Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1885—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof resin acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
  • C10L1/1883—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom polycarboxylic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1888—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof tall oil
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
  • C10L1/1905—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
  • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/228—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles
  • C10L1/2286—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles containing one or more carbon to nitrogen triple bonds, e.g. nitriles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
  • C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of mixtures of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated relatively long-chain monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof and polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds in a specific concentration range for improving the storage stability of fuel additive concentrates which comprise at least one detergent and at least one cetane number improver.
• fuel additive concentrates which comprise at least one detergent and at least one cetane number improver.
• the invention further relates to a fuel additive concentrate which comprises detergents based on succinic anhydride, cetane number improvers and the abovementioned mixtures in specific ratios.
• fuel additive concentrates typically reside for a long period in transport and storage vessels. This residence time may be from a few weeks up to months. In the course of this, the fuel additive concentrates frequently tend to cloudiness, separation of the components and in some cases even to precipitation.
• U.S. Pat. No. 5,591,237 (1) discloses that the storage stability of fuel additive concentrates which comprise detergents based on succinic anhydride, especially polyisobutenylsuccinimides, and cetane number improvers can be improved by adding nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in an amount of from 1500 to 10 000 ppm.
• nitric acid especially polyisobutenylsuccinimides
• cetane number improvers can be improved by adding nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in an amount of from 1500 to 10 000 ppm.
• oleic acid in a concentration of 6000 ppm and hydrochloric acid in a concentration of 10 000 ppm in the concentrate are demonstrated to be effective improvers of storage stability.
• EP-A 890 631 (2) describes an additive composition which comprises an ashless detergent based on an acylated nitrogen compound, for example a polyisobutenylsuccinimide, and a relatively long-chain carboxylic acid or an ester thereof, and brings about improved lubricity of fuel oils and better solubility in the fuel oils.
• an acylated nitrogen compound for example a polyisobutenylsuccinimide
• a relatively long-chain carboxylic acid or an ester thereof brings about improved lubricity of fuel oils and better solubility in the fuel oils.
• WO 98/04656 (3) describes the use of a fuel additive composed of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated relatively long-chain monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof and polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds which are obtained in particular from tall oil for improving the improvement in the lubrication properties of diesel fuels with low sulfur content.
• fuel additive concentrates which comprise at least one detergent and at least one cetane number improver, the mixtures of components (A) and (B) being used in a concentration of from 0.7 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the fuel additive concentrate.
• Component (A) in the mixtures mentioned comprises preferably aliphatic saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular from 16 to 18 carbon atoms. These monocarboxylic acids are generally linear.
• useful monocarboxylic acids are in particular naturally occurring fatty acids, in particular those having from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular from 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Typical representatives of such monocarboxylic acids or fatty acids are lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and elaidic acid.
• Component (A) may consist only of one such monocarboxylic acid or fatty acid or preferably of a mixture of two or more such monocarboxylic acids or fatty acids.
• Naturally occurring fatty acids as obtained, for example, from rapeseed oil, soya oil or tall oil, are generally mixtures of a plurality of such monocarboxylic acids.
• Component (B) whose natural origin is tree resins, in particular conifer resins from pines or spruces, is formed from one or preferably more so-called resin acids.
• Resin acids are carboxyl-containing polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds. They include, as the most important representatives, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid, dihydroabietic acid, tetrahydroabietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and levopimaric acid. These resin acids may partly also be present in oxidized form as so-called oxy acids.
• components (A) and (B) are used in the mixtures mentioned in a weight ratio of from 65:35 to 99.9:0.1, especially from 90:10 to 99.9:01, in particular from 97:3 to 99.9:0.1.
• Tall oil fatty acid is prepared from tall oil which is obtained by digestion of resin-rich wood types, in particular from spruce or pinewood.
• Tall oil fatty acid is a mixture of fatty acids in which the C 18 -unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, in particular oleic acid, linoleic acid and conjugated C 18 fatty acids, and also 5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid predominate, resin acids and, if appropriate, oxy acids (i.e. oxidized fatty acids and resin acids).
• Resin acid forms so-called tall resin in which abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and palustric acid predominant and small fractions of dihydroabietic acid, neoabietic acid, pimaric acid and isopimaric acid are detectable in addition to further resin acids.
• the fatty acid fraction is at least 97% by weight and the tall resin fraction up to 3% by weight.
• the fatty acid component (A) is present in dimerized form. Dimerizations and trimerizations of monocarboxylic acids or fatty acids can be carried out by the processes customary for this purpose and are known in principle to those skilled in the art.
• the monocarboxylic acids or fatty acids and their dimerization or trimerization products of component (A) may be present as free carboxylic acids and/or as ammonium salts, for example as NH 4 salts or substituted ammonium salts, such as mono-, di-, tri- or tetramethylammonium salts, and/or in the form of amides, esters and/or nitriles.
• Typical amide structures have the —CO—NH 2 , —CO—NH-alkyl or —CO—N(alkyl) 2 moieties, where “alkyl” here in particular represents C 1 - to C 4 -alkyl radicals such as methyl or ethyl.
• Ester structures typically include C 1 - to C 4 -alkanol ester radicals such as methyl or ethyl ester radicals.
• the fuel additive concentrates mentioned may in principle be used to additize any fuels or fuel oils. However, they are suitable in particular for additizing diesel fuels (middle distillate fuels). Diesel fuels (middle distillate fuels) are typically crude oil raffinates which generally have a boiling range from 100 to 400° C. These are usually distillates having a 95% point up to 360° C. or even higher. They may also be so-called “ultra-low sulfur diesel” or “city diesel”, characterized by a 95% point of, for example, not more than 345° C. and a sulfur content of not more than 0.005% by weight, or by a 95% point of, for example, 285° C. and a sulfur content of not more than 0.001% by weight.
• diesel fuels obtainable by refining, whose main constituents are relatively long-chain paraffins
• suitable diesel fuels are those which are obtainable by cool gasification or gas liquefaction [“gas-to-liquid” (GTL) fuels].
• GTL gas-to-liquid
• mixtures of the aforementioned diesel fuels with renewable fuels such as biodiesel or bioethanol.
• diesel fuels with a low sulfur content i.e. with a sulfur content of less than 0.05% by weight, preferably of less than 0.02% by weight, in particular of less than 0.005% by weight and especially of less than 0.001% by weight of sulfur.
• Diesel fuels may also comprise water, for example in an amount of up to 20% by weight, for example in the form of diesel-water microemulsions or as so-called “white diesel”.
• Detergents refer typically to deposition inhibitors for fuels, here in particular diesel fuels.
• the detergents are preferably amphiphilic substances which have at least one hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical having a number-average molecular weight (M n ) of from 85 to 20 000, especially from 300 to 5000, in particular from 500 to 2500, and at least one polar moiety.
• M n number-average molecular weight
• the mixture of components (A) and (B) is used to improve the storage stability of fuel additive concentrates which, in addition to at least one cetane number improver, comprise at least one detergent having moieties which are derived from succinic anhydride and have hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido and/or imido groups.
• This detergent having moieties which are derived from succinic anhydride and have hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido and/or imido groups is more preferably a polyisobutenyl-substituted succinimide.
• derivatives with aliphatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or tetraethylenepentamine.
• the moieties with hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido and/or imido groups are, for example, carboxylic acid groups, acid amides, acid amides of di- or polyamines which, in addition to the amide function, also have free amine groups, succinic acid derivatives having an acid and an amide function, carboximides with monoamines, carboximides with di- or polyamines which, in addition to the imide function, also have free amine groups, and diimides which are formed by the reaction of di- or polyamines with two succinic acid derivatives.
• Such fuel additives are described in particular in U.S. Pat. No. 4,849,572.
• the cetane number improvers used are typically organic nitrates.
• Such organic nitrates are in particular nitrate esters of unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols, usually having up to about 10, in particular having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group in these nitrate esters may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated.
• nitrate esters are methyl nitrate, ethyl nitrate, n-propyl nitrate, isopropyl nitrate, allyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, isobutyl nitrate, sec-butyl nitrate, tert-butyl nitrate, n-amyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, 2-amyl nitrate, 3-amyl nitrate, tert-amyl nitrate, n-hexyl nitrate, n-heptyl nitrate, sec-heptyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, sec-octyl nitrate, n-nonyl nitrate, n-decyl nitrate, cyclopentyl nit
• nitrate esters of alkoxy-substituted aliphatic alcohols such as 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl nitrate, 1-methoxypropyl nitrate or 4-ethoxybutyl nitrate.
• diol nitrates such as 1,6-hexamethylene dinitrate.
• cetane number improver classes mentioned preference is given to primary amyl nitrates, primary hexyl nitrates, octyl nitrates and mixtures thereof.
• the mixture of components (A) and (B) is used to improve the storage stability of fuel additive concentrates which, in addition to at least one detergent, comprise 2-ethylhexyl nitrate as a cetane number improver.
• 2-ethylhexyl nitrate may be present as the sole cetane number improver or in a mixture with other cetane number improvers.
• the fuel additive concentrates mentioned which are suitable in particular for additizing diesel fuels (middle distillate fuels) may, in addition to the detergent component and the cetane number improver component, include further customary additive components, for example corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, antifoams, antioxidants and stabilizers, antistats, lubricity improvers, dyes (markers) and/or solvents and diluents.
• further customary additive components for example corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, antifoams, antioxidants and stabilizers, antistats, lubricity improvers, dyes (markers) and/or solvents and diluents.
• the mixture of carboxylic acids (A) and the polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds (B) is used in amounts of from 0.7 to 20% by weight, especially from 1.1 to 15% by weight, in particular from 1.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 3 to 8% by weight, based in each case on the total amount of the fuel additive concentrate.
• the use concentration of the mixture of (A) and (B) is a critical parameter, since it has been found that the dosage rate of 6000 ppm (corresponding to 0.6% by weight) recommended in (1) for monocarboxylic acids (by way of example for oleic acid) does not bring about sufficient storage stability for the fuel additive concentrates.
• the additional amount of the mixture of (A) and (B) in the present invention compared to the teaching of (1) also exhibits additional positive effects in the use of the fuel additive concentrates; in particular, the lubricity of low-sulfur diesel fuel additized therewith is simultaneously improved.
• the present invention also provides a fuel additive concentrate which, based in each case on the total amount of the fuel additive concentrate, comprises
• the two duel additive concentrates 1A and 1B which are suitable for use in diesel fuel have the compositions specified in Table 1 [in % by weight]:
• Concentrate 1A became distinctly cloudy even after 2 weeks of storage at 40° C., whereas concentrate 1B remained clear after 50 weeks of storage at 40° C.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-01-11 BR BRPI0706618-0A patent/BRPI0706618A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-01-11 WO PCT/EP2007/050234 patent/WO2007082825A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-01-11 CN CN2007800026122A patent/CN101370916B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-01-11 AU AU2007206982A patent/AU2007206982B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2007-01-11 EP EP07703779A patent/EP1979445A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-01-11 CA CA2640295A patent/CA2640295C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-01-11 KR KR1020087018376A patent/KR20080089450A/ko active Search and Examination
  • 2007-01-11 JP JP2008550722A patent/JP2009523873A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-01-11 US US12/159,991 patent/US20090165364A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-01-17 AR ARP070100197A patent/AR059052A1/es active IP Right Grant
• 2008
  • 2008-07-04 NO NO20082961A patent/NO20082961L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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