CN101443562B - 间隙孔切削螺钉 - Google Patents

间隙孔切削螺钉 Download PDF

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CN101443562B
CN101443562B CN2007800174209A CN200780017420A CN101443562B CN 101443562 B CN101443562 B CN 101443562B CN 2007800174209 A CN2007800174209 A CN 2007800174209A CN 200780017420 A CN200780017420 A CN 200780017420A CN 101443562 B CN101443562 B CN 101443562B
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screw
wing
edge part
bar
cutter arrangement
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CN101443562A (zh
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克里斯托弗·约翰·马利特
戴维·柯林森
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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ITW Australia Pty Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/10Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3605Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported directly by the roof structure
    • E04D3/3606Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported directly by the roof structure the fastening means being screws or nails
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0031Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the screw being designed to be screwed into different materials, e.g. a layered structure or through metallic and wooden parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0089Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw the screw having wings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0241Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread with the possibility for the connection to absorb deformation, e.g. thermal or vibrational

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于将半刚性板材料紧固到衬底的螺钉,该螺钉具有与螺杆一体形成的刀具装置,用于在板上切相对于螺杆的间隙孔,以在使用中的板和杆之间调节热运动,该刀具装置包括多个围绕杆的轴线间隔开的翼,每一个翼具有切削刃,该切削刃一般在杆的纵向方向上延伸且向前指向螺钉的驱动旋转方向。

Description

间隙孔切削螺钉 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将板材(sheet material)紧固到衬底的螺钉,特别涉及一种用于固定聚碳酸酯的屋顶板和墙壁覆层、纤维加强塑料和其它具有相对高的热膨胀系数的塑料材料和非塑料材料的螺钉。 
背景技术
用在例如屋顶和墙壁覆层的建筑构造中的例如聚碳酸酯板或纤维加强塑料板的半刚性塑料板比相应的钢板具有显著高的热膨胀系数。在将这样的板通过螺钉紧固到例如木质或金属的板条或檩时,推荐的是螺杆穿过带有足够间隙的板开始膨胀和收缩板以避免通过与螺钉的过盈配合屈曲和可能损坏板。在应用紧固螺钉之前,板可以被预先钻上足够直径的间隙孔,为了加速安装,比较称心的是用带有嵌入设备的自钻螺钉提供足够直径的间隙孔以调节板的热运动。为了切削间隙孔,已经有多个用于在螺杆上结合整体刀具的先前的提议。这些先前的提议对以下产品不完全地令人满意:可以容易地被制造的产品、可以切削合适直径的清洁圆孔的产品、容易地允许类橡胶组件将垫圈密封在螺杆上以位于螺钉的头部和围绕孔的板的外表面之间的产品。 
发明内容
根据本发明,提供一种用于将半刚性板材紧固到衬底上的螺钉,该螺钉具有与螺杆一体形成的刀具装置(cutter arrangement),用于在板上切削相对于螺杆的间隙孔,以在使用中的板和杆之间调节(accommodate)热运动,该刀具装置包括多个围绕杆的轴线间隔开的翼,每一个翼具有切削刃(cutting edge),该切削刃沿杆的纵向方向延伸且向前指向螺钉的驱动旋转方向。 
有利地,该螺钉为自钻螺钉。 
在优选的实施例中,所述翼在杆的螺纹之外的头端部处的杆的一部分上形成。每一个翼基本上是平面形状并且它的切削刃在朝着螺钉头部的方向上从杆向外逐渐地分开。有利地,翼的平面,从而它的切削刃相对于杆的轴线倾斜以 产生在切削期间趋向于不引起板变平的切削动作。最好,与杆轴线的倾斜角在2.5°至20°的范围内。 
在改进中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,刀具装置在切削期间已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉的头部,在这种情况下,该切口延伸穿过翼的切削刃以围绕正在切削的孔接收板的所述边缘部。这特别有利于使用聚碳酸酯板,该聚碳酸酯板比纤维加强塑料板稍微柔软且更易弯曲。 
附图说明
现在,通过例子并结合附图描述本发明的实施例,其中: 
图1是根据本发明的优选实施例的螺钉的透视图; 
图2是显示螺钉钻孔部的放大图; 
图3是显示在螺钉的头端部的切削翼的排列的放大图; 
图4是省略密封垫圈的图1的螺钉的侧视图; 
图5是显示切削翼的倾斜角的示意性放大图; 
图6是沿着图4的D-D线的放大的断片截面; 
图7是更详细地显示切削刃的穿过切削翼的剖面图; 
图8是在安装进板期间的螺钉的视图; 
图9是与图8相似的视图,但显示安装时的螺钉; 
图10是显示刀具装置的改进型断片视图; 
图11显示图10的细节。 
具体实施方式
附图中显示的螺钉是自钻螺钉。在图示的实施例中,螺钉的钻孔部2具有我们的专利719725中描述的形式,适于固定木材或相对薄的金属板条。用于固定大约1.5mm以上厚度的金属檩的其它实施例将具有常规形式的凹槽金属钻孔部。正如我们的专利719725中描述的那样,在图示的实施例中,螺纹延伸过钻孔部2的凹槽区域,然而,在具有常规金属钻孔部的实施例中,螺纹开始于邻近凹槽部分的内端部。可以理解,本发明不是被限制在钻孔部的这些形式的一个或其它的使用,适于使用的其它钻孔部也可以选择使用,例如17型的钻孔部。 
螺纹沿着螺杆延伸部分路径,终止于不到头部。切削翼4的排列形成在杆上,并位于邻近螺纹的近端。翼4用作在板上切削比螺杆间隙孔更大直径的间隙孔。翼4围绕杆的轴线等角度间隔开,并且以图示的形式有两个这样的径向相对的翼,但其它排列是可能的。每一个翼基本上是平面形,并且有利地,它的平面倾斜于杆的轴线,以致于它的外端(它的邻近螺纹的端部)在驱动螺钉旋转的方向上引导它的内端(它的靠近头部的端部)。这在图5中示意性的显示。优选地,倾斜角是在大约2.5°至20°的范围内,特别优选大约8°的倾斜角。翼的形状在深度上从它的外端的0到它的内端的最大值逐渐增加。由此,翼设有外部边缘,该外部边缘在朝着螺钉头部的方向上径向向外倾斜,该边缘被成形为提供锋利的切削刃6,该切削刃6在驱动螺钉旋转的方向上向前延伸。该切削刃6在图6和图7的放大截面视图中显示。向前地指向翼的引导面的这种切削刃在螺钉旋转时在板中提供锋利、清洁的切削。值得注意的是,这和某些先前设计相反,在先前设计中,所谓的切削翼实际上在屋顶板中磨损或摩擦孔,这导致粗糙和不均匀的间隙孔,该间隙孔不可能是推荐的尺寸以适应(accommodate)板的热运动范围。 
翼4切入板的速度由螺钉进入下层板条或檩的速度决定,这由螺纹的螺距决定。为了保证翼切入板而不是在板上冲孔或撕裂孔,需要控制螺钉的穿透速度,这需要相对好的螺纹,典型地,每英寸(或相当的度量)具有至少10转的螺纹,实际上,在每英寸10转-20转之间,大约14转,这在切削期间,在螺钉的安装速度和翼的穿透控制速度之间提供可接受的平衡。 
在螺钉的制造期间,翼被压向螺杆的外面,14规(gauge)(或它的度量当量)的螺纹应该在杆中提供充足的材料以允许形成翼。对于更小规的螺纹,需要在螺纹以外的部分中增加直径以允许形成翼,并且看起来这将是可行的,但实际上,由于这将使制造稍微复杂,所以这不是首选的。图6和图7中说明的锋利的切削刃的特别设计在制造方面也是有利的,由于通过压力工具的适当设计,可以不用生产后面要求去除的盖板(flashing)而生产切削刃。 
类橡胶材料的(rubber-like)密封垫圈10安装在切削翼4和头部之间的杆的非螺纹部分上。由于翼4的分开形状,通过将垫圈10推在翼4上,垫圈10能够容易地组装在螺钉上。图8和图9分别说明了安装期间和安装时具有密封垫圈的螺钉的构造。
相对于杆的轴线(如图4所示)的翼的有角的倾斜,以及由此它们的切削刃,使切削动作比翼与杆的轴线成一直线的情况下稍微更逐步。这又减少翼在切削期间使板变平的倾向。使板变平,或者更确切地使螺钉延伸通过的褶皱或山脊变平,将导致整个板的宽度变化,这在固定板时可导致排列问题。 
该螺钉不仅对聚碳酸酯板和纤维加强塑料板有用,而且对其它塑料板和不同于塑料的材料的板也有用,这以高热膨胀系数为特征,这要求产生间隙孔,例如铝板。 
聚碳酸酯板比纤维加强塑料板稍微软且更易弯曲,并且在某些情况下,切削刃6倾向于向下推正在切入板中的孔的外围边缘部分,这意味着孔不可能切到所要求的直径,还不可能是光滑的圆形切削。在改进实施例中,为减轻这种可能的影响,如图10和11所示,至少一个切口20形成在每一个切削刃6和翼4的邻近部分内。切口20的深度足以围绕被切口下面的翼4的部分向下偏转的孔接受板的外围边缘部分,这样,在到达切口时,偏转边缘部能够弯曲到切口中。切口的上或内边缘横向延伸到螺钉的轴线,由此,在切削期间,围绕孔的切削板的外围边缘部趋向于被切口上面的边缘部分限制在切口内以产生更清洁更圆滑的切削。切口的下部边缘20b更倾斜地倾斜于螺钉的轴线以便于切削板的边缘部分进入到切口。虽然,图示的两个翼4中的每一个设有单独的切口20,但是,每一个翼可以有两个或更多这样的沿着它的长度分布的切口。 
通过例子已经描述了实施例,改进包含在本发明的范围内。 

Claims (14)

1.一种用于将半刚性板材紧固到衬底的螺钉,该螺钉具有与螺杆一体形成的刀具装置,所述刀具装置用于相对于螺杆在板上切削间隙孔,以在使用中在板和杆之间调节热运动,该刀具装置包括多个围绕杆的轴线间隔开的翼,其中,每一个翼相对于杆的轴线倾斜,从而所述翼的靠近螺钉头部的端部在螺钉的驱动旋转方向上跟随所述翼的另一端,每一个翼具有切削刃,该切削刃沿杆的纵向方向延伸且向前指向螺钉的驱动旋转方向。
2.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉,其中,所述翼形成在杆的螺纹之外的头端部处的杆的一部分上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼基本上是平面形状并且它的切削刃在朝着螺钉头部的方向上从杆向外逐渐地分开。
4.根据权利要求1-3中的任一项所述的螺钉,其中,所述翼相对于所述杆的轴线的倾斜角是2.5°至20°。
5.根据权利要求4所述的螺钉,其中,所述倾斜角大约是8°。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的螺钉,其中,所述螺钉是自钻螺钉。
7.根据权利要求4所述的螺钉,其中,所述螺钉是自钻螺钉。
8.根据权利要求5所述的螺钉,其中,所述螺钉是自钻螺钉。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。
10.根据权利要求4所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。
11.根据权利要求5所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。
12.根据权利要求6所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该 切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。
13.根据权利要求7所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。
14.根据权利要求8所述的螺钉,其中,每一个翼至少包括一个切口,该切口延伸穿过翼的外部边缘,以在切削期间刀具装置已经推动板的边缘部远离螺钉头部的情况下,接收正在被切削的孔的周围处的板的所述边缘部。 
CN2007800174209A 2006-05-19 2007-05-01 间隙孔切削螺钉 Active CN101443562B (zh)

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PCT/AU2007/000568 WO2007134361A1 (en) 2006-05-19 2007-05-01 Clearance hole cutting screw

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TWM346689U (en) 2008-08-06 2008-12-11 Sunny Beam Ind Co Ltd Screw having protruding wing
US20130216329A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2013-08-22 Ideal Fasteners Pty Ltd Screw fastener
CN102619842A (zh) * 2011-01-30 2012-08-01 庆达科技股份有限公司 一种屋顶螺丝
AU2011200442B2 (en) * 2011-02-03 2012-11-01 Taiwan Shan Yin Int'l Co., Ltd. A Roof Screw
JP2014015966A (ja) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-30 Pias Hanbai Kk 三層構造の屋根材又は外壁材を固着するためのねじ
CN104948556A (zh) * 2015-06-24 2015-09-30 贵州省华科实业有限公司 一种密封性好且替换强的钻尾螺钉
CN104912892A (zh) * 2015-06-24 2015-09-16 贵州省华科实业有限公司 一种具有滑牙后方便替换功能的钻尾螺钉
ES1163108Y (es) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-08 Saint-Gobain Placo Iberica S A Tornillo
US20180142723A1 (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-24 Phillips Screw Company Fastener with cleaning and leveling wings
CN110332196B (zh) * 2019-07-23 2024-08-02 郴州科宝新材料科技有限公司 一种自扩孔防水防松连接组件

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DE9106286U1 (de) * 1991-05-22 1991-08-01 Weisser GmbH, 7740 Triberg Holzstabpendel für Kuckucksuhren
FR2735191A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-13 Patrick Thevenin Tirefond autoperceur
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TW200801352A (en) 2008-01-01
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NZ572315A (en) 2010-07-30
MY143094A (en) 2011-03-15
CN101443562A (zh) 2009-05-27

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