CN101370916B - 单羧酸和多环烃化合物的混合物在改善燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途 - Google Patents
单羧酸和多环烃化合物的混合物在改善燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101370916B CN101370916B CN2007800026122A CN200780002612A CN101370916B CN 101370916 B CN101370916 B CN 101370916B CN 2007800026122 A CN2007800026122 A CN 2007800026122A CN 200780002612 A CN200780002612 A CN 200780002612A CN 101370916 B CN101370916 B CN 101370916B
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- fuel additive
- mixture
- hydrocarbon compounds
- carboxylic
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- -1 polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 15
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005518 carboxamido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 24
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- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl nitrate Chemical compound CCO[N+]([O-])=O IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (-)-ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid Natural products C1CCC(C(O)=O)(C)C2C1(C)C1CCC(C=C)(C)C=C1CC2 MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MXYATHGRPJZBNA-KRFUXDQASA-N isopimaric acid Chemical compound [C@H]1([C@](CCC2)(C)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@@](C=C)(C)CC2=CC1 MXYATHGRPJZBNA-KRFUXDQASA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-APQLOABGSA-N (+)-Pimaric acid Chemical compound [C@H]1([C@](CCC2)(C)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@](C=C)(C)C=C2CC1 MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-APQLOABGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydroabietic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1(C)CCCC2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CCC21 NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N EtOH Substances CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KGMSWPSAVZAMKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Me ester-3, 22-Dihydroxy-29-hopanoic acid Natural products C1CCC(C(O)=O)(C)C2C1(C)C1CCC(=C(C)C)C=C1CC2 KGMSWPSAVZAMKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MLBYBBUZURKHAW-MISYRCLQSA-N Palustric acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)[C@@H]1CCC1=C2CCC(C(C)C)=C1 MLBYBBUZURKHAW-MISYRCLQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000351396 Picea asperata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-MISYRCLQSA-N dehydroabietic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-MISYRCLQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940118781 dehydroabietic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229940082615 organic nitrates used in cardiac disease Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PSTVZBXGCKLSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-methylcyclohexyl) nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OC1(C)CCCCC1 PSTVZBXGCKLSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLJOBIJKBAHJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl) nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OC1(C(C)C)CCCCC1 OLJOBIJKBAHJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDSVGJAUFNXYRR-TUNPWDSISA-N (2s)-n-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]-1-[(2r)-2-(methylamino)-3-phenylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C([C@@H](NC)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)NCC1CCC(N)CC1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MDSVGJAUFNXYRR-TUNPWDSISA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWXGQQXFKHZCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropyl nitrate Chemical compound CCC(OC)O[N+]([O-])=O HWXGQQXFKHZCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UENFRVTUGZKXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-yl nitrate Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O[N+]([O-])=O UENFRVTUGZKXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNNXFUZKZLXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl nitrate Chemical compound CC(C)CO[N+]([O-])=O LNNXFUZKZLXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHGIYFSMNNHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutyl nitrate Chemical compound CC(C)CCO[N+]([O-])=O NTHGIYFSMNNHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWWVEQKPFPXLGL-ONCXSQPRSA-N L-Pimaric acid Chemical compound [C@H]1([C@](CCC2)(C)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@H]2CC=C(C(C)C)C=C2CC1 RWWVEQKPFPXLGL-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWWVEQKPFPXLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Levopimaric acid Natural products C1CCC(C(O)=O)(C)C2C1(C)C1CC=C(C(C)C)C=C1CC2 RWWVEQKPFPXLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N amyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HLYOOCIMLHNMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OC1CCCCC1 HLYOOCIMLHNMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGDYNDJUZRMYRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl nitrate Chemical class CCCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O AGDYNDJUZRMYRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAPFWGOSHOCNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl nitrate Chemical compound CC(C)O[N+]([O-])=O GAPFWGOSHOCNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRMHVVPPGGOAJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl nitrate Chemical group CO[N+]([O-])=O LRMHVVPPGGOAJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXQBMQNFXYOIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O TXQBMQNFXYOIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003443 succinic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AZAKMLHUDVIDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl nitrate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[N+]([O-])=O AZAKMLHUDVIDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
- C10L1/1883—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom polycarboxylic acid
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及(A)具有12-24个碳原子的脂族饱和或不饱和单羧酸或其二聚或三聚产物或其铵盐、酰胺、酯或腈，和(B)可由已从树脂中提取的天然油蒸馏残余物中得到的多环烃化合物的混合物在改善包含至少一种清净剂和至少一种十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途，其中所述混合物以基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量0.7-20重量％的浓度使用。
Description
本发明涉及特定浓度范围内的脂族饱和或不饱和相对长链单羧酸或其衍生物和多环烃化合物的混合物在改善包含至少一种清净剂和至少一种十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途。本发明进一步涉及以特定比包含基于琥珀酸酐的清净剂、十六烷值改进剂和上述混合物的燃料添加剂浓缩物。
在炼油厂中，在将燃料添加剂浓缩物生产以后且在将它们混入燃料中以前，通常将燃料添加剂浓缩物长期保留在运输和储存容器中。此停留时间可以为几周至几个月。在此期间，燃料添加剂浓缩物常常趋于浑浊、组分分离并在一些情况下甚至沉淀。
US-A 5591237(1)公开了包含基于琥珀酸酐，尤其是聚异丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺的清净剂和十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性可通过以1500-10000ppm的量加入硝酸、盐酸或脂族单羧酸而改善。在(1)的实施例中，在其他化合物中，表明浓缩物中浓度为6000ppm的油酸和浓度为10000ppm的盐酸为储存稳定性的有效改进剂。
EP-A 890631(2)描述了包含基于酰化氮化合物，例如聚异丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺的无灰清净剂和相对长链羧酸或其酯并产生改善的燃料油润滑性和燃料油更好的溶解性的添加剂组合物。
WO 98/04656(3)描述了包含脂族饱和或不饱和相对长链单羧酸或其衍生物和尤其由妥尔油得到的多环烃化合物的燃料添加剂在改善具有低硫含量的柴油燃料的润滑性能中的用途。
本发明的目的是进一步改善包含清净剂和十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性。
因此，我们发现如下组分的混合物在改善包含至少一种清净剂和至少一种十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途：
(A)具有12-24个碳原子的脂族饱和或不饱和单羧酸或其二聚或三聚产物，其也可作为游离羧酸和/或以铵盐、酰胺、酯和/或腈的形式存在，和
(B)可由已从树树脂中提取的天然油的蒸馏残余物中得到的多环烃化合物，
其中组分(A)与(B)的混合物以基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量0.7-20重量％的浓度使用。
所述混合物中的组分(A)优选包含具有14-20个碳原子，尤其是16-18个碳原子的脂族饱和或不饱和单羧酸。这些单羧酸通常为线性的。对于组分(A)，有用的单羧酸尤其是天然存在的脂肪酸，尤其是具有14-20个碳原子，尤其是16-18个碳原子的那些。这种单羧酸或脂肪酸的典型代表为月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和反油酸。组分(A)可仅由这种单羧酸或脂肪酸或优选由两种或多种这种单羧酸或脂肪酸的混合物组成。例如如从菜籽油、豆油或妥尔油得到的天然存在的脂肪酸通常为多种这种单羧酸的混合物。
天然来源为树树脂，尤其是来自松树或云杉的针叶树树脂的组分(B)由一种或优选多种所谓的树脂酸形成。树脂酸为含羧基的多环烃化合物。作为最重要的代表，它们包括松香酸、脱氢松香酸、二氢松香酸、四氢松香酸、新松香酸、长叶松酸、海松酸、异海松酸和左旋海松酸。这些树脂酸也可部分以氧化形式作为所谓的含氧酸存在。
在优选实施方案中，组分(A)和(B)以65∶35-99.9∶0.1，尤其是90∶10-99.9∶0.1，特别是97∶3-99.9∶0.1的重量比用于所述混合物中。
特别适合的组分(A)与(B)的混合物为妥尔油脂肪酸和二聚妥尔油脂肪酸。妥尔油脂肪酸由通过富含树脂的木材类型，尤其是云杉或松木浸煮得到的妥尔油制备。妥尔油脂肪酸为其中主要为C18不饱和单羧酸，尤其是油酸、亚油酸和共轭C18脂肪酸以及5，9，12-十八烷三烯酸的脂肪酸，树脂酸和如果合适的话含氧酸(即氧化脂肪酸和树脂酸)的混合物。树脂酸形成所谓的妥尔树脂，其中除其他树脂酸以外，可检测到主要为松香酸、脱氢松香酸和长叶松酸和小部分二氢松香酸、新松香酸、海松酸和异海松酸。在最优质的妥尔油脂肪酸中，脂肪酸含量为至少97重量％，妥尔树脂含量为至多3重量％。
通过浸煮、提取和蒸馏方法从树树脂中回收妥尔油脂肪酸和树脂酸为本领域技术人员已知的，因此在这里不需要详细解释。
在二聚妥尔油脂肪酸中，脂肪酸组分(A)以二聚形式存在。单羧酸或脂肪酸的二聚和三聚可通过常规用于此目的且原则上为本领域技术人员已知的方法进行。
组分(A)的单羧酸或脂肪酸或它们的二聚或三聚产物可作为游离羧酸和/或铵盐如NH4盐或取代的铵盐如单-、二-、三-或四甲基铵盐和/或以酰胺、酯和/或腈的形式存在。通常的酰胺结构具有-CO-NH2、-CO-NH-烷基或-CO-N(烷基)2结构部分，其中这里“烷基”尤其表示C1-C4烷基如甲基或乙基。酯结构通常包括C1-C4链烷醇酯如甲基或乙基酯基团。
所述燃料添加剂浓缩物原则上可用于添加任何燃料或燃料油。然而，它们尤其适于添加柴油燃料(中间馏分燃料)。柴油燃料(中间馏分燃料)通常为沸点为100-400℃的粗油残油液。这些通常为95％达360℃或甚至更高的馏出物。它们也可以为所谓的“超低硫柴油”或“城市柴油”，其特征为95％例如为不大于345℃，硫含量不大于0.005重量％，或95％例如为285℃，硫含量为不大于0.001重量％。除可通过精炼得到的主要成分为相对长链石蜡的柴油外，适合的柴油燃料为可通过冷气化或气体液化得到的那些[“气变液”(GTL)燃料]。适合的还有上述柴油燃料与可更新燃料如生物柴油或生物乙醇的混合物。特别有利的是具有低硫含量，即硫含量为小于0.05重量％，优选小于0.02重量％，特别是小于0.005重量％，尤其是小于0.001重量％硫的柴油燃料。柴油燃料也可例如以至多20重量％的量包含水，例如柴油-水微乳液的形式或作为所谓的“白色燃料”
清净剂(清净剂添加剂)通常指用于燃料，这里尤其是柴油燃料的沉积抑制剂。清净剂优选具有至少一个数均分子量(Mn)为85-20000，尤其是300-5000，特别是500-2500的疏水性烃基和至少一个极性结构部分的两亲物质。
在优选实施方案中，组分(A)与(B)的混合物用于改善除至少一种十六烷值改进剂外，包含至少一种具有衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的清净剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性。
此具有衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的清净剂更优选聚异丁烯基取代的琥珀酰亚胺。
包含衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的添加剂优选可通过常规或Mn为300-5000，尤其是Mn为500-2500的高反应性聚异丁烯与马来酸酐通过热路线或借助氯化聚异丁烯反应而得到的聚异丁烯基琥珀酸酐的相应衍生物。在本上下文中，特别有利的是具有脂族多胺的衍生物，例如乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺或四亚乙基五胺。具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分例如为羧酸基团，酸酰胺，除酰胺官能外还具有三个胺基团的二-或多胺的酸酰胺，具有酸和酰胺官能的琥珀酸衍生物，具有单胺的羧酰亚胺，除酰亚胺官能外还具有游离胺基团的二或多胺的羧酰亚胺，和通过二-或多胺与两种琥珀酸酐衍生物反应而形成的二酰亚胺。这种燃料添加剂尤其描述于US-A 4849572中。
所用的十六烷值改进剂(着火或燃烧改进剂)通常为有机硝酸酯。这种有机硝酸酯尤其是通常具有至多约10，尤其是具有2-10个碳原子的未取代或取代的脂族或环脂族醇的硝酸酯。这些硝酸酯中的烷基可以为线性或支化，饱和或不饱和的。这种硝酸酯的通常实例为硝酸甲酯、硝酸乙酯、硝酸正丙酯、硝酸异丙酯、硝酸烯丙酯、硝酸正丁酯、硝酸异丁酯、硝酸仲丁酯、硝酸叔丁酯、硝酸正戊酯、硝酸异戊酯、硝酸2-戊基酯、硝酸3-戊基酯、硝酸叔戊酯、硝酸正己酯、硝酸正庚酯、硝酸仲庚酯、硝酸正辛酯、硝酸2-乙基己酯、硝酸仲辛酯、硝酸正壬基、硝酸正癸基、硝酸环戊酯、硝酸环己酯、硝酸甲基环己基酯和硝酸异丙基环己基酯。适合的还例如为烷氧基取代的脂族醇的硝酸酯，例如硝酸2-乙氧基乙基酯、硝酸2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙基酯、硝酸1-甲氧基丙基酯或硝酸4-乙氧基丁基酯。适合的还有二醇硝酸酯，例如二硝酸1，6-己二酯。在所述十六烷值改进剂类别中，优选硝酸伯戊基酯、硝酸伯己基酯、硝酸辛酯及其混合物。
在优选实施方案中，组分(A)与(B)的混合物用于改善除至少一种清净剂外，包含硝酸2-乙基己基酯作为十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性。在这种情况下，硝酸2-乙基己基酯可作为单独的十六烷值改进剂或以与其他十六烷值改进剂的混合物存在。
除清净剂组分和十六烷值改进剂组分外，尤其适于添加柴油燃料(中间馏分燃料)的所述燃料添加剂浓缩物可包括其他常规添加剂组分，例如防腐剂、反乳化剂、消泡剂、抗氧化剂和稳定剂、防静电剂、润滑性改进剂、染料(标记剂)和/或溶剂和稀释剂。
在本发明上下文中，羧酸(A)和多环烃化合物(B)的混合物以0.7-20重量％，尤其是1.1-15重量％，特别是1.5-10重量％，更优选3-8重量％的量使用，每种情况下基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量。羧酸(A)和多环烃化合物(B)的混合物的使用浓度是关键的参数，这是由于已发现(1)中对于单羧酸(例如油酸)推荐的6000ppm(相当于0.6重量％)的剂量率不产生足够的燃料添加剂浓缩物储存稳定性。与(1)的教导相比，本发明中其他量的羧酸(A)和多环烃化合物(B)的混合物在燃料添加剂浓缩物的使用中也显示另外的积极作用；尤其是同时改善用其添加的低硫柴油燃料的润滑性。
由于一些所述燃料添加剂浓缩物构成新的物质混合物，本发明还提供一种每种情况下基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量包含如下组分的燃料添加剂浓缩物：
(a)0.5-60重量％，尤其是10-45重量％，特别是20-35重量％一种或多种具有衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的清净剂，
(b)0.5-80重量％，尤其是30-75重量％，特别是45-70重量％一种或多种十六烷值改进剂，优选硝酸2-乙基己基酯，单独或以与其他十六烷值改进剂的混合物，优选硝酸2-乙基己基酯，单独或以与其他十六烷值改进剂，和
(c)0.7-20重量％，特别是1.1-15重量％，尤其是1.5-10重量％上述羧酸(A)和多环烃化合物(B)的混合物。
如下实施例意欲进一步说明本发明而非限制它。
实施例1A(用于比较)和1B(本发明)
适用于柴油燃料的两种燃料添加剂浓缩物1A和1B具有表1所述的组成[重量％]：
表1
1A 1B
清净剂＊ 20.31 27.66
硝酸2-乙基己基酯作为十六烷值改进剂 46.87 63.83
妥尔油脂肪酸(脂肪酸含量：97重量％) 0 6.38
2-乙基己醇作为稀释剂 31.25 0
商业消泡剂 1.25 1.70
商业防腐剂 0.32 0.43
＊由聚异丁烯基取代的琥珀酸酐(聚异丁烯基的Mn：1000)和四亚乙基五胺形成的酰亚胺
储存实验结果：
甚至在40℃下储存2周以后，浓缩物1A明显变得浑浊，而浓缩物1B在40℃下储存50周以后保持清澈。
Claims (11)
1.如下组分的混合物在改善包含至少一种清净剂和至少一种十六烷值改进剂的燃料添加剂浓缩物的储存稳定性中的用途：
(A)具有12-24个碳原子的脂族饱和或不饱和单羧酸或其二聚或三聚产物，其任选作为游离羧酸和/或以铵盐、酰胺、酯和/或腈的形式存在，和
(B)含羧基且由已从树树脂中提取的天然油蒸馏残余物中得到的多环烃化合物，
其中组分(A)和(B)的混合物以基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量1.1-20重量％的浓度使用，
其中羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)以65∶35-99.9∶0.1的重量比存在于混合物中。
2.根据权利要求1的用途，其中所述燃料添加剂浓缩物包含至少一种具有衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的清净剂。
3.根据权利要求2的用途，其中所述燃料添加剂浓缩物包含至少一种聚异丁烯基取代的琥珀酰亚胺作为清净剂。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途，其中所述燃料添加剂浓缩物包含硝酸2-乙基己基酯作为十六烷值改进剂。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途，其中羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)以90∶10-99.9∶0.1的重量比存在于混合物中。
6.根据权利要求4的用途，其中羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)以90∶10-99.9∶0.1的重量比存在于混合物中。
7.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途，其中所用的羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)的混合物为妥尔油脂肪酸或二聚妥尔油脂肪酸。
8.根据权利要求6的用途，其中所用的羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)的混合物为妥尔油脂肪酸或二聚妥尔油脂肪酸。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途，其中羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)的混合物以基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量1.5-10重量％的量使用。
10.根据权利要求6或8的用途，其中羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)的混合物以基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量1.5-10重量％的量使用。
11.一种每种情况下基于燃料添加剂浓缩物的总量包含如下组分的燃料添加剂浓缩物：
(a)0.5-60重量％一种或多种具有衍生于琥珀酸酐且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的结构部分的清净剂，
(b)0.5-80重量％一种或多种十六烷值改进剂和
(c)0.7-20重量％根据权利要求1、5或8中任一项的羧酸(A)和含羧基的多环烃化合物(B)的混合物。
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| KR20130126669A (ko) | 2010-12-14 | 2013-11-20 | 바스프 에스이 | 연료 오일의 세탄가를 증가시키기 위한 모노카르복실산 및 폴리시클릭 탄화수소 화합물의 혼합물의 용도 |
| US20120144731A1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Basf Se | Use of mixtures of monocarboxylic acids and polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds for increasing the cetane number of fuel oils |
| CA2871360A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | Basf Se | Use of additives with detergent action for further increasing the cetane number of fuel oils |
| US20130276362A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-24 | Basf Se | Use of additives with detergent action for further increasing the cetane number of fuel oils |
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| CA3119081C (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2024-02-27 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Amino alkanediols and carboxylate salts as additives for improving fuel efficiency |
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| DE69004692T2 (de) * | 1990-09-20 | 1994-03-10 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives Ltd | Kohlenwasserstoffzusammensetzungen und Zusätze dafür. |
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| FR2751982B1 (fr) * | 1996-07-31 | 2000-03-03 | Elf Antar France | Additif d'onctuosite pour carburant moteurs et composition de carburants |
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| EP0330523A2 (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1989-08-30 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Friction modified oleaginous concentrates of improved stability |
| US5591237A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-01-07 | Ethyl Corporation | Fuel additive concentrate with enhanced storage stability |
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| US20090165364A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
| KR20080089450A (ko) | 2008-10-06 |
| BRPI0706618A2 (pt) | 2011-04-05 |
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