and enters civilian in generation nineteen ninety.Because plasma apparatus is with high content of technology, invest hugely, the running cost height is used for destroying polychlorobiphenyl (PCBs), POPs, Hazardous wastess such as agricultural chemicals, flying ash and clinical waste give up more.Over past ten years, along with the development of technology, cost is controlled gradually, and government is to the attention of refuse treatment problem and the raising of public's environmental consciousness, and the technology of Cement Composite Treated by Plasma domestic refuse also becomes the domestic and international research focus gradually.
Family surplus the unit that the plasma waste Processing Technology Research is engaged in the present whole world has 20, technology also is in business-like threshold stage, and majority does not reach the practicability stage.Present stage, employed technology all was that the using plasma torch carries out direct high-temperature gasification to rubbish, by the plasma body of arc-over generation up to 7000 ℃, rubbish is heated to very high temperature, thereby destroys refuse quickly and effectively.The abundant pyrolysis gasification of combustible organic composition changes into inflammable gas, can be used for the generating or as combustible gas, (main component is CO+H to be commonly referred to as " synthetic gas "
2).Non-flammable inorganic components becomes harmless slag body after plasma high-temperature is handled.
Yet the plasma refuse gasification technology of present stage still has many weak points, at first, need greatly power with plasma torch direct gasification rubbish, its specific power consumption can reach the 30%-45% of its electricity generation ability, because the too high operation cost that causes of power consumption increases greatly, make it not possess commercial off-the-shelf and be worth.Its two, this method gasification rubbish, follow-up gas purification process also needs Jia dioxin treatment unit, has increased disposable input in advance, and its equipment cost is significantly improved.The 3rd, use plasma torch direct gasification rubbish, because its temperature field skewness makes rubbish not have a large amount of De dioxin and other objectionable impuritiess in the waste residue of discharge fully by pyroprocessing, cause the processing of its waste residue to become a difficult problem again.
Summary of the invention
In view of existing in prior technology the problems referred to above, the present invention is intended to disclose a kind of horizontal plasma refuse gasification reaction chamber and gasifying process thereof, utilize the calorific value of rubbish itself to produce combustion gas, re-use plasma torch the combustion gas and the slag that are produced are further processed, remove contained objectionable impurities in it, and strengthen gas yield, reduce waste sludge discharge, reduced the disposable input cost and the operation cost of refuse gasification, and made combustion gas purer, used meaning and promotional value thereby have more.
The solution of the technology of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of horizontal plasma refuse gasification reaction chamber, comprise material level monitoring system in feeding device, elementary gasification zone, portfire and furnace temperature Monitoring systems, the stove, import and export gas temperature Monitoring systems, inlet and outlet pressure Monitoring systems and flame monitoring system, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise the plasma reaction district;
Described feeding device is an automatic charging device, is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone, comprises two-stage slide valve, a feed bin and a high low level monitoring material position device, and described feed bin is between the two-stage slide valve, and high low level Charge level measurer is positioned at its feed bin inside;
Be provided with in the described elementary gasification zone and frustrate dynamic formula grate, chain-conveyer furnace and be in harmonious proportion automatic apparatus for leveling, the inlet mouth of elementary gasification zone is arranged between described grate and stove transfer, and the air outlet is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone;
The described dynamic formula grate of frustrating is rectangular structure, is arranged at the middle part of elementary gasification zone, is double-layer separate body structure up and down; Lower floor's grate is a dead grate, be fixedly connected on lower floor's grate baffle plate by the even parallel placement of a plurality of stainless steel tooth bars and by its two ends and form, the cross section of described tooth bar is that side is a circular arc, last bottom is a collinear arc limit parallelogram, and described dead grate is fixed on the refractory wall of described elementary gasification zone; The upper strata grate is movable grate, by a plurality of cross sections is that the even parallel placement of leg-of-mutton stainless steel tooth bar and be fixedly connected on the grate baffle plate of upper strata by its two ends forms, and described upper strata grate is connected with hydraulic pushing device and frustrates about under the latter's the effect; Under the state of not frustrating, the described tip of the tooth bar of grate up and down offsets, and whole grate does not have the slit; The upper strata grate under the hydraulic pushing device effect under lower floor's grate tooth bar direction state of frustrating, the negative side of frustrating forms the 20-500mm space; Be described grate when work of frustrating, the drop grate action according to the raw material size, promotes the 20-500mm distance left under hydraulic pushing device drives, promote same distance more to the right, even raw material is cracked and drain into next system from the space.
Described chain-conveyer furnace is transposed in the bottom of elementary gasification zone;
Described automatic apparatus for leveling comprises power section and tenderizer; Described power section is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone, is made up of hydraulic pushing device and reducing motor; Described tenderizer is positioned at inside, elementary gasification zone, comprises that suit is fixed in the leveling pivoted arm on the central shaft; The cylinder head of described hydraulic pushing device is connected with reducing motor, and the output terminal of reducing motor is connected with central shaft, the central lines of the output shaft of described central shaft, reducing motor and the medullary ray of cylinder head and described gasification zone;
Described portfire is an automatic firing mechanism, is positioned at middle part, described elementary gasification zone, and the top of described grate comprises oil gun, lighter for ignition and propulsion system;
Described plasma reaction district is by secondary refinement district and dimerous minute body structure of gas fining cell, and internal diameter is 800～2000mm;
Described secondary refinement district top slag inlet is connected in the slag-drip opening of bottom, elementary gasification zone via star-like dumper, three plasma torchs are installed on bed of material top, bottom, two superfineization districts and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described two superfineization districts each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, the bottom is provided with slag-drip opening, and the middle part sets out gas port and is connected in the inlet mouth in gas refinement district by air delivering pipeline;
Described gas refinement district is positioned over the top of elementary gasification zone, the inlet mouth in gas refinement district is connected with the air outlet of elementary gasification zone, three plasma torchs are installed on necking top, bottom, described gas refinement district and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described gas refinement district each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, and described necking diameter is 200mm.
Material level monitoring system is made up of 2 microwave charge level detectors in the stove, is installed on the bed of material top in the elementary gasification zone; The out temperature detection system is installed on gas feed transfer lime and outlet delivery spout place; The inlet and outlet pressure Monitoring systems is installed on gas feed transfer lime and outlet transfer lime place.
Described furnace temperature Monitoring systems comprises 4-16 thermopair, is uniformly distributed in the described elementary gasification zone.
Further, the flame retardant coating of described elementary gasification zone is built by the pure aluminium silicate refractory concrete and is formed, and thermal insulation layer is formed by the ceramic fiber parcel; The flame retardant coating in described gas refinement district is built by the carbon fiber refractory concrete and formed, and is peripheral by stainless steel and ceramic fiber thermal insulation layer parcel.
Further, the stroke of the hydraulic pushing device of described automatic apparatus for leveling is 50-500mm, and the rotating speed of described reducing motor is 5-20rpm.
The refuse gasification technology of described gasification reactor chamber comprises the steps:
(a) automatic charging: enter automatical feeding system through pretreated garbage raw material, the first road slide valve is opened, raw material enters feed bin, when the monitoring material position device detects high signal, the first road slide valve cuts out, and the second road slide valve is opened afterwards, and raw material enters elementary gasification zone, when the monitoring material position device detected the low level signal, the second road slide valve cut out;
(b) elementary gasification: after the pretreated garbage raw material of process enters elementary gasification zone, after the microwave material position monitor detects high signal, stop charging, flatten by automatic apparatus for leveling, lighted a fire by auto-ignition system afterwards, after the flame monitoring apparatus monitoring flame hit the target, oil gun withdraws from burner hearth, the atmosphere closed tube is closed, and begins gasification; Gasification is an anoxycausis, air demand is the 28-35% of perfect combustion, raw material in the wherein elementary gasification zone is divided into 5 layers, be respectively drying layer, pyrolytic layer, zone of oxidation, reducing zone, ash layers, the furnace temperature Monitoring systems is uninterruptedly transmitted the temperature of each bed of material to supervisory control desk, by the action of air input control and apparatus for leveling is controlled and adjusted 5 aspects in the stove, form slag and gas mixture;
In this process, the reaction of each aspect is as follows
1. drying layer, temperature reaches 100 ℃ approximately
This layer carries out drying by 200 ℃ air and water vapour to material, extracts the H in the material
2O generates water vapour.
2. pyrolytic layer and zone of combustion, about 500 ℃～1000 ℃ of temperature
Principal reaction:
A：CH
1.4O
0.6+0.6O
2+1.6N
2→0.7CO+0.6H
2+0.3CO
2+0.1H
2O+1.6N
2
B：CH
1.6O
0.6+0.4H
2O→CO+1.1H
2
C：C+O
2→CO
2
D：C+CO→CO
2
The resultant partial oxidation that this layer reacts by biomass material and devolatilization, and discharge a large amount of heats, regional temperature is promoted to more than 1000 degrees centigrade, generate CO, H
2, CO
2, H
2O.
3. reducing zone, about 850 ℃ of temperature
Principal reaction:
A:C+CO
2→ 2CO (reduction reaction)
B:C+H
2O → CO+H
2(reduction reaction)
C:CH
1.6O
0.6+ 0.4H
2O → CO+1.1H
2(oxidizing reaction)
This layer is the anaerobic reaction zone, and these reactions are reduced to 750-800 ℃ with the temperature of siege, anyly above siege, generate, and remaining tar will be by pyrolysis at this, and further increase the gas production rate of mixed gas,
CH
1.6O
0.6+0.4H
2O→CO+1.1H
2
The carbonic acid gas that part generates in flame pyrolysis reacts with the molten damage of close-burning generation carbon at this, and increases the energy density of output mixed gas
C+CO
2→2CO
The water vapour that part generates in dry and flame pyrolysis process makes hydrogen content increase in the mixed gas again with the close-burning reaction
C+H
2O→CO+H
2。
4. ash layers
Under reducing zone, be exactly the ashes collecting regions.At set intervals, ashes gather the vapourizing furnace bottom just by fire grate.
(c) plasma secondary refinement: oarse-grained solid recrement and coking lime-ash that elementary gasification forms, frustrate the dynamic formula grate frustrate and squeezing action under oarse-grained slag become the small-particle slag and is smoothly discharged to chain-conveyer furnace and transfers, and the slag-drip opening that is transported to elementary gasification zone enters plasma secondary refinement district via star-like dumper, be 120 ° of angles mutually by three plasma torchs, be 45 with ground level, coordinating with steam rapid heat cycle carries out Pintsch process to slag, utilize more than 6000 ℃ high temperature with unreacted in the slag completely organism gasify once more, produce CO and H
2, and remove De dioxin and furans in the slag, and remaining the slag of 1/125-1/100 at last, its composition is the inorganics and the metal of molten state, discharges by dreg removing system;
In this process, following reaction takes place:
A spot of secondary oxidizer is injected in the middle of the mixed gas from the grate below, and further reduces the coal-tar middle oil content of gas, increases hydrogen content and total gas yield.
C+O
2→CO
2
C+H
2O→CO+H
2
2CO+O
2→2CO
2
C+CO
2→2CO
(d) plasma gas refining: the gas mixture that elementary gasification and secondary refinement are produced, deliver to the plasma gas fining cell by transport pipe respectively, handle by undergauge the fining cell bottom, make combustion gas because its inertia effect forms the column of smoke of a diameter 100-200mm, three plasma torchs are 120 ° of angles mutually, be 45 with ground level, be uniformly distributed in around the column of smoke, form the flame core zone of diameter 150-300mm, gas is carried out the high temperature refining, utilize the high temperature heat more than 6000 ℃ to destroy gas Zhong dioxin, the chemical bond of objectionable impurities such as furans and wood tar oil, it is decomposed fully, and after cooling, can not regroup, gas enters filtration unit afterwards.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows conspicuous:
At first, the present invention utilizes the calorific value of rubbish itself to carry out anoxycausis, and combustion gas and the slag to its generation carries out the plasma pyroprocessing afterwards, greatly reduces power consumption like this, the specific power consumption of this equipment of making only is 10% of production capacity, makes it have higher operation and is worth.
Secondly, the combustion gas that the present invention utilizes the plasma torch pyroprocessing to be produced, but the place to go of safety and stability objectionable impurities such as De dioxin wherein need not to increase the dioxin treatment facility in subsequent technique, greatly reduce disposable input in advance, make it have the higher market competitiveness.
The 3rd, the slag that the present invention utilizes the plasma torch pyroprocessing to discharge, the one, can significantly increase volume reduction ratio, reduce the waste sludge discharge amount, the 2nd, can the removal slag of stability and high efficiency in objectionable impurities such as contained De dioxin, slag is turned waste into wealth, can be used as high performance refractory materials.
The 4th, the dynamic formula stove accent of frustrating in the horizontal elementary vapourizing furnace separates incendiary high temperature raw material and chain-conveyer furnace accent, and the slag after only temperature being reduced drains into chain-conveyer furnace and transfers, the working temperature that chain-conveyer furnace is transferred reduces, not fragile, this design can reduce maintenance cost, reduces running cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the structure of feeding device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of frustrating the dynamic formula grate.Among the figure,
111 automatic charging devices, 1111,1113 one-levels, secondary slide valve 1113 feed bins
112 elementary gasification zones
114 star-like dumpers
115 frustrate dynamic formula grate 1151 upper strata grates 1152 lower floor's grates
116 chain-conveyer furnaces are transferred
The plasma torch of 12 plasma gas fining cells, 121 plasma gas fining cells
The plasma torch in 131 plasma secondary refinement districts, 13 plasma secondary refinement districts
Embodiment
A kind of horizontal plasma refuse gasification reaction chamber, as shown in Figure 1, comprise material level monitoring system in automatic charging device 111, elementary gasification zone 112, automatic firing mechanism, plasma reaction district and furnace temperature Monitoring systems, the stove, import and export gas temperature Monitoring systems, inlet and outlet pressure Monitoring systems and flame monitoring system;
Described automatic charging device 111, be positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone 112, as shown in Figure 2, comprise two- stage slide valve 1111 and 1113, feed bins 1112 and a high low level monitoring material position device, described feed bin 1112 is between two- stage slide valve 1111 and 1113, and high low level Charge level measurer is positioned at its feed bin 1112 inside;
Be provided with in the described elementary gasification zone 112 and frustrate dynamic formula grate 115, chain-conveyer furnace accent 116 and automatic apparatus for leveling, the inlet mouth of elementary gasification zone 112 is arranged at described grate 115 and stove is transferred between 116, and the air outlet is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone 112; The flame retardant coating of elementary gasification zone 112 is built by the pure aluminium silicate refractory concrete and is formed, and thermal insulation layer is formed by the ceramic fiber parcel.
The described dynamic formula grate 115 of frustrating is rectangular structure, is arranged at the middle part of elementary gasification zone 112, as shown in Figure 3, is double-layer separate body structure up and down; Lower floor's grate 1152 is dead grates, be fixedly connected on lower floor's grate baffle plate by the even parallel placement of a plurality of stainless steel tooth bars and by its two ends and form, the cross section of described tooth bar is that side is a circular arc, last bottom is a collinear arc limit parallelogram, and described dead grate is fixed on the refractory wall of described elementary gasification zone; The upper strata grate is movable grate, by a plurality of cross sections is that the even parallel placement of leg-of-mutton stainless steel tooth bar and be fixedly connected on the grate baffle plate of upper strata by its two ends forms, and described upper strata grate is connected with hydraulic pushing device and frustrates about under the latter's the effect; Under the state of not frustrating, the described tip of the tooth bar of grate up and down offsets, and whole grate does not have the slit; The upper strata grate under the hydraulic pushing device effect under lower floor's grate tooth bar direction state of frustrating, the negative side of frustrating forms the 20-500mm space; Be described grate when work of frustrating, the drop grate action according to the raw material size, promotes the 20-500mm distance left under hydraulic pushing device drives, promote same distance more to the right, even raw material is cracked and drain into next system from the space.
Described chain-conveyer furnace accent 116 is positioned at the bottom of elementary gasification zone 112;
Described automatic apparatus for leveling comprises power section and tenderizer; Described power section is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone, is made up of hydraulic pushing device and reducing motor; Described tenderizer is positioned at inside, elementary gasification zone, comprises that suit is fixed in the leveling pivoted arm on the central shaft; The cylinder head of described hydraulic pushing device is connected with reducing motor, and the output terminal of reducing motor is connected with central shaft, the central lines of the output shaft of described central shaft, reducing motor and the medullary ray of cylinder head and described gasification zone; The stroke of the hydraulic pushing device of described automatic apparatus for leveling is 50-500mm, and the rotating speed of described reducing motor is 5-20rpm.
Described automatic firing mechanism is positioned at middle part, described elementary gasification zone, and the top of described grate comprises the automatic firing mechanism that 3 covers are made of oil gun, lighter for ignition and propulsion system;
Described plasma reaction district is by secondary refinement district 13 and 12 dimerous minutes body structures of gas fining cell, and internal diameter is 1000mm;
Described secondary refinement district 13 top slag inlets are connected in the slag-drip opening of 112 bottoms, elementary gasification zone via star-like dumper 114, three plasma torchs 131 are installed on bed of material top, 13 bottom, two superfineization districts and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described two superfineization districts 13 each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, the bottom is provided with slag-drip opening, and the middle part sets out gas port and connects the inlet mouth in gas refinement district 12 by air delivering pipeline through the air outlet of elementary gasification zone;
Described gas refinement district 12 is positioned over the top of elementary gasification zone 111, the inlet mouth in gas refinement district 12 is connected with the air outlet of elementary gasification zone 111, three plasma torchs 121 are installed on necking top, 12 bottom, described gas refinement district and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described gas refinement district 12 each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, and described necking diameter is 200mm.The flame retardant coating in gas refinement district 12 is built by the carbon fiber refractory concrete and formed, and is peripheral by stainless steel and ceramic fiber thermal insulation layer parcel.
Material level monitoring system is made up of 2 microwave charge level detectors in the stove, is installed on the bed of material top in the elementary gasification zone; The out temperature detection system is installed on gas feed transfer lime and outlet delivery spout place; The inlet and outlet pressure Monitoring systems is installed on gas feed transfer lime and outlet transfer lime place; The furnace temperature Monitoring systems comprises 12 thermopairs, is uniformly distributed in the described elementary gasification zone.
The refuse gasification technology of described gasification reactor chamber comprises the steps:
(a) automatic charging: enter automatical feeding system through pretreated garbage raw material, the first road slide valve is opened, raw material enters feed bin, when the monitoring material position device detects high signal, the first road slide valve cuts out, and the second road slide valve is opened afterwards, and raw material enters elementary gasification zone, when the monitoring material position device detected the low level signal, the second road slide valve cut out;
(b) elementary gasification: after the pretreated garbage raw material of process enters elementary gasification zone, after the microwave material position monitor detects high signal, stop charging, flatten by automatic apparatus for leveling, lighted a fire by auto-ignition system afterwards, after the flame monitoring apparatus monitoring flame hit the target, oil gun withdraws from burner hearth, the atmosphere closed tube is closed, and begins gasification; Gasification is an anoxycausis, air demand is 30% of perfect combustion, raw material in the wherein elementary gasification zone is divided into 5 layers, be respectively drying layer, pyrolytic layer, zone of oxidation, reducing zone, ash layers, the furnace temperature Monitoring systems is uninterruptedly transmitted the temperature of each bed of material to supervisory control desk, by the action of air input control and apparatus for leveling is controlled and adjusted 5 aspects in the stove, form slag and gas mixture;
(c) plasma secondary refinement: oarse-grained solid recrement and coking lime-ash that elementary gasification forms, frustrate the dynamic formula grate frustrate and squeezing action under oarse-grained slag become the small-particle slag and is smoothly discharged to chain-conveyer furnace and transfers, and the slag-drip opening that is transported to elementary gasification zone enters plasma secondary refinement district via star-like dumper, be 120 ° of angles mutually by three plasma torchs, be 45 with ground level, coordinating with steam rapid heat cycle carries out Pintsch process to slag, utilize more than 6000 ℃ high temperature with unreacted in the slag completely organism gasify once more, produce CO and H
2, and remove De dioxin and furans in the slag, and remaining 1/120 slag at last, its composition is the inorganics and the metal of molten state, discharges by dreg removing system;
(d) plasma gas refining: the gas mixture that elementary gasification and secondary refinement are produced, deliver to the plasma gas fining cell by transport pipe respectively, handle by undergauge the fining cell bottom, make combustion gas because its inertia effect forms the column of smoke of a diameter 200mm, three plasma torchs are 120 ° of angles mutually, be 45 with ground level, be uniformly distributed in around the column of smoke, form the flame core zone of diameter 300mm, gas is carried out the high temperature refining, utilize the high temperature heat more than 6000 ℃ to destroy gas Zhong dioxin, the chemical bond of objectionable impurities such as furans and wood tar oil decomposes it fully, and after cooling, can not regroup, gas enters filtration unit afterwards.
The above; only be the preferable embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with in the technical scope that those skilled in the art the present invention discloses; be equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. horizontal plasma refuse gasification reaction chamber, comprise material level monitoring system in feeding device, elementary gasification zone, portfire and furnace temperature Monitoring systems, the stove, import and export gas temperature Monitoring systems, inlet and outlet pressure Monitoring systems and flame monitoring system, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise the plasma reaction district;
Described feeding device is an automatic charging device, is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone, comprises two-stage slide valve, a feed bin and a high low level monitoring material position device, and described feed bin is between the two-stage slide valve, and high low level Charge level measurer is positioned at its feed bin inside;
Be provided with in the described elementary gasification zone and frustrate dynamic formula grate, chain-conveyer furnace and be in harmonious proportion automatic apparatus for leveling, the inlet mouth of elementary gasification zone is arranged at described frustrating between dynamic formula grate and stove transfer, and the air outlet is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone;
The described dynamic formula grate of frustrating is rectangular structure, is arranged at the middle part of elementary gasification zone, is double-layer separate body structure up and down; Lower floor's grate is a dead grate, be fixedly connected on lower floor's grate baffle plate by the even parallel placement of a plurality of stainless steel tooth bars and by its two ends and form, the cross section of described tooth bar is that side is a circular arc, last bottom is a collinear arc limit parallelogram, and described dead grate is fixed on the refractory wall of described elementary gasification zone; The upper strata grate is movable grate, by a plurality of cross sections is that the even parallel placement of leg-of-mutton stainless steel tooth bar and be fixedly connected on the grate baffle plate of upper strata by its two ends forms, and described upper strata grate is connected with hydraulic pushing device and frustrates about under the latter's the effect; Under the state of not frustrating, the described tip of the tooth bar of grate up and down offsets, and whole grate does not have the slit; The upper strata grate under the hydraulic pushing device effect under lower floor's grate tooth bar direction state of frustrating, the negative side of frustrating forms the space;
Described chain-conveyer furnace is transposed in the bottom of elementary gasification zone;
Described automatic apparatus for leveling comprises power section and tenderizer; Described power section is positioned at the top of elementary gasification zone, is made up of hydraulic pushing device and reducing motor; Described tenderizer is positioned at inside, elementary gasification zone, comprises that suit is fixed in the leveling pivoted arm on the central shaft; The cylinder head of described hydraulic pushing device is connected with reducing motor, and the output terminal of reducing motor is connected with central shaft, the central lines of the output shaft of described central shaft, reducing motor and the medullary ray of cylinder head and described gasification zone;
Described portfire is an automatic firing mechanism, is positioned at middle part, described elementary gasification zone, and described top of frustrating the dynamic formula grate comprises oil gun, lighter for ignition and propulsion system;
Described plasma reaction district is that internal diameter is 800～2000mm by secondary refinement district and dimerous minute body structure of gas fining cell;
Described secondary refinement district top slag inlet is connected in the slag-drip opening of bottom, elementary gasification zone via star-like dumper, three plasma torchs are installed on bed of material top, bottom, two superfineization districts and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described two superfineization districts each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, the bottom is provided with slag-drip opening, and the middle part sets out gas port and is connected in the inlet mouth in gas refinement district by air delivering pipeline;
Described gas refinement district is positioned over the top of elementary gasification zone, the inlet mouth in gas refinement district is connected with the air outlet of elementary gasification zone, three plasma torchs are installed on necking top, bottom, described gas refinement district and are positioned at same horizontal plane and are 120 ° of angles around described gas refinement district each other and are 45 ° of angles with ground, and described necking diameter is 100-200mm.
2. gasification reactor chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The flame retardant coating of described elementary gasification zone is built by the pure aluminium silicate refractory concrete and is formed, and thermal insulation layer is formed by the ceramic fiber parcel; The flame retardant coating in described gas refinement district is built by the carbon fiber refractory concrete and formed, and is peripheral by stainless steel and ceramic fiber thermal insulation layer parcel.
3. gasification reactor chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The stroke of the hydraulic pushing device of described automatic apparatus for leveling is 50-500mm, and the rotating speed of described reducing motor is 5-20rpm.
4. gasification reactor chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described furnace temperature Monitoring systems comprises 4-16 thermopair, is uniformly distributed in the described elementary gasification zone.
5. the refuse gasification technology of a gasification reactor chamber as claimed in claim 1 comprises the steps:
(a) automatic charging: enter automatical feeding system through pretreated garbage raw material, the first road slide valve is opened, raw material enters feed bin, when the monitoring material position device detects high signal, the first road slide valve cuts out, and the second road slide valve is opened afterwards, and raw material enters elementary gasification zone, when the monitoring material position device detected the low level signal, the second road slide valve cut out;
(b) elementary gasification: after the pretreated garbage raw material of process enters elementary gasification zone, after the microwave material position monitor detects high signal, stop charging, flatten by automatic apparatus for leveling, lighted a fire by auto-ignition system afterwards, after the flame monitoring apparatus monitoring flame hit the target, oil gun withdraws from burner hearth, the atmosphere closed tube is closed, and begins gasification; Gasification is an anoxycausis, air demand is the 28-35% of perfect combustion, raw material in the wherein elementary gasification zone is divided into 5 layers, be respectively drying layer, pyrolytic layer, zone of oxidation, reducing zone, ash layers, the furnace temperature Monitoring systems is uninterruptedly transmitted the temperature of each bed of material to supervisory control desk, by the action of air input control and apparatus for leveling is controlled and adjusted 5 aspects in the stove, form slag and gas mixture;
(c) plasma secondary refinement: oarse-grained solid recrement and coking lime-ash that elementary gasification forms, frustrate the dynamic formula grate frustrate and squeezing action under oarse-grained slag become the small-particle slag and is smoothly discharged to chain-conveyer furnace and transfers, and the slag-drip opening that is transported to elementary gasification zone enters plasma secondary refinement district via star-like dumper, be 120 ° of angles mutually by three plasma torchs, be 45 with ground level, coordinating with steam rapid heat cycle carries out Pintsch process to slag, utilize more than 6000 ℃ high temperature with unreacted in the slag completely organism gasify once more, produce CO and H
2, and remove De dioxin and furans in the slag, and remaining the slag of 1/125-1/100 at last, its composition is the inorganics and the metal of molten state, discharges by dreg removing system;
(d) plasma gas refining: the gas mixture that elementary gasification and secondary refinement are produced, deliver to the plasma gas fining cell by transport pipe respectively, handle by undergauge the fining cell bottom, make combustion gas because its inertia effect forms the column of smoke of a diameter 100-200mm, three plasma torchs are 120 ° of angles mutually, be 45 with ground level, be uniformly distributed in around the column of smoke, form the flame core zone of diameter 150-300mm, gas is carried out the high temperature refining, utilize the high temperature heat more than 6000 ℃ to destroy gas Zhong dioxin, the chemical bond of furans and wood tar oil objectionable impurities, it is decomposed fully, and after cooling, can not regroup, gas enters filtration unit afterwards.
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| EP2660302A1 (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-11-06 | GS Platech Co., Ltd. | Gasification melting furnace and treating method for combustible material using the same |
| KR20230051311A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2023-04-17 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | Controller for treatment of semiconductor processing equipment effluent |
| CN104449871A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-25 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Gasification system for plasma-assisted garbage fluidized bed |
| CN105018148B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-10-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of sleeve-type plasma gasification reacting furnace and its technique |
| CN105925289B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2019-09-13 | 陕西首信实业有限公司 | A kind of combined vaporizing destructive distillation prepares low tar gas combustion apparatus |
| CN112899028A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 江苏信科能源有限公司 | Improved biomass gasification furnace with dry slag discharge and continuous feeding functions |
| CN112899029A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 江苏信科能源有限公司 | Improved generation differential revolving bed continuous feed biomass gasification stove |
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| CN102061196A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Power generation method and device adopting plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass |
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| CN101735011A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-16 | 周开根 | Process for gasification-liquefaction disposal of domestic garbage and organic waste |
| CN102061196A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Power generation method and device adopting plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass |
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