CN101386042A - Method for increasing the circular degree of the metal thin-walled cylinder using pulse magnetic pressure - Google Patents
Method for increasing the circular degree of the metal thin-walled cylinder using pulse magnetic pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101386042A CN101386042A CNA2008101369304A CN200810136930A CN101386042A CN 101386042 A CN101386042 A CN 101386042A CN A2008101369304 A CNA2008101369304 A CN A2008101369304A CN 200810136930 A CN200810136930 A CN 200810136930A CN 101386042 A CN101386042 A CN 101386042A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving roundness of a metal thin-wall cylindrical workpiece by pulsed magnetic pressure, and relates to a method for improving roundness of a metal thin-wall cylindrical workpiece. The method solves the problems that the existing cylindrical workpiece shape correction method has the disadvantages of complex mechanism and die, uneasy operation and low accuracy of shape correction, and the existing cylindrical workpieces have the disadvantages of easy wearing surface, residual stress, short service life, difficult sealing, high cost and difficult operation, both of which are not favorable for the small-batch and diversified development trend. The method comprises the following steps: step one: the metal thin-wall cylindrical workpiece is arranged in a high-accuracy shape correction die, and magnetic impulse processed coils are placed in the cylindrical workpiece; step two: a high-frequency pulse capacitor bank is used for discharging the magnetic pulse processing coils, high-frequency pulse acts on the cylindrical workpiece to cause the cylindrical workpiece to generate high-speed deformation and generate impact contact and adhere to the die. The invention has the advantages of simple mechanism and die, high machining accuracy, long service life and low cost, and is favorable for the small-batch and diversified development trend, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves thin-wall tube-shaped element circularity, belong to automobile, aerospace etc. and make processing technique field.
Background technology
Cabin body, fuel tank, tank and jet pipe that aerospace vehicles such as guided missile, satellite, aircraft use mostly are aluminium alloy tubular and special piece, how to process with spinning process usually.On the one hand, can't reach the drawing required precision, the situation of the low and overproof use of product percent of pass occur, influence product following process and serviceability because the rotary pressing processing precision is limited; Consider the needs of structure installation and the requirement of function on the other hand, many cylindrical member will be passed through welding sequence.Because the distortion that welding causes, the actual measurement deviation from circular from is much larger than the requirement of the complicated numerical controlled machinery processing of proceeding to circularity, and the location is inaccurate when causing digital control processing, has to adopt manual operation, greatly reduces productivity ratio and crudy.
At present, the approach that addresses the above problem is by follow-up school shape technology, and straightening method commonly used has mechanical school shape, punching block school shape, soft mode school shape and hot school shape etc.But mechanical school shape and punching block school shape exist mechanism and mould complexity, not easy to operate, machining accuracy is low, even damages the problem on cylindrical member surface; Soft mode school shape mainly is with medium school shapes such as gases, liquid, rubber, and it exists, and mould complexity, life-span are low, sealing difficulty and the high problem of cost; Because the quality of localized heat school shape quality depends on heating location and heated perimeter, thus in practical operation, be difficult to grasp, and overlay coating is easily destroyed when hot school, and have residual stress.Therefore, existing straightening method has been unsuitable for cylindrical part small lot and diversified development trend.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solve mechanism that existing cylindrical member straightening method exists and mould complexity, not easy to operate, machining accuracy is low, cylindrical member surperficial easy to wear and have residual stress, service life is low, sealing is difficult, cost is high, operating difficulties and be unsuitable for the cylindrical part small lot and the problem of diversified development trend, and then provides a kind of method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure raising metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity.
The step of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve the method for metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of the present invention is:
Step 1: the port of metal thin-wall cylindrical member or metal thin-wall cylindrical member is placed high accuracy school shape mould, and the magnetic field impulse processing coil is put in the metal thin-wall cylindrical member;
Step 2: utilize electromagnetic forming technique school shape: two terminals of magnetic field impulse processing coil are received on the both positive and negative polarity of magnetic field impulse power supply, under room temperature state, start the magnetic field impulse power supply, outer network source is by step-up transformer, rectification circuit, the charging of current-limiting resistance paired pulses capacitor group, not conducting of air gap switch this moment; When the impulse capacitor group stores enough electric energy, after reaching operating voltage, closed air gap switch, variation according to metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity, the impulse capacitor group is carried out the continuous discharge of instantaneous high speed single or multiple to the magnetic field impulse processing coil, produce the flash electric current of high-frequency and high-voltage, thereby excite strong pulsed magnetic field; According to the law of electromagnetic induction, this high-intensity magnetic field produces induced-current on the metal thin-wall cylindrical member.This induced-current produces the opposing magnetic field again, and with the enhancing that in the gap of metal thin-wall cylindrical member and magnetic field impulse processing coil, superposes of magnetic field that the magnetic field impulse processing coil produces; According to Lenz's law, between metal thin-wall cylindrical member and magnetic field impulse processing coil, produce pulsed magnetic pressure, when the amplitude of magnetic pressure significantly surpasses the material yield limit of metal thin-wall cylindrical member, the metal thin-wall cylindrical member is out of shape at a high speed under the effect of pulsed magnetic pressure and is contacted and paste mould with high accuracy school shape mould generation impact, thereby has improved the circularity of metal thin-wall cylindrical member.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: (one) is owing to being the cold deformation of utilization under the effect of the equally distributed pulsed magnetic pressure of circumferencial direction of at room temperature carrying out, so do not exist hot school shape to cylindrical member surface abrasion and residual stress.(2) speed of electro-magnetic forming processing is exceedingly fast, cylindrical member obtains very high kinetic energy rapidly, kinetic energy is converted into the metal deformation energy again afterwards, makes cylindrical member obtain very high deformation velocity in very little deformation range, and then realizes that the school shape precision under the small deformation amount improves.(3) under the effect of shock loading, cylindrical member contacts and pastes mould with mould generation high speed impact, and produces powerful compression on the thickness direction of workpiece, helps keeping the shape of the final machining state of part.(4) generation of pulsed magnetic pressure and effect must not be the power transmission medium with the rigid die, and therefore, the present invention only needs the mould (being generally die) of single face, and does not need expensive forcing press, cuts down finished cost significantly.(5) not only be suitable for the raising of cylindrical component integral body or port circularity, this method also can be used to the raising of close-shaped part fillet place forming accuracy.(6) with PLC be the magnetic field impulse power supply of the core of control system, for the continuous impulse electricity of process and stable discharge parameter control are given security.To sum up the present invention has mechanism and mould is simple, easy to operate, machining accuracy is high, the surperficial no wearing and tearing of cylindrical member and residual stress, high life, cost is low, simple to operate and be suitable for advantages such as cylindrical part small lot and diversified development trend.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention carries out machining principle figure to cylindrical member integral body, to be the present invention carry out machining principle figure to the port of cylindrical member to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is that the present invention carries out machining principle figure to the cylindrical member that has tapering, Fig. 4 is that pulsed magnetic pressure acts on pressurized state schematic diagram on the cylindrical member in the processing method of the present invention, Fig. 5 is the influence schematic diagram of discharge time to cylindrical member port circularity, Fig. 6 is a circularity contrast schematic diagram before and after the school shape of in the specific embodiment six one cylindrical member that is formed by three sections cylindrical shell butt welding, and Fig. 7 is a circularity contrast schematic diagram before and after the school shape of the cylindrical member that forms of another the three sections cylindrical shell butt welding in the specific embodiment six.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 4 present embodiment is described, the method step of present embodiment is:
Step 1: the port of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 or metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 is placed high accuracy school shape mould 6, and magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 is put in the metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7;
Step 2: utilize electromagnetic forming technique school shape: two terminals of magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 are received on the both positive and negative polarity of magnetic field impulse power supply 10, under room temperature state, start magnetic field impulse power supply 10, outer network source is by step-up transformer 5, rectification circuit 1,4 chargings of current-limiting resistance 2 paired pulses capacitor groups, air gap switch 3 not conductings this moment; When impulse capacitor group 4 stores enough electric energy, after reaching operating voltage, closed air gap switch 3, variation according to metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 circularity, 4 pairs of magnetic field impulse processing coils of impulse capacitor group 8 carry out the continuous discharge of instantaneous high speed single or multiple, produce the flash electric current of high-frequency and high-voltage, thereby excite strong pulsed magnetic field; According to the law of electromagnetic induction, this high-intensity magnetic field produces induced-current on metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7.This induced-current produces the opposing magnetic field again, and with the enhancing that in the gap of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 and magnetic field impulse processing coil 8, superposes of magnetic field that magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 produces; According to Lenz's law, between metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 and magnetic field impulse processing coil 8, produce pulsed magnetic pressure, when the amplitude of magnetic pressure significantly surpasses the material yield limit of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7, metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 is out of shape at a high speed under the effect of pulsed magnetic pressure and is contacted and paste mould with the 6 generation impacts of high accuracy school shape mould, thereby has improved the circularity of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is: present embodiment is the cylindrical solenoid coil that the T3 red copper wire of rectangle turns at the processing coil 8 of magnetic field impulse described in the step 1 by the cross section, with epoxy resin and glass wool cloth insulation, coil rack is a glass wool cloth epoxy resin laminated rod between the coil turn line.So be provided with, the pulsed magnetic pressure of generation is bigger, and machining accuracy is higher.
The specific embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment with the difference of the specific embodiment one is: present embodiment is coaxial the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 17, high accuracy school shape mould 6 and magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 threes.So be provided with, metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 stressed more even, machining accuracy is higher.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is: present embodiment in the discharge of the high-frequency impulse capacitor group 4 of the power supply of magnetic field impulse described in the step 2 10 by with PLC being 9 controls of control core system, the capacitance of impulse capacitor group 4 is 10-1000uF, and operating voltage is 1000-20000V.So be provided with, school shape precision is higher.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is: present embodiment is the AA5056-O aluminium alloy at the material of the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 17, the wall thickness of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 is 1.5mm, overall diameter is 156mm, the material of the school of high accuracy described in step 1 shape mould 6 is No. 45 steel, its interior diameter is 156.5mm, upper deviation 0.2mm, magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 is that the T3 red copper wire of 5.0mm * 7.0mm turns to by the cross section specification, and magnetic field impulse processing coil 8 is that overall diameter is the cylindrical solenoid coil of 152mm; The capacitance of the group of impulse capacitor described in the step 24 is 192uF, operating voltage 10000V.Choose above-mentioned five cylindrical member testpieces, and its port is carried out school shape, the initial circularity before the shape of school is between 0.15mm-0.98mm; Circularity after the shape of school is brought up between the 0.06mm-0.11mm, satisfies the requirement of port butt welding precision.
The specific embodiment six: in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrate present embodiment, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is: present embodiment is formed by three sections cylindrical shell butt welding in the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 17, its material is the AA5056-O aluminium alloy, the average wall thickness thickness 2.0mm of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7, tapering is 0.5 degree, the school of high accuracy described in step 1 shape mould 6 material be No. 45 steel, interior diameter is than the big 0.5mm of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 overall diameters, upper deviation 0.2mm, the processing coil 8 of magnetic field impulse described in the step 1 is the cylindrical solenoid coil of the tapering that has 0.5 degree that turns to of the T3 red copper wire of 5.0mm * 7.0mm by specification, the cylindrical solenoid coil of band tapering is corresponding with the cylindrical shell of metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7, insulate with epoxy resin and glass wool cloth between the coil turn line, coil rack is a nylon, the capacitance of the group of impulse capacitor described in the step 24 is 720uF, operating voltage 7000V-10000V.Choose the metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 that two three sections cylindrical shell butt welding form it is carried out school shape, three points choosing on the metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 are respectively apart from smaller diameter end 150mm, 300mm and 500mm place, initial circularity before two metal thin-wall cylindrical member 7 school shapes is between 0.2mm-0.57mm, circularity after the shape of school is brought up between the 0.11mm-0.2mm, satisfies Design Requirement Drawing.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity is characterized in that steps of the method are:
Step 1: the port of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) or metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) is placed high accuracy school shape mould (6), and magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) is put in the metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7);
Step 2: utilize electromagnetic forming technique school shape: two terminals of magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) are received on the both positive and negative polarity of magnetic field impulse power supply (10), under room temperature state, start magnetic field impulse power supply (10), outer network source is by step-up transformer (5), rectification circuit (1), current-limiting resistance (2) paired pulses capacitor group (4) charging, not conducting of air gap switch (3) this moment; When impulse capacitor group (4) stores enough electric energy, after reaching operating voltage, closed air gap switch (3), variation according to metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) circularity, impulse capacitor group (4) is carried out the continuous discharge of instantaneous high speed single or multiple to magnetic field impulse processing coil (8), produce the flash electric current of high-frequency and high-voltage, thereby excite strong pulsed magnetic field; According to the law of electromagnetic induction, this high-intensity magnetic field is gone up in metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) and is produced induced-current.This induced-current produces the opposing magnetic field again, and with the enhancing that in the gap of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) and magnetic field impulse processing coil (8), superposes of magnetic field that magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) produces; According to Lenz's law, between metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) and magnetic field impulse processing coil (8), produce pulsed magnetic pressure, when the amplitude of magnetic pressure significantly surpasses the material yield limit of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7), metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) is out of shape at a high speed under the effect of pulsed magnetic pressure and is contacted and paste mould with high accuracy school shape mould (6) generation impact, thereby has improved the circularity of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7).
2, according to the described method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of claim 1, it is characterized in that be the cylindrical solenoid coil that the T3 red copper wire of rectangle turns at the processing coil of magnetic field impulse described in the step 1 (8) by the cross section, with epoxy resin and glass wool cloth insulation, coil rack is a glass wool cloth epoxy resin laminated rod between the coil turn line.
3, according to the described method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 1 (7), high accuracy school shape mould (6) and magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) three coaxial.
4, according to the described method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of claim 1, it is characterized in that discharge in the high-frequency impulse capacitor group (4) of the power supply of magnetic field impulse described in the step 2 (10) is by with PLC being control core system (9) control, the capacitance of impulse capacitor group (4) is 10-1000uF, and operating voltage is 1000-20000V.
5, according to the described method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of claim 1, it is characterized in that the material in the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 1 (7) is the AA5056-O aluminium alloy, the wall thickness of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) is 1.5mm, overall diameter is 156mm, the material of the school of high accuracy described in step 1 shape mould (6) is No. 45 steel, its interior diameter is 156.5mm, upper deviation 0.2mm, magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) is that the T3 red copper wire of 5.0mm * 7.0mm turns to by the cross section specification, and magnetic field impulse processing coil (8) is that overall diameter is the cylindrical solenoid coil of 152mm; The capacitance of the group of impulse capacitor described in the step 2 (4) is 192uF, operating voltage 10000V.
6, according to the described method of utilizing pulsed magnetic pressure to improve metal thin-wall cylindrical member circularity of claim 1, it is characterized in that forming by three sections cylindrical shell butt welding in the cylindrical member of metal thin-wall described in the step 1 (7), its material is the AA5056-O aluminium alloy, the average wall thickness thickness 2.0mm of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7), tapering is 0.5 degree, the school of high accuracy described in step 1 shape mould (6) material be No. 45 steel, interior diameter is than the big 0.5mm of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7) overall diameter, upper deviation 0.2mm, the processing coil of magnetic field impulse described in the step 1 (8) is the cylindrical solenoid coil of the tapering that has 0.5 degree that turns to of the T3 red copper wire of 5.0mm * 7.0mm by specification, the cylindrical solenoid coil of band tapering is corresponding with the cylindrical shell of metal thin-wall cylindrical member (7), insulate with epoxy resin and glass wool cloth between the coil turn line, coil rack is a nylon, the capacitance of the group of impulse capacitor described in the step 2 (4) is 720uF, operating voltage 7000V-10000V.
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