CN101366446A - Method for preparing feedstuff with fermentation of food and drink castoff - Google Patents
Method for preparing feedstuff with fermentation of food and drink castoff Download PDFInfo
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- CN101366446A CN101366446A CNA200710070802XA CN200710070802A CN101366446A CN 101366446 A CN101366446 A CN 101366446A CN A200710070802X A CNA200710070802X A CN A200710070802XA CN 200710070802 A CN200710070802 A CN 200710070802A CN 101366446 A CN101366446 A CN 101366446A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing feed by fermenting dining waste. The method is characterized in that the method sequentially comprises the steps of separating, boiling, pressing, fermenting, drying and separating screen packaging, wherein in the boiling step, the dining waste undergoing the separating step is boiled at a temperature of between 35 and 55 DEG C for 10 to 30 minutes. The technological method is more reasonable, and can fully utilize nutrient compositions of the dinning waste, avoid the loss of liquid phase after filter pressing, simultaneously avoid and reduce environmental pollution and lower production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of castoff of food and drink processing method.
Background technology
Meal kitchen excess just is meant the food waste and the food residues of family, school, machine-operated canteen and catering industry, is the chief component of domestic waste.The meal kitchen excess quantity of China is big, quality is high, impurity is many, is food refuse with Chinese characteristics.Meal kitchen excess has become big public hazards of society at present.
If meal kitchen excess is dealt with improperly, not only endanger the healthy of people, go back serious environment pollution.Meal kitchen excess moisture content is up to 80-90%, ooze draining very easily by osmosis water impurely in the swill, the organic matter that is rich in the hogwash then can ferment very soon and rots when temperature is higher, produce pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, directly be detrimental to health.If directly with its feed as pig, various pathogen bacteriums return on the body that is diffused into pig, then, people can infect on people's the body when the meat of edible this boar, if things go on like this just form the vicious circle of the infection sources, in addition, waste grease and residue can stop up the water channel of staying, contaminated environment.
In addition, China is a country that grain resource is in short supply, have a large population, land resource is few, natural environment also worsens constantly, and the territory can be ploughed and just reduce with 2,000,000 mu speed in area every year, population just with every year nearly 2,000 ten thousand people quantity increase, and there is alarming surprising waste in this valuable grain resource, its Chinese meal kitchen excess is exactly the main aspect of this waste.
The someone develops the processing method that meal kitchen excess is produced feed for this reason, it as number of patent application 02160496.7 Chinese patent " the regenerative feedstuff preparation technology of kitchen castoff ", it comprises the reception of kitchen castoff, the technologies such as conveying, letter sorting dehydration, pulverizing, sterilization, drying and granulation of inter process, it is characterized in that, this preparation technology carries out as follows: (1) is 85% kitchen castoff raw material with water content mean value, be transported to the scene by the pot type transport vehicle, by snap joint, by spiral underflow pump input feed bin; (2) material is delivered to the belt dewatering in vacuum press filter by the feed bin discharging opening by drag conveyor, the material moisture after the dehydration≤50%; (3) material after the dehydration is carried by rubber conveyer, carries out the manual sorting in course of conveying, and removes foreign material by the iron removal by magnetic separation device; (4) material after the letter sorting directly enters the one-level pulverizer that has hammering and shear dual pulverizing function by rubber conveyer, material is crushed to≤the 5mm granularity; (5) material after will pulverizing by conveying worm is sent into the far infrared drying machine, by the distribution device of dryer with material equably cloth be placed on and carry out high-temperature sterilization, sterilization and oven dry on the dryer conveyer belt, material stirs oven dry continuously on conveyer belt; (6) material after the oven dry enters secondary breaker through conveying worm, and feed granules degree after crushed is≤1mm; (7) then according to the special feed of different animals taste and nutritional requirement preparation pet or other livestock and poultry, carry out granulation or expanded; (8) pack at last, weighing and packing, the water content of finished product feedstuff is 8%～14%, be convenient to store, transportation and nursing realize the innoxious of meal kitchen excess, resource, its defective is: processing step is not quite reasonable, carry out processed earlier, go letter sorting again, cause of the damage of some discarded objects easily, before vacuum press filter is carried out dehydration and carried out baking step with infrared dryer other plant equipment, do not carry out one's water breaks, meal kitchen excess is discharged water as far as possible, be convenient to later squeezing, water is squeezed out, swill in the excess of meal kitchen is not handled well, after the press filtration moisture content is gone oven dry at the material below 50%, because need be with the moisture content heating evaporation, so energy consumption is very big, increased production cost, simultaneously, the part swill does not have good purified treatment, is discharged in the environment, polluted environment, and, make and be rich in the nutrients swill in the kitchen castoff and grease runs off in vain, cause waste, so process also needs to do further improvement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of utilizing fermentation of food and drink castoff to produce feed, its process is more reasonable, can carry out necessary one's water breaks to castoff of food and drink, and the squeezing step is more prone to realize Solid-Liquid Separation after making, isolate liquid, thereby cut down the consumption of energy.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of method of utilizing fermentation of food and drink castoff to produce feed is characterized in that steps in sequence is:
(1) separation step sorts the castoff of food and drink of collecting, remove comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery, wooden can not be as the foreign material of feed;
(2) boiling step will be through the castoff of food and drink of separation step under 35-55 ° of temperature boiling 10-30 minute;
(3) the squeezing step will be squeezed cutting out partial liquid through the castoff of food and drink of boiling step;
(4) fermentation step after the castoff of food and drink inoculation of squeezing, carries out the fermenting and producing feed;
(5) baking step is dried the feed after the fermentation, makes its moisture content below 12%;
(6) sub-sieve packaging step carries out sub-sieve and pulverizing with the feed after the oven dry, makes feed addictive, packs.
As further improvement, the high oil-containing water that the waste water that described squeezing step cutting out partial liquid and receiving hopper are come, vehicle are separated through the oil removal case after cleaning mixes, carry out flocculation treatment with the food flocculant, separate through horizontal centrifuge again, isolated liquid phase heats under 80-90 ° of temperature, then, send vertical centrifugal machine to separate, isolate oil phase and send accumulator tank, isolate solid phase that concentrated phase separates with horizontal centrifuge and be transported to fermentation step and handle.Can make full use of the nutriment of meal kitchen excess like this, prevent to run off with the liquid phase after the press filtration, avoid and reduce environmental pollution, improved the nutritional labeling of feed, can extract grease to the liquid phase that meal kitchen excess is separated, improve the economic worth of discarded object, reduced production cost, reach the effect that turns waste into wealth.
As improvement, the water that described vertical centrifugal machine is separated mixes with the water that the oil removal case is come and carries out water treatment, through filtering, purifies, and environmental pollution is avoided in partially recycled utilization or discharging, simultaneously can using water wisely.
As improvement, described separation step is to carry out mechanical sorting after connecting material earlier, diameter goes boiling less than 25 millimeters object, diameter need go the manual sorting, then greater than 25 millimeters object, remove the iron object with magnet, isolate foreign material again, remainingly then be broken into diameter less than 25 millimeters object, send to boiling through meal.In conjunction with mechanical sorting and manual sorting, can alleviate labor strength greatly like this, simultaneously, can keep enough letter sorting separation degrees, processing speed and quality are taken into account, improve efficient.
As improvement, be provided with except that the chopsticks step between described separation step and the boiling step, remove chopsticks class foreign material.
Further improve, described fermentation step be with the kitchen castoff after the 60-70 part squeezing and 6-12 part alcohol be pickled with grains or in wine, the compound of 15-20 part rapeseed dregs, 6-12 part wheat bran and 1-2 part candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria mixes with turning machine in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, control moisture is in 40-55% (weight) scope, stacking fermentation at normal temperatures 18-24 hour forms the compound protein feed that ferments.Material main in the fermentation is for squeezing the swill after sterilizing, sense organ is the dried meat floss shape, it is various to have composition, the characteristics of comprehensive nutrition, can satisfy in the microorganism growth process carbon source, the needs of nitrogenous source, need not other interpolation, the mycoprotein that produces in the sweat, organic acid, little peptide, free amino acid, vitamin and UGF, make the nutritive value and the palatability of material obtain very big lifting, after searching for food, livestock and poultry have enriched nutritive, short digestion, growth promotion, strengthen multiple efficacies such as immunity, remedied the defective of pure animal protein and vegetable protein, the protein feeds raw material of high values such as alternative fish meal and high-quality dregs of beans is reducing feed cost, improve efficiency of feed utilization, improve animal products quality (particularly meat) aspect and have tangible effect.
The volume ratio of described candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria is 6:3:1.
As improvement, the waste gas that produces in described boiling step and the baking step goes discharging after handling through deodorizing again, avoids contaminated environment.
At last, described baking step divides secondary drying, adopts circular rotary drum hot-air seasoning to 30% left and right sides moisture content for the first time; Adopt for the second time the steam of 0.6-0.8Mpa, 160-175 ° temperature, with the castoff of food and drink after pulverizing dry to moisture content below 12% (weight), make feed be convenient to store and use.
Compared with prior art; the invention has the advantages that: process is more reasonable, can make full use of the nutriment of meal kitchen excess, prevents to run off with the liquid phase after separating; the nutritional labeling of having saved feed from damage; improved yield, can improve nearly 20%, protein content even can reach 31% (weight); simultaneously; avoid and reduce environmental pollution, reaching turns waste into wealth; basically harmlessization effect makes full use of self used heat thermal source; energy-conserving and environment-protective; the most about raising 30% heat is imitated, and has reduced production cost, extracts simultaneously and produces grease; fully utilize; improve economic benefit, and protected environment, be fit to very much extensive the processing and production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the method technology line map of feed for the present invention utilizes fermentation of food and drink castoff.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of method of utilizing fermentation of food and drink castoff to produce feed, its basic step is followed successively by:
(1) separation step, gather up castoff of food and drink earlier, connect material then and stack, stored castoff of food and drink by storage hopper, be convenient to stack and use, concentrate a batch materials castoff of food and drink, on the mechanical sorting machine, carry out earlier mechanical sorting, isolate diameter less than 25 millimeters object, can send the boiling step, diameter then passes through belt conveyor greater than 25 millimeters object, carry out artificial go-no-go, carry out deironing with magnet again, remove and comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery, wooden can not be as the foreign material of feed, then diameter is carried out coarse crushing greater than 25 millimeters available material with Roughpulverizer, be ground into diameter less than 25 millimeters particle, also send to precooker and carry out boiling, coarse crushing not only is beneficial to the material homogeneous that becomes, and is convenient to obtain later squeezing effect.Foreign material clean with rinse water, do respectively to reclaim and do not recycle according to its performance again.
(2) boiling step will utilize precooker that castoff of food and drink is carried out one's water breaks through the boiling 20 minutes under 45 ° of temperature of the castoff of food and drink of separation step, and the moisture that absorbs in the material molecule is discharged.If temperature is greater than 60 degree, material is gelatinization easily just, and temperature just is not easy one's water breaks less than 30 degree, facts have proved that it is reasonably appropriate carrying out boiling under the 35-55 ° of temperature.
(3) the squeezing step will be squeezed cutting out partial liquid through the castoff of food and drink of boiling step with squeezer, and make the castoff of food and drink after the squeezing present the solid shape, its moisture content is below 65% (weight), and is just passable in 60% (weight) usually, avoids energy waste.
(4) fermentation step, with the kitchen castoff after the 60-70 part squeezing and 6-12 part alcohol be pickled with grains or in wine, the compound of 15-20 part rapeseed dregs, 6-12 part wheat bran and 1-2 part candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria mixes with turning machine in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, control moisture is in 40-55% (weight) scope, stacking fermentation at normal temperatures 18-24 hour forms the compound protein feed that ferments.The compound ratio of candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria is 6:3:1 (volume).
(5) baking step divides secondary to dry in the feed after the fermentation, adopts the circular rotary drum hot-air seasoning for the first time, and dryer adopts 0.6Mpa, 163 ° of temperature steam to dry indirectly for the second time, and the moisture content that makes castoff of food and drink is below 12%.
(6) sub-sieve packaging step cools off the feed after the oven dry, removes foreign material with the sieve sub-sieve, and coarse fodder is pulverized with pulverizer, mixes with fines again, makes feed addictive, packs then, and wait is dispatched from the factory.
In whole process flow, also increased several new steps as remove chopsticks step, flocculation step, for sleeping in the basic step of these steps and front combines a kind of use from step, upright from step, deodorization step, can obtain unique technique effect of the present invention.
Between separation step and boiling step, be provided with, remove chopsticks, certainly, also can manually remove chopsticks with removing chopsticks machinery except that the chopsticks step.
The high oil-containing water of separating through the oil removal case after the waste water that squeezing step cutting out partial liquid and receiving hopper are come, the vehicle cleaning mixes, carry out flocculation treatment with the food flocculant, separate through horizontal centrifuge again, isolated liquid phase heats under 80-90 ° of temperature, then, send vertical centrifugal machine to separate, isolate oil phase and send accumulator tank, can obtain industrial grease, isolate solid phase that concentrated phase separates with horizontal centrifuge and be transported to fermentation step and handle, the part nutritional labeling is carried out effective recycling.The water that vertical centrifugal machine is separated mixes with the water that the oil removal case is come and carries out water treatment, through the filtration of band filter, removes and removes slag, and purifies with active carbon again, becomes middle water, partially recycled utilization or qualified discharge.The waste gas that boiling step and baking step are come converges, and send odor removal, adopts ionization and absorption principle to remove stink, gas is disposed in the environment goes at last.
Claims (9)
1. method of utilizing fermentation of food and drink castoff to produce feed is characterized in that steps in sequence is:
(1) separation step sorts the castoff of food and drink of collecting, remove comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery, wooden can not be as the foreign material of feed;
(2) boiling step will be through the castoff of food and drink of separation step under 35-55 ° of temperature boiling 10-30 minute;
(3) the squeezing step will be squeezed cutting out partial liquid through the castoff of food and drink of boiling step;
(4) fermentation step after the castoff of food and drink inoculation of squeezing, carries out the fermenting and producing feed;
(5) baking step is dried the feed after the fermentation, makes its moisture content below 12%;
(6) sub-sieve packaging step carries out sub-sieve and pulverizing with the feed after the oven dry, makes feed addictive, packs.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the waste water that described squeezing step cutting out partial liquid and receiving hopper come, the high oil-containing water that vehicle is separated through the oil removal case after cleaning mix, carry out flocculation treatment with the food flocculant, separate through horizontal centrifuge again, isolated liquid phase heats under 80-90 ° of temperature, then, send vertical centrifugal machine to separate, isolate oil phase and send accumulator tank, isolate solid phase that concentrated phase separates with horizontal centrifuge and be transported to fermentation step and handle.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the water that described vertical centrifugal machine separates mixes with the water that the oil removal case is come carries out water treatment, through filtering, purifies partially recycled utilization or discharging.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described separation step is to carry out mechanical sorting after connecting material earlier, diameter goes boiling less than 25 millimeters object, diameter need go the manual sorting, then greater than 25 millimeters object, remove the iron object with magnet, isolate foreign material again, remainingly then be broken into diameter less than 25 millimeters object, send to boiling through meal.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that being provided with except that the chopsticks step between described separation step and the boiling step, removes chopsticks class foreign material.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fermentation step be with the kitchen castoff after the 60-70 part squeezing and 6-12 part alcohol be pickled with grains or in wine, the compound of 15-20 part rapeseed dregs, 6-12 part wheat bran and 1-2 part candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria mixes with turning machine in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, control moisture is in 40-55% (weight) scope, stacking fermentation at normal temperatures 18-24 hour forms the compound protein feed that ferments.
7. method according to claim 6, the volume ratio that it is characterized in that described candida utili, brewer's yeast, lactic acid bacteria is 6:3:1.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that going discharging again after the waste gas that produces in described boiling step and the baking step is handled through deodorizing.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described baking step adopts secondary drying, adopt for the first time the circular rotary drum hot-air seasoning, for the second time dryer adopts the steam of 0.6-0.8Mpa, 160-175 ° temperature to dry indirectly, with the castoff of food and drink after pulverizing dry to moisture content below 12% (weight).
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| CN200710070802XA CN101366446B (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2007-08-16 | Method for preparing feedstuff with fermentation of food and drink castoff |
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| CN200710070802XA CN101366446B (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2007-08-16 | Method for preparing feedstuff with fermentation of food and drink castoff |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101816368A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-09-01 | 湖北友芝友生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing feed by modifying kitchen residue of catering canteen |
| CN101837364A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2010-09-22 | 魏红江 | Separation method for urban catering swill system |
| CN102583855A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-07-18 | 宁波开诚生态技术有限公司 | Oil-water separation process of pulpifying centrifugal treatment system |
| CN103157645A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-19 | 王绍模 | Public sanitation service system engineering |
| CN104543338A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳市鸿鹄科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing special organic fertilizer for aquaculture through high-temperature fermentation of solid-phase food wastes |
| CN105439776A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-30 | 广东佳居乐厨房科技有限公司 | Fermentation treatment method for kitchen residues |
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