CN101440174B - 一种新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101440174B CN101440174B CN2008102441380A CN200810244138A CN101440174B CN 101440174 B CN101440174 B CN 101440174B CN 2008102441380 A CN2008102441380 A CN 2008102441380A CN 200810244138 A CN200810244138 A CN 200810244138A CN 101440174 B CN101440174 B CN 101440174B
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010237 calcium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004301 calcium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HDRTWMBOUSPQON-ODZAUARKSA-L calcium;(z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O HDRTWMBOUSPQON-ODZAUARKSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HZQXCUSDXIKLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dibenzoate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HZQXCUSDXIKLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HIAAVKYLDRCDFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HIAAVKYLDRCDFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HRBZRZSCMANEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HRBZRZSCMANEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCZLQYAECBEUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZCZLQYAECBEUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NDWWLJQHOLSEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;octanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O NDWWLJQHOLSEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000457 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethene Chemical group C=C.ClC=C KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N distearyl thiodipropionate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
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- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- IQFVPQOLBLOTPF-HKXUKFGYSA-L congo red Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(N)C(/N=N/C3=CC=C(C=C3)C3=CC=C(C=C3)/N=N/C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4C(=C3)S([O-])(=O)=O)N)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C21 IQFVPQOLBLOTPF-HKXUKFGYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DWVJWWILEBOPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-J C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-].C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] DWVJWWILEBOPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种热稳定性能优良的钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物及其应用。该组合物是在常温常压下,将钙皂、高分子锌皂、多元醇、抗氧剂按配比混合均匀而制得。该复合稳定剂组合物对含氯树脂具有较好的热稳定性和抗着色性,并具有无毒、无重金属污染等特点,避免了有机锡稳定剂的高成本,铅系、镉系稳定剂的毒性,具有一定的实用价值。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及高分子材料领域,具体地说涉及一种热稳定性能优良的钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物及其在含氯树脂挤出、注塑加工等领域中的应用。
背景技术:
含氯树脂特别是硬质氯乙烯类树脂具有难燃烧、高力学性能、价格低廉等优点,一直用于上下水道用管道,雨水槽、窗框等方面。是仅次于聚烯烃的第二大通用热塑性塑料,但是氯乙烯类树脂对热和光的稳定性差,其流动温度为136℃,分解温度为140℃,两者仅差4℃,给加工和使用带来很多不便,所以使用各类助剂以改善其加工和使用性能是必不可少的。最早使用的抗热老化稳定剂是氧化铅,随后又出现了盐基性铅盐,铅盐类热稳定剂热稳定性优良且价格低廉,多年来在稳定剂应用领域中一直起着主导作用,但是迫于毒性、环境污染等方面的压力,铅盐类热稳定剂应用领域逐渐缩小。作为取代,出现了一些新型的非铅热稳定剂,如有机锡类、金属皂类、稀土化合物、有机锑类等。他们大多属于低毒或无毒型稳定剂,热稳定效果良好,且价格适中,其发展越来越受到人们的重视。
为此以前使用的含有铅系,镉系等有毒重金属的稳定剂又重点向使用含有钡-锌或钙-锌类金属皂系以及有机锡等低毒性或无毒性的稳定剂变更。Ca/Zn复合稳定剂由于具有无毒、无重金属污染、价格适中等特点,是当今人们研究环保型含氯树脂热稳定剂最为活跃的领域。
但是钙-锌复合稳定剂的热稳定性能却满足不了应用需求,为了改善其热稳定性能,通常钙锌复合稳定剂中除了钙皂和锌皂还需添加种类繁多的辅助热稳定剂,主要有多元醇(US 6313203)、有机亚磷酸酯(US 5614571)、β-二酮类(US5177135)、多元酯类(US 5536767)、含硫化合物(US 4820756)、水滑石(US4299759)、沸石类(US 6096820)等改善CaSt2/ZnSt2复合稳定剂的性能,但是效果仍然有限,通常这类复合稳定剂只能用于含氯树脂软制品中。
另外人们还尝试合成不同结构的锌皂,例如已报道的月桂酸锌、辛酸锌、甘油锌、马来酸锌、草酸锌等锌盐,美国专利US 4358555介绍了一种包含硫醇酯锌的含氯树脂复合稳定剂,硫醇酯锌的优点在于能够很好地抑制含氯树脂的变色。但是这些小分子锌盐和含氯树脂的相容性存在一定问题,无法良好的分散于含氯树脂中从而更好的发挥其稳定作用。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是为了解决由于现有钙/锌复合稳定剂稳定性不佳而提供的一种新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物,本发明的另一个目的是提供上述热稳定剂组合物在含氯树脂加工中的应用。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:一种新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物,其特征在于其组分及各组分占组合物的质量百分数分别为:
钙皂: 10%-60%
高分子锌皂: 10%-50%
多元醇: 20%-60%
抗氧剂: 4%-20%。
上述的高分子锌皂至少为聚甲基丙烯酸锌、聚巴豆酸锌、聚丙烯酸锌、聚马来酸锌、马来酸锌-丙烯酸锌共聚物、马来酸锌-甲基丙烯酸锌共聚物、丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物或马来酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物中的一种。所述的钙皂至少为辛酸钙、月桂酸钙、硬脂酸钙、棕榈酸钙、油酸钙、苯甲酸钙或马来酸钙中的一种。所述的多元醇至少为季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇或三羟甲基丙烷中的一种。所述的抗氧剂至少为抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DSTP、抗氧剂ODP或双酚A中的一种。
在常温常压下,将钙皂、高分子锌皂、多元醇、抗氧剂按上述配比混合均匀即制备得到新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物。
本发明还提供了上述的新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物在含氯树脂加工中的应用,优选在含氯聚合物中每100重量份中添加0.1-10质量份该组合物。所述的含氯聚合物通常是聚氯乙烯、氯化聚乙烯、氯化聚氯乙烯或氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物等。
组合物对含氯树脂的稳定性能的测定可通过如下方式进行:新型钙/锌稳定剂组合物在邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)存在下与100质量份含氯树脂双辊塑炼机上塑炼成片,切粒,填充到试管中180℃油浴中老化,按照国家标准GB/T2917.1-2002刚果红法测定组合物对含氯树脂的静态热稳定性能。
有益效果:
1.高分子锌皂具有长链的大分子结构,另外它还具有很强的憎水性,其压片的表面静态接触角接近150°,因此它和含氯树脂有良好的相容性,能够更均匀的分散于含氯树脂中以发挥其稳定作用。
2.本发明提供的高分子锌皂稳定效率高,优于传统锌皂硬脂酸锌,其与钙皂、辅助热稳定剂、抗氧剂复配可良好应用于含氯树脂给排水管材、型材等硬制品的熔融加工过程。
具体实施方式:
本发明涉及的高分子锌皂,其憎水性和长链结构使得其与含氯树脂具有良好的相容性,较高的锌含量使得其具有较高的稳定效率,用量很少时即能达到传统锌皂硬脂酸锌的稳定效果,同时高分子锌皂和硬脂酸钙和月硅酸钙等钙皂也具有良好的的协同作用。
实施例1-12
将锌皂、钙皂、多元醇、抗氧剂按比例在高速混合机中混合均匀,制备本发明涉及的钙/锌热稳定剂组合物,具体配方设计见表1。
表1热稳定剂组合物配方
备注:MMA代表甲基丙烯酸甲酯;以含氯树脂100g计,表中单位均为g。
将上述实施例制备的组合物与40质量份邻二苯甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、100质量份PVC树脂(S-1000)在高混机中混合均匀,并在辊温140℃,辊距1mm双辊混炼机上塑炼成片,然后切粒填充到试管中,180℃油浴中老化,后按照国家标准GB/T2917.1-2002刚果红法测定静态热稳定性能,记录热稳定时间,结果见表2。
表2静态热稳定性能测试
组合物编号 | 组合物质量(g) | PVC(g) | DOP(g) | 热稳定时间/min | |
实施例1 | 1# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 76.3 |
实施例2 | 2# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 82.1 |
实施例3 | 3# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 90.8 |
实施例4 | 4# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 88.7 |
实施例5 | 5# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 83.4 |
实施例6 | 6# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 85.6 |
实施例7 | 7# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 79.2 |
实施例8 | 8# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 81.2 |
实施例9 | 9# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 78.5 |
实施例10 | 10# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 76.2 |
实施例11 | 11# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 80.3 |
实施例12 | 12# | 3 | 100 | 40 | 72.8 |
对比例:将聚丙烯酸锌与山梨醇或季戊四醇加入邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)与100重量份PVC树脂(S-1000)中在高剪切力作用下混合均匀制得干混料,然后用国家标准GB/T2917.1-2002刚果红法测定干混料的静态热稳定性能,并与传统的硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙制备的干混料的静态热稳定性能进行对比。具体配方及测试结果如表3所示。
表3与传统钙锌稳定剂性能比较
1# | 2# | 3# | 4# | 5# | 6# | |
PVC | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
DOP | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
硬脂酸钙 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 |
聚丙烯酸锌 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | - | - | - |
硬脂酸锌 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
山梨醇 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - |
季戊四醇 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 |
刚果红实验/min | 25.4 | 55.4 | 64.5 | 27.6 | 58.2 | 48.8 |
Claims (5)
1.一种新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物,其特征在于其组分及各组分占组合物的质量百分数分别为:
钙皂: 10%-60%
高分子锌皂: 10%-50%
多元醇: 20%-60%
抗氧剂: 4%-20%;
其中所述的高分子锌皂为聚丙烯酸锌或者是聚丙烯酸锌与丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的组合物,其中聚丙烯酸锌与丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的组合物为0.4g聚丙烯酸锌和0.2g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、0.4g聚丙烯酸锌和0.6g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、0.3g聚丙烯酸锌和0.5g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、0.3g聚丙烯酸锌和0.6g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、0.2g聚丙烯酸锌和0.6g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物或0.2g聚丙烯酸锌和0.8g丙烯酸锌-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的钙皂至少为辛酸钙、月桂酸钙、硬脂酸钙、棕榈酸钙、油酸钙、苯甲酸钙或马来酸钙中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的多元醇至少为季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇或三羟甲基丙烷中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的抗氧剂至少为抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DSTP、抗氧剂ODP或双酚A中的一种。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的新型钙/锌复合热稳定剂组合物在含氯树脂加工中的应用,所述的含氯树脂为聚氯乙烯、氯化聚乙烯、氯化聚氯乙烯或氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物。
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