CN103861930B - A kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore Download PDFInfo
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- CN103861930B CN103861930B CN201410127443.7A CN201410127443A CN103861930B CN 103861930 B CN103861930 B CN 103861930B CN 201410127443 A CN201410127443 A CN 201410127443A CN 103861930 B CN103861930 B CN 103861930B
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Abstract
A magnetic pulse formation device and method for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, belongs to sheet metal part Plastic Forming and manufactures field.To solve existing magnetic pulse forming techniques, flanging bore shaping is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials, coil life is low, work piece rapid wear injures and adopt that punching block flanging passage is many, forming quality instability problem.Coil turn line is potted in coil rack, flange die is fixed on base plate, upper and lower two sections of locating ring are arranged in column collection chinaware and flange die, collection chinaware spacing ring is arranged on column collection chinaware upper surface, solenoid coil is set on the lateral wall of column collection chinaware and collection chinaware spacing ring, and the sidewall of column collection chinaware has longitudinal joint; Top board is arranged on collection chinaware spacing ring and coil rack upper surface; Aluminum alloy plate materials is arranged between flange die and coil rack, and magnetic field impulse control circuit two outputs are connected with coil turn line two terminals.The present invention is used for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore magnetic pulse formation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of sheet metal minor diameter flanging bore, belong to sheet metal part Plastic Forming and manufacture field.
Background technology
In order to improve atmospheric environment, energy-saving and cost-reducing is the principle that manufacturing industry sustainable development must be followed, and light-weighted a kind of inevitable approach of structure and material.Because specific strength is high, in advanced automobile manufacturing industry, the application of the alloy in lightweight such as high-strength aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy sheet material is more and more, and in Aero-Space manufacturing industry, and aluminium alloy is a large amount of to be especially applied on various carrier rocket and aircraft.Frame structure conventional on aerospace craft, there are many positions to need to carry out flange to hole, while loss of weight, improve the rigidity of structure on the one hand, on the other hand for pipeline welding is prepared, replace T-type structure with butt weld, improve the intensity of weld seam, toughness and service life.For large diameter, that straight side length is little aluminum alloy plate materials circular cross-esction, according to general stamping theory, difficulty of processing is not high, and the punching block through a few passage is shaped, then is aided with the annealing heat treatment between neighboring track time, just can reach shaping object.And for the circular cross-esction of minor diameter, especially compared with the circular cross-esction of heavy-gauge sheeting, because deformed area rigidity is high, deformation extent is large, very easily break in flanging bore edge, and punching block flanging passage is many, forming quality is unstable, forming limit is low, be difficult to obtain the flanging bore part meeting technical requirement.
Magnetic pulse formation has that loading speed is high, mould is simple, forming accuracy high-technology advantage, in aluminum alloy plate materials, forming tubular product, have significant technical advantage.Based on the dull and stereotyped spiral winding of routine, magnetic pulse formation has been used to the flanging forming of aluminum alloy plate materials 100 ~ 150mm diameter circular aperture, only needs single step of releasing electrical forming, and without the need to multi-pass heat treatment step, therefore, working (machining) efficiency improves greatly.But limit by spirality plate coil structure, when carrying out minor diameter flanging bore and being shaped, loop construction very easily destroys, therefore, under nonproductive condition, conventional disposable coil carries out aperture flanging forming.But because high strong impact force destroys loop construction, circle line is broken, the normal ablation with flanging bore piece surface and scuffing.It is receptible that this phenomenon is that the new automobile that can not be required by high standard and Aero-Space manufacture institute.Therefore, the conventional plate coil based on helix structure and the magnetic pulse formation method of disposable coil can not meet the demand that aluminium alloy minor diameter flanging bore is shaped, especially when aluminium alloy thick plate.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, to solve existing magnetic pulse forming techniques, flanging bore shaping is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials, have that coil life is low, work piece easy damaged and adopt that punching block flanging passage is many, forming quality is unstable, forming limit is low, is difficult to obtain the problem of the flanging bore part meeting technical requirement.The present invention is based on the magnetic pulse formation that column collection chinaware and solenoid coil realize aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for achieving the above object is:
A magnetic pulse formation device for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, it comprises magnetic field impulse control circuit, top board, collection chinaware spacing ring, column collection chinaware, locating ring, flange die, base plate and solenoid coil, described solenoid coil comprises coil rack and coil turn line, coil turn line is wound in spiral circle column and is potted in coil rack, flange die is fixed on base plate upper surface, the lateral wall of locating ring is provided with ring-shaped platform, locating ring is divided into two sections by ring-shaped platform, the hypomere of locating ring is arranged in flange die, the epimere of locating ring is arranged in column collection chinaware, collection chinaware spacing ring is arranged on column collection chinaware upper surface, solenoid coil is set on the lateral wall of column collection chinaware and collection chinaware spacing ring, collection chinaware spacing ring, column collection chinaware, solenoid coil, locating ring and flange die are coaxially arranged, the sidewall of column collection chinaware axially has the longitudinal joint communicated with inner chamber along it, top board is arranged on collection chinaware spacing ring and coil rack upper surface, before magnetic pulse formation, described aluminum alloy plate materials is arranged between flange die and coil rack, the pre-manufactured hole coaxial with flange die is provided with in the middle part of aluminum alloy plate materials, ring-shaped platform is arranged in the pre-manufactured hole of aluminum alloy plate materials, and the column collection chinaware lower surface corresponding with aluminum alloy plate materials is called the workspace of column collection chinaware, an output of magnetic field impulse control circuit is connected with terminals of coil turn line through coil rack, and another terminals of coil turn line stretch out in coil rack, and are connected with another output of magnetic field impulse control circuit.
Utilize magnetic pulse formation device to realize a method for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, said method comprising the steps of:
Step one: according to magnetic pulse forming process principle, to Capacitor banks charging, when Capacitor banks is charged to 3 ~ 20kV, then disconnects the charging circuit be made up of high-tension transformer, rectifier, current-limiting resistor and Capacitor banks;
Step 2: high-voltage switch gear closes, the electric energy be stored in Capacitor banks is discharged to coil turn line by lead-in wire, electric current due to coil turn line has the characteristic of transient attenuation concussion, according to the law of electromagnetic induction and kelvin effect, 20 ~ 200kA induced-current is produced on column collection chinaware outer wall top layer, induced-current flow into the surface, workspace of column collection chinaware along the longitudinal joint on column collection chinaware outer wall top layer and sidewall, the upper surface that variation magnetic field is being placed in the aluminum alloy plate materials below column collection chinaware workspace that this induced-current is corresponding produces induced-current, this induced-current and the enhancing magnetic field interaction be constrained in column collection chinaware and aluminum alloy plate materials gap, produce downward vertically, act on the pulse magnet field force in aluminum alloy plate materials district to be formed, under this pulse magnet field force effect, district to be formed is downwards with the two-forty motion and deformation of 30 ~ 100m/s, until with flange die Contact-impact, thus obtain the aluminium alloy flanging bore part after being shaped.
The present invention comprises following beneficial effect: the magnetic pulse formation device and method that the present invention proposes a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, line solenoid coil structures is relative to dull and stereotyped helical coil structure, solenoid coil is axially symmetric structure, self structure intensity is high, magnetic field energy to changes mechanical energy efficiency high (the corresponding magnetic field energy of solenoid coil to changes mechanical energy efficiency between 10 ~ 20%, and plate coil is generally between 3 ~ 10%), by column collection chinaware, the axial magnetic field in solenoid coil inner surface and column collection chinaware outer surface gap and radial magnetic field power be converted into collection chinaware workspace and aluminum alloy plate materials interval gap to be deformed in radial magnetic field and axial force of magnetic field.Under this axial force of magnetic field effect, the high efficiency realizing aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore is shaped.Thus solve the problems such as existing punching block flanging passage is many, forming quality is unstable, forming limit is low, solve the technical problems such as the coil life that the magnetic pulse formation based on plate coil exists is low, work piece is damaged simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of the magnetic pulse formation device of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore of the present invention, and in figure, arrow direction is Impact direction, and P is applied pressure; Fig. 2 is the main sectional view of aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 after being shaped; Fig. 3 is the main sectional view of the building mortion forming said alloy plate minor diameter flanging bore utilized in Fig. 1.
Component names in figure and label as follows:
Magnetic field impulse control circuit 1, top board 3, collection chinaware spacing ring 4, coil rack 5, coil turn line 6, column collection chinaware 7, longitudinal joint 7-1, locating ring 8, ring-shaped platform 8-1, aluminum alloy plate materials 9, flange die 10, base plate 11, aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12, high-tension transformer 1-1, rectifier 1-2, current-limiting resistor 1-3, high-voltage switch gear 1-4, Capacitor banks 1-5, AC power 1-6, secondary coil 1-1-1, primary coil 1-1-2.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: as shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the magnetic pulse formation device of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore of present embodiment, it comprises magnetic field impulse control circuit 1, top board 3, collection chinaware spacing ring 4, column collection chinaware 7, locating ring 8, flange die 10, base plate 11 and solenoid coil, described solenoid coil comprises coil rack 5 and coil turn line 6, coil turn line 6 is wound in spiral circle column and is potted in coil rack 5, flange die 10 is fixed on base plate 11 upper surface, the lateral wall of locating ring 8 is provided with ring-shaped platform 8-1, locating ring 8 is divided into two sections by ring-shaped platform 8-1, the hypomere of locating ring 8 is arranged in flange die 10, the epimere of locating ring 8 is arranged in column collection chinaware 7, collection chinaware spacing ring 4 is arranged on column collection chinaware 7 upper surface, solenoid coil is set on the lateral wall of column collection chinaware 7 and collection chinaware spacing ring 4, collection chinaware spacing ring 4, column collection chinaware 7, solenoid coil, locating ring 8 and flange die 10 are coaxially arranged, the sidewall of column collection chinaware 7 axially has the longitudinal joint 7-1 communicated with inner chamber along it, top board 3 is arranged on collection chinaware spacing ring 4 and coil rack 5 upper surface, before magnetic pulse formation, described aluminum alloy plate materials 9 is arranged between flange die 10 and coil rack 5, the pre-manufactured hole coaxial with flange die 10 is provided with in the middle part of aluminum alloy plate materials 9, ring-shaped platform 8-1 is arranged in the pre-manufactured hole of aluminum alloy plate materials 9, and column collection chinaware 7 lower surface corresponding with aluminum alloy plate materials 9 is called the workspace of column collection chinaware 7, an output of magnetic field impulse control circuit 1 is connected with terminals of coil turn line 6 through coil rack 5, and another terminals of coil turn line 6 stretch out in coil rack 5, and are connected with another output of magnetic field impulse control circuit 1.Pre-manufactured hole diameter is 20-90mm.
The upper surface of top board 3 and the lower surface of base plate 11 are subjected to enough pressure, guarantee except aluminum alloy plate materials 9, and other shaping components remain on origin-location and indeformable in the pre-manufactured hole forming process of aluminum alloy plate materials 9.
Detailed description of the invention two: composition graphs 1 illustrates, magnetic field impulse control circuit 1 described in present embodiment comprises high-tension transformer 1-1, rectifier 1-2, current-limiting resistor 1-3, high-voltage switch gear 1-4, Capacitor banks 1-5 and AC power 1-6, one end of the secondary coil 1-1-1 of described high-tension transformer 1-1 is connected with the anode of rectifier 1-2, the negative electrode of rectifier 1-2 is connected with one end of current-limiting resistor 1-3, the other end of current-limiting resistor 1-3 is connected with the positive pole of high-voltage switch gear 1-4 with the positive pole of Capacitor banks 1-5, the negative pole of high-voltage switch gear 1-4 is as a described output of magnetic field impulse control circuit 1, the other end of the secondary coil 1-1-1 of high-tension transformer 1-1 and power supply ground, the negative pole of Capacitor banks 1-5 is connected and as another output described in magnetic field impulse control circuit 1, the two ends of primary coil 1-1-2 of high-tension transformer 1-1 are connected with the two ends of AC power 1-6.Capacitor banks 1-5 is high-voltage pulse capacitor.In present embodiment, undocumented technical characteristic is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: composition graphs 1 illustrates, the seam of longitudinal joint 7-1 described in present embodiment is wide is 0.3-1mm.This narrow slit, for cutting off induced-current directly in collection formation loop, chinaware outer wall top layer, realizes coil inner surface and collects chinaware outer wall gap internal magnetic field to transmit in collection chinaware workspace and aluminum alloy plate materials gap.Gap is too little, not easily implements gap insulation process, otherwise then the loss of gap internal magnetic field energy increases, and reduces magnetic field force amplitude, thus is unfavorable for flanging forming effect.In present embodiment, undocumented technical characteristic is identical with detailed description of the invention two.
Detailed description of the invention four: composition graphs 1 illustrates, column described in present embodiment integrates the material of chinaware 7 as copper alloy.There is high conductivity, high-strength characteristic.In present embodiment, undocumented technical characteristic is identical with detailed description of the invention three.
Detailed description of the invention five: composition graphs 1 ~ Fig. 3 illustrates, present embodiment utilize magnetic pulse formation device realize aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore method, said method comprising the steps of:
Step one: according to magnetic pulse forming process principle, Capacitor banks 1-5 is charged, when Capacitor banks 1-5 is charged to 3 ~ 20kV (for preset voltage value), then disconnect the charging circuit be made up of high-tension transformer 1-1, rectifier 1-2, current-limiting resistor 1-3 and Capacitor banks 1-5;
Step 2: high-voltage switch gear 1-4 closes, the electric energy be stored in Capacitor banks 1-5 discharges (discharge loop be made up of Capacitor banks 1-5 and solenoid coil is typical RLC loop) by lead-in wire to coil turn line 6, electric current due to coil turn line 6 has the characteristic of transient attenuation concussion, according to the law of electromagnetic induction and kelvin effect, 20 ~ 200kA induced-current is produced on column collection chinaware 7 outer wall top layer, induced-current flow into the surface, workspace of column collection chinaware 7 along the longitudinal joint 7-1 on column collection chinaware 7 outer wall top layer and sidewall, the upper surface that variation magnetic field is being placed in the aluminum alloy plate materials 9 below column collection chinaware 7 workspace that this induced-current is corresponding produces induced-current, this induced-current and the enhancing magnetic field interaction be constrained in column collection chinaware 7 and aluminum alloy plate materials 9 gap, produce downward vertically, (district to be formed refers to relative with the workspace of column collection chinaware 7 to act on aluminum alloy plate materials 9 district to be formed, from pre-manufactured hole edge radially in the annular region that width is within the scope of 1.0H ~ 1.5H, wherein H is the height of aluminium alloy flanging bore part after being shaped) pulse magnet field force, under this pulse magnet field force effect, district to be formed is downwards with the two-forty motion and deformation of 30 ~ 100m/s, until with flange die 10 Contact-impact, thus obtain the aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 after being shaped.The form accuracy (circularity) of aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 formed thereby can reach 0.2mm, and dimensional accuracy can reach below 0.2mm, and it is good that aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 formed thereby pastes mould, and straight side length meets associated specifications.Undocumented technical characteristic and detailed description of the invention two in present embodiment, three or four identical.
Application example 1:
Aluminum alloy plate materials trade mark 5A06, thickness of slab 4mm, flanging bore diameter is 60mm, aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 height H=13.2mm, flange die 10 radius of corner r=8mm (see Fig. 2).Calculating pre-manufactured hole diameter according to Sheet Metal Forming Technology feature is 50mm.The annular diameters being wound in spiral circle cylindrical coil is 92mm, coil turn line 6 sectional dimension 3 × 5mm
2, 16 circles, coil turn line 6 effective length 100mm, coil rack 5 height 160mm.Column collection chinaware 7 height 130mm, outer sidewall diameter 90mm, inner sidewall diameter 65mm, workspace internal diameter 40mm, the wide 0.4mm of longitudinal joint.Appointed condition: rated voltage and discharge energy are respectively 20kV and 20kJ.Under discharge voltage 15kV condition, flanging bore is shaped, and dimensional accuracy reaches 0.15mm.
Application example 2:
Aluminum alloy plate materials trade mark 5A02, thickness of slab 2mm, flanging bore diameter is 40mm, aluminium alloy flanging bore part 12 height H=11mm (see Fig. 2).Calculating pre-manufactured hole diameter according to Sheet Metal Forming Technology feature is 29mm.Flange die 10 radius of corner r=6mm.The annular diameters being wound in spiral circle cylindrical coil is 92mm, coil turn line 6 sectional dimension 3 × 5mm
2, 16 circles, coil turn line 6 effective length 100mm, coil rack 5 height 160mm.Column collection chinaware 7 height 130mm, outer sidewall diameter 90mm, madial wall 65mm, workspace internal diameter 20mm, the wide 0.4mm of longitudinal joint.Appointed condition: rated voltage and discharge energy are respectively 20kV and 20kJ.Under discharge voltage 10kV condition, flanging bore is shaped, and dimensional accuracy reaches 0.18mm.
Claims (5)
1. a magnetic pulse formation device for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, is characterized in that: it comprises magnetic field impulse control circuit (1), top board (3), collection chinaware spacing ring (4), column collection chinaware (7), locating ring (8), flange die (10), base plate (11) and solenoid coil, described solenoid coil comprises coil rack (5) and coil turn line (6), coil turn line (6) is wound in spiral circle column and is potted in coil rack (5), flange die (10) is fixed on base plate (11) upper surface, the lateral wall of locating ring (8) is provided with ring-shaped platform (8-1), locating ring (8) is divided into two sections by ring-shaped platform (8-1), the hypomere of locating ring (8) is arranged in flange die (10), the epimere of locating ring (8) is arranged in column collection chinaware (7), collection chinaware spacing ring (4) is arranged on column collection chinaware (7) upper surface, solenoid coil is set on the lateral wall of column collection chinaware (7) and collection chinaware spacing ring (4), collection chinaware spacing ring (4), column collection chinaware (7), solenoid coil, locating ring (8) and flange die (10) are coaxially arranged, the sidewall of column collection chinaware (7) axially has the longitudinal joint (7-1) communicated with inner chamber along it, top board (3) is arranged on collection chinaware spacing ring (4) and coil rack (5) upper surface, before magnetic pulse formation, described aluminum alloy plate materials (9) is arranged between flange die (10) and coil rack (5), aluminum alloy plate materials (9) middle part is provided with the pre-manufactured hole coaxial with flange die (10), ring-shaped platform (8-1) is arranged in the pre-manufactured hole of aluminum alloy plate materials (9), and column collection chinaware (7) lower surface corresponding with aluminum alloy plate materials (9) is called the workspace of column collection chinaware (7), an output of magnetic field impulse control circuit (1) is connected with terminals of coil turn line (6) through coil rack (5), another terminals of coil turn line (6) stretch out in coil rack (5), and are connected with another output of magnetic field impulse control circuit (1).
2. the magnetic pulse formation device of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described magnetic field impulse control circuit (1) comprises high-tension transformer (1-1), rectifier (1-2), current-limiting resistor (1-3), high-voltage switch gear (1-4), Capacitor banks (1-5) and AC power (1-6), one end of the secondary coil (1-1-1) of described high-tension transformer (1-1) is connected with the anode of rectifier (1-2), the negative electrode of rectifier (1-2) is connected with one end of current-limiting resistor (1-3), the other end of current-limiting resistor (1-3) is connected with the positive pole of high-voltage switch gear (1-4) with the positive pole of Capacitor banks (1-5), the negative pole of high-voltage switch gear (1-4) is as a described output of magnetic field impulse control circuit (1), the other end of the secondary coil (1-1-1) of high-tension transformer (1-1) and power supply ground, the negative pole of Capacitor banks (1-5) is connected and as another output described of magnetic field impulse control circuit (1), the two ends of the primary coil (1-1-2) of high-tension transformer (1-1) are connected with the two ends of AC power (1-6).
3. the magnetic pulse formation device of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the seam of described longitudinal joint (7-1) is wide is 0.3-1mm.
4. the magnetic pulse formation device of a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described column integrates the material of chinaware (7) as copper alloy, has high conductivity, high-strength characteristic.
5. utilize magnetic pulse formation device described in claim 2,3 or 4 to realize a method for aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore, it is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
Step one: according to magnetic pulse forming process principle, Capacitor banks (1-5) is charged, when Capacitor banks (1-5) is charged to 3 ~ 20kV, then disconnect the charging circuit be made up of high-tension transformer (1-1), rectifier (1-2), current-limiting resistor (1-3) and Capacitor banks (1-5);
Step 2: high-voltage switch gear (1-4) closes, the electric energy be stored in Capacitor banks (1-5) is discharged to coil turn line (6) by lead-in wire, electric current due to coil turn line (6) has the characteristic of transient attenuation concussion, according to the law of electromagnetic induction and kelvin effect, 20 ~ 200kA induced-current is produced on column collection chinaware (7) outer wall top layer, induced-current flow into the surface, workspace of column collection chinaware (7) along the longitudinal joint (7-1) on column collection chinaware (7) outer wall top layer and sidewall, the upper surface that variation magnetic field is being placed in the aluminum alloy plate materials (9) below column collection chinaware (7) workspace that this induced-current is corresponding produces induced-current, this induced-current and the enhancing magnetic field interaction be constrained in column collection chinaware (7) and aluminum alloy plate materials (9) gap, produce downward vertically, act on the pulse magnet field force in aluminum alloy plate materials (9) district to be formed, under this pulse magnet field force effect, district to be formed is downwards with the two-forty motion and deformation of 30 ~ 100m/s, until with flange die (10) Contact-impact, thus obtain the aluminium alloy flanging bore part (12) after being shaped.
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| CN201410127443.7A CN103861930B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | A kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore |
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| CN201410127443.7A CN103861930B (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-01 | A kind of magnetic pulse formation device and method of aluminum alloy plate materials minor diameter flanging bore |
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