CN101443495B - 耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝，其制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents

耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝，其制备方法及其用途 Download PDF

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CN101443495B
CN101443495B CN200780017450XA CN200780017450A CN101443495B CN 101443495 B CN101443495 B CN 101443495B CN 200780017450X A CN200780017450X A CN 200780017450XA CN 200780017450 A CN200780017450 A CN 200780017450A CN 101443495 B CN101443495 B CN 101443495B
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J·巴赫迈尔
A·赫梅特斯伯格
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/086—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of inorganic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2027—Metallic material
    • B01D39/2041—Metallic material the material being filamentary or fibrous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/447—Yarns or threads for specific use in general industrial applications, e.g. as filters or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
    • B01D2239/0233—Island-in-sea
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0457—Specific fire retardant or heat resistant properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1233—Fibre diameter

Abstract

本发明涉及耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝，由具有芯-壳结构的双组分材料组成，具有由形状稳定的材料构成的芯体和由耐化学性材料构成的壳体，还涉及其制备方法及其用途。本发明的单丝特别用于液滴分离器、筛网和过滤器。优选方法是用未经烧结的PTFE带材缠绕芯体材料并随后烧结。

Description

耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝,其制备方法及其用途
本发明涉及耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝，由具有芯-壳结构的双组分材料构成，具有由形状稳定的材料构成的芯体和由耐化学性材料构成的壳体，还涉及其制备方法及其用途。 
本发明还涉及本发明的耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝在液滴分离器(
Figure G200780017450XD0001172951QIETU
)以及在筛网和过滤器中的用途。 
为了从气流中(特别是从化学工业和废气净化装置中)去除液滴，可以使用液滴分离器。这些液滴分离器由合适材料制成的单丝形成的结构(Gebilde)组成，该结构被嵌入在外壳中，例如圆筒形罐中。待净化的气流经引导通过该液滴分离器。造成麻烦的液滴被收集在液滴分离器中，并在此形成较大的液滴，而该较大的液滴向下流动并可以随后通过开口连续或者偶尔卸出。液滴分离器的实例参见下面网页： http://www.knitmesh.com/business/separation/mist eliminators/misteliminators.html。 
用于单丝的材料必须相对于气流的成分尽可能稳定。因此，根据要求不同，可以使用金属例如优质钢、镍、钛以及塑料例如聚丙烯、PTFE、PVDF还有玻璃。 
所述单丝主要被进一步加工成纺织物(Gewebe)、编织物(Gewirke)和针织物(Gestricke)，由此制成液滴分离器。根据要求调节网眼宽度和/或密度。 
另一要求是材料的形状稳定性。液滴分离器由具有高固有刚性(Eigensteifigkeit)的形状稳定材料(例如金属)构成，不需要至仅需要少量支撑，由此具有高的气流自由通过面积和高的效率。 
金属的缺陷在于中等至差的耐化学性，这导致了相对短的使用寿命。 
含氟聚合物(例如PTFE和PVDF)具有高的耐温度性和非常高的化学稳定性，但是具有过低的形状稳定性。 
因此，本发明的任务在于提供一种材料，其既具有高的形状稳定性，又具有高的化学稳定性。
该任务通过耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝得以解决，该单丝由具有芯-壳结构的双组分材料构成，具有由形状稳定材料制成的芯体和由耐化学性材料制成的壳体。 
形成壳体的耐化学性材料由含氟聚合物构成，特别由PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)、PFA、MFA、FEP、PCTFE、THV、TFM、ETFE、ETCTE、PVF、PVDF(聚1，1-偏二氟乙烯)(对于这些简写，参见UllmannsEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry，第五版，A11卷，VCH出版社，Weinheim，1988年，第393页起)。 
形成芯体的形状稳定材料由金属例如优质钢、铜、黄铜和铝构成。 
本发明的单丝的总直径为0.10mm-1.50mm。单丝的芯体的直径为0.05mm-1.00mm。壳体厚度因而为0.025mm-0.25mm，其中壳体厚度对芯体直径之比小于或等于1。单丝的优选总直径为0.20-0.60mm，特别优选为0.28-0.35mm。例如在0.10mm总直径情况下，芯体直径为0.05mm，壳体厚度为0.025mm。因此，总直径为0.05mm+2×0.025mm＝0.10mm。 
形状稳定的芯体被耐化学性的材料包覆可以通过挤出、柱塞挤出、绑扎(Bandierung)、编织(Umflechten)、缠绕包皮、捻线(Umzwirnen)和涂覆进行。重要的是，所述芯体材料被壳体材料完全封闭。 
本发明的另一任务在于用于制备根据本发明的单丝的方法，所述单丝具有特别致密和耐化学性的覆层。 
该任务通过如下方法实现：用未经烧结的PTFE带材绑扎(例如螺旋型缠绕)芯体材料，然后烧结PTFE带材。由此获得特别致密和稳定的PTFE壳体。所述烧结在对于PTFE常规的温度进行。 
本发明还涉及由本发明的耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝得到的成型体 特别是织物 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000711120800012
如纺织物、编织物和针织物。 
本发明的另一方面是本发明的单丝，特别以成型体形式，在液滴分离器以及筛网和过滤器中的用途。 
为此，将单丝加工成合适的成型体，特别是平面织物如纺织物、编织物和针织物。这些成型体可以优选用于化学工业中，所述成型体特别适用于液滴分离器、筛网和过滤器。 
本发明的单丝的优选用途是用于液滴分离器中，特别是在化学工业的液滴分离器中。 

Claims (10)

1.由耐化学性和形状稳定的单丝构成的液滴分离器，其中所述单丝由具有芯-壳结构的双组分材料构成，其特征在于，所述芯由形状稳定的材料构成，所述壳由聚四氟乙烯带材构成，该带材缠绕芯并经烧结。
2.权利要求1的液滴分离器，其特征在于，构成所述芯的形状稳定的材料由金属构成。
3.权利要求2的液滴分离器，其特征在于，构成所述芯的形状稳定的材料由优质钢、铜、黄铜或铝构成。
4.权利要求1-3之一的液滴分离器，其特征在于，所述单丝的总直径为0.10mm-1.50mm。
5.权利要求4的液滴分离器，其特征在于，所述单丝的总直径为0.20mm-0.60mm。
6.权利要求4的液滴分离器，其特征在于，所述单丝的总直径为0.28mm至0.35mm。
7.权利要求1的液滴分离器，其特征在于，所述壳具有0.025mm-0.25mm的厚度。
8.权利要求1的液滴分离器，其特征在于，壳厚度对芯直径的比例小于或等于1。
9.用于制备根据权利要求1-8之一的液滴分离器的方法，其特征在于，用未经烧结的聚四氟乙烯带材绑扎芯材料，并随后烧结所述聚四氟乙烯带材。
10.权利要求9的方法，其特征在于，用未经烧结的聚四氟乙烯带材螺旋形缠绕芯材料，并随后烧结所述聚四氟乙烯带材。
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US5478372A (en) * 1995-02-08 1995-12-26 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. High temperature, chemical resistant laminate for filtration systems
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US6465097B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated wire
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EP1491668A2 (de) * 2003-06-26 2004-12-29 Klaus Bloch Textiler Faden

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US3620368A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-11-16 Dart Ind Inc Classification of dry polymer beads
DE3301270A1 (de) * 1983-01-17 1984-07-19 W.L.Gore & Co GmbH, 8011 Putzbrunn Ummanteltes faser- bzw. filamentmaterial und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
WO1996002313A1 (en) * 1994-07-18 1996-02-01 W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. High temperature, chemical resistant filtration laminate
US5478372A (en) * 1995-02-08 1995-12-26 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. High temperature, chemical resistant laminate for filtration systems
US6465097B1 (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-10-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated wire
CN1436255A (zh) * 2000-06-16 2003-08-13 纳幕尔杜邦公司 耐切割织物
EP1491668A2 (de) * 2003-06-26 2004-12-29 Klaus Bloch Textiler Faden

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RU2428526C2 (ru) 2011-09-10
RU2008149259A (ru) 2010-06-20
EP2018448B1 (de) 2011-03-02
PL2018448T3 (pl) 2011-07-29
CN101443495A (zh) 2009-05-27
EP2018448A1 (de) 2009-01-28
ATE500361T1 (de) 2011-03-15
AT503675A1 (de) 2007-12-15
WO2007131252A1 (de) 2007-11-22
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