CN101358751A

CN101358751A - Single-row or multi-row heating body containing at least two different sections

Info

Publication number: CN101358751A
Application number: CNA2008100866225A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·舍恩博恩
Original assignee: Kermi GmbH
Current assignee: Kermi GmbH
Priority date: 2007-07-31
Filing date: 2008-03-21
Publication date: 2009-02-04
Also published as: TR200706334A2; LT2008008A; DE102007036143A1; LT2008009A; LT5576B; RU105973U1; RO123624B1; PL384035A1; LV13917A; HUP0700628A2; DK200801051A; LT5575B; HU0700628D0; RU2007139092A; PL215336B1; LV13917B

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-row or multi-row heating member including at least two differently designed sections, in particular a flat heating member. The invention includes: an inflow linker (VL), a reflex linker (RL), a first section (1) that is flown over and is preferably toward to a chamber to be heated, and an another section (1') that is at least flown over and is preferably mounted in the back of the first section, wherein the first section is substantially and evenly flown before other sections, wherein at least one linker flowing to at least another section (1') is arranged in the lower end portion region of the first section (1).

Description

Comprise at least two differently single-row or multiple row formula calandrias of the section of design

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of single-column type at least, preferred two row or multiple row formula calandrias, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises that the joint that becomes a mandarin, backflow fittings, one are flow through and is preferred towards first section of chamber to be heated with another is flow through and preferably be arranged on the section of this first section back at least; Also relate to a kind of single-column type calandria, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises the joint that becomes a mandarin, backflow fittings and the calandria that plate shape constitutes and flow through; Also relate to a kind of single-row or multiple row formula electric heating body, preferred flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises section and an adjusting device that at least two quilts differently design, these sections are respectively equipped with a plurality of heating element heaters.The invention still further relates to a kind of method that is used to make above-mentioned calandria in addition, wherein, at least two half shell or plates of being made by the material of plastically deformable are set, particularly one or more plate is right; These plates that can assemble in couples are provided with one of at least a guide structure that is used to guide heat medium; These plates are assembled, wherein, the escapement that some have at least one flow channel is installed on the predetermined position between these plates.

Background technology

Flat calandria is preferably made by steel plate by half shell contoured or that be provided with impression portion usually, and these half shells are welded to one another and can be configured with flow channel level and vertical at this.In order to improve heating power, will have usually preferred rectangular profile, be arranged on the calandria surface by contoured sheet material (convection current profile or convection current plate).Flat calandria (aspect heating power) belongs to best calandria type and except favourable decoration and hygienic characteristic, the quality that feature is particularly less relatively, this advantageously affacts on its control characteristic, particularly in view of energy-conservation heating system.Half contoured shell but be made up of flat pipe can be can't help in the described frame mode ground that replaces flat calandria, the heating plate of flat calandria.This did not both have influence operation characteristic there is not influence to the power of unit are yet, but only influential for outward appearance and manufacturing cost.Therefore, no longer the calandria of this frame mode is described in detail.

Thereby heating system and calandria design (so-called design conditions) at the minimum external temperature of the appearance between heating period usually, wherein should produce comfortable room temperature.Particularly flow through the water yield, the flow resistance of calandria and mainly have the heat radiation of convection current and the ratio of the calandria section of the heat radiation of radiation with the parameter that acts on the design calandria.If the final and extreme heating condition of these parameters is coordinated, so-called so exactly have than the other design of the sub-load area requirement calandria that hangs down the heating power that requires and other characteristic, and this sub-load scope takes place on the major part between heating period.

In order to produce desired heating power, the flat calandria of so-called single-column type has one and has unique heating plate of single structure basically.On the contrary, the flat calandria of two row formulas has a symmetrical structure usually, the flat calandria of this two row formula just has a header board and the calandria that is arranged on the plate of this header board back towards the chamber of waiting to heat, wherein before heating plate and afterwards heating plate is all the time symmetrically, promptly flowed into the identical water yield.This correspondingly also is suitable for top two heating plates of three row or the flat calandria of multiple row formula.

Along with raising about heating energy consumption consciousness, the requirement of the insulating characteristics of building is strengthened like this, make calandria in addition also can be only in the cold relatively date when the sub-load scope, with the lower temperature that becomes a mandarin, operation.

Exactly when the sub-load scope, when gentle relatively external temperature, described single-piece or symmetrical structure work unfriendly.When the sub-load scope, calandria also must produce the heating power of several hectowatts, makes described calandria only be flow through by less water.Because the convection current share is higher in total heat extraction usually, therefore has single-column type calandria described unique of convection current plate or have lower temperature towards the money section of chamber.Because symmetrical structure is further strengthened, because not only front section is used for heating, the section that is arranged on its back also is used for heating to this disadvantageous effect in multiple row formula calandria.Thereby on preceding heating plate, only discharge the part of total heat.Therefore when hanging down heating power, it is colder relatively that preceding heating plate keeps.But there is adverse effect on the calandria surface of comparing cold with body temperature for unfavorable chamber weather, because this chamber weather feels uncomfortable.

DE 196 14 330C1 illustrate a kind of calandria with two heating plates, and these heating plates are connected to each other by the connecting pipe with valve.Therefore these two heating plates are designed to convector, also produce above-mentioned and following certified shortcoming at this.

DE 40 41 191C2 relate to the joint on a kind of board-like calandria that is connected to multilayer, and it is arranged on two T-connecting pieces between the heating plate by one and constitutes.

On the sub-load scope, suddenly the further minimizing that for example irregular sunlight incident of external heat source that enters in the chamber of waiting to heat, bulb, floodlight or the computer connected suddenly and additional personnel cause required heating power causes cold calandria surface equally very apace when this convection part at calandria is high.What this need consider be, along with the thermal insulation of becoming better and better of building, even work in the past also can almost only need when the extreme external temperature time in the sub-load scope at the calandria of high heating power design.

Summary of the invention

In view of this problem, the present invention has following purpose: the specific condition when considering the sub-load scope under the situation that keeps attainable heating power is expanded this paper as follows and is started described single-row or multiple row formula calandria, make and to improve the chamber comfort level, towards the surface of chamber or most of at least segmentation that should the surface when the sub-load scope, should be hot as far as possible, calandria can adaptive full load in its design in addition-and operation at part load, therefore the favourable characteristic of flat calandria can kept aspect each or even improved generally.

At this, described favourable characteristic be meant especially lower heating-and the manufacturing cost situation under high heating power and described good control characteristic, promptly directly affact by the heating chamber the climatic feature of comfort level and chamber.

According to the present invention, a kind of single-column type has at least been proposed, preferred two row or multiple row formula calandrias, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises the joint that becomes a mandarin (Vorlaufanschluss), backflow fittings (Rucklaufanschluss), one is flow through and preferred towards first section of chamber to be heated with another is flow through and preferably be arranged on the section of this first section back at least, wherein, this first section was flow through before all the other sections basically equably, wherein, the joint that at least one leads to described another section at least only is set on the lower end region of first section.

According to the present invention, a kind of single-column type calandria has also been proposed, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises the joint that becomes a mandarin, backflow fittings and the calandria that plate shape constitutes and flow through, wherein, be provided with the section that at least two quilts differently design, wherein the first section streamwise is arranged on before all the other sections and this first section is transfused to the heat of Duoing than all the other sections at least when low heating power.

According to the present invention, a kind of single-row or multiple row formula electric heating body has also been proposed, preferred flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises section and an adjusting device that at least two quilts differently design, these sections are respectively equipped with a plurality of heating element heaters, wherein, this adjusting device is designed like this, make the resistance of these sections irrespectively to be conditioned each other respectively and at least when low heating power this first section be transfused to the heat of Duoing than all the other sections.

According to the present invention, a kind of method that is used to make described calandria has also been proposed, at least two half shell or plates of being made by the material of plastically deformable wherein are set, particularly one or more plate is right; These plates that can assemble in couples are provided with one of at least a guide structure that is used to guide heat medium; These plates are assembled, wherein, some are installed on the predetermined position between these plates have the escapement of at least one flow channel, wherein, use escapement, be used for producing the orientation importing of heat medium to calandria with predetermined orientation.

For this reason, two row of the present invention or multiple row formula calandria preferably have unique joint that becomes a mandarin, and this joint that becomes a mandarin only is connected with the heating plate of the side of chamber in other words of front.The hot water that flows into by this part that becomes a mandarin along the last longitudinal edge of the most preceding heating plate and by extend perpendicular to this longitudinal edge and suitably the flow channel of formation on the front section of chamber, distributing as far as possible equably.Therefore, no matter calandria is in the full load scope or in the operation of sub-load scope, front section all is transfused to the water than all the other section heat.Thereby therefore front section feels hotter and more comfortable than legacy system when identical heating power.The preferred also following reinforcement of this favourable effect, promptly front section has the radiant section higher than all the other sections of calandria.

For water can be flow in the setting section thereafter by front section, be provided with at least one tube connector, this tube connector preferably is arranged in the lower corner zone of calandria.The water that flow in the described heating plate that is arranged on the back is preferred at first towards the guiding that is directed upwardly of last longitudinal edge, is distributed by an interconnection that exists at there again and flows to backflow fittings in the lower corner zone via the flow channel that extends perpendicular to this interconnection.

If the heating plate of three or more is set, so the guiding of water can the 3rd or all sections subsequently on correspondingly carry out, this on flow technique corresponding to the series connection of three or more calandria.But in three row formula calandrias, latter two heating plate in parallel and also be possible with connecting of the most preceding heating plate, the tube connector between the most preceding heating plate and second heating plate meets destination one direct puncture to heating plate at last thus.

Advantageously, supply with hot water under any circumstance at first for preceding calandria, make this preceding calandria exactly when the sub-load scope, compare and have higher surface temperature with traditional calandria, therefore should before calandria obviously more comfortable chamber weather can be provided.

Because first in other words before the calandria section be heated relatively equably during exactly in the sub-load scope on its whole surface, thereby even also possiblely when low heating power be that the cold surface of the window that is arranged on the calandria top is carried out radiation compensation.This in traditional calandria since high convection part be impossible.

Another advantage is that calandria of the present invention allows the lip-deep more uniform temperature curve of calandria.Therefore, for the water that makes inflow at first only is being directed on the preceding heating plate of chamber, coolant-temperature gage does not for example also have to arrive reflux temperature when oepration at full load after the calandria as in traditional system before flowing through, and roughly is in the median that becomes a mandarin between temperature and the reflux temperature but present.Therefore, the lip-deep Temperature Distribution of calandria is more even, and this makes the design of calandria and structure thereof become simple.Exactly the more uniform temperature curve is particularly advantageous when the sub-load scope, this singly is clearly visible in example, if the calandria thermostat is regulated the flow velocity of water like this, make coolant-temperature gage before flowing through, almost drop to room temperature after the calandria, opposite this in the identical heating power of the calandria that symmetrically flowed into traditional, be this situation in the centre of calandria for one, uncomfortable thereby its surface is felt cold-peace most ofly.

What meet purpose is, for example one two row formula calandria only is being provided with the convection current profile on the heating plate thereafter, make such one to have a relatively large radiant section that accounts for total heating power in the chamber side, but convection current section in back no longer is heated when the sub-load scope by calandria of the present invention.If such calandria satisfies so-called design conditions, this design conditions is stipulated maximum heating power when low-down external temperature, have high relatively radiant section so during this calandria external temperature that exactly exist to a great extent, gentle relatively.When hanging down external temperature, back heating plate also is heated on the contrary, makes convection part become big.

Advantageously, the calandria index of this calandria is not constant on all temperature ranges, but when the sub-load scope because much bigger radiant section is little during than high heating power, convection part is bigger when this high power.Therefore when the sub-load scope, need the advantageously low temperature that becomes a mandarin for the heating power of realizing determining.Therefore calandria of the present invention exactly helps to save heating cost when accounting for the most sub-load scope of heating operation.

Another advantage is, according to the present invention, heating plate towards the chamber is warmmer, though this is to be worth expectation veritably in each calandria---because be not the locular wall of back and mainly be to be heated in the chamber, this can not realize in the symmetric design of traditional heating body.Therefore little heat is passed back calandria and common than thin locular wall hermetic section and towards external loss.Preferred calandria of the present invention additionally is provided with a radiation shield on its rear side, exactly it is made by aluminium multilayer or the sandwich structure mode usually, so that advantageously improve the thermal insulation towards wall.What meet purpose is between preceding heating plate and back heating plate such radiation shield to be set also, so that make preceding heating plate and back heating plate thermal isolation.Another advantage is, thereby the simulation of numeral and the design of calandria of the present invention become easily, because singular point or very big in this case local heat loss are very difficult to simulate exactly.

Other advantages are in some special applications, for example obtain in the kindergarten or when using in long-range heating system.Therefore, exactly be worth in the calandria in the kindergarten expectation be or what stipulated legally is that preceding heating plate allows the ratio that reaches such as about 50 ℃ of high temperature in no instance.Thereby this only can be by become a mandarin temperature and reduce heating power and realize of reduction in common calandria, the calandria of the present invention and people only need to overturn, make that the heating plate of heat is not arranged on the chamber side and is arranged on the locular wall side, the danger of scalding therefore in identical heating power, no longer occurs.This layout preferably also is applied in the long-range heating system, particularly in the former ASEAN countries, partly realize the temperature that becomes a mandarin until 130 ℃ at there.In the common calandria system that is flowed into symmetrically, the resident is particularly often scalded near the joint that becomes a mandarin.People's calandria of the present invention that also only need overturn simply in this case makes that then the heating plate in the chamber side presents acceptable relatively temperature.If the moment afterwards is adiabatic or long-range heating system should be enhanced, people's calandria of the present invention that only need overturn simply under the situation of the lower temperature that becomes a mandarin makes above-mentioned favourable characteristic work fully, and needn't purchase new calandria so.

Usually joint and the backflow fittings of becoming a mandarin all is on the lateral edges of calandria.But exactly in long calandria, according to another form of implementation, for the joint advantage of centre.At this, meet the centre that the destination is fed to hot water preceding heating plate, flow left and to the right at this Hot water branch of there,---under the situation of two row or multiple row formula calandria---in the end feed back to again in the backwater part in the zone line of heating plate up to this hot water.At this, what meet purpose is that hot water is infeeded on the top edge of preceding calandria.But in a preferred form of implementation, the part that becomes a mandarin and the part that refluxes all are positioned on the lower limb of calandria, and therefore necessary is to make the hot water guiding up as described below of inflow.This water was flow in the calandria of back by preceding calandria after, described to guide in the back up also be necessary in the calandria.

Exactly advantageously be again that very even temperature distributes on the joint of centre in long calandria, before hot water leaves before the calandria, also only need calandria length through half, this hot water flows through calandria with relatively low flow velocity when operation at part load, so the lateral edges section of calandria can also feel hot.Another advantage of joint distortion scheme is, this calandria exactly in low external temperature when the cold glass surface above the calandria causes so-called cold air to roll, they along whole calandria length owing to the hot-air at upper reaches turbulent flow and can be by overcompensation takes place.Therefore people need just may be this situation as this in the joint of the part and the homonymy partly that refluxes that becomes a mandarin not only on the leading section of calandria but also at the cold decline air of worrying on the rearward end on the pin.

But described scheme principle not only can be used in multilayer heating body weight, and can use in the calandria of individual layer.Therefore in comparable overall design, can realize a calandria with advantageously big radiant section, this calandria exactly has one and feels comfortable warm calandria surface when hanging down heating power, and this calandria still has enough big convection part when high heating power, so this calandria also is enough for some extremely cold dates in winter.

According to a favourable form of implementation, this single-column type calandria of the present invention has at least two differently sections of design, and one of them preferably sees the front that is arranged on all the other sections towards the first section streamwise of chamber to be heated.

In this calandria, water at first flow in first section in the upper area that is preferably placed at calandria via the joint that becomes a mandarin.If but the joint that becomes a mandarin is because structural reason should be arranged on the lower limb of calandria, so according to the present invention, water for example at first redirect in the upper curtate by means of the special flow channel that constitutes or the support pad that describes below or spacer element.Then, water distributes on the longitudinal edge on calandria whole and towards the directional steering of the part that refluxes.Preferred first section does not have the convection current profile, therefore can realize accounting for the very large radiant section of heat extraction about 50% for this section.Then, water arrives the backflow part via second section that preferably is provided with the convection current profile and be usually located on the lower area of calandria.Preferably and also for the reason of health, the convection current profile in this section is positioned on the side that deviates from the chamber of calandria.

Advantageously, this calandria is because the cross direction profiles of flow media on its whole length or width, exactly, because high radiant section even when operation at part load, also feel heat.Even when lower curtate keeps " cold " when hanging down heating power, compare warm especially upper curtate so with traditional single-column type calandria and more cosily be felt.So, particularly be used for the calandria of office building, preferably this section is set on the knee height.

If radiant section directly is provided with an isolation part, this isolation part should be extended on the big zone of its rear side at least, will obtain a kind of particularly advantageous form of implementation so.In this form of implementation, the convection part of radiant section can further reduce and the minimizing of the heat loss by convection current increases surface temperature and radiant section significantly.

In order to strengthen this effect, separately the suiting of the discharge relation in first and second sections, this for example realizes by the bigger flow resistance in first section or long flow path or bigger heat exchange surface.

For this reason, the preferred along continuous straight runs of the flow channel in first section extends, and the flow channel in all the other sections vertically extends as common in other cases.Preferred first section separates by shim and all the other sections, and this shim is passed by at least one interface channel.By the zigzag movement-oriented and interface channel in first section preferably on the end opposite ground of diameter with respect to the layout of the joint that becomes a mandarin, realized advantageously big heat exchange surface at first section, so that improve radiant section.

Advantageously, the single-column type calandria since between convection part and the radiant section the different relations when operation at part load and oepration at full load have a nonlinear calandria index, this calandria index exactly advantageously diminishes when hanging down heating power, this causes heating cost to be saved, as described above.

Described favourable effect is additionally also strengthened in single-row and multiple row formula calandria as follows, promptly particularly covering plate moved to when the low heating power above the convection current profile, thereby prevent cross-ventilation thus and the heat part of discharging by heat radiation is further improved with respect to the part of discharging by convection current by means of adjustable mechanism.

Therefore, preferably in that section (this section in operation at part load time be transfused to less heat), calandria of the present invention is provided with a temperature sensor.Usually this section is positioned on the bottom of calandria.Preferred this temperature sensor is connected with an allowance for expansion, and this allowance for expansion makes a covering shutter (Abdeckjalousie) move as above mentioned by the adjustment movement relevant with temperature.At this, this adjustment movement is exactly regulated like this, thereby becomes big when making the temperature of heat extraction when bigger heating power and in sensor region of convection current higher.

Advantageously, the calandria index also can design in this case with changing, make even also can realize a calandria that has best heating power during in oepration at full load in the situation of the whole lip-deep extension of calandria when operation at part load, to have a best high radiant section simultaneously for the convection current profile.

Obtain other advantage in a single-column type calandria, the side section of this calandria is backwards or at locular wall side direction back bending song, so as twice and be parallel to header board when crooked squarely basically overleaf and with the liftoff extension of header board spacer.This form of implementation is very near one two row formula calandria.In this calandria, the section that meets in the middle of the destination is not provided with the convection current profile, and is big as much as possible at this radiant section in the section of chamber thus.On the contrary the convection current profile is being set respectively preferably on the side section of back bending song, described convection current profile extends on the preferred whole surface at calandria of there.

If almost extend on the whole width of front surface on calandria surface, described back, meet the destination towards the centre portion of chamber so and be provided with the joint that becomes a mandarin, and two backflow fittings that exist then on rear side are met.Except particularly when the operation at part load by the front surface of more even heating, particularly advantageously on this form of implementation be, in fact it approach one two row formula calandria, and two calandrias need not be joined to one another by tube connector, this causes higher manufacturing cost usually. for this reasonOn the contrary, the suitable bending of individual layer calandria can realize relatively simply.

Exactly for the country with gentle winter, another deformation program of single-column type calandria of the present invention is proved to be particularly advantageous, the tubular formation of the part that wherein refluxes and extending on the signal portion of the back of calandria in its length.What meet purpose is, this backflow part is provided with convection current thin slice a plurality of circular or rectangle, described convection current thin slice significantly improves described heat part of discharging by convection current when cold external temperature, but described convection current thin slice is heated in the date of gentleness and particularly in operation at part load the time hardly, because hot water cool to room temperature on preceding calandria surface.What meet purpose is that in this form of implementation, preceding calandria surface is not provided with the convection current plate fully.

Advantageously, in this form of implementation, can in relatively low manufacturing cost, realize having the calandria of the enough heating powers and the control characteristic of brilliance.Preferably use a pipe that has been provided with convection cell, this pipe can be used as cheap rice meter thing and obtains for this reason.The diameter of this pipe and the gross area of convection cell can adapt to the design of calandria.Preferred this calandria additionally also is provided with the convection current profile on its preceding calandria surface, described convection current profile can additionally hide by covering shutter that mentioned, adjustable.

Can be turned to up by a lower corner zone as described above in order to make to flow, the present invention uses so-called support pad or the escapement with a drain tube that molds and a transverse holes.In installation in accordance with regulations, transverse holes be arranged in the joint section, promptly become a mandarin the extension or be arranged in of joint or backflow fittings be used to connect before the extension of heating plate and the tube connector of back heating plate.In addition, this drain tube is arranged in one of flow channel that vertically extends of heating plate, makes current drainage advantageously can focus in the definite flow channel.

Advantageously, when using support pad of the present invention or escapement, the joint that becomes a mandarin can be arranged in the lower area of calandria, and needn't use a tackling be useful on water guide up tedge, be positioned at the valve outside the calandria.This helps additionally to save manufacturing cost.

Advantageously, in the transverse holes of support member or escapement, profiled member is set, can on purpose influences gaseous state and liquid medium flowing between these calandria plates by described profiled member.

At this, can satisfy different functions according to the different situations of form of implementation.

According to a kind of special configuration of the present invention, this profiled member fully seals the described opening that is arranged in the support member, prevents that thus gaseous state and liquid medium from flowing between these calandria plates.

According to another special configuration of the present invention, this profiled member has an opening, and this opening allows gaseous state and liquid medium to be directed in one of these calandria plates to a great extent corresponding to the opening that is arranged in the support member thus with being diverted.

According to another special configuration of the present invention, an opening is set in this profiled member, this opening allows gaseous medium to exchange between these calandria plates, but stops liquid medium through-flow between these calandria plates.

Particularly advantageously set, but described profiled member shape is sealed and/or force closure be arranged in the opening of support member, this brings simple assembling.

Preferred described profiled member for example is made of metal, plastics or pottery the material of cheapness.

Particularly advantageously set, described profiled member on its external dimensions corresponding to the opening profile of support member and allow the connection of the sealing on the junction.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing by means of the signal of preferred embodiment is explained theme of the present invention in detail.Other advantages of the present invention and feature are disclosed at this.According to the present invention, each feature also can by other arbitrarily mode make up.Wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates the flat calandria of two row formulas of the present invention with the front view of perspective,

Fig. 2 illustrates two row formula calandrias of the present invention, become a mandarin joint and backflow fittings in the middle of it is included in,

Fig. 3 illustrates one two row formula calandria with cross-sectional view, and wherein the convection current plate can hide by means of an allowance for expansion and a covering shutter,

Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of single-column type calandria of the present invention,

Fig. 5 illustrates a single-column type calandria of the present invention, and it comprises the side section and the middle joint section of back bending backward,

Fig. 6 illustrates another single-column type calandria of the present invention, and it comprises the pipeline section rear portion, that be provided with convection cell,

Fig. 7 illustrates an escapement of the present invention (support pad), is used to make the heat medium that flows through calandria to turn to, exactly on its position up to specification.

Fig. 8 schematically illustrates the circuit diagram of the flat calandria of electricity of the present invention,

Fig. 9 illustrates installation in calandria to the of the present invention preceding wall device with cross-sectional view,

Figure 10 illustrates a kind of form of implementation, and wherein the convection current section is arranged on the radiant section next door,

Figure 11-13 is illustrated in the different forms of implementation of the profiled member in escapement or the support member with cutaway view,

Figure 14 illustrates the perspective view of three row formula calandrias with the profiled member that is arranged in jointing and the support member,

Figure 15 illustrates double-deck vertical heated wall with exploded view,

Figure 16 illustrates the cutaway view of the level of the partial view of vertical heated wall and the heat medium targeting part in upper area,

Figure 17 illustrates lower area by the heated wall of Figure 16 with the cutaway view of level,

Figure 18 illustrates another deformation program of double-deck vertical heated wall with exploded view,

Figure 19 illustrates the cutaway view by the level of the partial view of the vertical heated wall of Figure 18 and the heat medium targeting part in upper area,

Figure 20 illustrates lower area by the heated wall of Figure 19 with the cutaway view of level,

Figure 21 illustrates double-deck horizontal heated wall with exploded view,

Figure 22 is illustrated in the partial view of the heated wall of a level in the zone of partition wall on the left side with vertical cutaway view,

The partial view of the heated wall of a level on the right of Figure 23 is illustrated in vertical cutaway view in the guide plate zone,

Figure 24 illustrates another deformation program of double-deck horizontal heated wall with the form of exploded view,

Figure 25 illustrates the horizontal cross by the partial view of the heated wall of the level of Figure 24 and the heat medium targeting part in upper area,

Figure 26 illustrates lower area by the heated wall of Figure 25 with the cutaway view of level,

Figure 27 is illustrated in the vertical cutaway view by the calandria of Figure 25 in the right flank zone,

Figure 28 illustrates another deformation program of double-deck flat calandria of water with exploded view,

Figure 29 illustrates the horizontal cross by the partial view of the heated wall of the level of Figure 28 and the heat medium targeting part in upper area,

Figure 30 illustrates lower area by the heated wall of Figure 29 with the cutaway view of level,

Figure 31 is illustrated in the vertical cutaway view by the heated wall of Figure 29 in the right flank zone.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 illustrate one by of the present invention, have so-called two row formula calandrias with side connector on top, before the joint VL that wherein becomes a mandarin is arranged in the upper corner zone a of heating plate 1 and backflow fittings RL be positioned at back heating plate 1 ' lower corner zone d ' on.The hot water that flows into by the joint that becomes a mandarin via a jointing c-c ', a preferred metal or plastic pipe, be directed to back heating plate 1 ' before, this hot water distributes on preceding heating plate suitably.What conform with purpose is, constitutes heating plate by two and half shells or contoured plate, and described half shell or contoured plate are preferably made by steel plate or plastics, is welded to one another their watertights or connects.For distributed flow moving medium, preferred water equably, corresponding section bar is designed like this, make in heating plate, be provided with flow channel that a plurality of a-d vertically extend and superincumbent and below longitudinal edge a-b or d-c on a transverse flow passages is set respectively.In order to distribute equably, each transverse flow passages is the expansion of infundibulate ground along the longitudinal direction.

Water after flowing among the c ' of the lower corner of heating plate zone must at first redirect among the b ' of upper corner zone.In order to improve the propensity of hot water, meet the destination and support by the special tectonic of back heating plate 1 ' in this folding corner region.For this purpose, a tubule can be set in one of these flow channels that vertically extend, this tubule is connected with jointing c-c ', makes the water that flows into turn to up.When this flow channel and below transverse flow passages when separating, this tubule becomes unnecessary.But for this purpose also can be used by support pad of the present invention (stuetzeinlage), as described in following.

Before direction by the backflow fittings of vertical flow channel in the d ' of lower corner zone flowed again, this water turned to towards the longitudinal direction of level again in the b ' of upper corner zone, as arrow is represented by a dotted line at water.In order to make simply, preceding heating plate and back heating plate constitute in the same manner, the lower corner zone d of heating plate before the feasible joint VL that becomes a mandarin also can be arranged in.For this reason, the hot water that flows into by the joint VL that becomes a mandarin must at first redirect among a of upper corner zone, preferably by means of above-mentioned device.

In order to improve the heat part of discharging by convection current, convection current profile or convection current plate 2 can be set on heating plate, they can have rectangle or waveform profiles in vertical view.In a preferred form of implementation, preceding heating plate and back heating plate are respectively equipped with the convection current profile.But may also be considered that only the back heating plate is provided with one or two convection current profile.In order further to improve heating power, calandria also can have one the 3rd heating plate, and the 3rd heating plate is arranged on the second heating plate back and in parallel with this second heating plate or connect.

Tube connector c-c ' attachable by using, that for example can tighten, these heating plates do not need to be connected to each other regularly, but can the adaptive corresponding situation of Modularly.

Exactly when the sub-load scope, when low heating power or when the flow velocity of flow media is low, only be that preceding heating plate rather than back heating plate 1 are heated, this helps the comfortableness of chamber weather.If the convection current profile is not set on preceding heating plate, about 50% heat is discharged from this heating plate by radiation so usually.In addition, calandria has a less calandria index, thereby so this calandria compare with calandria and can also be adjusted to low flow velocity and can advantageously regulate better with big convection part.

Exactly in long calandria, described longer calandria for example for bigger chamber particularly the office chamber be necessary, may occur now: calandria is hot in the zone of joint a that becomes a mandarin, but the distant place before jointing c feels cold.This may cause, and is no longer enough by the distant place of convection current before jointing that calandria produces, so that make the cold air of decline produce swirling flow and guiding together up by the hot-air that rises, this cold air is caused by a window that is positioned at the calandria top.The possibility of result is, for example the people who stops in the zone of the joint that becomes a mandarin of calandria has warm pin, and the another person in the zone of jointing is because the cold air of decline has cold pin.

For fear of this disadvantageous effect, a kind ofly stipulated to become a mandarin by Fig. 2 that the hot water of the intermediate arrangement of joint or backflow fittings and inflow preferably is branched off into left symmetrically and flowing to the right by form of implementation of the present invention.For this reason, a transverse projections is set below the joint VL that becomes a mandarin preferably, as in Fig. 2 by as described in the crossbeam.Transfer in order to flow in the heating plate of back, in regional d of the lower corner of preceding heating plate or c, corresponding two tube connector d-d ' or c-c ' are set, on its end, have a tubule, one respectively again by support pad of the present invention or another suitable device, so that flowing in the heating plate of back turned to up.Meet the upper corner zone a ' of back heating plate or b ' afterwards at flow media, this flows and turns to towards middle m.Can construct a shim in the centre of last transverse flow passages and be used to make the mobile of the left side and the right to separate, as representing by vertical crossbeam.At last, flow media arrives backflow part RL via the transverse flow passages on the following longitudinal edge of these vertical flow channels and back heating plate.

In the calandria of become a mandarin joint and backflow fittings with homonymy, surface temperature descends on the whole width of calandria, and in the joint that becomes a mandarin of centre corresponding temperature curve be symmetry and improved the comfort level that the chamber user feels.

Because preceding heating plate is being flowed into before the heating plate in the back, so the heat of being discharged by these two heating plates is different when the sub-load scope particularly.This unique design with heating plate is relevant.Though people think to design in the same manner this two heating plates in order to reduce manufacturing cost, but still can have hot preceding heating plate for calandria even when hanging down heating power, should preferably have a bigger radiant section by preceding heating plate, then heating plate is in order to realize that in cold day desired heating power preferably has high convection part.So heating plate does not have the convection current profile before preferred.

As the half-way house between two extreme version, another form of implementation of the present invention comprises an adjustable covering shutter, the inflow of particularly relevant with heating power the to be produced ground of this covering shutter conditioning chamber air to the convection current profile.Fig. 3 illustrates a viewgraph of cross-section by two row formula calandrias of the present invention, and this calandria has the adjustable shutter that is used for two convection current profiles 2.

For this reason, preferably be provided with a temperature sensor 6 and an allowance for expansion 3 towards the preceding heating plate 1 of chamber, just as the window that for example also is used for regulating in the greenhouse.One can be connected with compensation volume 3 and be connected with one of these covering plates 7 on the other hand on the one hand transverse to the valve rod of heating plate 1,1 ' motion, so that cause the adjusting of covering plate when temperature change.For this adjustment movement is delivered on second covering plate, be provided with one and have the intermediate point of fixed-site or scissor guide post 5 and two guide rods of the point of rotation, an end of described guide rod always regularly and its other end always slidably motion ground be connected with a covering plate.In order to produce reset force, a plurality of spring elements 4 can be set, thereby make covering plate 7 press against on the forficiform guide post 5 on the one hand and press against on the other hand on the spring element 4, described spring element itself presses against one and keeps on the framework.If a convection current profile only is set, so enough is that valve rod directly is connected with a covering plate, so it does not need guide post.

Allowance for expansion is a kind of thermostat cover, and it has a liquid capacity that expands and shrink when cooling when heating.Normally used medium is wax or paraffin.Now, this allowance for expansion is realized like this, makes the thermal expansion of this volume be converted into the adjustment movement of valve rod.Corresponding adjustment movement can with temperature linearity ground or non-linearly relevant, perhaps when the transition temperature of being scheduled near jump function.By forficiform mechanism, the adjustment movement of valve rod is converted to the transverse movement of covering plate.It is preferably designed like this, that is, covering plate 7 discharges convection current profile KB when temperature is high relatively in the lower curtate of current calandria, when calandria should provide high heating power, makes air can flow into the convection current profile without barrier.Calandria mainly passes through convection heat transfer in this case.The corresponding calandria index that is used for described Convective Heating body is big relatively, for example is 1.5.If temperature reduces in the section of the bottom of preceding heating plate now, covering plate 7 will be conditioned and hide the convection current profile so, make to increase the heat part of discharging by heat radiation and reduce total thermal power generally.Because the radiant section that improves, corresponding calandria index is less, for example is 1.25, and this advantageously affacts on the control characteristic when operation at part load.In order to obtain conversion effect, in special configuration of the present invention, also can use memory metal or bimetallic spring.

In addition, this control characteristic also can obtain in the following way, promptly use thermostat valve to regulate, this thermostat valve can make flowing in radiant section and the convection current section irrespectively regulate each other or, the adjusting of radiant section and convection current section is irrespectively carried out each other like this, make the heating load of chamber hour at first be radiant section be loaded and when the heating load of chamber is higher the convection current section additionally loaded.

The solution of the present invention not only can be used on multiple row formula calandria but also can use on the single-column type calandria.For this reason, Fig. 4 illustrates a single-column type calandria of the present invention, and it has first section 8 and one second section 9 in the upper area that is preferably placed at calandria.Become a mandarin the part be arranged on first section 8, so this first section before second section by the flow of hot water mistake.For the hot water that distributes equably, on last longitudinal edge a-b, preferably has a transverse flow passages, on this transverse flow passages or indentation ground connect the other transverse flow passages or connect unshowned a plurality of flow channel that vertically extends, the latter can be extended in the current downflow passage and (represent by the vertical beam shown in the runic).But what meet purpose is, between first section and second section shim 10 is set, and makes that this hot water is at first concentrated in upper curtate, so that provide its heat at there before the hot water that flows into arrives lower curtates via one or more interface channels 11.

Preferred described upper curtate does not have the convection current profile, so this upper curtate is a flat calandria, and it has high radiant section and little calandria index.Usually, described lower curtate has a convection current profile 2, makes that the major part of heat is discharged by convection current in lower curtate.If shim of structure between first and second section, what relate at this so is radiation-and being connected in series of Convective Heating body.

If now hot water is at low heating power and therefore flow in the upper curtate under low flow rate conditions, this water cooled off in upper curtate before arriving lower curtate so, thereby so a major part on calandria surface be hot and feel comfortable.For distribution table surface temperature equably, the joint that becomes a mandarin of a centre particularly can be set, as described above when calandria is very long.

Very long or heating power requires when high at calandria, suitable is, make side section a, the b of calandria crooked backwards, therefore under opposite extreme situations, as shown in fig. 5 like that, can obtain almost two row formula calandrias, wherein said side section preferred parallel is extended on front section and the major part in front section.At this, what meet purpose is, selects above mentioned centre to become a mandarin-and backflow fittings.The two row formula calandrias of mentioning with beginning no longer need preceding heating plate and back heating plate are connected to each other by tube connector in this form of implementation on the contrary, and this causes obviously lower manufacturing cost.The required bending of calandria both can connect or two and half shell 20a, the 20b of weld heating body before carry out, also can and then described connection or welding carry out.

What meet purpose is, convection current plate 2 only is set at back heating plate 1 ' go up or also can only extends on the relatively little part of calandria in front section 1, so this calandria is configured with a radiant section and a convection current section again.

Fig. 6 illustrates another form of implementation of a single-column type or two row formula calandrias, and this calandria has previous irradiation section 8 and back convection current section 9.For this reason, one is connected with a pipeline section 14 that is arranged on this heating plate back by single-column type calandria of the present invention or another the flat calandria tube connector 13 by a preferred flexible of being made by plastics, metal etc.In order to improve convection part, the pipeline section of back is provided with the convection cell or the thin slice 15 of a plurality of circles or rectangle at least, and its surface is selected according to required total heating power.Obtain because this pipe will be used as very cheap rice meter thing, so realized a kind of calandria in this way, this calandria is very cheap and advantage that two row formula calandrias of the present invention are provided on the other hand on the one hand.

This calandria particularly is applied in the south country with relatively gentle winter, at the very high radiant section of these national major requirements, but also demanding convection part in the minority sky only.Both of these case can be similarly satisfied in series connection by radiant section and convection current section.In order further to improve convection part, preceding heating plate also can partly be provided with the convection current plate, as wave molding is by a dotted line represented.

Fig. 9 illustrates the installation of calandria of the present invention in the preceding wall device as suitable example application with the form of cross-sectional view.Preceding wall device is installed before locular wall when the groove of the pond of support 26 forms of putting base shape in order usually.This support is used for fixing for example sink 28 etc. of erecting device.After housekeeping finished, support disappeared and actual placed side 25 is provided thus.

What the chamber that this preceding wall device can be used for calandria was saved packs into.For this reason, single-row or multiple row formula calandria of the present invention is preferred to be installed like this, makes radiant section 1 be arranged on the chamber side, and convection current section 1 ' be arranged in watertight aircase 27.In order to form cross-ventilation, preceding wall device is provided with on its downside or upside and enters-or discharge grid 29,30.Flush ground sealing before the preferred radiant section 1.The convection current section can constitute with the form of convection current plate or with the form that has by the pipe of the convection cell of Fig. 6.Therefore realize the wall heating surface by the mode of advantageously saving the chamber, even this wall heating surface is because single-row or multiple row formula calandria structure also can advantageously feel warm and comfortable low when becoming a mandarin temperature.

Figure 10 illustrates another preferred form of implementation of multiple row formula calandria of the present invention, and wherein radiant section 1 and described one or more convection current section are provided with abreast.Preferred radiant section 1 is arranged on the following of window 31 and is determined like this, even make the surface of this radiant section also can compensate on the one hand to be positioned at the cold radiating surface of the window 31 above it and on the other hand because its convection part still can compensate the cold air of decline in cold day.Near the position of convection current section 1 ' radiant section thereon or its down, streamwise is connected the back and preferably extends along the floor skirting.For this reason, the convection current section preferably constitutes the pipe that is provided with convection cell, as described in Fig. 6, and owing to the reason itself of aesthstic and chamber health is dressed up.

In all above-mentioned multiple row formula calandrias, top, preferably the calandria plate towards the chamber is the hottest, and become colder relatively at the heating plate of locular wall side.This helps to make heat seldom not lose by locular wall with having utilization.In order further to suppress this heat loss, in the locular wall side radiation shield 12 is set at all in by calandria of the present invention, this radiation shield is preferably made by the aluminium of multilayer and both had been used for the isolated thermal insulation that also is used for towards wall of radiation.This radiation shield also can be used for the most preceding heating plate and be arranged on thermal insulation between thereafter the heating plate.

As explained above, by connect pipeline section c-c ' or d-d ' flow into heating plate 1 ' following join domain c ' or the interior heat medium of d ' by b ' or a ' turn to up.This can meet the destination and causes by a vertical flow channel that constitutes suitably, and preferably uses an escapement or support pad for this reason, as following with reference to as described in Fig. 7 and 11 to 14.

The top of Fig. 7 to be to illustrate one and half shells or plate from the partial view of observing previously, exactly is with before the second half shells that correspondingly constitute are connected at this half shell.As previously mentioned, this half shell is molded profile or is provided with

impression portion

21,22a, 22b, therefore in the inside of heating plate of the present invention along preferred vertical direction extending a plurality of flow channels 21 and below or above longitudinal edge on (not shown) extending one and be substantially perpendicular to the transverse flow passages 23 that described flow channel extends.The bottom of Fig. 7 and left part illustrate the part of calandria of the present invention respectively with vertical view and viewgraph of cross-section, the joint 18 that wherein becomes a mandarin is arranged on middle in this embodiment and is arranged on the following longitudinal edge of calandria, just as what be provided with for long calandria according to the present invention.

Turn in order to make by the joint VL that becomes a mandarin, 18 water that flow into, the vertical flow channel of the close joint that becomes a mandarin can for example separate by the remainder of a partition wall with following transverse flow passages 23.But preferably before engaging this two and half shell, a special support pad or an escapement that constitutes is placed one of these half shells.In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, support pad has a transverse holes 19a and the hole 19b perpendicular to this transverse holes extension that is preferably designed for through hole in its lower curtate.In their position up to specification, the hole 19b of Yan Shening is arranged in a flow channel 21 that vertically extends vertically, and transverse holes 19a is on certain height and be arranged in the extension of the joint 18 that becomes a mandarin.Guaranteed turning to of described mobile expectation up by this layout.Should flow preferably only turns to by a flow channel, and support pad also can constitute like this, makes this be flowing in a plurality of flow channels and is directed.

In order to make support pad occupy its position up to specification, it preferably has asymmetric shape.In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the outline of support pad adapts to the impression portion or the contoured portion of described half shell, makes the hole 19b of described vertical extension be in the flow channel 21.For the annular basically situation about constituting of support pad, this support pad also can be provided with a 19c of leveling portion on a circumferential position, and this leveling portion is descending on the longitudinal edge by touching in position up to specification.By asymmetric configuration, the insertion of the automation of support pad for example becomes easy by means of robot or under the situation of described half shell of slight wobble.

In order to make heating plate, at first the plate that two preferred steel plates of the material by plastically deformable or plastics are made is provided with the 22a of impression portion, 22b.Therefore, constituted one and

half shell

20a, 20b by contoured like this plate.Each half shell is provided with one or more holes that are used for receiving valve section and joint section VL, RL or jointing c-c '.On these positions, preferably support pad is inserted between this two and half shell, connect or when welding this two and half shell or the very big power that produces when the anchor tip section, therefore described power does not cause these half shell undesired deformation so that be received in.There---should additionally make flow divert here, preferably use support pad of the present invention, as to have the current drainage that is directed.

Flat calandria of three row formulas shown in Figure 14 with become a mandarin joint VL and backflow fittings RL.This flat calandria comprise one that flow through by heat medium and preferably flow through towards the first calandria plate 1 of chamber to be heated and two other and be arranged on thereafter calandria plate 1 ', 1 ' '.These

calandria plates

1,1 ', 1 " by connect-on fluid, being connected each other with adapter piece 1a-1d.These

calandria plates

1,1 ', 1 " constitute by plate shell to be connected, between described plate shell for settle connection-and adapter piece 1a-d be provided with some support members that are provided with opening 19a 19.According to the present invention, in the opening 19a of support member 19, be provided with profiled member (Formteil) 19.1-19.3, can on purpose influence gaseous state and liquid heat medium flowing between the calandria plate by described profiled member.

A profiled member 19.1 shown in Figure 12, it fully seals and describedly is arranged on the opening 19a in the support member 19 and stops gaseous state thus and liquid medium flowing between these calandria plates.

A profiled member 19.2 shown in Figure 13, it has an opening 19.2a, and this opening is to a great extent corresponding to the opening 19a that is arranged in the support member 19, and this opening allows gaseous state and liquid medium to flow in the calandria plate with turning to.

A profiled member 19.3 shown in Figure 11, it has an opening 19.3a, and this opening allows gaseous medium exchange between these heating plates, but stops liquid medium through-flow between these calandria plates.

Particularly advantageously be, but these profiled member shapes are sealed and/or force closure be arranged among the opening 19a of support member 19.Thereby these profiled members preferably are made of metal, plastics or pottery and on its external dimensions corresponding to the profile of the opening 19a of support member 19 and allow on the junction, to connect hermetically.

Heat medium is by back plate 1 " and intermediate plate 1 ' between joint via intermediate plate 1 ' import in the header board 1.Thus, at first heating of header board 1.This realizes by above-mentioned profiled member of the present invention.Backflow RL from header board 1 enter into below intermediate plate 1 ' and enter into the back plate 1 ".

But above-mentioned principle not only can be applied to the calandria that is flow through by flow media but also can be applied to electric heating body by Fig. 8, in this principle, to first section with the higher radiant section many heat of remaining calandria section of delivery ratio when the low heating power particularly.Therefore according to described single-column type or multiple row formula calandria, radiant section 8 for example can be arranged on the top of convection current section 9 or also can be arranged on before such convection current section.

For this reason, according to the present invention, corresponding section is respectively equipped with a plurality of electrical heating elements R1 ... Rn, r1 ... rm, these heating element heaters or in metallic sheath, directly be presented in the calandria or in corresponding flow channel, as described above.This electric heating body can be provided with a flow circuit with sealing of water, paraffin etc., and wherein, the convection current of flowing drives by heating element heater itself or by additional driving mechanism.The heating element heater of each section is in parallel usually.

According to Fig. 8, one by the parallel resistance of first section 8 in the electric heating body of the present invention less than second or other the parallel resistance of section 9, make the section of winning be transfused to more heat.What meet purpose is, but each heating element heater of these sections can by an adjusting device individually or cascade ground control, make total heating power and the hot share of particularly discharging by radiation and convection current can be adaptive individually and can adaptive chamber situation at that time.Particularly under the situation of two row formula calandrias advantageously, people can turn-off the heating element heater of the plate of locular wall side when the low heating power of expectation, make to keep the calandria with high radiant section in the chamber side.For this reason, additionally between these two

sections

8,9 of calandria, a relay 16 is set.

In another preferred form of implementation, first in other words before calandria section 8 only be provided with one or a self-interacting type or self-limited type resistance additionally are set, just as it for example is applied in the so-called self-limited type heat tracing pipe.Self-limited type resistance preferably is made of ferrite, and described ferrite is embedded in base material, for example elastomer.Therefore obtain a resistance relevant with temperature, this resistance rises along with the rising of resistance temperature, wherein can realize the almost resistance relation of jump function shape, thus this resistance for example when low temperature from limitting.

If electric heating body of the present invention only first in other words front section 8 be provided with a self-limited type heating element heater, can have bothersome adjusting ground so and realize: first in other words the resistance of front section 8 when low temperature less than the resistance of all the other sections.Therefore when the sub-load scope, when the calandria surface is cold relatively, the radiant section of calandria is heated more strongly, makes the chamber comfort level be enhanced.When medium calandria temperature, the resistance of these two calandria sections is identical, on the contrary at high heating power, be that temperature of heating plate is when high, the surface temperature of first section owing to the self-limited type resistive element remains on can be predetermined temperature on, make people can not scald on the heated zones of front in other words first.

By calandria of the present invention being divided into as described above a radiant section that is at first become a mandarin and a convection current section that is arranged on the back, can obtain an advantageously nonlinear control characteristic: when hanging down demand for heat, heat is preferably exported by heat radiation, and when high demand for heat, the major part of heat is discharged by convection current.

Exactly in the good chamber of thermal insulation and when the sub-load scope, required heating power can change dramatically, for example when the halogen floodlight of when only needing the heating power of 400w, connecting or turn-off a 300w suddenly.So in order further to improve control characteristic, calandria of the present invention preferably with one have nonlinear, for example increase progressively or the thermostat valve operation of the control characteristic of successively decreasing.At this, this control valve is preferred to be constituted like this, and making that the quilt of convection current section flows through can be fully or irrespectively suppress partly and with the adjusting of radiant section or regulate.

The present invention is described in conjunction with a kind of calandria of being crossed by the heat flow MEDIA FLOW till now, and the principle that the difference in the zone that separates on the chamber of calandria loads also can be applied on cooling body, for example wallboard cooler, and they are by cold flow MEDIA FLOW mistake.Therefore, first section is towards the chamber in two row formula cooling bodies, and the section of back is arranged on the locular wall side or be connected with an other heat exchanger.What particularly suit in the single-column type cooling body can be in the middle of at first the section that is become a mandarin is positioned at, perhaps also can be positioned on the edge of cooling body, and remaining section complementally to be provided with it.

In some very special application, particularly in the long-range heat supply association system in kindergarten or former ASEAN countries, multiple row formula calandria of the present invention also can use with opposite wiring, makes colder than the plate that is arranged on thereafter towards the calandria plate of chamber to be heated usually.Finger is scalded, and this has had defined legally in some national kindergartens.If but changing after structural situation, for example thermal insulation or the application purpose important affair, multiple row formula calandria so of the present invention can overturn simply, makes hot heating plate towards the chamber, obtains the advantage that this paper beginning is mentioned thus.Therefore, can need not to change or newly buy realize under the situation of calandria adaptive.

Figure 15 to 31 illustrates the preferred application that is used for so-called heated wall of the present invention, and described heated wall is made of flat heating tube vertical or level, and these heating tubes connect on water conservancy diversion ground each other by collector level or vertical or passage.

Figure 15 illustrates one, and it comprises so-called same side connector by the vertical heated wall of two row formulas of the present invention, the upper corner zone of heating plate 1 before the joint VL that wherein becomes a mandarin is arranged in, and backflow fittings RL be positioned at back heating plate 1 ' the lower corner zone on.The hot water that flows into by the joint that becomes a mandarin be directed into via a jointing, a preferred pipe of making by metal or plastics back calandria 1 ' in before, this hot water distributes on preceding heating plate suitably.The guiding of water in the upper area from Figure 16 clear find out and lower area the water guiding find out by Figure 17 is clear.These tube connectors are so constructed, and make heat medium only can arrive the back heating plate in right regions.Use the described mechanism of the above-mentioned deformation program of the present invention, these mechanisms can be applied on the heated wall in simple mode to those skilled in the art for this reason.Figure 18 illustrates a vertical heated wall, and wherein these heating plates are connected to each other in upper corner and lower corner zone by means of T shape part.The flow adjustment of heat medium is as clear being undertaken by T shape part finding out by Figure 19 and 20, and wherein these T shape parts seal ground or water conservancy diversion ground constitutes like this, before making heating plate always after can flow through continuously by heat medium before the heating plate.

Figure 21 to Figure 31 illustrates the different forms of implementation of horizontal heated wall, and promptly heating tube flatly is provided with and is connected to each other by the collection passage in the side in the compact structure mode.The flow adjustment of heat medium as by Figure 22 and 23 clear find out undertaken like that by the guide plate in the side regions, these guide plates constitute like this, heating plate is always afterwards being flow through before the heating plate continuously before making.

Figure 24 to 31 illustrates other forms of implementation of horizontal heated wall, and wherein the flow adjustment of heat medium is similar to the above-mentioned form of implementation ground that is used for vertical heated wall and carries out, and promptly tube connector or the T shape part by corresponding formation carries out.For fear of repetition, abandon further instruction and at large consult top form of implementation.

Claims

One kind at least single-column type, preferred two row or multiple row formula calandrias, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises:

The joint (VL) that becomes a mandarin,

Backflow fittings (RL),

One flow through and preferably towards first section (1) of chamber to be heated and

At least another is flow through and preferably is arranged on the section (1 ') of this first section back,

It is characterized in that: this first section was flow through before all the other sections basically equably, wherein, the joint that at least one leads to described another section at least (1 ') only was set on the lower end region of first section (1).
2. by the described calandria of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this first section (1) is designed like this, makes can import the many heat of all the other sections of comparing this calandria to this first section at least when hanging down heating power.
3. by claim 1 or 2 described calandrias, it is characterized in that: these section plate shapes constitute and are preferably formed by contoured plate or flat pipe, and these plates or pipe are connected to each other by the collection passage and are particularly made by steel plate.
4. by the described calandria of claim 3, it is characterized in that: these plates are made these sections (1,1 ') comprise a plurality of flow channels by contoured like this.
5. by the described calandria of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the total length of the flow channel in first section (1) than in all the other sections greatly.
6. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the flow resistance of the flow channel of first section (1) is littler than the flow resistance in all the other sections.
7. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: these sections connect by connection pipeline section one or more flexibility, that preferably made by metal or plastics.
8. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: joint that becomes a mandarin (VL) and backflow fittings (RL) are separately positioned on the vertical longitudinal edge of this calandria.
9. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: joint that becomes a mandarin (VL) and backflow fittings (RL) are separately positioned on the centre of the horizontal-extending section of this calandria.
10. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: first section (1) is arranged on the top or the below of second section (1 '), and wherein, preferably these two sections are built in a calandria or the heating plate.
11. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that: the surface of these sections (1,1 ') is provided with convection current profile (2), described convection current profile preferably has rectangle-or waveform profiles.
12. by the described calandria of claim 11, it is characterized in that: this first section (1) does not have the convection current profile.
13., it is characterized in that the covering shutter (7) of adjustable, the cross section that becomes a mandarin that is used to change convection current profile (2) by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 12.
14. by the described calandria of claim 13, it is characterized in that: this covering shutter (7) can be regulated on relevant ground with temperature like this, makes that this covering shutter (7) hides convection current profile (2) basically when the temperature that becomes a mandarin in first section (1) is low.
15. by claim 13 or 14 described calandrias, it is characterized in that a temperature sensor (6), this temperature sensor is arranged on first section (1).
16. by each described calandria in the claim 13 to 15, it is characterized in that a compensation volume relevant (3), be used to regulate described covering shutter (7) with temperature.
17., it is characterized in that one is used to regulate the memory metal or the bimetallic of described covering shutter (7) by each described calandria in the claim 13 to 15.
18. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 17, it is characterized in that between first section and the described at least section that is arranged on this first section back, the preferred preferred isolation layer of making by the aluminium of individual layer or multilayer of on first section.
19. by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 18, it is characterized in that: this calandria is provided with a radiation shield of preferably being made by the aluminium of multilayer in the locular wall side.
20. a single-column type calandria, particularly flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises

Joint (VL) becomes a mandarin

Backflow fittings (RL) and

The calandria that plate shape constitutes and flow through,

It is characterized in that the section (8,9) that at least two quilts differently design, wherein first section (8) streamwise is arranged on before all the other sections and to this first section and imports the heat of Duoing than all the other sections at least when hanging down heating power.
21. by the described calandria of claim 20, it is characterized in that: on a surface of this calandria convection current profile (2) is set at least, described convection current profile preferably has rectangle-or waveform profiles in vertical view.
22. by the described calandria of claim 21, it is characterized in that: the total surface of the convection current profile of this first section (8) is littler than the total surface of all the other sections.
23. by the described calandria of claim 21, it is characterized in that: this first section (8) does not have the convection current profile.
24. by each described calandria in the claim 19 to 22, it is characterized in that: this calandria forms under the situation of a plurality of flow channels or is formed by flat pipe by contoured sheet material material, preferred steel plate, constituting, and these pipes are connected to each other by collecting passage.
25. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 24, it is characterized in that: the flow resistance of the flow channel of first section (8) is littler than the flow resistance of all the other sections.
26. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 25, it is characterized in that: this calandria is by contoured like this, make that at least the first section (8) comprises a plurality of flow channels, these flow channel along continuous straight runs and indentation extend with rising or descend.
27. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 25, it is characterized in that: at least the second section (9) is made it comprise a plurality of flow channels that vertically extend by contoured like this.
28. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 27, it is characterized in that: first section (8) separates with all the other sections by at least one shim (10).
29. by the described calandria of claim 28, it is characterized in that: this shim (a 10) quilt only interface channel (11) passes.
30. by the described calandria of claim 29, it is characterized in that: this interface channel (11) is arranged on the vertical longitudinal edge of this calandria.
31. by the described calandria of claim 28, it is characterized in that: this shim (10) is passed by a plurality of interface channels (11).
32. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 31, it is characterized in that: the joint that becomes a mandarin (VL) is arranged on the vertical longitudinal edge of this calandria.
33. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 31, it is characterized in that: the joint that becomes a mandarin (VL) is arranged on the centre of the horizontal-extending section of this calandria.
34. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 33, it is characterized in that: this calandria is crooked backwards at least one longitudinal edge, so that constitute a rear portion, preferably towards the heating dignity of a locular wall, heating was extended honorably before this heating dignity was arranged essentially parallel to, wherein, become a mandarin the part be arranged on the front, preferably on the heating dignity of chamber to be heated.
35. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 33, it is characterized in that: the part that refluxes (RL) tubulose constitutes and extends on the major part of calandria back in its length.
36. by the described calandria of claim 35, it is characterized in that: the backflow part (14) of described tubulose is provided with convection cell a plurality of circles or rectangle (15).
37. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 33, it comprises two sections, it is characterized in that: first section (8) is being arranged between remaining section (9) medially.
38. by each described calandria in the claim 20 to 37, it is characterized in that: this calandria is provided with a preferred radiation shield (12) that is made of the aluminium of multilayer in the locular wall side.
39. single-row or multiple row formula electric heating body, preferred flat calandria or heated wall, it comprises section (8,9) and an adjusting device that at least two quilts differently design, these sections are respectively equipped with a plurality of heating element heater (R1...Rn, r1...rm), it is characterized in that: this adjusting device is designed like this, the heat that makes the resistance of these sections irrespectively to be conditioned each other respectively and when low heating power this first section input is Duoed than all the other sections at least.
40. by the described calandria of claim 39, it is for single-column type and comprise two sections altogether, it is characterized in that: this first section (8) is arranged on second section (9) top.
41. by the described calandria of claim 39, it is the multiple row formula, it is characterized in that: this first section (8) is preferably towards waiting setting with heating the chamber and being arranged on remaining section (9) before.
42. by each described calandria in the claim 39 to 41, it is characterized in that: the all-in resistance of first section is littler than the all-in resistance separately of these all the other sections.
43. by each described calandria in the claim 39 to 42, it is characterized in that: first section (8) is provided with a self-interacting type or self-limited type resistance, preferably has the ferrite that embeds in the elastomer.
44. by each described calandria in the claim 39 to 43, it is characterized in that: these sections by contoured sheet material material, preferably by steel plate, under the situation that constitutes a plurality of flow channels (21,33), form or form by flat pipe, these pipes by the collection passage be connected to each other.
45. by the described calandria of claim 44, it is characterized in that: this calandria is configured with at least one cavity that is flow through by flow media, preferred water or paraffin.
46. by the described calandria of claim 45, it is characterized in that: these heating element heaters directly are presented in this or these flow cavity (21).
47. by each described calandria in the claim 39 to 46, it is characterized in that: these heating element heaters are presented in some metal linings and these metal linings are presented in these flow cavity (21).
48., it is characterized in that: between these half shells of a heating plate (1,1 ') or plate (20a, 20b), at least one escapement (19) is set by each described calandria in the claim 1 to 47.
49. by the described calandria of claim 48, it is characterized in that: described escapement (19) one of at least has at least one flow channel (19b), and this flow channel causes that in a predetermined manner the orientation of heat medium imports.
50. by claim 48 or 49 described calandrias, it is characterized in that: this escapement (19) comprises mechanism (19b, 19c), so that reach a predetermined orientation in the time of between half shell of this escapement being put into heating plate or plate, these half shells or plate comprise a pipeline (VL).
51. by the described calandria of claim 50, it is characterized in that: these attitude reference devices (19b) comprise described at least one flow channel (19b) or are made of this at least one flow channel.
52. by claim 50 or 51 described calandrias, it is characterized in that: these attitude reference devices (19b) have an outline, this outline adapts to the profile (21,22a, 22b) between described half shell or plate at least approx, so that auxiliary or cause orientation.
53. by each described calandria in the claim 48 to 52, it is characterized in that: in escapement (19), be provided with profiled member (19.1-19.3), by described profiled member can on purpose influence gaseous state and liquid medium these calandria plates (1,1 ', flowing between 1 ").
54. by the described calandria of claim 53, it is characterized in that: described profiled member (19.1) fully seal described be arranged on the opening (19a) in the escapement (19) and stop gaseous state and liquid medium these calandria plates (1,1 ', flowing between 1 ").
55. by the described calandria of claim 53, it is characterized in that: described profiled member (19.2) has an opening (19.2a), this opening to a great extent corresponding to described be arranged on opening (19a) in the escapement (19) and this opening allow described gaseous state and liquid medium be directed to with being diverted these calandria plates (1,1 ', in 1 ") one.
56. by the described calandria of claim 53, it is characterized in that: an opening (19.3a) is set in profiled member (19.3), this opening allow gaseous medium these calandria plates (1,1 ', exchange between 1 "), but stop liquid medium these calandria plates (1,1 ', percolation between 1 ").
57., it is characterized in that by each described calandria in the claim 53 to 56: these profiled members (19.1-19.3) but shape is sealed and/or force closure be arranged in the opening (19a) of escapement (19).
58. by each described calandria in the claim 53 to 57, it is characterized in that: these profiled members (19.1-19.3) are made of metal, plastics or pottery.
59., it is characterized in that by each described calandria in the claim 53 to 58: these profiled members (19.1-19.3) on its external dimensions corresponding to the profile of the opening (19a) of escapement (19) and make being tightly connected on the junction become possibility.
60. a method that is used for making particularly by each described calandria of claim 1 to 59, wherein

At least two half shell or plates of being made by the material of plastically deformable are set, and particularly one or more plate is right,

The plate that these can be assembled in couples be provided with one of at least a guide structure that is used to guide heat medium,

These plates are assembled, wherein, some are installed on the predetermined position between these plates have the escapement of at least one flow channel,

It is characterized in that: use escapement, be used for producing the orientation importing of heat medium to calandria with predetermined orientation.
61. by the described method of claim 60, it is characterized in that: these escapements are provided with attitude reference device, so that produce its orientation.
62. method that is used for making particularly by each described calandria of claim 1 to 59, wherein, at least one heating plate that is combined into by flat pipe is provided with a guide structure that is used to guide heat medium, it is characterized in that: this guide structure is used for producing the orientation importing of heat medium to each section of described one or more heating plate.