CN102806262A - Device and method for axial loading to assist bulging of magnetic pulse pipe - Google Patents
Device and method for axial loading to assist bulging of magnetic pulse pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102806262A CN102806262A CN2012102772394A CN201210277239A CN102806262A CN 102806262 A CN102806262 A CN 102806262A CN 2012102772394 A CN2012102772394 A CN 2012102772394A CN 201210277239 A CN201210277239 A CN 201210277239A CN 102806262 A CN102806262 A CN 102806262A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for axial loading to assist bulging of a magnetic pulse pipe, relates to a device and a method for bulging of a magnetic pulse pipe, and aims to solve the problem of breakage due to the fact that when a pipe fitting is locally bulged by existing magnetic pulse forming technology, deformation of a pipe wall is uneven and the pipe wall is excessively thinned. A lead guiding block is connected with a rectangular bottom plate, an upper clamp block and a lower clamp block are connected with the rectangular bottom plate, a lead screw is connected with the lead screw guiding block in a threaded manner, bumps on two push plates are slidably arranged in guide grooves of the rectangular bottom plate, the right end of the lead screw is arranged in a lead screw limiting sleeve fixedly connected with the left push plate, a spring is arranged in spring limiting sleeves fixedly connected with the two push plates, a coil is arranged between the right push plate and a fixture, two lead wire sections of the coil are serially connected onto a discharge control switch, and a capacitor bank is serially connected with a power source. The method includes sleeving a pipe fitting on the coil; exerting axial pre-tightening force; and taking out the formed pipe fitting after discharge forming. The device and the method are used for bulging and machining pipe fittings difficult to form.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method of magnetic field impulse pipe bulging.
Background technology
Along with modern industry and science and technology development, people are increasingly high to the performance requirement of material, and the Accurate Shaping processing of some difficult moulding materials has become the technical problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.In recent years, in order effectively to cut down the consumption of energy and to alleviate environmental pollution, lightweight has become the main flow trend of modern structure design, is that lightweight, the application of the difficult moulding material of high strength in advanced manufacturing fields such as automobile, aerospace vehicles of representative increases day by day with the aluminium alloy.But well-known, the deformation at room temperature ability of aluminium alloy is relatively poor.When with common Sheet Metal Forming Technology aluminium alloy being carried out the quasistatic deformation processing, its forming limit is far below steel, very easily produces at high strain regions and breaks; Because rigidity is low, part unloading back resilience is bigger, and is easy to generate twisted phenomena, therefore greatly reduces dimensional accuracy.
Magnetic pulse formation is as a kind of high speed, and high-quality processing method has when the shaping aluminium alloy and can improve the aluminium alloy forming limit; Effectively control resilience, the component shaping precision is high; Process repeatability is high, easily is automated; Advantages such as surface of the work not damaged.Compare with common process, the amount of labour reduces, productivity ratio improves, save many materials.
But, because magnetic pulse formation is generally accomplished the two-forty deformation process in the time of microsecond level, only experienced the pure bulging distortion of no feed supplement usually, promptly only through surface area increase, the rapid attenuate realization of thickness forming process.Therefore, general magnetic pulse formation must be accompanied by problems such as tube wall deformation is inhomogeneous, excessive thinning consequently breaks in the local bulging process that realizes pipe fitting.
Summary of the invention
The device and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of a kind of axial loading adopts existing magnetic pulse formation technology in carrying out the local bulging process of pipe fitting, to have problems such as tube wall deformation is inhomogeneous, excessive thinning consequently breaks to solve.The present invention realizes axially " actively " feed supplement, through axial loading pipe fitting radial deformation is tending towards evenly, reduces the attenuate degree of tube wall.Apparatus of the present invention are simple, and pretightning force is easy to control, can improve the forming limit of pipe fitting, and deformation uniformity significantly improves.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be:
The device of the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of a kind of axial loading, said device comprises rectangle base plate, leading screw, leading screw guide pad, two push pedals, spring, pipe fitting stop collar, anchor clamps, baffle plate, coil, power supply, leading screw stop collar, pipe fitting sheath, capacitor group, discharge control switch and two spring stop collars; Two push pedals are respectively left push pedal and right push pedal, and anchor clamps are made up of last fixture block and following fixture block,
Leading screw guide pad, two push pedals, anchor clamps and baffle plates are set up in parallel on the rectangle base plate along the length direction of rectangle base plate from left to right successively, and leading screw guide pad and rectangle base plate removably connect, and baffle plate and rectangle base plate are affixed; The setting that reclines mutually of baffle plate and anchor clamps, last fixture block removably connects with following fixture block and rectangle base plate, and leading screw is along the length direction setting of rectangle base plate; And leading screw is threaded with the leading screw guide pad, and the bottom of each push pedal is provided with two projections, is provided with two guide grooves near each long side surface place on the rectangle base plate; Two guide grooves are offered along the length direction of rectangle base plate; Four projections and four corresponding one by one settings of guide groove, four projections and four guide grooves are slidingly connected, and an end of the left surface of left push pedal and leading screw stop collar is affixed; Each is affixed with an end of corresponding spring stop collar in two opposite flanks of two push pedals; The right flank of right push pedal and an end of pipe fitting sheath are affixed, and an end of the left surface of anchor clamps and pipe fitting stop collar is affixed, leading screw stop collar, pipe fitting sheath, pipe fitting stop collar and two spring stop collars and the coaxial setting of leading screw; The right-hand member of leading screw is arranged in the leading screw stop collar; The two ends of spring are arranged in two spring stop collars, and coil is arranged between right push pedal and the anchor clamps, and two lead segments of coil are fixed on the anchor clamps; Baffle plate is provided with through hole; The end of two lead segments of coil is passed the through hole of baffle plate and is connected on the discharge control switch through the capacitor group, is used for the discharge of control capacitance device group to coil, and the capacitor group is connected with power supply and is used for the charging of capacitor group.
The method of the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of a kind of axial loading, said method realizes by following step:
Step 1: lay pipe fitting: make spring be in free state earlier, take off left push pedal, spring and right push pedal more successively, pipe fitting is sleeved on the coil; And the two ends of pipe fitting are arranged in pipe fitting sheath and the pipe fitting stop collar, afterwards, the projection in left push pedal and the right push pedal is arranged in the guide groove of base plate; And the two ends of spring are arranged in two spring stop collars; The turn leading screw makes leading screw move right and leans on the pipe fitting stop collar again, and makes the spring compression; The decrement of control spring makes pipe fitting receive the effect of 0 ~ 10kN axial pre tightening force;
Step 2: discharge is shaped: the capacitor group is connected with power supply, and at this moment, discharge control switch is in off-state, connects power supply; Realize the charging of capacitor group, power supply voltage is 220V or 380V, and capacitor group capacitance is 380 μ F-2400 μ F, and this loop is broken off in capacitor group charging back; Close discharge control switch, the capacitor group is to coil discharge, and discharge voltage is 2kV-5kV; Discharge frequency is 3kHz-10kHz, and pulse current is 10kA-50kA, the high-strength pulse-current flowing through coil; In coil, produce the pulsed magnetic field of transient state, make the inner tubal wall face of pipe fitting produce inductive loop, direction and the direction of the winding current that this inductive loop produces are opposite; Produce repulsive force between coil and pipe fitting, make pipe fitting, the moment completion of whole forming process by bulging;
Step 3: take out the shaping pipe fitting: the turn leading screw, leading screw is moved to the left, and makes spring be in free state, takes off left push pedal, spring and right push pedal successively, the shaping pipe fitting is taken out get final product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is based on the thought of pipe fitting axial pressure feeding, be attached to it in the two-forty magnetic pulse formation process, before magnetic pulse formation, pipe fitting is applied axial pre tightening force.The present invention compares with traditional magnetic field impulse pipe bulging, has changed stress, has improved the axial flow ability, thereby has improved formability, improves tube wall deformation uniformity and forming limit, can be used to the bulging processing of some difficult shaping pipe fittings.
Concrete advantage of the present invention is following:
(1) adopt electromagnetic force to drive, its forming process moment completion, the two-forty radial deformation of realization pipe fitting, the forming limit of raising material.
(2) before pipe fitting magnetic field impulse bulging, load axial pre tightening force, change pipe fitting axial stress strain regime, realize axially " actively " feed supplement, compensation makes the tube wall thickness distortion be tending towards even because of radially becoming the tube wall excessive thinning that possibly occur greatly or breaking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the device of the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of axial loading of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a does not have pretightning force to make the distortion pipe fitting bulging figure of time spent, and Fig. 3 b is the distortion pipe fitting bulging figure under the effect of 4.32kN pretightning force.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: combination 1 and Fig. 2 explanation; The device of the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of the axial loading of this embodiment, said device comprise rectangle base plate 1, leading screw 4, leading screw guide pad 5, two push pedals, spring 7, pipe fitting stop collar 10, anchor clamps 13, baffle plate 14, coil 15, power supply 16, leading screw stop collar 19, pipe fitting sheath 21, capacitor group C, discharge control switch K and two spring stop collars 20; Two push pedals are respectively left push pedal 6 and right push pedal 8, and anchor clamps are made up of with following fixture block 18 last fixture block 17,
Leading screw guide pad 5, two push pedals, anchor clamps 13 and baffle plates 14 are set up in parallel on rectangle base plate 1 along the length direction of rectangle base plate 1 from left to right successively; Leading screw guide pad 5 (through four first bolts 2 and four first nuts 3) removably connects with rectangle base plate 1; Baffle plate 14 is affixed with rectangle base plate 1, settings that recline mutually of baffle plate 14 and anchor clamps 13, and last fixture block 17 and following fixture block 18 and rectangle base plate 1 (through two second bolts 11 and two second nuts 12) removably connect; Leading screw 4 is along the length direction setting of rectangle base plate 1; And leading screw 4 is threaded with leading screw guide pad 5, and the bottom of each push pedal is provided with two projections 24, is provided with two guide grooves 23 near each long side surface place on the rectangle base plate 1; Two guide grooves 23 are offered along the length direction of rectangle base plate 1; Four projections 24 and four corresponding one by one settings of guide groove 23, four projections 24 and four guide grooves 23 are slidingly connected, and an end of the left surface of left push pedal 6 and leading screw stop collar 19 is affixed; Each is affixed with an end of corresponding spring stop collar 20 in two opposite flanks of two push pedals; The right flank of right push pedal 8 and an end of pipe fitting sheath 21 are affixed, an end of the left surface of anchor clamps 13 and pipe fitting stop collar 10 affixed (being provided with the shoulder end face in the pipe fitting stop collar 10), leading screw stop collar 19, pipe fitting sheath 21, pipe fitting stop collar 10 and two spring stop collars 20 and leading screw 4 coaxial settings; The right-hand member of leading screw 4 is arranged in the leading screw stop collar 19; The two ends of spring 7 are arranged on (with level one tropism of assurance power loading) in two spring stop collars 20, and coil 15 is arranged between right push pedal 8 and the anchor clamps 13, and two lead segments of coil 15 are fixed on the anchor clamps 13; Baffle plate 14 is provided with through hole 22; The end of two lead segments of coil 15 is passed the through hole 22 of baffle plate 14 and is connected on the discharge control switch K through capacitor group C, is used for the discharge of control capacitance device group C to coil, and capacitor group C connects with power supply 16 and is used for capacitor group C charging.
The specific embodiment two: combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 explanation; The said coil 15 of this embodiment twines many circles by solid conductor spiral on coil rack and constitutes; Separate with high voltage insulating materials between the two adjacent rings lead, coil 15 surfaces cover with high voltage insulating materials (like Kapton or glass epoxy silk cloth).Undocumented technical characterictic is identical with the specific embodiment one in this embodiment.
The specific embodiment three: combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 to explain, the said spring of this embodiment 7 is by 60Si
2The Mn material is processed.So design, owing to need bigger axial pre tightening force to exert an influence to pipe fitting 9 bulgings, and 60Si
2The Mn elastic properties of materials is good, and temper resistance is good, is applicable to big load spring.Undocumented technical characterictic is identical with the specific embodiment one in this embodiment.
The specific embodiment four: combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 explanation, the method for the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of the axial loading of this embodiment is to adopt the specific embodiment one, two or three said devices to realize that concrete performing step is following:
Step 1: lay pipe fitting 9: make spring 7 be in free state earlier, take off left push pedal 6, spring 7 and right push pedal 8 more successively, pipe fitting 8 is sleeved on the coil 15; And the two ends of pipe fitting 9 are arranged in pipe fitting sheath 21 and the pipe fitting stop collar 10, afterwards, the projection 24 in left push pedal 6 and the right push pedal 8 is arranged in the guide groove 23 of base plate 1; And the two ends of spring 7 are arranged in two spring stop collars 20; The turn leading screw 4 again, make leading screw 4 move right and lean on pipe fitting stop collar 10, and make spring 7 compressions; The decrement of control spring 7 makes pipe fitting 9 receive the effect of 0 ~ 10kN axial pre tightening force;
Step 2: discharge is shaped: capacitor group C connects with power supply 16, and at this moment, discharge control switch K is in off-state, connects power supply 16; Realize the charging of capacitor group C, power supply 16 voltages are 220V or 380V, and capacitor group C capacitance is 380 μ F-2400 μ F, and this loop is broken off in capacitor group C charging back; Close discharge control switch K, capacitor group C is to coil 15 discharges, and discharge voltage is 2kV-5kV; Discharge frequency is 3kHz-10kHz, and pulse current is 10kA-50kA, high-strength pulse-current flowing through coil 15; In coil 15, produce the pulsed magnetic field of transient state, make the inner tubal wall face of pipe fitting 9 produce inductive loop, direction and coil 15 current opposite in direction that this inductive loop produces; 9 of coil 15 and pipe fittings produce repulsive force, make pipe fitting 9 by bulging, the moment completion of whole forming process;
Step 3: take out shaping pipe fitting 9: turn leading screw 4, leading screw 4 is moved to the left, and makes spring 7 be in free state, takes off left push pedal 6, spring 7 and right push pedal 8 successively, shaping pipe fitting 9 is taken out get final product.
In order to obtain more satisfactory bulging pipe fitting, can change the size of pretightning force, optimize the matching relationship of discharge parameter and pretightning force.
But this embodiment also bi-directional axial loads, and load derives from spring, hydraulic coupling or aerodynamic force etc., and the push-in stroke of Control Shaft in being carried in deformation process flexibly.
The specific embodiment five: combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 explanation, in the step 2 of this embodiment, capacitor group C capacitance is 768 μ F, and discharge voltage is 3.5kV, and discharge frequency is 8kHz, and pulse current is 40kA.Realize the transient state bulging distortion of tubing middle part.Undocumented technical characterictic is identical with the specific embodiment four in this embodiment.
Pipe fitting 9 in this embodiment is a metal tube, as: 3A21,5A06 and 6061 high strength alumin ium alloy pipe fittings.
Embodiment 1: under the device discharge voltage 3600V that axially loads auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging, capacitance 768 μ F parameter conditions; The 3A21 aluminium alloy pipe fitting of wall thickness 1.2mm, external diameter 50mm is under traditional magnetic field impulse bulging; Tube wall produces excessive thinning; And occurred axially breaking that (like Fig. 3 a), at this moment, the maximum bulging diameter of this aluminium alloy pipe is 72.50mm in the part.Constant at former discharge parameter, load under the condition of axial pre tightening force 4.32kN at this aluminium alloy pipe fitting one end simultaneously, realize the magnetic field impulse bulging through discharge.Be out of shape tube wall and excessive thinning do not occurred, axial fracture phenomena (like Fig. 3 b) does not more take place, the maximum bulging diameter that be out of shape pipe fitting this moment is 74.15mm.
Embodiment 2: under the device discharge voltage 4100V that axially loads auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging, capacitance 1140 μ F parameter conditions; The T2 red copper pipe fitting of wall thickness 1.0mm, external diameter 50mm is under traditional magnetic field impulse bulging; Tube wall produces excessive thinning; And occurred axially breaking in the part, at this moment, the maximum bulging diameter of this red copper tubing is 78.2mm.Constant at former discharge parameter, load under the condition of axial pre tightening force 7.20kN at this red copper pipe fitting one end simultaneously, realize the magnetic field impulse bulging through discharge.Be out of shape tube wall and excessive thinning do not occurred, axial fracture phenomena does not more take place, the maximum bulging diameter that be out of shape pipe fitting this moment is 83.30mm.
Following to the technological principle that pipe fitting axially loads auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging based on device of the present invention: coil 15 is connected with capacitor group C (high-voltage energy storage); Capacitor group C charging back discharge; High-frequency, high-strength pulse-current flowing through coil 15 produce transient pulse magnetic field in coil 15.According to the law of electromagnetic induction, produce the inductive impulse eddy current at pipe fitting 9 superficial layers, the current opposite in direction of this sense of current and coil 15 also produces pulsed magnetic field in the space.In coil 15 and pipe fitting 9 gaps; Coil 15 current fields and mutual superposition identical with the induced-current magnetic direction; The magnetic field of this stack has expansion feature; Make the inner surface of pipe fitting 9 receive very big magnetic pressure effect, when force value surpassed the yield limit of pipe fitting 9 materials, the bulging distortion just took place in pipe fitting 9.Meanwhile, pipe fitting 9 receives the effect of axial compressive force all the time in the bulging process, and this axial compressive force is ordered about material and flowed to the bulging deformed area, has changed the stress and the deformation characteristics of bulging deformed area, realizes positive feed supplement.Whole forming process is accomplished to the hundreds of microsecond tens.
Claims (5)
1. one kind axially loads the device of assisting magnetic field impulse pipe bulging, and it is characterized in that: said device comprises rectangle base plate (1), leading screw (4), leading screw guide pad (5), two push pedals, spring (7), pipe fitting stop collar (10), anchor clamps (13), baffle plate (14), coil (15), power supply (16), leading screw stop collar (19), pipe fitting sheath (21), capacitor group (C), discharge control switch (K) and two spring stop collars (20); Two push pedals are respectively left push pedal (6) and right push pedal (8), and anchor clamps are made up of last fixture block (17) and following fixture block (18),
Leading screw guide pad (5), two push pedals, anchor clamps (13) and baffle plates (14) are set up in parallel on rectangle base plate (1) along the length direction of rectangle base plate (1) from left to right successively; Leading screw guide pad (5) removably connects with rectangle base plate (1); Baffle plate (14) is affixed with rectangle base plate (1); The setting that reclines mutually of baffle plate (14) and anchor clamps (13); Last fixture block (17) and following fixture block (18) removably connect with rectangle base plate (1), and leading screw (4) is along the length direction setting of rectangle base plate (1), and leading screw (4) is threaded with leading screw guide pad (5); The bottom of each push pedal is provided with two projections (24); Rectangle base plate (1) is gone up and is provided with two guide grooves (23) near each long side surface place, and two guide grooves (23) are offered along the length direction of rectangle base plate (1), four projections (24) and the corresponding one by one setting of four guide grooves (23); Four projections (24) are slidingly connected with four guide grooves (23); The left surface of left side push pedal (6) and an end of leading screw stop collar (19) are affixed, and each is affixed with an end of corresponding spring stop collar (20) in two opposite flanks of two push pedals, and an end of the right flank of right push pedal (8) and pipe fitting sheath (21) is affixed; One end of the left surface of anchor clamps (13) and pipe fitting stop collar (10) is affixed; Leading screw stop collar (19), pipe fitting sheath (21), pipe fitting stop collar (10) and two spring stop collars (20) are arranged in the leading screw stop collar (19) with the coaxial setting of leading screw (4), the right-hand member of leading screw (4), and the two ends of spring (7) are arranged in two spring stop collars (20); Coil (15) is arranged between right push pedal (8) and the anchor clamps (13); Two lead segments of coil (15) are fixed on the anchor clamps (13), and baffle plate (14) is provided with through hole (22), and the end of two lead segments of coil (15) is passed the through hole (22) of baffle plate (14) and is connected on the discharge control switch (K) through capacitor group (C); Be used for the discharge of control capacitance device group (C) to coil, capacitor group (C) is connected with power supply (16) and is used for capacitor group (C) charging.
2. assist the device of magnetic field impulse pipe bulging according to the said axial loading of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said coil (15) twines many circles by solid conductor spiral on coil rack and constitutes; Separate with high voltage insulating materials between the two adjacent rings lead, coil 15 surfaces are with the embedding of high pressure high-strength insulation material.
3. according to the device of the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of the said axial loading of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said spring (7) is by 60Si
2The Mn material is processed.
4. one kind is utilized claim 1,2 or 3 said devices to realize axially loading the method for assisting magnetic field impulse pipe bulging, and it is characterized in that: said method realizes by following step:
Step 1: lay pipe fitting (9): make spring (7) be in free state earlier; Take off left push pedal (6), spring (7) and right push pedal (8) more successively, pipe fitting (8) is sleeved on the coil (15), and the two ends of pipe fitting (9) are arranged in pipe fitting sheath (21) and the pipe fitting stop collar (10); Afterwards; Projection (24) in left push pedal (6) and the right push pedal (8) is arranged in the guide groove (23) of base plate 1, and the two ends of spring (7) are arranged in two spring stop collars (20), again turn leading screw (4); Make leading screw (4) move right and lean on pipe fitting stop collar (10); And making spring (7) compression, the decrement of control spring (7) makes pipe fitting (9) receive the effect of 0 ~ 10kN axial pre tightening force;
Step 2: discharge is shaped: capacitor group (C) is connected with power supply (16), and at this moment, discharge control switch K is in off-state; Connect power supply (16), realize the charging of capacitor group (C), power supply (16) voltage is 220V or 380V; Capacitor group (C) capacitance is 380 μ F-2400 μ F, and this loop is broken off in capacitor group (C) charging back, closes discharge control switch (K); Capacitor group (C) is to coil (15) discharge, and discharge voltage is 2kV-5kV, and discharge frequency is 3kHz-10kHz; Pulse current is 10kA-50kA, high-strength pulse-current flowing through coil (15), the pulsed magnetic field of generation transient state in coil (15); Make the inner tubal wall face of pipe fitting (9) produce inductive loop, direction and coil (15) current opposite in direction that this inductive loop produces produce repulsive force between coil (15) and pipe fitting (9); Make pipe fitting (9) by bulging, the moment completion of whole forming process;
Step 3: take out shaping pipe fitting (9): turn leading screw (4), leading screw (4) is moved to the left, and makes spring (7) be in free state, takes off left push pedal (6), spring (7) and right push pedal (8) successively, shaping pipe fitting (9) is taken out get final product.
5. according to the method for the auxiliary magnetic field impulse pipe bulging of the said axial loading of claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the step 2, capacitor group (C) capacitance is 768 μ F, and discharge voltage is 3.5kV, and discharge frequency is 8kHz, and pulse current is 40kA.
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