CN101395324A - Prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling and method for erecting said dwelling - Google Patents

Prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling and method for erecting said dwelling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101395324A
CN101395324A CNA2006800536597A CN200680053659A CN101395324A CN 101395324 A CN101395324 A CN 101395324A CN A2006800536597 A CNA2006800536597 A CN A2006800536597A CN 200680053659 A CN200680053659 A CN 200680053659A CN 101395324 A CN101395324 A CN 101395324A
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China
Prior art keywords
column
floor
concrete
prefabricated reinforced
enclosure wall
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CNA2006800536597A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A·康珀斯吉讷斯
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Covenex S L
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Covenex S L
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Publication of CN101395324A publication Critical patent/CN101395324A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses

Abstract

Prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling and method for erecting said dwelling, the principal components of which, such as pillars (1), enclosing walls (4), slabs (7), roof (9), etc., are prefabricated at the workshop from reinforced concrete. Not only the slabs (7) but also the enclosing walls (4) carry precise installations integrated into their interior. The elements are positioned mechanically in accordance with the dwelling layout. Starting with the foundations, produced in situ, the tie beams and corresponding seatings for supporting the enclosure walls (4) are made, proceeding, in correlative order, to erection of the dwelling with interior and dividing enclosing walls (8), staircases (13), slabs (7) and exterior enclosing walls (4), finishing with the roof (9), in order subsequently to proceed to connecting the various installations between enclosing walls and false ceilings where they are incorporated.

Description

Prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling and the method that is used to assemble described dwelling house
Goal of the invention
As described in title of the present invention, the present invention relates to the single-family dwelling of prefabricated reinforced concrete and the method that is used to assemble described dwelling house, the present invention has a series of advantage and feature owing to its tissue and structure, this will be discussed in more detail below, and the present invention relates to the novelty replacement scheme to scheme known in the art.
Purpose of the present invention specifically comprises the single-family dwelling of building based on prefabricated reinforced concrete fully (having four sides wall), promptly, all members such as column, enclosure wall, floor (slab), roof etc. are all made with precast concrete in factory, then they are placed on the building site, mechanically locate them according to housing layout, described housing layout comprise floor and enclosure wall, wherein concrete design expediently water supply, pipeline, heat supply, electric, communicate by letter and domestic installations.
Technical field
Application of the present invention is a building trade, more specifically says so to be exclusively used in the building trade of single-family dwelling.
Background technology
What must mention is that prefabricated building and dwelling house are known at present in the prior art state.
Yet in most of the cases, described building is formed by the finished product module, these finished product modules are made in factory fully, transfer to building site and installation on-site, yet the building of these types generally includes house or cabin formula, one-storey house formula module etc., their intensity is very low, because they are made by the material such as timber, metal sheet or different cover plate usually.
On the other hand, the Prefabricated block member that is applied to the construction of the house made by steel concrete or dwelling house also is known, only relate to some member in this case, such as plate, dividing plate, building block etc., they are installed on-site, and the remainder of building is implemented as tradition at the scene.
Yet must mention that the applicant does not also find to have a kind of like this prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling, it has the technology similar to dwelling house proposed by the invention, structure and constitutive characteristic.
Summary of the invention
Therefore prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling proposed by the invention itself consists of one in its application The technical scheme of individual obvious novelty, because compare with traditional building, it is on the performance of the member that forms its structure Also has a series of structural favourable difference.
Therefore, except ground was made by concrete as in traditional architecture and implemented at the scene as previously mentioned, all the other important components were made with armored concrete in factory, and at assemble in site, the major advantage of such member is as follows:
-column is to be responsible for the carrying built-loading and it is passed to the member of ground in traditional architecture, between column, make the pull bar clamping device with the opposing horizontal stress, and in dwelling house of the present invention, column only exclusively carries the load of roof parts, as the guide of enclosure wall.
-floor supporting service load in dwelling house of the present invention, but they are passed to enclosure wall, and unlike traditional architecture, be passed to column.
-enclosure wall and wall are to provide the surface that isolates and produce entity space to dwelling house, are provided with ornamental element in the front, and except isolation was provided, the surface in novel prefabricated dwelling house of the present invention also was responsible for carrying and is transmitted the load of dwelling house.
Last and as a notable attribute, it must be noted that, as in traditional architecture, except the work of finish trimming and parging, after having finished enclosure wall and wall, just implement facility and service device, and dwelling house of the present invention just comprises all facilities in the process of prefabricated enclosure wall, one such as electric, water supply, pipeline, heat supply, phone, domestic installations are combined in wherein.
In addition, the method that is used to assemble this dwelling house at first starts from forming ground on-site, after finishing layout, according to the size that obtains in the plan, is formed for supporting the binder and the corresponding bearing of enclosure wall in described ground.
In case finish this, just implement actual assembling with related order in the following manner: inner peripheral wall, separation enclosure wall, stair, floor and outside enclosure wall, and finish with the roof, outside enclosure wall will form compartment with inner peripheral wall, and inner peripheral wall then will provide final finish trimming to dwelling house and whole front thereof.
In case implemented all these operations, just all water supply, heat supply, bath equipment etc. passed false flat-top and connect then.
Then, bath equipment, door and window and other necessary member will be set, thereby all joinings of sealing and enclosure wall, column and floor etc. are finally finished dwelling house by finish trimming with coating.
Description of drawings
For the description of being done being replenished and is helped to understand better feature of the present invention, one group of accompanying drawing is in this manual attached and with its book part of the whole as an illustration, in the accompanying drawings, with example and unrestriced mode following content is shown below:
Fig. 1 to 5 shows the corresponding sectional drawing in the cross section that is combined in the dissimilar columns that divide according to its position in the dwelling house of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows the elevation after in a single day some columns embed pedestal.
Fig. 7 shows the detail drawing of one of plate of being combined in each column.
Fig. 8 A, 8B and 8C show corresponding elevation, longitudinal plan and the drawing in side sectional elevation of the example of curtain wall penel respectively.
Fig. 9 A, 9B and 8C show corresponding elevation, longitudinal plan and the drawing in side sectional elevation of the example of inner panel respectively.
Figure 10 shows the sectional drawing according to the vertical section of the configuration example of floor.
Figure 11 A and 11B show the corresponding elevation and the plan view on the roof of dwelling house.
Figure 12 shows the detail drawing that connects of roof parts and ridge pole.
Figure 13 shows the parts of formation dwelling house stair and the elevation of fixed form thereof.
Figure 14 shows the detail drawing of the joint of the parts of stair and floor.
Figure 15 shows the elevation of enclosure wall example, can see that in this enclosure wall the distribution that is used to connect local facility is incorporated into wherein.
Figure 16 shows the sectional drawing according to the vertical section of whole dwelling house, clearly show that all form its member.
The specific embodiment
Consider described accompanying drawing and according to used Reference numeral, can see the preferred embodiment of prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling proposed by the invention, described example belongs to the engineering of two pairs of formula dwelling houses, and comprises and will point out below and with the parts of describing in detail.
Be applied to following the listing of corresponding relation of the Reference numeral and the parts of accompanying drawing:
1-column: (1a) left comer portion column, (1b) front, centre column, (1c) middle gable column, (1d) gin pole and (1e) right corner portion column.
The 2-pedestal
3-column groove
The outside enclosure wall of 4-
5-column plate
The skirt section of 6-outer peripheral wallboard
The 7-floor
The inner enclosure wall of separating of 8-
9-roof: (9a) conventional part (9b) special lucarne part
The 10-lucarne
The 11-ridge pole
12-ridge pole groove
The 13-stair
14-installs distribution
The local main line socket of 15-
The 16-earth plate
The 17-partly-exposed basement
The 18-bottom
The 19-first floor
The 20-loft
21-stair joint
Column 1 can be located and smooth to the building model that is proposed therefore, these columns are as the guide of enclosure wall 4 and separation enclosure wall 8, can observe respectively from Fig. 1 to 5, these columns are taked different configurations according to its position, comprise the column 1a of left comer portion (Fig. 1), middle front column 1b (Fig. 2), middle gable column 1c (Fig. 3), gin pole 1d (Fig. 4) and right corner portion column 1e (Fig. 5).
Column 1 is made by the single step prefabricated reinforced concrete, and with connecting in the pedestal 2 embedding grounds, as shown in Figure 6, the sidepiece column is shorter than gin pole, column has suitable longitudinal reinforcement and belongs to groove 3 with the tongue and groove bindiny mechanism of curtain wall penel 4, and the yardstick of groove 3 will change according to column.
From the detail drawing of Fig. 7 as can be seen, each column 1 has a series of metal plates 5 that are connected in the described groove 3, these metal sheets are used for implementing welding point between the actual plate 5 of the top edge of curtain wall penel 4 and column 1, thereby enclosure wall 4 is not only owing to gravity works, and cooperation in the horizontal direction.
Prefabricated reinforced concrete curtain wall penel 4 provides supporting capacity to assembly again.Can be observed from Fig. 8 A to 8C, curtain wall penel 4 has the skirt section 6 of extending along whole plate, and this skirt section is positioned at upper area, and the effect in skirt section just covers the edge of floor 7, because next enclosure wall that will place will be bearing on the corresponding floor 7.In this case, enclosure wall 4 provides structural capacity, and floor 7 is responsible for transmitting load between enclosure wall.
As previously mentioned, enclosure wall 4 is except working owing to gravity, also by cooperating with the welding point of column 1.
Can see from the example shown in Fig. 9 A to 9C, also have the inner panel 8 of not cooperating with structure, they only distribute the inside of responsible dwelling house, and outside enclosure wall 4 and the inner enclosure wall 8 of separating all have corresponding breach 8a so that door and window to be set.
Figure 10 shows an example of floor 7, and is the same with other member that forms prefabricated dwelling house proposed by the invention, and these floors are prefabricated reinforced concretes, and are bearing in the curtain wall penel 4, and their edge is hidden by aforesaid skirt section 6.
At last, shown in Figure 11 A and 11B, roof 9 is also made by prefabricated reinforced concrete, is hipped gable roof, has the particular component 9b that is used to form lucarne 10.
The parts 9a on roof 2 supported, a bit be ridge pole 11, on the other hand in enclosure wall 4, in ridge pole 11, shown in the detail drawing of Figure 12, parts 9a inserts in the level trough 12, and in enclosure wall 4, parts 9a has the part of the function that realizes beam simultaneously of preventing to move.
Described ridge pole 11 be continuous precast reinforced concrete beam (in an example shown, for each dwelling house a ridge pole is arranged), and have two supporting members in the head of column 1, described supporting member is by means of the formed joint of the welding bead in the side (Figure 12).
The thrust that roof 9 may act on the enclosure wall 4 is handled by the welding point between column 1 and the enclosure wall 4 by aforesaid plate 5, because these welding points can be the lateral rigidity that total provides.
Figure 13 shows stair 13, stair are formed by integral prefabricated bar-reinforced concrete member, have two kinds of different types: shown in the detail drawing of Figure 14, first type has two joints 21 that are soldered to floor 7, and second type be the stair that partly-exposed basement 17 is connected with the floor 7 of bottom 18, these stair are bearing on the earth plate 16, and have the joint 21 of the floor 7 that is soldered to bottom 18.
For the ease of all parts of assembling stair 13, a series of supporting member (not shown) are arranged in the enclosure wall 4, but they are without any supporting capacity.
Must be pointed out that handle the lateral force that is applied by roof 9 by add welding point between enclosure wall 4 and column 1, therefore embedded part not only stands gravity within the walls, and resists the synergy of lateral stress in addition.
Handle possible seismic risk with the same manner.
Although structurally there is not very high ductility, not being considered to this is a crucial factor, because it is to dredge pillar (wide) building.
In addition, the present invention's hypothesis: transport and assemble column 1 by two bolts that cross whole cross section, assemble and locate enclosure wall 4 with two fixed points that are contained in its top edge, and locate floor 7 with four anchoring pieces in the upper surface, these anchoring pieces are connected to main frame in prefabricated process.
At last, in system proposed by the invention, advantageously at all local facilities of same process formation that are used for making enclosure wall 4 or interior wall 8 parts.
In other words, the distribution 14 that has a sheath is included in concrete and forms in the mould of enclosure wall 4 and inner panel 8 and internal partition 8, in case fluid concrete, distribution 14 just is embedded into, shown in the example among Figure 15.
The facility in case distributed in enclosure wall 4 and inner panel 8 just is arranged on the common hidden network that extend false flat-top top, and this network is responsible for being connected to local main line socket 15, and these sockets 15 are in the top edge of enclosure wall.
After each layer that distributed, then in the floor 7 of each layer, form passage so that in height distribute all facilities, these facilities will cover suitably with false flat-top, these facilities comprise hot and cold water, pipeline, heat supply, electric utility, communication and domestic installations, in all cases, all facilities all meet standing order.
Because prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling proposed by the invention is modular building, thus it assemble in an orderly way and do not produce load imbalance, implement in the following manner so that it in height increases:
At first, form ground, thereby except the load that comprises column 1, they also are used as the supporting member of enclosure wall 4 by the connection pedestal 2 that connects each other.
Then, apply the preferably earth plate 16 of level.
In case obtained complete level and firm floor, and described earth plate 16 and all prefabricated stand columns 1 embedded in the pedestal 2, just assembled outside enclosure wall 4.
Originally, at first locate the enclosure wall of partly-exposed basement 17, curtain wall penel 4 is embedded the groove 3 that passes column 1 from the column head, up to the supporting member of ground.
Assembling process need satisfy two criterions: implement this assembling linearly and this assembling in height increases, be divided into each level that repeats of curtain wall penel 4 and floor 7.
In a word, this process is therefore as follows:
The first order---partly-exposed basement 17
Ground (pedestal 2), earth plate 16, column 1, outer peripheral wallboard 4, inner panel 8, stair 13.
The second level---bottom 18
Floor 7, external plates 4, inner panel 8, stair 13.
The third level---first floor 19
Floor 7, external plates 4, inner panel 8, stair 13.
The fourth stage---loft 20
The parts on floor 7, external plates 4, inner panel 8, roof 9.
In case finished arrangement works, just implement facility connection, door and window location, bathroom installation, thus last japanning.
After fully having described essence of the present invention and mode with its input practice; what need show is; within its substantive characteristics; also can be different from the details that illustrates by way of example and implement other embodiment; these other embodiment only otherwise change, change or revise its basic principle then will be equally within protection domain required for protection.

Claims (12)

1. prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of building based on precast reinforced concrete structure, described member is made with steel concrete in factory, then described member is placed on the building site, mechanically locate described member according to housing layout, it is characterized in that, described dwelling house comprises: single step prefabricated reinforced concrete column (1), described column embeds in the ground with connecting pedestal (2), and as described enclosure wall (4) and the separation enclosure wall (8) guide, described column is taked different forms according to its position; Prefabricated reinforced concrete curtain wall penel (4), described curtain wall penel provides supporting capacity for assembly; The inside that pre-fabricated inner plate (8), described inner panel are responsible for described dwelling house distributes; Prefabricated reinforced concrete floor (7), described floor are bearing on the described curtain wall penel (4); Prefabricated reinforced concrete hipped gable roof (9), described roof have the particular component (9b) that is used to form lucarne (10); Continuous prefabricated reinforced concrete ridge pole (11), described ridge pole has two supporting members in the head of described column (1), and described supporting member is the joint that forms by means of the welding bead in the side; And stair (13), described stair are formed by the prefabricated reinforced concrete parts of integral body.
2. prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the sidepiece column is shorter than gin pole; The described column (1) that has suitable longitudinal reinforcement has the groove (3) that belongs to the tongue and groove bindiny mechanism of described curtain wall penel (4), and the yardstick of described groove will change according to described column.
3. as claim 1 and 2 described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwellings, it is characterized in that, each column (1) has a series of metal plates (5) that are connected in the described groove (3), described metal sheet is used for implementing welding point between the actual plate (5) of the top edge of described curtain wall penel (4) and described column (1), thereby each described enclosure wall (4) is not only owing to gravity works, but also cooperation in the horizontal direction.
4. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described curtain wall penel (4) comprises the skirt section (6) of extending along whole described plate, described skirt section is positioned at upper area, and covers the edge of described floor (7).
5. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described roof (9) is formed by the parts (9a) that are bearing at 2: a bit be in described ridge pole (11), in described ridge pole, described parts insert in the level trough (12), and on the other hand in described enclosure wall (4), in described enclosure wall, described parts have the part of the function that realizes beam simultaneously of preventing to move.
6. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, two kinds of dissimilar stair (13) are arranged: first type has two joints (21) that are soldered to described floor (7), and second type be the stair that partly-exposed basement (17) is connected with the described floor (7) of first floor (18), described stair are supported on the earth plate (16), and have the joint (21) of the described floor (7) that is soldered to described first floor (18); And, a series of supporting members are not arranged in the described enclosure wall (4) so that the assembling of stair with having supporting capacity.
7. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, handle the lateral force that applies by described roof (9) by between described enclosure wall (4) and column (1), adding welding point, therefore embedded part not only stands gravity within the walls, and the synergy of resisting lateral stress in addition, and because it is an areostyle, so handle possible seismic risk with the same manner.
8. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, transport and assemble described column (1) by two bolts that cross whole cross section, assemble and locate described enclosure wall (4) with two fixed points in the top edge that is contained in described enclosure wall, and locate described floor (7) with four anchoring pieces in the upper surface, described anchoring piece is connected to main frame in prefabricated process.
9. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, at all local facilities of same process formation that are used for making described enclosure wall (4) or interior wall (8) part, thereby the distribution (14) that has sheath is included in concrete and forms in the mould of described enclosure wall (4) and inner panel (8) and internal partition (8), in case fluid concrete, described distribution just is embedded into.
10. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, the described facility in case in described enclosure wall (4) and inner panel (8), distributed, just be arranged on the common hidden network that extend false flat-top top, described network is responsible for being connected to local main line socket (15), described socket is in the top edge of described enclosure wall, and in the floor (7) of each layer, form passage so that in height distribute all described facilities, described facility comprises hot and cold water, pipeline, heat supply, electric utility, communication and domestic installations, in all cases, all described facilities all meet standing order.
11. a method that is used to assemble prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling is characterized in that, thereby implements not produce the load imbalance in an orderly way, implements in the following manner so that it in height increases:
Form ground by the connection pedestal (2) that connects each other, thereby except the load that comprises described column (1), described ground also is used as the supporting member of described enclosure wall (4);
Apply the preferably earth plate of level (16), described column (1) embeds in the corresponding pedestal (2) on described earth plate;
Assemble described outside enclosure wall (4), originally at first locate the described enclosure wall of partly-exposed basement (17), described curtain wall penel (4) is embedded the groove (3) that passes described column (1) from the head of described column, up to the supporting member of the described ground of supporting;
Wherein said assembling process satisfies two criterions: implement assembling and increase in height linearly, be divided into each level that repeats of curtain wall penel (4) and floor (7) according to following process:
The first order---partly-exposed basement (17)
Ground (pedestal (2)), earth plate (16), column (1), outer peripheral wallboard (4), inner panel (8), stair (13);
The second level---bottom (18)
Floor (7), external plates (4), inner panel (8), stair (13);
The third level---first floor (19)
Floor (7), external plates (4), inner panel (8), stair (13);
The fourth stage---loft (20)
The parts of floor (7), external plates (4), inner panel (8), roof (9).
12. as the described prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, implement by assembling process as claimed in claim 11.
CNA2006800536597A 2006-03-03 2007-12-01 Prefabricated reinforced-concrete single-family dwelling and method for erecting said dwelling Pending CN101395324A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200600531 2006-03-03
ES200600531A ES2281289B1 (en) 2006-03-03 2006-03-03 PREFABRICATED SINGLE FAMILY HOUSING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF THE SAME.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101395324A true CN101395324A (en) 2009-03-25

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US (1) US20090165399A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1992750A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2009528464A (en)
CN (1) CN101395324A (en)
ES (1) ES2281289B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2008139302A (en)
WO (1) WO2007099178A1 (en)

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