CN101486040B - Method for processing restaurant wastes - Google Patents
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- CN101486040B CN101486040B CN2009100963643A CN200910096364A CN101486040B CN 101486040 B CN101486040 B CN 101486040B CN 2009100963643 A CN2009100963643 A CN 2009100963643A CN 200910096364 A CN200910096364 A CN 200910096364A CN 101486040 B CN101486040 B CN 101486040B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MWKXCSMICWVRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphane Chemical compound P.[Ca] MWKXCSMICWVRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating restaurant waste, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) sorting, namely sorting the collected restaurant waste, and removing impurities to obtain A; (2) stewing, namely stewing the A at a temperature of between 70 and 80 DEG C, then preserving heat for 40 to 70 minutes and sterilizing, and pasting starch to obtain B; (3) pressing, namely pressing the B, separating partial liquid C to obtain solid D, and controlling the water content of the solid D in a range of between 50 and 60 weight percent; (4) drying, namely drying the obtained solid D, and controlling the water content of the dried solid D to lea than 12 weight percent to obtain solid E; and (5) screening, namely screening, cooling and crushing the solid E to obtain a fodder raw material. The method properly selects the stewing temperature, so that the restaurant waste is easier to break water, and the solid and the liquid are easy to separate; the method reduces energy consumption, reduces production cost, and simultaneously is convenient for later pressing and dehydrating treatment; and for the treatment of large-scale restaurant waste, the method has strong operability, improves dehydration rate and fodder yield, reduces non-biodegradable substances in the water, and reduces difficulty of waste water treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of castoff of food and drink.
Background technology
Castoff of food and drink refers to the food blanking and the food residues in canteens such as catering trades such as restaurant, hotel and enterprises and institutions, school, it is mainly formed rice, noodles, fish, meat, bone, fruits and vegetables etc., also has a certain amount of useless tableware, toothpick, throwaway chopsticks, towel and polybag etc.Along with The development in society and economy, the raising of living standards of the people, the generating capacity of castoff of food and drink is increasing.Rough estimate, the castoff of food and drink that produces 1 ton with common per ten thousand people every day calculates, and the castoff of food and drink of 1,300,000,000 population every days just has 130,000 tons more than, just has nearly 5,000 ten thousand tons of castoff of food and drink to waste in vain in 1 year.According to measuring and calculating, water accounts 80-90% in the castoff of food and drink contains protein about 25%, contains grease about 30% in the dry, and several mineral materials such as calcium phosphorus, and nutriment is abundant.Solid content matter wherein can be processed into a kind of rare high energy high protein high-quality feed, and grease wherein then is very good chemical industry glyceride stock.
Traditional disposal means can not satisfy the needs of environmental protection and health health.In order to eliminate fully or to reduce castoff of food and drink to health, city appearance environment influence limit, treatment technology that must the various castoff of food and drink of active development.A lot of units or individual are arranged at present all in the method for studying the processing and utilization castoff of food and drink.As Chinese patent application number is the Chinese patent " method of the surplus comprehensive garbage disposal recycling of eating " of 200710132239.4 (notification number is CN101130149), disclose a kind of recoverying and utilizing method of castoff of food and drink, its technology is carried out as follows: 1. will eat surplus garbage sorting, magnetic separation; 2. machinery is washed isolated material; 3. with the boiling 30～60 minutes under 130～150 ℃ of temperature of main solid material; 4. the material after the boiling is pushed the realization Separation of Solid and Liquid; 5. the liquid that squeezes out carries out centrifugal water-oil separating; 6. waste water is by anaerobic fermentation output biogas; 7. waste oil and methyl alcohol fatization are prepared Fatty acid methyl ester.This application in its boiling step, need be under 130～150 ℃ of temperature boiling 30～60 minutes so that larger molecular organics resolves into small organic molecule.The consequence of Chu Liing is the energy consumption height like this; And HTHP, operating difficulties, operation poor continuity; Cause follow-up dehydration difficulty, the feed yield is low; Cause simultaneously that non-biodegradable material increases in the isolated water, increased the water treatment difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation at prior art, and the processing method of the castoff of food and drink that a kind of energy consumption is low, one's water breaks is effective, be convenient to squeeze is provided.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation at prior art, and a kind of method of recycling of castoff of food and drink is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the processing method of this castoff of food and drink comprises the steps:
(1) letter sorting: the castoff of food and drink of collecting is sorted, remove plastics, metal, glass, pottery, foreign material such as wooden, obtain A and foreign material; Described foreign material can be classified, and recovery can utilize thing;
(2) boiling: A in 70～80 ℃ of following boilings sterilization in 40～70 minutes, and is made starch gelatinization, obtain B; Preferably, can use the precooker boiling; If select for use higher temperature then can cause material softening and breakings such as bone, shell to enter into water, low temperature then can influence sterilization and squeezing effect if select for use more;
(3) squeezing: B is squeezed, and cutting out partial liquid C obtains solid D, and the moisture content that makes solid D is at 50～60wt%;
(4) oven dry: the solid D oven dry with obtaining, make its moisture content below 12wt%, obtain solid E;
(5) sub-sieve packing: solid E is carried out pulverizing and making feedstuff, packing after sub-sieve, cooling, magnetic separation remove metal.
As the improvement of such scheme, can in step (2), add composite hydrolytic enzyme, preferably, can select geothermal liquid among the DAA-purified starch enzyme for use, addition is 160～200 gram/ton A, to improve hydrolysis effect.
As the improvement again of such scheme, can between step (3) and step (4), add the anaerobic fermentation step, promptly in the solid D that step (3) obtains, add lactic acid bacteria, the addition of lactic acid bacteria is 1～3wt% of solid D; Preferably, can select lactobacillus plantarum for use, anaerobic fermentation obtained F in 20～30 hours under 20～35 ℃ of conditions, with the F oven dry, made its moisture content smaller or equal to 12wt% then, obtained solid E;
Step again as such scheme improves, and can add saccharomycete among the isolated partially liq C in step (3), 30～40 ℃ of following alcoholic fermentations 45～50 hours, obtains tunning G; G distilled obtain industrial alcohol and residue H.
Above-mentioned residue H centrifugation preferably, can centrifugation be can be carried out in horizontal centrifuge, solid I and liquid J obtained; Solid I can be sent in the above-mentioned anaerobic fermentation step, with the solid D anaerobic fermentation of squeezing back acquisition; The liquid J of residue heats under 90～100 ℃ of conditions, and centrifugation then preferably, can be carried out this centrifugation in the vertical centrifugal seperator, obtain oil phase K and water L; Water L is sent into the anaerobism marsh gas fermenting system ferment, to obtain biogas, oil phase K can be used as the commercial grease articles for use and uses
As the further improvement of such scheme, can be with above-mentioned the gas sampling that is produced in steps, enter spray column and biological deodorizing tower successively and carry out deodorizing and handle, avoid environmental pollution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: choose stewing temperature rightly, make castoff of food and drink be more prone to one's water breaks, and solid is separated easily with liquid; Rather than as background technology, choose more than 100 ℃ temperature and carry out boiling, make product present the water sample pasty state, solid and liquid mix highly stablely, are difficult to handle by squeezing; Method of the present invention can reduce energy consumption, reduces production costs, and the press dewatering of being convenient to the back is simultaneously handled, further, owing in the boiling step, added composite hydrolytic enzyme, make more starch hydrolysis, therefore can decompose the castoff of food and drink after preliminary letter sorting at low temperatures, energy consumption is low, for the processing of extensive castoff of food and drink, workable, improved dehydration rate and feed yield, reduce in the water not biodegradable material, reduce the wastewater treatment difficulty.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole process flow figure of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of boiling temperature, power consumption and product viscosity in the embodiments of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The technological process of the processing method of this castoff of food and drink as shown in Figure 1, specifically details are as follows:
(1) letter sorting: earlier the castoff of food and drink of collecting is received feed hopper, by auger material is sent into the letter sorting of one-level mechanical sorting machine, isolate diameter greater than 60 millimeters foreign material, comprise plastics package, tableware, Bottle ﹠ Can and chopsticks etc., then material is sent into the letter sorting of secondary mechanical sorting machine, isolated diameter greater than 25 millimeters foreign material, the coarse fodder that the secondary mechanical sorting is gone out carries out the manual sorting, remove plastics, metal, glass, pottery, foreign material such as wooden, obtain A; A is sent into following boiling step.The foreign material that sort out for above-mentioned three times are divided into available and unavailable two big classes, reclaim available thing, with unavailable beyond the region of objective existence fortune landfill.The liquid phase that sort process produced is sent into and is carried out centrifugation in the horizontal centrifuge.
(2) boiling: by A per ton metering, add warm AMS among the DAA that produces 180 gram Jiangyin City Baishenglong Biology Engineering Co., Ltd, slowly send into digesting apparatus then, be heated to 70-80 ℃ and be incubated 60min and make starch gelatinization, be dissolved in the liquid phase, obtain B; While can be killed to a certain extent or be suppressed the part microbial growth, and the security that helps to improve castoff of food and drink is handled.The relation of boiling temperature, power consumption and product viscosity as shown in Figure 2.
(3) squeezing: will carry out press dewatering through the B that the boiling step process obtains, and obtain partially liq C and solid D, and the moisture content that makes solid D is at 50～60wt%.Solid D is sent into the anaerobic fermentation step, and partially liq C sends into the alcoholic fermentation step.
(4) anaerobic fermentation: after the pulverizing of the solid D behind press dewatering impurity elimination, can mix with the slag that comes out from step for sleeping in, amount with solid D and slag is a benchmark then, add 2wt% Guangzhou benefit product bio tech ltd product, the trade mark is that 5120 lactobacillus plantarum mixes, then send into and carry out anaerobic fermentation in the sealed fermenting jar, fermentation temperature maintains between 25～30 ℃, ferments 24 hours, obtains F.
(5) oven dry: the F that will obtain after will fermenting is dried under 0.6Mpa, 163 ℃ of conditions in dryer, makes its moisture content below 12wt%, obtains solid E.
(6) sub-sieve packaging step carries out sub-sieve with the solid E after the oven dry, isolates diameter greater than 12 millimeters objects, then the material behind the sub-sieve is cooled to below 40 ℃, sends into the magnetic separator magnetic separation, remove metal wherein, pulverize then and make feedstuff, after cooling packing.
(7) alcoholic fermentation: with 5%, that produced by Wuhan lean Science and Technology Ltd., the trade mark that adds its weight among the isolated partially liq C in the step (3) is 920 saccharomycete, mixes.In the sealed fermenting jar, about 35 ℃ the fermentation 48 hours, make the zymotic fluid that contains 4wt% ethanol, i.e. G.
(8) distillation: temperature is controlled at 95 ℃, and the G that above-mentioned steps is obtained distills purification, obtains industrial alcohol product and residue H.
(9) centrifugation: the residue H that liquid phase, the partially liq C that obtains in the step (1) can be handled the back acquisition sends into horizontal centrifuge together and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtains solid I and liquid J; Solid I sent in the above-mentioned steps (4) carry out anaerobic fermentation.Liquid J is heated to 75 ℃, sends into vertical centrifugal machine and carry out water-oil separating, obtain oil phase K and water L; The oil phase K that separates makes the commercial grease product, and water L sends into anaerobism biogas fermentation step and handles.
(10) anaerobism biogas fermentation: water L is sent into the anaerobism marsh-gas fermentation tank.Temperature maintenance was fermented 20 days at 50～55 ℃, and the biogas of output finally makes natural pond liquid COD drop to the urban pipe network discharge standard as the fuel of steam boiler, enters urban pipe network.
(11) deodorizing: as shown in Figure 1, the band peculiar smell gas sampling with whole process flow produced feeds spray column then, reach part and remove peculiar smell and cool effect, then feed the biological deodorizing tower, utilize the organic matter in the microbial degradation waste gas, at last gas is disposed to atmosphere.
Claims (2)
1. the processing method of a castoff of food and drink is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) letter sorting: the castoff of food and drink of collecting is sorted, remove foreign material; Obtain A;
(2) boiling: A 70～80 ℃ of following boilings and be incubated sterilization in 40～70 minutes, and is made starch gelatinization; Obtain B;
(3) squeezing: B is squeezed, and cutting out partial liquid C obtains solid D, and the moisture content that makes solid D is in 50～60wt% scope;
(4) add the saccharomycete of 2～7wt% among the isolated partially liq C in step (3), saccharomycetic addition is benchmark with C, 30～40 ℃ of following alcoholic fermentations 45～50 hours, obtains G; G distilled obtain industrial alcohol and residue H; With residue H centrifugation, obtain solid I and liquid J;
Add lactic acid bacteria in the solid D of solid I and the acquisition of squeezing back, the addition of lactic acid bacteria is 1～3wt% of solid D and solid I sum, and at 20～35 ℃ of following anaerobic fermentations, the anaerobic fermentation time is 20～30 hours; Dry behind the anaerobic fermentation, make moisture content below 12wt%, obtain solid E, solid E makes feedstuff after sub-sieve, cooling, pulverizing;
Liquid J is heated under 70～80 ℃ of conditions, and centrifugation obtains oil phase K and water L then, water L is sent into the anaerobism marsh gas fermenting system ferment, to obtain biogas.
2. the processing method of castoff of food and drink according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add composite hydrolytic enzyme in the step (2), addition is 160～200 gram/ton A.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100963643A CN101486040B (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Method for processing restaurant wastes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100963643A CN101486040B (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Method for processing restaurant wastes |
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| CN101486040A CN101486040A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN101486040B true CN101486040B (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101837364B (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-12-12 | 魏红江 | Separation method for urban catering swill system |
| KR101137758B1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-04-25 | 지앤피바이오텍 주식회사 | Bio-oil extraction device |
| CN102500606B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2014-04-30 | 王发东 | Preparation method of domestic garbage jelly |
| CN102671926A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-09-19 | 舟山市普陀新展望水产饲料有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization and treatment method for kitchen garbage |
| CN102766587B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-06-05 | 轻工业环境保护研究所 | Kitchen waste destructive lactic acid bacterium and its application |
| CN102823624A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-12-19 | 浙江省长三角循环经济技术研究院 | Method for producing biological pesticide by kitchen waste |
| CN103100550B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 北京洁绿科技发展有限公司 | A kind of processing method of rubbish from cooking |
| CN103586261B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-11-18 | 大连广嘉环保机械工程有限公司 | Food and drink, agricultural and sideline market, Aquatic Wholesale Market refuse classification process corollary apparatus |
| CN104178526B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-09-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method of two Coherent producing marsh gas through mixed anaerobic fermentation |
| CN109593638B (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2021-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | System and method for promoting degradation and methanation utilization of polylactic acid plastic through hydrothermal pretreatment |
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