CN101351602B - 用于吊顶的网格t形件 - Google Patents

用于吊顶的网格t形件 Download PDF

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CN101351602B
CN101351602B CN200680050204XA CN200680050204A CN101351602B CN 101351602 B CN101351602 B CN 101351602B CN 200680050204X A CN200680050204X A CN 200680050204XA CN 200680050204 A CN200680050204 A CN 200680050204A CN 101351602 B CN101351602 B CN 101351602B
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小詹姆斯·J·勒汉
佩德·J·古尔布兰森
马丁·E·利科扎尔
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
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    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract

一种用于网格型吊顶的辊轧成形的金属板T形件，其具有与杆一体形成的凸缘面，且杆的层被固定在一起以得到改善的抗扭刚度。杆的上部区域可让它的层中的一个或多个发生折叠以增加悬挂线的断裂强度。加强球扁管位于悬挂线接收孔下方，以使穿过T形件的悬挂线环具有较窄的轮廓，从而避免在吊顶的安装和移除过程中与吊顶发生干涉。

Description

用于吊顶的网格T形件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吊顶系统，更特别地，涉及一种改进的网格T形件。
背景技术
广泛用于商业建筑中的吊顶典型地采用一种支撑嵌入式顶棚镶板或瓦片的矩形网格系统。这种网格由以直角相交的规则间隔的滑架构成。这些滑架通常为倒置的T形件的形式。这些T形件一般用线材悬挂起来，且顶棚镶板或瓦片搁放在这些T形件的凸缘上。
在吊顶生产工业中，网格T形件的设计和制造已经得到了高度改良。在改进方面的不断努力已经使得这些吊顶系统在建筑业中得到广泛接收。但是，在网格系统的性能改进及其成本的降低上仍然存在挑战。
发明内容
本发明提供一种改良的用于吊顶的网格T形件，其与现有技术相比，这样的网格T形件能以成本较低的材料生产且能够获得更大的强度和刚度。本发明利用其自身折叠的单个金属条，其使用方式使得即使金属含量降低，也能使抗弯强度和抗扭刚度以及悬挂线断裂强度变大。金属条的折叠的横截面有利地采用T形件的可见面作为主结构构件，因此该可见面用来增加刚度。将可见面材料用作结构构件是特别有利的，因为可见面材料所处的位置使得它因有利于极惯性矩而具有最大的益处。折叠金属条的纵向边缘被折叠而彼此接触且在侧向和纵向方向上被锁在一起，从而显著增加T形件的抗扭刚度。
倒置的T形件截面的顶部处的多个片材层允许将悬挂线穿过该区域而不存在形成低断裂强度的危险。该多层顶部边缘位于侧向延伸的加强球扁管的上方。这种几何结构使得不必用悬挂线环缠绕该球扁管本身。因此，悬挂线环的宽度可以比球扁管的宽度小。从而能够轻松快速地安装和移除吊顶瓦片，而不存在因与尺寸过大的悬挂线环发生干涉而导致的损坏或困难。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明构造的网格T形件的透视图；
图2是网格T形件的放大横截面图；
图3是网格T形件的上部的一部分的放大正视图；
图4是沿图3中指出的平面4-4所取得的网格T形件的上部的横截面视图，其示出了将网格T形件的层锁到一起的一种方式；
图5是与图4类似的视图，其给出了将网格T形件的上部的层锁到一起的方式的另一个实例；
图6是根据本发明的另一个实施例的网格T形件的一部分的透视图；
图7是沿图6中指出的平面7-7所取得的网格T形件的横截面视图；
图8是改进的网格T形件的横截面视图；
图9是另一种改进的网格T形件的横截面视图；
图10是又一种改进的网格T形件的横截面视图；以及
图11是再一种改进的网格T形件的横截面视图。
具体实施方式
网格T形件10优选地由一片金属条形成，所述金属条可以被镀锌或以其他方式进行处理以抗腐蚀。优选地，采用本领域技术人员公知的辊轧成形技术将T形件10制成具有例如图2所示的横截面。优选地，在金属条形成为T形截面之前，要对金属条11的中心部分12上漆。上了漆的中心部分12形成可见面13。在可见面13的两个相对边往回折叠这片金属条11以形成双层凸缘14，所述凸缘14在中心板或杆16的两个相对侧沿侧向延伸。凸缘14的内层17从凸缘的外侧端延伸到中心的虚平面18，且优选地基本在其整个宽度上邻接外层或中心部分12。凸缘14的内层17在虚平面18处相交，而在虚平面18处，这片金属条以直角发生弯曲从而将板16形成为双层19、20。在凸缘14上方的一定距离(其优选地大于板16的总高度的大约一半)处，板层19、20分别形成在内侧面上开口的槽21。在理想的情况下，槽21是关于中心虚平面18对称设置且配合形成中空的强化球扁管(bulb)22的另一个槽的镜像。所示的球扁管22的横截面大体为圆形，但是可以具有其他形状，诸如矩形。
在板16的位于球扁管22上方的上部24处，两个板层19、20在中心虚平面18处或靠近中心虚平面18抵接一段竖直距离，在示出的例子中，这段竖直距离约等于球扁管22的竖直长度。板16一侧的层20要比另一侧的层19宽一些，使得额外宽出的部分26能够被折叠在另一层19上。因此，板16的上边缘包括三层片料。板16的上边缘部分24处的层19、20和26通过用合适的冲床刺穿这些层的材料的锯齿状突舌31(lanced tab)被相互固定在一起。各锯齿状突舌31能够被弯曲以使它变短，然后一部分被放回到板16的平面中但不与其原来的层对齐，因此，它锁住相邻层的边缘，从而阻止此相邻层沿T形件的纵向方向发生相对运动以及在任何其他方向上发生相对运动。如图4所示，在示出的实例中，锯齿状突舌31为4个一组，右边的一对移动到图3的附图平面上方。类似地，左边的一对在附图平面的下方隔开。
一般而言，板16的下部形成有对准穿过层19、20的纵向隔开的切口36，用于接收传统的十字T形件(cross tee)的端连接件。沿着T形件10的长度方向间隔地在板16的上部24上冲出或以别的方式形成孔或开口37。这些孔37被用于利用线材悬挂T形件10和最终支撑在T形件上的吊顶瓦片，如图2中所示那样。所公开的结构(其中悬挂线38被组装穿过位于强化或加强球扁管22上方的板16的平坦、竖直的抵接的多个层19、20、26)允许围绕板上部24的线环39的轮廓或范围相对较窄，且在与T形件纵向方向垂直的平面上的宽度小于球扁管22的宽度。这在安装和移除吊顶瓦片的时候是特别有利的，因为线环39与瓦片之间的干扰得到了有效地消除，且有效地避免了损坏瓦片的危险。这个特征能够减少吊顶系统的总的安装时间和成本。
除了锯齿状突舌31以外，还可以使用不同的方法来将位于板16的上部区域24处的片状金属层19、20和26锁在一起，以使得在这些层之间不会发生纵向的相对滑动。图5示出了用于将层19、20和26锁在一起的另一种替换方式。孔41贯穿层19、20和26，且其中一个层19的材料形成为一体的铆钉或孔眼42。孔41可被用于通过用悬挂线38穿过该孔将网格T形件悬挂起来。或者，可以通过其他方法，诸如利用单独的紧固件、焊接和/或黏合剂等，来固定上部区域或上部24的层19、20和26，以阻止它们发生相对运动。与这些层是自由的以相对彼此滑动的情况相比，通过将杆或板16的这些层固定在一起，增加了T形件或网格构件的抗扭刚度。
图6和7示出了根据本发明构造的网格T形件50的第二实施例。优选地，T形件由单个金属条51形成，该金属条一侧的中心区域涂有油漆以完成暴露层53的正面52。理想地，金属条在上漆之前要镀锌或以其他方式进行加工以避免发生腐蚀。优选地，采用辊轧成形技术来成型金属条51，并将其自身往回折叠以形成下凸缘56的相对的两个部分54。理想地，内凸缘层57在大致整个宽度上抵接正面层53，其中内凸缘层的整个宽度小于正面层宽度的一半。在内凸缘层57的内缘处，T形件的片材竖直地向上弯曲以形成中空球扁管59的各个侧面58，所述中空球扁管形成板或杆61的下部。在球扁管59的顶部，片材或金属条51的层转向中心的虚平面62，然后在中心平面处折叠或向上弯曲，以使金属条51的部分63形成板61的上部区域65。板上部的层63通过每个由层63的材料形成的铆钉或孔眼60固定在一起，所述铆钉或孔眼60通过另一层上的孔、然后将其翻倒或敲弯以形成另一层的外侧上的凸缘64。必要时，板61的上部区域65可以被构造成与图2中示出的T形件10的类似区域24一样，从而在板的这个区域上包括有三个层。如图6和7所示那样，可以让悬挂线38穿过铆钉60的选定孔或开口66，并围绕板的上部区域的一部分打成圈。与网格T形件10一样，板61的上部区域65可以用其他替换或补充技术(诸如铆接、使用单独的紧固件、焊接和/或黏合剂等)将它的多个层锁在一起。沿着T形件50的长度方向，在规则间隔(诸如每隔6英寸)的中心处，中空球扁管59的侧面58发生局部变形，形成具有足够深度的椭圆形或长方形凹部71以使各侧面58的片材抵接。凹部71的高度足以在侧面58的各层中形成竖直切口72，用于接收十字T形件的端连接件。凹部71的高度和宽度足以接收端连接件和允许它穿过各个切口72。在形成于板的上部区域中的孔中，有一部分能够被敲弯成孔眼的形式。
T形件10和50的端部可以配有标准连接件；典型地，通过将壁或侧面58挤压在一起，将T形件50的端部弄平以接纳标准连接件。
图8-11示出了T形件构造的额外的替换实施例。在图8中，以上述方式形成的金属片的T形件75具有凸缘76和杆77，杆77包括中空球扁管部分78和上部79，所述上部79由单个的金属条形成。如前所述那样，金属条自身在凸缘上折叠，杆区域远离中空球扁管78。用独立成形的倒置的U形金属槽81将杆的上部区域或部分79夹在中间。可以用金属条经辊轧成形得到槽81。杆的上部79和槽81的层通过上述T形件的方法中的任何一种方法被固定在一起。
图9中描绘的T形件85的构造与图8的T形件75类似，且用相同的数字标注某些部分。杆的上部79用中间条状物86来加强它的层，所述中间条状物86优选地由合适的金属制成，诸如钢。与前面一样，采用上述技术之一来将杆79的上部与条状物86的抵接层锁在一起。
图10示出了一种挤制的T形件90，其具有凸缘91和杆92。杆92包括中空的球扁管93。T形件90可以由铝或其他合适金属或塑料制成。
图11示出了另一种T形件95，其由辊轧成形的金属薄板形成，与先前描述的由金属条制成的T形件类似。T形件95包括主体条96和帽材97。主体条96形成凸缘98的上层或内层以及杆99。帽材97形成凸缘98的覆盖层或外面层，且包括朝里的摺边101，摺边101将主条96上的帽材97和杆99的邻近区域锁在一起。杆99包括中空的球扁管102和上部103。
在图8-11的各种结构中，沿着T形件的长度方向，在杆的上部和任何相关联的结构中间隔地设有孔106。悬挂线38可穿过T形件的杆或板的位于中空球扁管上方的上部中的这种孔106打成圈。这种特征，如图1-7的结构中的特征那样，允许线环39的宽度至少与各球扁管的宽度一样小，从而避免与吊顶瓦片的安装或移除发生干涉。
虽然已经参考本发明的特定实施例示出和描述了本发明，但是这只是出于说明的目的而不是为了对本发明进行限制，且对于本领域技术人员而言，这些特定实施例的其他变型和改进将显然落在本发明所期望的精神和范围内。例如，可以通过进行额外的折叠使板的上缘区域形成有多于3个的金属板层。因此，本专利不应被限制在本文中示出和描述的特定实施例的范围和效果中，也不应受到与通过本发明实现的本领域进展程度不一致的其他方式的限制。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于吊顶的辊轧成形的网格构件，其由单个金属条制成，
所述网格构件大致关于竖直的中心虚平面对称，并且其横截面包括：在中心虚平面两侧沿侧向延伸的水平下凸缘，该下凸缘由在所述金属条侧向末端处往回折叠得到的两层金属条构成；由两层所述金属条形成的大致竖直的杆，在所述中心虚平面的两侧各有一个杆形成层，所述杆形成层被固定在一起以防止在它们之间发生纵向的相对滑动，因此，与所述杆形成层彼此相对滑动的情况相比，增加了该网格构件的抗扭刚度；
所述杆形成层在一区域中抵接接触；在所述接触区域下方的区域中，所述杆形成层被分开以形成强化的球扁管；
所述杆形成层的所述接触区域至少在所述网格构件的顶部上。
2.如权利要求1所述的网格构件，其中：所述接触区域位于其中所述杆形成层基本上沿侧向分开的任何区域的上方。
3.如权利要求2所述的网格构件，其中：所述接触区域中的所述杆形成层形成有接收上方悬挂线的开口。
4.如权利要求2所述的网格构件，其中：所述杆形成层中的一个杆形成层在所述接触区域处折叠以在所述接触区域处形成第三层。
5.如权利要求4所述的网格构件，其中：所述一个杆形成层折叠到所述杆形成层中的另一独立杆形成层的上面。
6.如权利要求4所述的网格构件，其中：所述接触区域处的所有所述杆形成层都形成有接收上方悬挂线的开口。
7.如权利要求2所述的网格构件，其中：所述杆形成层在从所述凸缘竖直延伸至所述接触区域的区域中分开以形成强化的球扁管。
8.如权利要求7所述的网格构件，其中：形成所述强化球扁管的所述杆形成层在规则间隔的位置上形成有彼此邻接接触的侧向向内的凹部，所述层在所述凹部处具有对准的切口以接收十字T形件的连接件。
9.一种用于吊顶的辊轧成形的网格构件，其由金属条制成，所述网格构件大致关于一竖直中心虚平面对称，其横截面包括：在中心虚平面两侧沿侧向延伸的水平下凸缘，该下凸缘由所述金属条形成；由两层所述金属条形成的大致竖直的杆，在所述中心虚平面的两侧各有一个杆形成层，所述杆形成层在所述下凸缘的上方分开以形成强化的球扁管，所述杆形成层在所述强化球扁管上方的区域中邻接接触；以及在所述接触区域上的所述杆形成层中沿纵向隔开的对准的开口，该开口用于接收由悬挂线形成的环。
10.如权利要求9所述的辊轧成形的网格构件，其中：所述接触区域中的所述杆形成层之一折叠以在所述接触区域中形成另外的层。
11.如权利要求9所述的辊轧成形的网格构件，其中：形成所述强化的球扁管的所述杆形成层在纵向隔开的位置上具有凹部，在所述凹部处，所述杆形成层邻接接触且形成有对准的切口，所述切口用于接收十字T形件的连接件。
12.一种用于吊顶的网格构件，包括大致关于竖直的中心虚平面对称的主体，该网格构件的横截面包括：在中心虚平面两侧沿侧向延伸的水平下凸缘和在所述水平下凸缘上方竖直延伸的杆，所述杆包括中空球扁管部分和位于球扁管上方的上部，所述上部基本上没有空气空间因此它在侧向方向上要比所述球扁管薄，所述上部具有沿纵向隔开的用于接收悬挂线的孔，杆的上部与杆的中空部分之间的宽度差使得通过让悬挂线穿过上部中的孔形成的悬挂线环基本上比穿过或围绕所述球扁管部分的悬挂线环要窄。
CN200680050204XA 2005-11-21 2006-10-10 用于吊顶的网格t形件 Expired - Fee Related CN101351602B (zh)

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US11/283,619 US7516585B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2005-11-21 Grid tee for suspension ceiling
US11/283,619 2005-11-21
PCT/US2006/039639 WO2007061524A2 (en) 2005-11-21 2006-10-10 Grid tee for suspension ceiling

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EP1951966A2 (en) 2008-08-06
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AU2006317658A1 (en) 2007-05-31
US20070125038A1 (en) 2007-06-07
US7516585B2 (en) 2009-04-14
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US20080134611A1 (en) 2008-06-12
US8266860B2 (en) 2012-09-18
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US7832168B2 (en) 2010-11-16
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CA2630383A1 (en) 2007-05-31
CA2630383C (en) 2015-06-30
WO2007061524A3 (en) 2007-11-22
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CN101351602A (zh) 2009-01-21
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