CN101337231B - Method for promoting lawn absorb heavy metal from consumer garbage compost and increasing photosynthesis amount cooperated with angleworm - Google Patents
Method for promoting lawn absorb heavy metal from consumer garbage compost and increasing photosynthesis amount cooperated with angleworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN101337231B CN101337231B CN2008100541115A CN200810054111A CN101337231B CN 101337231 B CN101337231 B CN 101337231B CN 2008100541115 A CN2008100541115 A CN 2008100541115A CN 200810054111 A CN200810054111 A CN 200810054111A CN 101337231 B CN101337231 B CN 101337231B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for restoring heavy metal from waste compost by an earthworm in synergism with turf grass, and enhancing photosynthetic amount. A container is provided with an air vent at the bottom, and lined with a layer of gauze; 2 to 4kg of municipal solid waste compost sieved through an over 20-mesh sieve is filled into the container, and 40 to 80 earthworms are also put into the container; 1.5 to 3g of turf grass is scattered on the surface of a compost substrate of the container, and grows at the indoor temperature of 15 to 21 DEG C and 34 to 30 percent of relative humidity; the appropriate amount of water is sprinkled for watering the turf grass every day, so as to maintain 60 to 65 percent of substrate water capacity; the turf grass is mowed 45 days later, so as to mensurate corresponding index content. The method can enhance the transfer of the heavy metal from the underground part of the turf grass to the ground part, thereby increasing the content of the chlorophyll of the turf grass and the photosynthetic amount; furthermore, the method is favorable for promoting the absorption and the concentration of the turf grass to the heavy metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the urban environmental protection technical field, relate to the collaborative turfgrass of earthworm and repair heavy metal from consumer garbage compost and the method that improves photosynthesis amount.
Background technology
At present, along with improving constantly of rapid development of economy and people's living standard, domestic waste is just with 8% speed increase.Rubbish has become the developing thorny problem of urban society, and it not only causes public hazards, and resource is caused huge waste society, environment.Along with people's environmental consciousness strengthens day by day, to deepening continuously of sustainable development understanding, urban garbage disposal should be walked resource, minimizing and innoxious road and be accepted by increasing people now.Chinese city domestic rubbish disposal problem is very urgent.Municipal refuse except that some article of simple recovery, how on the degree of depth of resource and range further deeply, be the focal issue that present people pay close attention to.
Composting process is to utilize the activity of microorganism that the perishable organic matter in the rubbish is decomposed, be transformed into and be rich in organic and nutrient and micro-organic fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, making rubbish realize that the back to nature circle ecosystem participates in the material circulation, is the important channel of the economical and effective processing and the municipal refuse of dissolving.Contain the organic matter and the mineral element that help the plant growth in a large number in the garbage compost, if can develop, can not only solve environmental problem, and can turn waste into wealth, increase new economic benefit.Contain a certain amount of different heavy metal and salinity in harmful substances, the especially garbage compost but still have in the compost, promptly have the problem of various heavy combined pollution.After consumer garbage compost is manured into soil, will cause that heavy metal-polluted soil and salt content increase, directly endanger the plant growth or become potential threat.The too much heavy metal of accumulation in case enter food chain or underground water, can also cause new environmental problem in the soil.
Heavy metal mainly contains copper, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel, mercury etc. in the compost.Studies show that use that the heavy metal accumulation is along with the increase of compost amount of application in the soil and green vegetables behind the compost, the content of beary metal in the green vegetables also is accumulation trend.The excessive green vegetables aerial part heavy metal concentration that makes of compost amount of application surpasses national standard.Therefore, in the reasonable application of compost, further strictness is controlled heavy metal and is accumulated in making object, especially controls edible part heavy metal concentration.So, take the whole bag of tricks to improve the quality of garbage compost, reduce the content of beary metal in the consumer garbage compost, producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life is repaired, have more important practical sense and test value fully.Though use the physicochemical property that garbage compost can improve soil, improve the yield and quality of agricultural product, improperly also can cause harmful effect if use to environment.The heavy metal problem is the topmost negative sense effect of garbage compost, and content of beary metal exceeds standard and limited it to a great extent and use, and how to reduce the toxic effect of heavy metal pollution, improves and improves the research focus that composting technology and compost quality have become garbage compost.In using the process of garbage compost, different soil is different to the maximum bearing capacity of garbage compost, the bearing capacity of yellowish soil is 225-900t/ha, moisture soil is 450t/ha, red soil is 900t/ha, when garbage compost amount of application during greater than above standard, owing to reasons such as heavy metal harm, to cause the amplification of crop and yield of vegetables to reduce (An Shengji etc., 2000).Pinamonti etc. (1997) have compared the influence to plant and heavy metal content in soil of cattle manure, mud and the david poplar bark hybrid composting of same amount and consumer garbage compost; Measurement result shows after 6 years, muck and mud and bark compost do not cause in the plant and the remarkable increase of heavy metal content in soil, and Zn in the soil that garbage compost is handled, Cu, the content that Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr total content and EDTA can extract attitude all significantly increases, and Pb in the plant and the also obviously increase of Cd content, illustrate that the chronic administration garbage compost can cause heavy metal pollution to environment.Vincent (1999) discovers that on the U.S. Calverton farm content of beary metal in the garbage compost is 3～20 times of farm soil, and (21～62t/ha) heavy metal in soil content significantly increase along with the increase of garbage compost sowing amount.Apply garbage compost 16 and measure heavy metal content in soil after 52 months respectively, the result shows Cu, Zn and Pb mainly are enriched in upper soll layer 0～5em scope, and the Cd of upper soll layer also continued after 52 months slowly to the migration of soil lower floor, so Cd has the greatest impact to soil environment.Bhattacharyya etc. (2005) think that garbage compost is a kind of of great value resource, if but long-term the use, must the periodic monitoring plant and soil in content of beary metal to avoid pollution.
Phytoremediation (Phytoremediation) is meant that the plant species that certain is specific is implanted on the soil of heavy metal pollution, and this kind plant has special absorption accumulation ability to the pollution element in the soil, this heavy metal species can be shifted out the soil body with the plant results and after dealing carefully with (reclaiming), reach the purpose of pollution control and restoration of the ecosystem as ashing.The phytoremediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil is accepted rapidly by the world today as a kind of green bio technology.The key constraints that influences the plant aspiration technique is the biological effectiveness of heavy metal-polluted soil and the ability (Caros et al., 2001) that heavy metal shifts to aerial part from plant roots.It is a very important restriction factor that the bioavailability of heavy metal hangs down in the process of plant absorbing heavy metal ion, especially in neutrality or basic soil.In a single day heavy metal enters soil, will change into the indissoluble attitude by physics, chemical processes such as precipitation, aging, obligate absorption, has reduced the biological effectiveness of heavy metal in soil.Therefore, the biological effectiveness of raising heavy metal in soil is crucial.
Earthworm is a kind of Lu Sheng annelid of commonly seeing, liking detritivorous organic waste becomes the biological organic fertilizer of high-quality, earthworm is a food with the animals and plants chip in the soil, through the underground drilling hole of being everlasting, turn over soil loosely, make moisture and fertilizer be easy to enter and improve the fertility of soil, help the growth of plant.Can make loosing soil, improve the soil, build up fertility, promote agricultural produce.Earthworm also can significantly increase in the soil full nitrogen and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content, and can improve urase in the soil, invertase and microbial activity, strengthens the fertilizer provision from soil performance.Earthworm has important depollution of environment effect in soil, utilize earthworm that the organic waste in the soil is carried out a biological disposal upon, and more and more is subjected to researcher's concern and attention.
Domestic waste quantity is big, and the composition complexity has harmfulness and availability simultaneously concurrently, containing the huge energy and economic worth. producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life is rich in organic and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, is the high-quality fertilizer material.Use garbage compost and can promote the plant growth, improve biomass.So, the research earthworm has great importance to the urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution recovery technique, and so far, do not see as yet that with the method that improves photosynthesis amount relevant literature research report is arranged about how utilizing the collaborative turfgrass of earthworm to repair heavy metal from consumer garbage compost.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is, a kind of earthworm method that collaborative turfgrass is repaired heavy metal from consumer garbage compost is provided, and promptly utilizes earthworm movement to promote the method for garbage compost matrix turfgrass enriching heavy metal.
Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of earthworm movement to promote the method that heavy metal shifts to aerial part under ground portion in the cursive script of lawn.
A present invention also purpose is, a kind of method and application aspect raising turfgrass the upperground part biomass that utilizes earthworm movement to improve the turfgrass chlorophyll content is provided.
A present invention also purpose is, a kind of method of utilizing earthworm movement to improve the turfgrass photosynthesis amount is provided.
The inventor is surprised to find that in test: put into a certain proportion of earthworm in consumer garbage compost, can improve the content of turfgrass enrichment consumer garbage compost matrix heavy metal by specific cultivation, can promote heavy metal in the cursive script of lawn, to shift to aerial part under ground portion, improve turfgrass the upperground part biomass, thereby reach the purpose of promoting garbage compost matrix lawn enriching heavy metal, in view of experiment work of the present invention has been finished in above-mentioned discovery.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Utilize the collaborative turfgrass of earthworm to repair garbage compost heavy metal and the method that improves photosynthesis amount, it is characterized in that: get the container that air-vent is arranged at the bottom, at container pad one deck gauze, the consumer garbage compost 2-4kg of 20 mesh sieves packed into, put into earthworm 40-80 bar, and sow turfgrass 1.5-3g respectively on the composting substrate surface of container, under natural lighting, grow, indoor temperature and relative humidity are respectively 15-21 ℃ and 34-39%, spray suitable quantity of water every day, to keep the matrix water-holding capacity is 60-65%, cradles turfgrass after 45 days, measures every index.
The container of air-vent is arranged at bottom of the present invention, generally can select plastic tub, pottery pot, earth basin or the like.Can expand as the lawn of vegetation according to the actual needs, flower bed, artificial rockery in greenery patches, gardens, the park or the like.
Consumer garbage compost serves as for examination matrix with Tianjin Xiao Dian consumer garbage compost generally.
Natural lighting of the present invention is growth down, and light application time is 7～8 hours.
Heavy metal of the present invention is Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb or Ni.
The present invention further discloses and utilize the collaborative turfgrass of earthworm to improve the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life heavy metal from of the application of turfgrass under ground portion to aerial part transfer aspect.Experimental results show that: earthworm movement can promote Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn ion to shift to aerial part from the rye grass under ground portion.Put in the composting substrate after earthworm handles, most heavy metal ion turfgrass on the ground, the total metals of under ground portion all has increase in various degree, so earthworm can promote the enrichment of heavy metal in plant.
The invention also discloses and utilize earthworm movement to improve the application of turfgrass chlorophyll content aspect.The method of utilizing earthworm movement to improve turfgrass the upperground part biomass is also disclosed simultaneously.Experimental results show that and put into the chlorophyll content that earthworm can increase turfgrass in the composting substrate, can improve turfgrass the upperground part biomass, thereby the effect that makes turfgrass repair the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life heavy metal is improved.
Further specify the collaborative turfgrass of earthworm below by the detailed experiments data and repair garbage compost heavy metal and the method that improves photosynthesis amount, also disclose simultaneously the experimental result that the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life heavy metal shifts to aerial part from the turfgrass under ground portion, and earthworm movement improves the experimental data of turfgrass chlorophyll content, raising turfgrass the upperground part biomass.For using method of the present invention and actual effect can more clearly be described, further set forth experimental technique of the present invention and effect below by concrete experiment:
1 material and method of production
1.1 experiment material
With Tianjin Xiao Dian consumer garbage compost serves as for examination matrix.Turfgrass is selected the more common English ryegrass of northern China (Lolium perenne L.), Festuca Arundinacea (Festuca arundinacea L.) and English grass (Poapratensis L.) for use.The Eisenia Foetida (Eiseniafetida) that earthworm adopts Ninghe, Tianjin Jia Liming vermiculture company to provide.
1.2 technological invention experimental design
Getting 18 * 20cm, bottom has the plastic tub of air-vent, at basin heelpiece one deck gauze, guarantees good air permeability, repaves the earth of one deck humidity, prevents that earthworm from getting out from the bottom.Every basin 20 mesh sieve consumer garbage compost 2kg that packed into, earthworm is cleaned, and is placed on and told soil in the enamel tray one day, every basin is put into 40 of earthworms, sowing rye grass, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass grass seeds 1.5g respectively on the composting substrate surface, is contrast with what do not put earthworm, 3 repetitions.Experiment is carried out at ambient temperature, natural lighting growth down, and average light application time is 7～8h, indoor temperature is 15-21 ℃, relative humidity 34-39%.Spray suitable quantity of water every day, keeping field capacity is 60% to finish until experiment.Gather in the crops behind the 45d, measure each index of correlation.
1.3 research and development index determining method
1.3.1 the mensuration of garbage compost matrix content of beary metal
Accurately take by weighing soil sample 1～5g (per sample constituent content to be measured and decide), in the high type hard glass of 100ml beaker, it is moistening to add little water, adds chloroazotic acid 10～20ml.Heating keeps little boiling on electric hot plate, to the organic matter vigorous reaction, adds perchloric acid 2～10ml.Continue to be heated to and emit white cigarette, strong fire heating is canescence until soil sample, and the perchloric acid of carefully rushing (but to note not occurring brown sintering dry piece, if this situation occurs, add a little chloroazotic acid recovery again and still be white).Make reagent blank simultaneously.Take off sample, use 1% nitric acid dissolve, filter in the 50ml volumetric flask, constant volume shakes up in graticule.Use the atomic absorption spectrophotometer content of beary metal.Assay method is with reference to the chief editor of Bureau for Environmental Protection of Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection " environmental monitoring and analysis method " (1986).
1.3.2 the mensuration of content of beary metal in the turfgrass
After the plant results, clean, 80 ℃ of oven dry 24 hours with deionized water.Getting turfgrass aerial part and under ground portion respectively carries out wet method and clears up: accurately take by weighing 0.1～0.2g (dry weight) sample in the high type hard of 150ml beaker, add 5～20ml concentrated sulfuric acid, cover the surface plate soaked overnight, put on the electric hot plate low baking temperature heating, dissolve to particle, add 5～10ml red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) again, 3～5ml perchloric acid shakes up, and heats up gradually to continue heating, this solution modifies tone gradually, and color becomes reddish brown attention and prevents charing.Continue to add 5～10ml red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) (totally 30～50ml), still have as solution to become reddish brown charing trend, drip the concentrated sulfuric acid again.Heating is cleared up until solution and is become clear, colorless.Continue to be evaporated to solution and emit dense white cigarette, and occur till pink or the yellow-white residue.Take off cooling, water changes in the 25ml volumetric flask, and is diluted to graticule, uses the atomic absorption spectroscopy determination content of beary metal respectively.
1.3.3 the mensuration of turfgrass chlorophyll content
1.3.4 the assay method of heavy metal of body
Matrix was put earthworm in a suitable place to breed 45 days, and the earthworm after separating is placed triangular flask, made it drain ight soil, rinse well with deionized water, and freezing causing death, 60 ℃ of oven dry ground with mortar, cross the 0.25mm sieve, 80 ℃ of oven dry 24 hours.Getting vermis carries out wet method and clears up: accurately take by weighing 0.1～0.2g (dry weight) sample in the high type hard of 150ml beaker, add 5～20ml concentrated sulfuric acid, cover the surface plate soaked overnight, put on the electric hot plate low baking temperature heating, dissolve to particle, add 5～10ml red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) again, 3～5ml perchloric acid shakes up, and heats up gradually to continue heating, this solution modifies tone gradually, and color becomes reddish brown attention and prevents charing.Continue to add 5～10ml red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) (totally 30～50ml), still have as solution to become reddish brown charing trend, drip the concentrated sulfuric acid again.Heating is cleared up until solution and is become clear, colorless.Continue to be evaporated to solution and emit dense white cigarette, and occur till pink or the yellow-white residue.Take off cooling, water changes in the 25ml volumetric flask, and is diluted to graticule, uses the atomic absorption spectroscopy determination content of beary metal respectively.Assay method is with reference to " environmental monitoring and analysis method " (1986).
1.3.5 data are handled: data analysis adopts EXCEL and SPSS 12.0 analysis software to handle.
2 results and analysis
2.1 garbage compost matrix content of beary metal is analyzed
From the heavy metal element determination result (table 1) of consumer garbage compost and soil matrix as can be seen the composting substrate content of each heavy metal element all than exceeding 100～200 times in the soil, this may have a negative impact to the g and D of plant to a certain extent, simultaneously wherein a part may enrichment in plant, this extracts heavy metal for utilizing turfgrass, and consumer garbage compost matrix is repaired provides possibility.
The content of beary metal context analyzer (mgkg-1) of table 1 compost and soil matrix
2.2 earthworm movement is to the influence of turf establishment system phytomass
Table 2 earthworm movement is to the influence (g/ basin) of turfgrass biomass
*P＜0.05，**P＜0.01
Result of the test shows: earthworm movement can improve the biomass of turfgrass.
2.3 turfgrass different parts heavy metal concentration total amount
2.3.1 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cd concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the composting substrate, the aerial part Cd content of rye grass and annual bluegrass contrast increases to some extent, and the Cd content of rye grass under ground portion, Festuca Arundinacea ground and under ground portion then reduces (Fig. 1) to some extent.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Cd content and aerial part Cd content is 2.29, and Festuca Arundinacea is 1.14; And after putting into earthworm, this ratio is respectively 1.54 and 0.94.After putting into earthworm, ground of Festuca Arundinacea and rye grass and underground biomass all have the increase of significantly increase and ground biomass much larger than underground biomass, and side by side the ratio of lower part Cd content and aerial part Cd content is reducing, and the activity of this explanation earthworm has promoted the Cd ion from the transhipment to aerial part of rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea under ground portion.On total amount, the total content gap of Cd of not putting into preceding 3 kinds of each positions of plant of earthworm is little, but after putting into earthworm, the total amount of the aerial part of rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea and under ground portion Cd all be aerial part greater than under ground portion (Fig. 6 .7), especially more obvious with the increase of aerial part.But after putting into earthworm, the total amount of annual bluegrass aerial part Cd reduces when not putting into earthworm to some extent, and difference extremely significantly (P＜0.01) before and after handling.
2.3.2 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cr concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the composting substrate, aerial part of rye grass and under ground portion the Cr content of contrast all increase to some extent, and the Cr content of the ground of Festuca Arundinacea and under ground portion and annual bluegrass aerial part decreases (Fig. 2), simultaneously no matter whether put into earthworm as can be seen, the Cr concentration of Festuca Arundinacea aerial part is all greater than its under ground portion.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Cr content and aerial part Cr content is 2.9, and Festuca Arundinacea is 0.85; And after putting into earthworm, this ratio is respectively 1.96 and 0.62, and earthworm movement has promoted the Cr ion from the transfer of two kinds of plant under ground portions to aerial part as can be seen.On total amount, after putting into earthworm, the total amount of the aerial part Cr of rye grass above and below ground part and Festuca Arundinacea has increase (Fig. 8) in various degree, especially more obvious with the increase of two kinds of plant aerial parts, the Cr total amount of Festuca Arundinacea under ground portion and annual bluegrass aerial part then reduces to some extent, and both all reach differences extremely significantly (P＜0.01) with contrast.
2.3.3 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cu concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the matrix, the Cu content of the aerial part of rye grass and the under ground portion of Festuca Arundinacea contrast increases (Fig. 3) to some extent, and the aerial part Cu content of rye grass under ground portion, Festuca Arundinacea and annual bluegrass reduces to some extent.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Cu content and aerial part Cu content is 6.95, and Festuca Arundinacea is 1.97; And this ratio is respectively 5.99 and 2.88 after putting into earthworm, and earthworm movement has promoted the Cu ion from the transfer of rye grass under ground portion to aerial part as can be seen.But on total amount, the Cu total amount of removing the annual bluegrass aerial part reduces after putting into earthworm to some extent, and ground of all the other two kinds of plants and under ground portion Cu content all have increase in various degree, and is especially comparatively obvious with the aerial part of rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea.
2.3.4 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Ni concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the matrix, ground of three kinds of plants and under ground portion Ni content all have in various degree minimizing (Fig. 4) than contrast, but put into Festuca Arundinacea before and after the earthworm on the ground, under ground portion Ni content is all greater than ground and the under ground portion of rye grass.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Ni content and aerial part Ni content is 2.02, and Festuca Arundinacea is 0.91; And after putting into earthworm, this ratio is respectively 1.73 and 1.28, and earthworm movement has promoted the Ni ion from the transfer of rye grass under ground portion to aerial part as can be seen.On total amount, put into earthworm after, except that annual bluegrass aerial part Ni content reduces (Figure 10), the Ni content of the ground of rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea and under ground portion is increase to some extent all, and the increase of aerial part is obvious than the increase of under ground portion.
2.3.5 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Pb concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the matrix, except that rye grass under ground portion Pb content contrasts the increase, each position Pb content of its aerial part and Festuca Arundinacea and annual bluegrass all reduces (Fig. 5) to some extent than contrast.Festuca Arundinacea is before putting into earthworm, and the Pb content of its aerial part is greater than its under ground portion, but after putting into earthworm, the Pb content of its under ground portion is then greater than aerial part.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Pb content and aerial part Pb content is 2.68, and Festuca Arundinacea is 6.32; And after putting into earthworm, this ratio is respectively 0.72 and 1.5.On total amount, except that the annual bluegrass aerial part (Figure 11), the Pb content of aerial part of other two kinds of plants and under ground portion all has increase, and wherein ground and the under ground portion with rye grass increases at most.
2.3.6 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Zn concentration and total amount
After putting into earthworm in the matrix, except that the Zn content of rye grass aerial part contrast increases (Fig. 6), the Zn content of its under ground portion and Festuca Arundinacea and annual bluegrass aerial part all has minimizing to a certain degree, simultaneously as can be seen, put into before and after the earthworm, the Zn content of rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea under ground portion is all greater than its aerial part.Before putting into earthworm, the ratio of rye grass under ground portion Zn content and aerial part Zn content is 2.71, and Festuca Arundinacea is 1.02; And after putting into earthworm, this ratio is respectively 2.13 and 2.09, and earthworm movement has promoted the Zn ion from the transfer of rye grass under ground portion to aerial part as can be seen.On total amount, put into earthworm after, the Zn content that removes the annual bluegrass aerial part contrast reduces (Figure 12) to some extent, the Zn content of ground of other two kinds of plants and under ground portion all contrast increase to some extent, and aerial part increases obvious than under ground portion.
2.4 earthworm movement is to the turfgrass Chlorophyll of Leaves
Each chlorophyll a of handling, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content that 3 kinds of turfgrass are put into earthworm all are higher than the control group of not putting into earthworm, but each handle with contrast between do not reach significant difference (seeing Table 3).But the chlorophyll a of putting into the earthworm processed group of Festuca Arundinacea and annual bluegrass, chlorophyll b are lower than the control group of not putting earthworm.Put into the chlorophyll content that earthworm can increase turfgrass in the composting substrate as can be seen by above result, but not remarkable with the contrast differences.
Table 3 earthworm movement is to the influence (mgg-1) of turfgrass chlorophyll content
3 technological invention discussion
The key constraints that influences the plant aspiration technique is the biological effectiveness of heavy metal-polluted soil and the ability that heavy metal shifts to aerial part from plant roots.But because the heavy metal ion majority that most non-heavy metal super enriching plant is drawn is accumulated in the under ground portion of plant, therefore by certain approach, improving metal ion is the key of carrying out phytoremediation with the non-heavy metal accumulator plant from underground transport efficacy to aerial part.
After putting into the earthworm processing, most heavy metal ion have decline in various degree in the concentration of plant ground and under ground portion, and The above results can be explained " diluting effect " of content of beary metal with plant.Because heavy metal mobility in plant is relatively poor, relative root, when having promoted the overground part growth, content of beary metal reduces relatively in the overground part plant.Ratio underground plant from heavy metal ion and aerial part concentration changes to be found out, earthworm movement can promote Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn ion to shift to aerial part from the rye grass under ground portion, and earthworm movement also promotes Cd and Cr ion from the underground transfer to aerial part of Festuca Arundinacea.
As can be seen from the test results, put in the composting substrate after earthworm handles, most heavy metal ion turfgrass on the ground, the total metals of under ground portion all has increase in various degree, therefore, earthworm can promote the enrichment of heavy metal in plant.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cd concentration;
Fig. 2 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cr concentration;
Fig. 3 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cu concentration;
Fig. 4 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Ni concentration;
Fig. 5 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Pb concentration;
Fig. 6 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Zn concentration;
Fig. 7 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cd total amount;
Fig. 8 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cr total amount;
Fig. 9 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Cu total amount;
Figure 10 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Ni total amount;
Figure 11 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Pb total amount;
Figure 12 earthworm movement is to the influence of turfgrass Zn total amount;
More than among each figure L represent rye grass (Lolium perenne L.), F to represent Festuca Arundinacea (Festuca arundinaceaL.), P to represent annual bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), a to represent aerial part (aboveground), u to represent under ground portion (underground).Be that on behalf of rye grass aerial part, Lu, La represent the rye grass under ground portion, the rest may be inferred.
The specific embodiment:
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Raw material sources: with Tianjin Xiao Dian consumer garbage compost serves as for examination matrix.Turfgrass is selected the more common English ryegrass of northern China (Loliumperenne L.), Festuca Arundinacea (Festuca arundinacea L.) and English grass (Poa pratensis L.) for use.The Eisenia Foetida (Eisenia fetida) that earthworm adopts Ninghe, Tianjin Jia Liming vermiculture company to provide.
Experimental technique:
Getting 18 * 20cm, bottom has the plastic tub of air-vent, at basin heelpiece one deck gauze, guarantees good air permeability, repaves the earth of one deck humidity, prevents that earthworm from getting out from the bottom.Every basin 20 mesh sieve consumer garbage compost 2kg that packed into, earthworm is cleaned, and is placed on and told soil in the enamel tray one day, every basin is put into 40 of earthworms, sowing rye grass, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass grass seeds 1.5g respectively on the composting substrate surface, is contrast with what do not put earthworm, 3 repetitions.Experiment is carried out at ambient temperature, natural lighting growth down, and average light application time is 8h, indoor temperature is 21 ℃, relative humidity-39%.Spray suitable quantity of water every day, keeping field capacity is 60% to finish until experiment.Gather in the crops behind the 45d, measure every index.Content of beary metal context analyzer (the mgkg of compost and soil matrix
-1) as follows:
(2) mensuration of content of beary metal in the turfgrass
Table 2 earthworm movement is to the influence (g/ basin) of turfgrass biomass
(3) mensuration of turfgrass chlorophyll content
Earthworm movement is to the influence (mgg-1) of turfgrass chlorophyll content
Raw material sources: the same
Getting 18 * 20cm, bottom has the enamel basin of air-vent, at basin heelpiece one deck gauze, guarantees good air permeability, repaves the earth of one deck humidity, prevents that earthworm from getting out from the bottom.Every basin 20 mesh sieve consumer garbage compost 2kg that packed into, earthworm is cleaned, and is placed on and told soil in the enamel tray one day, every basin is put into 60 of earthworms, sowing rye grass, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass grass seeds 1.5g respectively on the composting substrate surface, is contrast with what do not put earthworm, 3 repetitions.Experiment is carried out at ambient temperature, natural lighting growth down, and average light application time is 7h, indoor temperature is 18 ℃, relative humidity-39%.Spray suitable quantity of water every day, keeping field capacity is 65% to finish until experiment.Gather in the crops behind the 45d, measure every physiological and biochemical index.
Content of beary metal context analyzer (the mgkg of compost and soil matrix
-1) as follows:
(2) mensuration of content of beary metal in the turfgrass
Table 2 earthworm movement is to the influence (g/ basin) of turfgrass biomass
(3) mensuration of turfgrass chlorophyll content
Earthworm movement is to the influence (mgg-1) of turfgrass chlorophyll content
After the preferred embodiment that describes in detail, being familiar with this technology personage can be well understood to, can carry out various variations and modification not breaking away under above-mentioned claim and the spirit, all foundations technical spirit of the present invention all belongs to the scope of technical solution of the present invention to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.And the present invention also is not subjected to the restriction of the embodiment that gives an actual example in the specification.
Claims (8)
1. garbage compost heavy metal and the method that improves photosynthesis amount are repaired to turfgrass by earthworm association, it is characterized in that: get the container that air-vent is arranged at the bottom, at container heelpiece warp layer cloth, the consumer garbage compost 2-4kg of 20 mesh sieves packed into, put into earthworm 40-80 bar, and sow turf grass species 1.5-3g respectively on the composting substrate surface of container, under natural lighting, grow, indoor temperature and relative humidity are respectively 15-21 ℃ and 34-39%, spray suitable quantity of water every day, to keep the matrix water-holding capacity is 60-65%, cradles turfgrass after 45 days, measures every index.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described turfgrass is rye grass, Festuca Arundinacea or English grass.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said light application time is 7～8 hours.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein said heavy metal is Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb or Ni.
5. the described method of claim 1 improves the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life heavy metal in preparation and shifts application aspect the enrichment from the turfgrass under ground portion to aerial part.
6. the application of the described method of claim 1 aspect raising turfgrass chlorophyll content.
7. the application of the described method of claim 1 aspect the collaborative turfgrass reparation of preparation earthworm heavy metal from consumer garbage compost.
8. the application of the described method of claim 1 aspect preparation raising turfgrass photosynthesis amount.
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| CN2008100541115A CN101337231B (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2008-08-12 | Method for promoting lawn absorb heavy metal from consumer garbage compost and increasing photosynthesis amount cooperated with angleworm |
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| CN2008100541115A CN101337231B (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2008-08-12 | Method for promoting lawn absorb heavy metal from consumer garbage compost and increasing photosynthesis amount cooperated with angleworm |
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| CN101337231B true CN101337231B (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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| CN104259196A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-07 | 苗庆龄 | Method for remediating heavy metal polluted soil by comprehensively utilizing biochemical resources |
| CN109550773A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-02 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Animals and plants joint granule suitable for heavy-metal contaminated soil is sowed grass seeds by duster restorative procedure |
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| CN102553904B (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-06-05 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | Bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals |
| CN102601105A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 西安科技大学 | Method for removing heavy metal copper in soil by using plants |
| CN103962368B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of animals and plants work in coordination with the technical method repairing cadmium, lead-contaminated soil |
| CN104275345B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-08-24 | 大连地拓重工有限公司 | The biochemical restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN105290094B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-11-28 | 沈阳大学 | The method polluted using phthalate in Vermicomposting degraded plastic shed soil |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104259196A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-07 | 苗庆龄 | Method for remediating heavy metal polluted soil by comprehensively utilizing biochemical resources |
| CN109550773A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-02 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Animals and plants joint granule suitable for heavy-metal contaminated soil is sowed grass seeds by duster restorative procedure |
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| CN101337231A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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