CN101390580B - 巴鱼配合饲料及生产方法 - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种巴鱼配合饲料及生产方法。旨在提供一种营养全面、结构合理的巴鱼专用配合饲料及其生产方法。巴鱼配合饲料配方按重量份额是：进口白鱼粉5-18份、进口蒸汽鱼粉15-28份、深海鱼粉15-28份、膨化大豆2-6份、豆粕6-15份、α-淀粉15-25份，啤酒酵母1-3份和添加剂2-4份，所述的添加剂是指复合维生素、复合矿物质、氯化胆碱和活力健肝素。巴鱼配合饲料的生产工艺依次是：除杂、粗粉碎、超微粉碎、加添加剂、混合、过筛、检验、包装、入库。该发明的优点是：配方是根据巴鱼的生长特点精准选料，营养全面，肉食比高；饲料成本较低，比市售鳗鱼饲料成本低，大大降低了巴鱼的养殖成本；生产工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及鱼饲料，尤其涉及一种巴鱼的配合饲料及其生产方法。
背景技术
巴鱼是又称暗纹东方鲀，近年来在我国开始养殖，由于其味道鲜美，经科学烹饪后被大家所欢迎。在我国巴鱼的养殖正在逐步增多，其价格不菲，目前关于巴鱼营养的研究相对较少，而对于巴鱼饲料的研究和生产则更严重滞后于其养殖。目前还没有专用的巴鱼饲料，一般巴鱼养殖主要是喂市售的鳗鱼饲料，而巴鱼的系统发育过程与鳗鱼存在着较大的差异，营养需要也有很大的不同。这就造成在巴鱼养殖过程中饲料利用率低，养殖成本高，巴鱼生长速度慢，巴鱼的品质不高等问题，这些已严重制约了巴鱼养殖产业的可持续发展。对于根据巴鱼的生长特性，提供一种适合巴鱼食用的配合饲料显得十分必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决巴鱼养殖过程中饲料成本高，巴鱼生长速度慢的难题，从而提供一种营养全面、结构合理的巴鱼专用配合饲料及其生产方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所提供的巴鱼饲料，其配方按重量份额是：进口白鱼粉5-18份、进口蒸汽鱼粉15-28份、深海鱼粉15-28份、膨化大豆2-6份、豆粕6-15份、α-淀粉15-25份，啤酒酵母1-3份和添加剂2-4份，所述的添加剂是指复合维生素、复合矿物质、氯化胆碱和活力健肝素。
巴鱼配合饲料的生产工艺依次是：除杂：剔除配料中的杂质；粗粉碎：根据上述配方将进口白鱼粉、进口蒸汽鱼粉、深海鱼粉、膨化大豆、豆粕、α-淀粉、啤酒酵母的配料一起放到粉碎机中粉碎，成粉碎料；超微粉碎：将粉碎料放到超微粉碎机中粉碎，成超微粉碎料；加添加剂：在超微粉碎料中加入复合维生素和复合矿物质和氯化胆碱和活力健肝素；混合：通过搅拌机将加有添加剂的超微粉碎料搅拌均匀成混合料；过筛；将混合料过30目筛；检验：检查过筛混合料的粘弹性和水中稳定性，粘弹性和水中稳定性均合格的为成品巴鱼配合饲料；包装、入库：将成品的巴鱼配合饲料装袋后入库。
上述配方与以往饲料相比增加了进口蒸汽鱼粉用量，补充了深海鱼粉，降低了进口白鱼粉用量，着重考虑了在主要必需氨基酸组成上的平衡问题。氯化胆碱对促进畜禽的生长发育、提高肉蛋质量、降低饲料消耗有显示著效果。活力健肝素是国家863计划成果(专利号ZL03112103.9)：主要成分为海洋活性物质、植物黄酮、胆酸、左旋肉碱等，纯天然、绿色高效，能有效阻止肝细胞纤维化、预防脂肪肝等作用。
按照本发明所得到的这种巴鱼专用饲料，具有以下优点：
1、该配方是根据巴鱼的生长特点精准选料，营养全面，肉食比高，使用该饲料养殖的巴鱼生长速度比一般的提高10％，饲料系数降低10％。
2、该饲料成本较低，比市售鳗鱼饲料成本降低至少600元/吨，大大降低了巴鱼的养殖成本。
3、该饲料生产工艺简单，原料供应广泛普遍能买到，适合大批量的工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
本发明所提供的巴鱼饲料，其配方按重量份额是：进口白鱼粉5-18份、进口蒸汽鱼粉15-28份、深海鱼粉15-28份、膨化大豆2-6份、豆粕6-15份、α-淀粉15-25份，啤酒酵母1-3份和添加剂2-4份。所述的添加剂是指复合维生素、复合矿物质、氯化胆碱和活力健肝素，它们之间的比例分别为2∶10∶1∶1。其中的深海鱼粉是进口金枪鱼原料经过国内半脱脂加工而成。
上述的复合维生素每千克的有效成分为：A(IU)5,000,000、D3(IU)2,500,00、E(mg)150,000、K3(mg)10,000、B1(mg)11,000、B2(mg)16,000、B6(mg)14,000、B12(mg)32、烟酸(mg)60,000、叶酸(mg)3,000、泛酸钙(mg)40,000、生物素(mg)140和肌醇(mg)120,000。
上述的复合矿物质每千克复合矿物质有效成分为：铁(g)16、锌(g)12、锰(g)4、铜(g)1.8、钴(g)300、硒(g)60、碘(g)800和镁钾适量。
| 原料名称 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 |
| 进口白鱼粉(份) | 5 | 15 | 8 | 12 | 18 |
| 进口蒸汽鱼粉 | 28 | 20 | 24 | 25 | 15 |
| 深海鱼粉(份) | 28 | 22 | 28 | 25 | 16 |
| 膨化大豆(份) | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 豆粕(份) | 8 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 14 |
| α-淀粉(份) | 23 | 18 | 22 | 20 | 25 |
| 啤酒酵母(份) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| 添加剂(份) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
以上各实施例巴鱼配合饲料的生产工艺均依次是：除杂：剔除配料中的杂质；粗粉碎：根据上述配方将进口白鱼粉、进口蒸汽鱼粉、深海鱼粉、膨化大豆、豆粕、α-淀粉、啤酒酵母的配料一起放到粉碎机中粉碎，成粉碎料；超微粉碎：将粉碎料放到超微粉碎机中粉碎，成超微粉碎料；加添加剂：在超微粉碎料中加入复合维生素和复合矿物质和氯化胆碱和活力健肝素；混合：通过搅拌机经二次混合，将加有添加剂的超微粉碎料搅拌均匀成混合料；过筛；将混合料过30目筛；检验：检查过筛混合料的粘弹性和水中稳定性，粘弹性和水中稳定性均合格的为成品巴鱼配合饲料；包装、入库：将成品的巴鱼配合饲料装袋后入库。
粘弹性检验的方法：取一定量的过筛混合料与容器中，加入同等质量的水，混合均匀，然后，捏成条状，拉伸，观察其粘弹性，以具有能拉长的为合格。
水中稳定性检验的方法：取一定量的过筛混合料与容器中，加入同等质量的水，混合均匀成团状，然后放入盛满水的容器中，满半小时不溃散的为合格。
Claims (2)
1.巴鱼配合饲料，其特征在于配方按重量份额是：进口白鱼粉5-18份、进口蒸汽鱼粉15-28份、深海鱼粉15-28份、膨化大豆2-6份、豆粕6-15份、α-淀粉15-25份，啤酒酵母1-3份和添加剂2-4份，所述的添加剂是指复合维生素、复合矿物质、氯化胆碱和活力健肝素，它们之间的比例分别为2∶10∶1∶1；
所述的复合维生素中每千克的有效成分为：维生素A 5,000,000IU、维生素D3 2,500,00IU、维生素E 150,000mg、维生素K3 10,000mg、维生素B1 11,000mg、维生素B2 16,000mg、维生素B6 14,000mg、维生素B12 32mg、烟酸60,000mg、叶酸3,000mg、泛酸钙40,000mg、生物素140mg和肌醇120,000mg；
所述的复合矿物质中每千克复合矿物质有效成分为：铁16g、锌12g、锰4g、铜1.8g、钴300g、硒60g、碘800g和镁、钾适量；
其制备工艺如下：
除杂：剔除配料中的杂质；
粗粉碎：根据上述配方将进口白鱼粉、进口蒸汽鱼粉、深海鱼粉、膨化大豆、豆粕、α-淀粉、啤酒酵母的配料一起放到粉碎机中粉碎，成粉碎料；
超微粉碎：将粉碎料放到超微粉碎机中粉碎，成超微粉碎料；
加添加剂：在超微粉碎料中加入复合维生素、复合矿物质、氯化胆碱和活力健肝素；
混合：通过搅拌机将加有添加剂的超微粉碎料搅拌均匀成混合料；
过筛；将混合料过30目筛；
检验：检查过筛混合料的粘弹性和水中稳定性，粘弹性和水中稳定性均合格的为成品巴鱼配合饲料；
包装、入库：将成品的巴鱼配合饲料装袋后入库；
所述的粘弹性检验方法：取一定量的过筛混合料于容器中，加入同等质量的水，混合均匀，然后，捏成条状，拉伸，观察其粘弹性，以具有能拉长的为合格；
所述的水中稳定性检验方法：取一定量的过筛混合料于容器中，加入同等质量的水，混合均匀成团状，然后，放入盛满水的容器中，要求满半小时不溃散的为合格。
2.根据权利要求1所述巴鱼配合饲料，其特征在于所述的混合是经二次混合。
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