CN101346171B - 具有改善的抗热震性的蜂窝式过滤元件和相应的碳烟滤清器 - Google Patents

具有改善的抗热震性的蜂窝式过滤元件和相应的碳烟滤清器 Download PDF

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CN101346171B
CN101346171B CN2006800348738A CN200680034873A CN101346171B CN 101346171 B CN101346171 B CN 101346171B CN 2006800348738 A CN2006800348738 A CN 2006800348738A CN 200680034873 A CN200680034873 A CN 200680034873A CN 101346171 B CN101346171 B CN 101346171B
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filter element
filter
blind vias
longitudinal axis
soot
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CN101346171A (zh
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B·赖因施
T·古渡
L·蒂纳
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2459—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the plugs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2486—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure characterised by the shapes or configurations
    • B01D46/2496—Circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种过滤元件(9)和一种碳烟滤清器，其中，在该过滤元件(9)的横截面上的温度分布可被以第一近似保持恒定，其方式是，在外部设置在该过滤元件(9)上的盲通道(27)在两个端部上被封闭。在一个优选的实施形式中，在盲通道(27)的最内设置的层之内设置一层排出通道(23)。

Description

具有改善的抗热震性的蜂窝式过滤元件和相应的碳烟滤清器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的用于净化内燃机的废气的过滤元件和一种按权利要求6所述的具有一个过滤元件的碳烟滤清器。这种过滤元件例如作为柴油内燃机的碳烟滤清器使用。 
背景技术
过滤元件通常由陶瓷材料制成并且具有多个彼此平行地延伸的进入通道和排出通道。 
过滤元件由陶瓷材料通过挤出成型制成。这意味着，过滤元件的坯料是具有多个彼此平行延伸的通道的棱柱形的体。坯料的通道首先在两个端部上是敞开的。 
为了使待净化的废气流经滤清器的壁，所述通道的一部分在过滤元件的后端部上封闭，而所述通道的另一部分在过滤元件的前端部上封闭。由此形成两组通道，即所谓的进入通道和所谓的排出通道，该进入通道在后端部上封闭，而排出通道在过滤元件的开始处封闭。 
在进入通道与排出通道之间仅仅在过滤元件的多细孔的壁上方具有一个流动连接，使得废气仅能穿流该过滤元件，其方式是该废气从进入通道穿过过滤元件的壁流入到排出通道中。 
为了保证过滤元件的尽可能高效的运行，在内燃机运行期间在过滤元件的横截面上力求尽可能均匀的温度分布。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提出一种碳烟滤清器的过滤元件和一种碳烟滤清器，其中，改善了过滤元件的横截面上的温度分布并且由此改善了装备有本发明的过滤元件的碳烟滤清器的运行特性并且延长了其寿命。 
根据本发明，该目的通过一种用于过滤碳烟、特别是用于过滤柴油内燃机的废气的过滤元件来解决，其包括一个平行于废气的主流动方向延伸的纵轴线，包括多个平行于该纵轴线延伸的进入通道并且包括多个平行于该纵轴线延伸的排出通道，其中，这些进入通道在该过滤元件的一个进入面上开始并且在该过滤元件的一个排出面上封闭，并且这些排出通道在该进入面上封闭并且在该排出面上终止，其特征在于：在外部设置在该过滤元件上的通道在两个端部上被封闭。 
通过根据本发明的、位于过滤元件的外表面上的、在两个端部上封闭的盲通道可以改善本发明的过滤元件内部的温度分布。因为在两侧上被封闭，所以这些过滤元件不被废气穿流。在这些通道的内部具有空气，该空气用于绝热。由此，过滤元件在其圆柱形或棱柱形的外表面上的排热被大大降低。由此在过滤元件的圆周上的温度降也大大降低，由此改善了过滤元件内部的温度分布。此外，也缩短了本发明的过滤元件的加热时间。 
已经被证实有利的是，在外部在过滤元件上设置至多五层、优选至多三层盲通道。由此进一步降低向外的排热并且进一步均匀化温度曲线。 
为了进一步改善温度分布，进一步提出，在盲通道的这个或这些层之内设置一层排出通道。 
在本发明的另一有利的构型中提出，两个邻近的通道之间的径向壁彼此错位地布置。由此，本发明的过滤元件在径向上更灵活或者说沿径向的热应力被降低。这改善了本发明的过滤元件针对快速温度交变的耐久性，该快速温度交变在其它情况下可能导致断裂并且从而可导致过滤元件的失效。 
另外，被证实有利的是，过滤元件相对于其纵轴线旋转对称或者中心对称。 
本文开头所述的优点也可以利用一种碳烟滤清器通过以下方式解决，即，使用一个本发明的过滤元件，该碳烟滤清器包括一个过滤元件，包括一个壳体，包括一个输入道，包括一个输出道，包括一个将该输入道与该壳体连接起来的扩压器并且包括一个将该壳体与该输出道连接起来的锥体。 
本发明的优点和其它构型可以从下面的附图、附图说明和权利要求中得出。在附图、附图说明和权利要求中描述的所有优点不仅单个地而且彼此组合地对于本发明来说都是重要的。 
附图说明
图中： 
图1以侧视图示出一个具有本发明的过滤元件的碳烟滤清器， 
图2以前视图示出一个本发明的过滤元件。 
具体实施方式
图1以部分剖视的侧视图示出一个碳烟滤清器1，其包括一个输入道3、一个扩压器5、一个壳体7和一个本发明的过滤元件9。 
该碳烟滤清器1被沿着箭头11的方向穿流。在壳体7上连接着一个锥体13和一个输出道15。过滤元件9与该壳体气密地连接，使得通过输入道3流入的废气(未示出)必须流过过滤元件9。 
过滤元件9具有一个进入面17和一个排出面19。该过滤元件19被多个通道穿过，这些通道从进入面17一直延伸到排出面19。 
为了使排气必须穿流过滤元件9的壁(没有参考标号)，进入通道21在进入面17上敞开并且在排出面19上封闭。所谓的排出通道23在进入面17上封闭并且在排出面19上敞开。进入通道21和排出通道23的封闭部分在图1中作为没有参考标号的黑色面示出。 
在图1中以部分剖视图示出的每个进入通道21的样本以本身公知的方式在过滤元件的整个横截面积上延伸，该进入通道与排出通道23交替。 
图2示出一个本发明的过滤元件9的实施例的横截面图。 
在图2中示出的实施例具有圆形横截面并且相对于纵轴线25中心对称。在阴影地示出的面的内部，进入通道21和排出通道23(参见图1)交替地以由现有技术公知的方式设置在过滤元件9的内部。为了清楚起见，所有的通道21和23在图2中都没有示出。 
在按照图2的实施例中，在过滤元件9的外径上设有一层盲通道27。同样为了清楚起见仅仅举例性地示出几个盲通道27，确切地说在第一象限的大约90°的圆周角上。但是显而易见，在其他象限中同样设有盲通道27。 
这层盲通道27用于相对于周围环境绝热，因为空气是不良的导热体。通过在过滤元件9的圆周上存在的由盲通道27构成的外套使得向外的排热被降低并且导致过滤元件9的外部区域中的温度升高。这将在过滤元件9的横截面上导致已经描述过温度分布的均匀化。 
也可以设置多个彼此同心地布置的盲通道27层(未示出)，以便进一步改善绝热并且由此也进一步改善过滤元件9内部的温度分布。 
在图2所示的实施例中，在盲通道27的层与阴影面之间设有一层排出通道23。由此在本发明的过滤元件9的运行特性和寿命方面得到进一步的优点。 
这些盲通道27可以具有与进入通道21或排出通道23不同的横截面。但是，如果这些通道21、23、27都具有相同的横截面也可以是有利的。 
显而易见，各个进入通道21、排出通道23和/或盲通道27的根据本发明的布置不被限制在圆柱形的过滤元件9上，而是例如也可以转用到具有正方形或矩形横截面的过滤元件9上。因此这些进入通道21、排出通道23和/或盲通道27例如可以具有六角形或十字形形状。 

Claims (7)

1.一种用于过滤碳烟过滤元件，其包括一个平行于废气的主流动方向延伸的纵轴线(25)，包括多个平行于该纵轴线(25)延伸的进入通道(21)并且包括多个平行于该纵轴线(25)延伸的排出通道(23)，其中，这些进入通道(21)在该过滤元件(9)的一个进入面(17)上开始并且在该过滤元件(9)的一个排出面(19)上封闭，并且这些排出通道(23)在该进入面(17)上封闭并且在该排出面(19)上终止，其特征在于：在外部设置在该过滤元件(9)上的盲通道(27)在两个端部上被封闭，在盲通道(27)的最内设置的层之内设置一层排出通道(23)。
2.按权利要求1所述的过滤元件，其特征在于：在该过滤元件(9)的外径上设置至多五层两侧封闭的盲通道(27)。
3.按上述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤元件，其特征在于：两个邻近的进入通道/排出通道(21，23)和/或盲通道(27)之间的径向延伸的壁彼此错位地设置。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的过滤元件，其特征在于：该过滤元件(9)相对于其纵轴线(25)旋转对称或者中心对称。
5.按权利要求1所述的过滤元件，其特征在于：该过滤元件用于过滤柴油内燃机的废气。
6.按权利要求2所述的过滤元件，其特征在于：在该过滤元件(9)的外径上设置一至三层两侧封闭的盲通道(27)。
7.一种碳烟滤清器，其包括一个过滤元件(9)，包括一个壳体(7)，包括一个输入道(3)，包括一个输出道，包括一个将该输入道(3)与该壳体(7)连接起来的扩压器(5)并且包括一个将该壳体(7)与该输出道连接起来的锥体(13)，其特征在于：该过滤元件是按上述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤元件(9)。
CN2006800348738A 2005-09-21 2006-09-07 具有改善的抗热震性的蜂窝式过滤元件和相应的碳烟滤清器 Expired - Fee Related CN101346171B (zh)

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DE102005045015.6 2005-09-21
DE102005045015A DE102005045015A1 (de) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Filterelement und Rußfilter mit verbesserter Thermoschockbeständigkeit
PCT/EP2006/066105 WO2007033908A2 (de) 2005-09-21 2006-09-07 Wabenkörperfilterelement und entsprechender russfilter mit verbesserter thermoschockbeständigkeit

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EP1928576B1 (de) 2011-01-19
WO2007033908A2 (de) 2007-03-29
US20090217633A1 (en) 2009-09-03
DE502006008775D1 (de) 2011-03-03
WO2007033908A3 (de) 2008-06-26
EP1928576A2 (de) 2008-06-11
US8506663B2 (en) 2013-08-13
DE102005045015A1 (de) 2007-03-29
JP2009508682A (ja) 2009-03-05
JP5065278B2 (ja) 2012-10-31
ATE495810T1 (de) 2011-02-15
CN101346171A (zh) 2009-01-14

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