CN101341926A - Plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101341926A CN101341926A CNA2008100459089A CN200810045908A CN101341926A CN 101341926 A CN101341926 A CN 101341926A CN A2008100459089 A CNA2008100459089 A CN A2008100459089A CN 200810045908 A CN200810045908 A CN 200810045908A CN 101341926 A CN101341926 A CN 101341926A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses plants originated disease resistant growth promoting feed additive and a preparation method thereof. The plants originated disease resistant growth promoting feed additive comprises components of the following weight portions: 0 portion to 30 portions of flavone, 0 portion to 20 portions of saponin and 20 portions to 90 portions of defatted rice bran. The plants originated disease resistant growth promoting feed additive of the invention can partially or fully replace all types of antibiotics in the feed, reduce the animal death rate by 5 percent to 20 percent in poultry and livestock feeding, increase the food consumption by 3 percent to 10 percent and the weight by 3 percent to 12 percent; compared with the prior disease resistant growth promoting additive, the plants originated disease resistant growth promoting feed additive of the invention has obviously better effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of livestock and poultry and use feed and preparation method thereof, specifically a kind of plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the last hundred years, various diseases is the key issue of puzzlement animal husbandry development always, since the middle of last century, be prevent disease, make domestic animal, the faster and better growth of poultry, people are used for animal husbandry production with a large amount of antibiotic or antibiotic accessory substance, have promoted the develop rapidly of animal husbandry at certain historical time, but because antibiotic extensive use, its negative effect that brings also comes out gradually.As since the human antibiotic in the extensive application of animal husbandry, make and exist antibiotic medicine residual in the animal body, after people eat these meat products, human body is increased these antibiotic drug resistances, this invalid or using dosage that many antibiotic that used at human body are in the past become now doubles, and penicillin is exactly a typical example, and penicillin is when initial application, an adult once only needs intramuscular injection 500,000 units, is 5,000,000 units now at least.And because the residual causing death's of " clenbuterol hydrochloride " incident is of common occurrence especially.
So recent two decades comes, international community to antibiotic the application in animal husbandry hold a attitude of criticism, from the eighties of last century the eighties, Sweden at first forbids adding any antibiotic in feed, obtained good effect, Sweden is also imitateed by EU countries now, phases out the interpolation of antibiotic in feed.And other developed countries such as the U.S., Japanese immediately following thereafter only allow the antibiotic of several livestock and poultry special uses to add in feed, will completely forbid later on.And because all antibiotic all have incompatibility, their use needs stronger professional knowledge, and this has also limited the application of antibiotic in feed.
China is as developing country, also dressing to developed country recent years, the strict antibiotic that in animal husbandry, uses, and strict regulations the antibiotic kind that can in feed, use, dosage, off-drug period etc., and release the green feed notion, forbid in some hay varieties, adding the antibiotic of any kind.Under the influence of this overall situation, we make full use of the abundant condition of China's plant resources, and a kind of antibiotic plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive that is used to replace is provided just.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides and a kind ofly solves present disease-resistant growth-promoting additive and easily produce drug resistance, the problem that medicine is residual, incompatibility is arranged is arranged, and provides a kind of fully by the having no drug resistance of plant extract, plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive that no drug residue does not have incompatibility yet; And the preparation method of this plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive, its composition and parts by weight: flavones 0-30 part; Saponin 0-20 part; Defatted rice bran 20-90 part.
The preferred flavones 10-30 of said components part; Saponin 5-20 part; Defatted rice bran 25-85 part.
A kind of preparation method who prepares above-mentioned plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive, this preparation method by its proportion of composing proportioning, can be packaged as finished product after the mixing and stirring with each above-mentioned composition.
Saponin (saponins) claim saponin again, is extensively to be present in the special glucoside of a botanic class, can produce lasting saponiform foam after its aqueous solution jolting, thereby gain the name.Structure according to generating sapogenin after the saponin hydrolysis can be divided into triterpenoid saponin (triterpenoidal saponins) and steroid saponin (steroidal saponins) two big classes.That forms saponin sugared common has glucose, galactolipin, rhamnose, arabinose, wood sugar and glucuronic acid, a galacturonic acid etc., often and sapogenin C3 position-OH connects into glucoside.The saponin constituents can reduce surface tension of liquid and produce foam, so can be used as emulsifying agent.The mucous membrane that can stimulate digestion after for oral administration promotes the secretion of respiratory tract and alimentary canal muccus gland, reflectingly so the effect of tool expelling phlegm and arresting coughing is commonly used for expectorant as balloonflower root, polygala root, aster.Saponin tool in parasitic loranthus, the elder dispels the wind to wet and acts on.Strong, the effect of reinforcing vital energy of panaxoside tool, and the body of some pathological state played dual regulation or claim to adapt to the former state effect.Many saponins also have norcholesterol, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunological regulation, excitement or suppress nervous centralis, suppress gastric secretion, kill sperm, effect such as mollusk extremely.Some steroid saponin also has antitumor, antimycotic, antibacterial and the norcholesterol effect, is used as the raw material of synthesizing steroid hormone in a large number.Saponin mostly is white or milky amorphous powder greatly, bitter and pungent, and the tool hygroscopicity can stimulating mucosal and cause sneeze, does not have tangible fusing point.Water soluble is soluble in hot water, hot methanol, hot ethanol, is insoluble to ether, organic solvent that the benzene isopolarity is little.Saponin is soluble in water saturated butanols or the amylalcohol, therefore often extracts with butanols or amylalcohol from the aqueous solution, so as to separating with hydrophilic compositions such as sugar, protein.Saponin is the crystalloid material through the sapogenin of enzyme or acid hydrolysis generation, dissolves in organic solvents such as acetone, ether, chloroform.The big multipotency of the saponin aqueous solution destroys red blood cell and haemocylolysis is arranged, and the medicine that therefore contains saponin can not intravenous injection, but oral toxicity is less, may be due to intestines and stomach are hydrolyzed.The haemocylolysis of saponin is relevant with the structure of the kind of haemocyte and saponin, and is bigger as the toxicity to cold-blooded animal, and the haemocylolysis of triterpenoid saponin is bigger than steroid saponin.The minimum hemolytic concentration of saponin is called haemolytic index (haemolytic index).Under identical conditions, the different different haemolytic indexs of saponin tool is 1: 400000 as Dioscin, and pariglin is 1: 250000.Utilize the haemolysis intensity that haemolytic index can the quantitative assessment saponin, also can record the content of saponin roughly.In addition, other saponins not only do not have haemocylolysis, and haemocyte cohesion effect is arranged, as ophiopagonin, panax japonicus saponin and panaxoside Rg 2 etc.The aqueous solution of saponin can produce precipitation with some metallic salts such as lead salt, barium salt, mantoquita etc.The aqueous solution of acid saponin adds ammonium sulfate, lead acetate or other neutral salt and promptly produces precipitation.The aqueous solution of neutral saponin then need add basic salt such as basic lead acetate or barium hydroxide etc. could produce precipitation.The extraction that can be used for saponin thus with separate.Steroid saponin can generate molecular complex with cholesterine and precipitate in ethanolic solution, when precipitation was used aether backflow, cholesterine dissolved in ether, and saponin is insoluble, thereby reaches the purpose of separation.The pharmacological action of saponin: 1. bidirectional modulation immunization; 2. anti-anoxic and antifatigue effect; 3. low-temperature resistance stress effect; 4. lipotropism matter oxidation; 5. to the effect of central nervous system; 6. anti-mutation effect; 7. kidney there is regulating action, kidney tonifying.
Often be connected with functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group, methoxyl group, methyl, isopentene group in a series of compound flavone compound structures that the phenyl ring (A-and B-encircle) that two of flavone compound general references have a phenolic hydroxyl group links mutually by central thricarbon atom.In addition, its also normal and sugar is combined into glycosides.Most scientists think that the basic framework of flavones is produced by three malonyl coenzyme As and the biosynthesis of a cinnamyl coacetylase.Experimental results show that through tagging the A ring comes from three malonyl coenzyme As, the B ring then comes from cinnamyl coacetylase [1].1, classification: according to the degree of oxidation of central three carbochains, whether B-ring link position (2-or 3-position) and three carbochains constitute characteristics such as ring-type, can be with main natural flavonoid compound classification: flavonoids (flavones), flavonols (flavonol), flavanone (flavonones), flavanone alcohols (flavanonol), anthocyan (anthocyanidins), flavane-3,4 glycols (flavan-3,4-diols), two benzene pyrrones (xanthones), 15 kinds of chalcone (chalcones) and bisflavones (biflavonoids) etc.In addition, also have the structure of some flavone compounds very complicated, comprising alkaloid type flavones such as banyan alkali and isoficines.2, physicochemical property: the natural flavone compounds is many to be existed with the glycoside form, and because kind, quantity, coupled position and the connecting mode difference of sugar can be formed various flavonoid glycoside.The carbohydrate of forming flavonoid glycoside comprises monose, disaccharide, trisaccharide and acidylate sugar.The flavonoid glycoside solid is an amorphous powder, and all the other flavone compounds mostly are crystalline solid.The different color of flavone compound has been added more multicolour for natural colouring matter family.This is owing to formation cross conjugation system in its parent nucleus, and shifts, resets by electronics, makes the conjugated chain prolongation, thereby shows color.In the solvent that flavonoid glycoside is generally soluble in water, ethanol, methyl alcohol rank character are strong; But be insoluble in or be insoluble in the organic solvents such as benzene, chloroform.The long more then water-soluble degree of sugar chain is big more.Flavone compound because of having phenolic hydroxyl group, so show acid more in the molecule.Acid power is different because of phenolic hydroxyl group number, position.3, colour developing: 1). hydrochloric acid-magnesium powder (or zinc powder) reaction is for identifying the most frequently used color reaction of flavone compound, and reaction mechanism is thought now because generated carbonium ion cause [1].2). tetrahydro boron sodium (NaBH4) is a kind of reducing agent higher to the flavanone kind composition specificity, produces red～purple.And all do not develop the color with other flavone compound.3). often contain following construction unit in the flavonoids chemical combination molecule, so reagent reactings such as Chang Keyu aluminium salt, lead salt, zirconates, magnesium salts, strontium salt, molysite generate colored complex.With 1% alchlor or aluminum nitrate solution reaction, the complex compound of generation mostly is yellow (λ max=415nm), and fluorescence is arranged, and can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis.4, flavones is to the benefit of health: flavones extensively exists in natural certain plants and the berry, the nearly kind more than 4,000 of sum, and its molecular structure is not quite similar, and all belongs to flavones as rutin sophorin, hesperidin, quercimentin, green tea polyphenols, pattern glucosides, pattern thuja acid etc.The flavones of different molecular structures can act on the different organ of health, as hawthorn--cardiovascular system, Lan Mei--eyes, tart fruit--urinary tract system, grape--lymph, liver, elder berry--immune system, at ordinary times we can be by many foods grape, onion, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L., drink red wine, drink mode such as green tea more and obtain flavones, replenish as a kind of of health.The effect of flavones is many-sided, it is a kind of very strong antioxidant, can effectively remove the oxygen radical in the body, overflow as the full stage that anthocyanidin, anthocyanidin can the oil-control peroxide, the ability of this prevention oxidation is more than ten times of vitamin E, this antioxidation can stop degeneration, the aging of cell, also can stop the generation of cancer.Flavones can improve blood circulation, can reduce cholesterol, and the flavones among the Xiang Tianguo also contains a kind of PAF anticoagulant factor, and these effects greatly reduce the incidence of disease of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, also can improve the symptom of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.The chromocor compound that is called as the pattern thuja acid is proved to be in zoopery and can reduces by 26% blood sugar and 39% ternary aliphatic propyl propionate, the effect of this reduction blood sugar is very magical, but the more important thing is it to stablizing the effect of collagen, so it there is good effect to retinopathy and capillary embrittlement that diabetes cause.Flavones can suppress oozing out of inflammatory biology enzyme, can promote wound healing and pain relieving, and quercimentin can be used for all kinds of allergies owing to have strong antihistaminicum.Discovering by Dutch expert's hosting: the experiment by 4807 participants shows, drinks the people of 375 milliliters of green tea every day, and its cardiopathic incidence rate is half of those people that do not have tea; The mortality heart disease incidence of disease has only 1/3rd.Wherein important reasons is exactly a flavones (" U.S.'s clinical nutriology " 2002.4.25) contained in the green tea.
The inventor concentrate on studies for many years always plant-derived noresidue, have no side effect, the antibiotic substitute of environmental protection, existing flavonoids and the saponins material of having extracted from tens of kinds of plants carries out rationally compositely, makes the plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive.Flavonoids and saponins material can pass through: 1) antagonistic bacterium exotoxin, and the degraded endotoxin, the protection body tissue is avoided toxic action; 2) formation of antibacterium hyaluronidase and inhibition coagulase stops pathogenic microorganism, toxin to spread in tissue, the prevention outbreaks of infection; 3) phagocytic function of promotion leucocyte and mononuclear macrophage improves lysozyme activity, helps the removing of pathogenic microorganism; 4) inducement interferon hinders the effect of aspects such as virus replication, can reach kill bacteria, and is antiviral, somatotrophic purpose.The inventor finds by practice, adds the partly or completely antibiotic in the substitute feed of an amount of plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive in feed, and reaches 1) effective antagonistic bacterium exotoxin, reduce the diarrhoea incidence, alleviate occurring degree; 2) make endotoxic chain coiling structural collapse be tabular or the short-movie shape, thereby lose activity, effectively protect body to avoid toxic action; 3) has the virulence that the antihyaluronidase effect can reduce bacterium; 4) suppress coagulase and form, increase quantity of leucocyte, promote the phagocytic function of leucocyte and mononuclear macrophage, make bacterium be able in vivo be eliminated; 5) activating T cell induces body to produce interferon, and irritation cell synthesizes antiviral protein, stops duplicating of virus, suppresses the propagation of virus.Thereby reach disease-resistant purpose, and can reduce antibiotic use amount, promote the sensitiveness of germ, weaken antibiotic ill-effect and drug resistance medicine, thus become excellent have no side effect, the plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive of noresidue.
To sum up, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, various antibiotic in the substitute feed partially or completely in poultry, cattle breeding, can make animal dead rate decline 5-20%, and feed intake increases 3-10%, and body weight gains increases 3-12%.
2, compare with the disease-resistant growth-promoting additive that prior art is used, effect is significantly improved.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1;
Take by weighing 25 kilograms of flavonoids plant extracts respectively; 10 kilograms of saponin class plant extracts; 65 kilograms of defatted rice brans.The mixing and stirring metering packing is finished product.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing 68 kilograms of defatted rice brans of 12 kilograms of saponin classes of 20 kilograms of flavonoids plant extracts plant extracts respectively.The mixing and stirring metering packing is finished product.
Experiment: HC15 is to the influence of meat chicken production performance
1 materials and methods
1.1 experimental design
The design of employing single factor experiment, test finishes since 1 age in days to 28 age in days.
1.2 test daily ration
The trophic level of control group daily ration is with reference to NRC standard preparation, and test group adds 100g/T HC15 (finished product of making by embodiment 1), does not add any antibiotic, and control group adds Bacitracin Zinc 50ppm/T+ colistin sulfate 10ppm.
1.3 experimental animal
Choose 1000 of 1 close aa broiler chicken of body weight, be divided into 2 processing at random, each handles 5 repetitions, and each repeats 100 chickens.
1.4 data statistics and analytical method
Add up the death rate, body weight and feedstuff-meat ratio weekly, utilize SPSS (13.0) that experimental data is carried out the T check.
2, experimental result and analysis
2.1 the results are shown in Table 1
Table 1 adds the influence of HC15 to the meat chicken production performance and the death rate
Annotate: show that through significance test of difference the equal difference of every index is not remarkable.
The result shows: add the HC15 group and compare with adding the antibiotic group, all can significantly reduce the death rate in the different stages, increase body weight gains, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio.
3, conclusion
In this experiment, add HC15 and can substitute antibiotic fully, and growth performance improves, HC15 is a kind of noresidue, outstanding effect plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive of excellence.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive is characterized in that, its composition and parts by weight are: flavones 0-30 part; Saponin 0-20 part; Defatted rice bran 20-90 part.
2, plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the composition of described each component and parts by weight are: flavones 10-30 part; Saponin 5-20 part; Defatted rice bran 25-85 part.
3, a kind of preparation method who prepares the described plant source disease-resistant growth-promoting feedstuff additive of claim 1 is characterized in that, this preparation method by its proportion of composing proportioning, can be packaged as finished product after the mixing and stirring with described each composition of claim 1.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102067942A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-25 | 孟州世博生物科技有限公司 | Disease-resisting and growth-promoting fecundin |
| CN102488094A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-13 | 郭军 | Metabolism bidirectional regulation disease-resistant growth-promoting synergic feed additive |
| CN104187196A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Nutritional feed for artificially breeding scorpions and preparation method of nutritional feed |
| CN104187193A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Fruit fly nutritious feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104187197A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Compound feed for loaches and ricefield eels |
| CN104187009A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Nutrition supplement additive for grubs |
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| CN104187192A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Whole-growth-period compound feed for bullfrogs and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102067942A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-25 | 孟州世博生物科技有限公司 | Disease-resisting and growth-promoting fecundin |
| CN102488094A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-13 | 郭军 | Metabolism bidirectional regulation disease-resistant growth-promoting synergic feed additive |
| CN102488094B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-04-24 | 郭军 | Metabolism bidirectional regulation disease-resistant growth-promoting synergic feed additive |
| CN104206696A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 张可池 | Ground beetle feed |
| CN104222661A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Nutrition-supplementing additive for predatory mite |
| CN104187197A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Compound feed for loaches and ricefield eels |
| CN104187009A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Nutrition supplement additive for grubs |
| CN104187191A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Earthworm feed additive |
| CN104187192A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Whole-growth-period compound feed for bullfrogs and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104187200A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Duck feed additive |
| CN104206695A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 张可池 | Mixed feed special for tachinid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104187196A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Nutritional feed for artificially breeding scorpions and preparation method of nutritional feed |
| CN104222659A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Coccinella septempunctata feed as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104187193A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-10 | 张可池 | Fruit fly nutritious feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104222658A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Nutritional feed for medicinal leeches and preparation method for nutritional feed |
| CN104222660A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Pig feed additive capable of improving immunity of pig |
| CN104256093A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 张可池 | Feed additive for ornamental insects such as crickets and grasshoppers |
| CN104256160A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 张可池 | Supplemental nutrient solution of police dogs |
| CN104256159A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 张可池 | Supplemental nutrient solution of rare butterfly adults |
| CN104322912A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-04 | 张可池 | Special formula feed for blattaria and preparation method thereof |
| CN104322910A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-04 | 张可池 | Apitherapy worker bee nutrient solution and application thereof |
| CN104206695B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-08-24 | 张可池 | A kind of tachinid special compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104187195B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-06-15 | 张可池 | A kind of additive of Mylabris phalarata adult man-made feeds |
| CN104839434A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-08-19 | 雷红 | Feed additive and preparation method thereof |
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