CN101299037A - Device and method for testing filtration efficiency of biologic aerosol for filtering or separating material - Google Patents
Device and method for testing filtration efficiency of biologic aerosol for filtering or separating material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101299037A CN101299037A CNA2008100535114A CN200810053511A CN101299037A CN 101299037 A CN101299037 A CN 101299037A CN A2008100535114 A CNA2008100535114 A CN A2008100535114A CN 200810053511 A CN200810053511 A CN 200810053511A CN 101299037 A CN101299037 A CN 101299037A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses testing device which can accurately and conveniently measure the filtration efficiency of the bioaerosol of filtering material or insulation material and a method thereof. In the testing device of the invention, an air compressor and an aerosol mixing chamber are connected through an air inlet pipeline. The aerosol mixing chamber is connected with a movable part of a pneumatic fixture through pipeline. The fixed part of the pneumatic fixture is respectively connected with a downstream biological sampler, a downstream regulating pipeline and a shunting pipeline through the downstream pipeline. The aerosol mixing chamber is respectively connected with a sterilizing pipeline, a sampling pipeline and a regulating pipeline. The testing method according to the invention comprises the steps of preparing a bacterium suspension liquid, retaining the sample to be tested on the pneumatic fixture, decanting the bacterium suspension liquid into a bioaerosol generator, regulating the device and closing all valves, and counting when the culture is taken off and is executed with conditional cultivation. The present invention provides a cabinet type bioaerosol filtration efficiency testing platform which has the advantages of compact structure, movability and transferability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air purification, biologic cleanliness sciemtifec and technical sphere, more particularly, is a kind of bioaerosol filtration efficiency proving installation and method that relates to filtrations such as medical mask and air filting material or isolated material.
Background technology
The biologic cleanliness technology is the gordian technique in biological protection field, and along with popularizing day by day and development of this technology, the bacteriological filtration efficiency test method problem of medical mask and air filting material more and more causes the concern of domestic and international biological medicine circle.The medical personnel, especially those are engaged in the hygiene care specialty medical personnel to sick and wounded's treatment and nursing, and because of need of work is exposed in the venereal infection pathogenic microorganism gasoloid through regular meeting, this working environment has caused serious threat to life and health.Because Engineering Control can not be eliminated all possible bioaerosol exposure fully, be to reduce the potential threat that venereal infection pathogenic microorganism gasoloid exposes again, people have been placed on focus and have used on medical mask and the air filting material.
Yet China does not set up as yet to the value disciplines of bioaerosol filtration efficiencies such as face shield, air filter material at present, is not specifically designed to the means of detection of biological gasoloid filtration efficiency.Filtration efficiency detection method that some are commonly used such as detected data such as sodium salt method, mist of oil method and MPPS method also not exclusively are suitable for estimating the effect that filter material filters bioaerosol, there are some researches show in addition, same filter material is to different types of microbial aerosol filtration efficiency and different, as seen, can not simply weigh for the bacteriological filtration efficient of materials such as medical mask, face shield with plain particles thing filtration efficiency.In the U.S., there has been corresponding standard ASTM F2101-01 to be used for the bioaerosol filtration efficiency and detected.Japan has developed bioaerosol filtration efficiency detector also according to the concrete needs of this country.
More domestic universities or research institution are inquired into bioaerosol filtration efficiency detection method for research purpose, and some is to test after the simple refit on original physical particles filtration efficiency monitor station, and some is to build easy flow testing.The trial of these method of testings and device has promoted the research of China's bioaerosol filtering characteristic and mechanism, but all has deficiency in various degree.Relatively distinct issues are that test board is bulky, and mobile difficulty maybe can not move, and the test of a certain sample is often needed very long equilibration time, and testing efficiency is low, and test condition is single, can't satisfy at present the requirement to difference test air quantity.These deficiencies have seriously limited the raising of China in the universal and research level of bioaerosol filtration efficiency detection.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bioaerosol filtration efficiency proving installation and the method that can measure filtration or isolated material accurately and easily.
The bioaerosol filtration efficiency proving installation of filtration of the present invention or isolated material, be achieved by following technical proposals, air compressor is connected by air inlet pipeline with gasoloid mixing chamber, and described air inlet pipeline sets gradually high efficiency particle air filter, reduction valve, switch valve, flowmeter and bioaerosol generator; Gasoloid mixing chamber is connected by pipeline with the moveable part of air-actuated jaw, and air compressor is connected by gas circuit with the cylinder of air-actuated jaw, and described gas circuit sets gradually gas circuit reduction valve and selector valve; The fixed part of air-actuated jaw connects downstream biological sampling device, downstream adjusting pipeline and distribution pipeline respectively by the downstream pipeline, downstream biological sampling device connects the downstream successively and purifies bottle, downstream vacuum pump and downstream timer, described downstream is regulated pipeline and is set gradually downstream adjusting flowmeter and downstream adjusting high efficiency particle air filter, and described distribution pipeline sets gradually shunting high efficiency particle air filter, bypass flow meter, shunting vacuum pump and shunting timer; The moveable part of air-actuated jaw connects upstream biological sampling device by pipeline, and upstream biological sampling device connects the upstream successively and purifies bottle, upstream vacuum pump and upstream timer; Pressure gauge is arranged between the fixed part of the moveable part of air-actuated jaw and air-actuated jaw; Gasoloid mixing chamber connects decontamination duct network, sampling pipeline respectively and regulates pipeline, described decontamination duct network sets gradually switch valve, sterilizing gas generator and sterilization timer, described sampling pipeline sets gradually sampling high efficiency particle air filter, sampling flow meter, sampling vacuum pump and sampling timer, and described adjusting pipeline sets gradually to be regulated flowmeter and regulate high efficiency particle air filter.
The bioaerosol filtration efficiency method of testing of filtration of the present invention or isolated material, carry out according to following step:
(1) preparation bacteria suspension: after medium culture, preparation bacterium colony concentration is 10 with experimental strain
6～10
8The bacteria suspension of CFU/ml;
(2) testing fixture circuit, gas circuit and sealing state;
(3) testing sample is clamped in the air-actuated jaw: at first open air compressor, regulate reduction valve and gas circuit reduction valve, switch valve 5 is set to " pass ", selector valve 13 is transferred to " opening " position, put into testing sample, again selector valve 13 is transferred to the off-position to clamp sample;
(4) open gas source valve, be adjusted to the required flow of generator;
(5) regulate biological sampling device vacuum pump and reach rated flow: between sampled upstream device and upstream vacuum pump, between sampled downstream device and downstream vacuum pump, insert proving flowmeter respectively, open upstream vacuum pump and downstream vacuum pump, regulating flowmeter makes stability of flow at 28.31/min, remove proving flowmeter then, reconnected pipeline;
(6) regulate each parts according to detecting the flow needs;
(7) bacteria suspension is poured in the bioaerosol generator, with the upstream double dish sampled upstream device of packing into, with the downstream double dish sampled downstream device of packing into;
(8) set the timer time, power-on detects;
(9) close all valves, take off the double dish condition of carrying out and cultivate;
(10) clump count of the various particle diameters in counting upstream and downstream;
(11) calculate the bioaerosol filtration efficiency.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the present invention adopts six grades of impacting type biological sampling devices to carry out upstream and downstream to sample simultaneously, guarantees the accuracy that the bioaerosol filtration efficiency detects, and eliminates the error that labile factors such as aerosol deposition, evaporation are brought simultaneously;
2. the scalable that the invention provides 0～801/min detects flow, substantially can adapt to domestic and international existing physical particles filtration efficiency examination criteria, when detecting adjacent two samples, need not to shut down, need not the system biological gasoloid is carried out balance, interval time is short, the detection efficiency height;
3. the invention provides low discharge (0～28.31/min) time bioaerosol filtration efficiency detection method and filtration efficiency compensation computing formula;
4. the invention provides the pneumatic type sample clamping system, easy to operate, do not have and leak;
5. the invention provides compact conformation, removable, the carrying cabinet type bioaerosol filtration efficiency detection platform.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that detects the flow regulation mode;
Fig. 3 air-actuated jaw structural representation;
Fig. 4 is that apparatus of the present invention are formed synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.
Referring to Fig. 4, air compressor 1 and gasoloid mixing chamber 9 are connected by air inlet pipeline, and described air inlet pipeline sets gradually high efficiency particle air filter 2, reduction valve 3, switch valve 5, flowmeter 6 gentle fraction bioaerosol generators 8; Gasoloid mixing chamber is connected by pipeline with the moveable part of air-actuated jaw 15, and air compressor is connected by gas circuit with the cylinder of air-actuated jaw, and described gas circuit sets gradually gas circuit reduction valve 4 and selector valve 13; The fixed part of air-actuated jaw connects downstream biological sampling device 18, downstream adjusting pipeline and distribution pipeline respectively by the downstream pipeline, downstream biological sampling device connects the downstream successively and purifies bottle 19, downstream vacuum pump 20 and downstream timer 21, described downstream is regulated pipeline and is set gradually downstream adjusting flowmeter 17 and downstream adjusting high efficiency particle air filter 16, and described distribution pipeline sets gradually shunting high efficiency particle air filter 22, bypass flow meter 23, shunting vacuum pump 25 and shunting timer 26; The moveable part of air-actuated jaw connects upstream biological sampling device 24 by pipeline, and upstream biological sampling device connects the upstream successively and purifies bottle 31, upstream vacuum pump 32 and upstream timer 33; Pressure gauge 14 is arranged between the fixed part of the moveable part of air-actuated jaw and air-actuated jaw; Gasoloid mixing chamber connects decontamination duct network, sampling pipeline respectively and regulates pipeline, described decontamination duct network sets gradually switch valve 7, sterilizing gas generator 35 and sterilization timer 34, described sampling pipeline sets gradually sampling high efficiency particle air filter 27, sampling flow meter 28, sampling vacuum pump 29 and sampling timer 30, and described adjusting pipeline sets gradually to be regulated flowmeter 10 and regulate high efficiency particle air filter 11.Air compressor 1 and high efficiency particle air filter 2 provide clean compressed air to system, gas fraction bioaerosol generator 8, be used for taking place the bio-aerosol particles of polydispersion phase to gasoloid mixing chamber 9, air-actuated jaw 15, be used for the clamping testing sample, biological sampling device 18 and annex thereof purify bottle 19, vacuum pump 20 and timer 21 are used to realize timing acquiring testing sample downstream bio-aerosol particles and tail gas clean-up are handled, biological sampling device 24 and annex thereof purify bottle 31, vacuum pump 32 and timer 33 are used to realize timing acquiring testing sample downstream bio-aerosol particles and tail gas clean-up are handled, pressure gauge 14 is used for the pressure reduction of test sample upstream and downstream, vacuum pump 25, flowmeter 23 and high efficiency particle air filter 22 are in order to extract and clean-up sampling device 18 and the remaining bioaerosol of 24 collections.
As shown in Figure 3, air-actuated jaw comprises fixed part 38, can move up and down part 37, cylinder 12, selector switch valve 13 and air compressor 1 are formed, unlatching and clamping by selector switch valve 13 control anchor clamps, the anchor clamps form can be according to different test sample and is different, sample can be the mask material of air filtration filter paper, protective garment fabric, fabric and undressed moulding, can be long canister, also can be short canister, or non-framework mouth mask finished product.
Adopt the method for the bioaerosol filtration efficiency of said apparatus test sample product product, described with reference to Fig. 4, flow process Fig. 1 and 2.
Step S1 is that the experiment that bioaerosol takes place is prepared, and at substep S1-1, the staff cleans up bioaerosol generator and double dish, puts into autoclave and sterilizes, and it is stand-by to put into drying box then; Dip in 70～75% ethanolic solution wiping biological sampling devices with absorbent gauze, light that to put into drying box behind the residual ethanol stand-by.In substep S1-2, different preparation condition nutrient culture media according to experimental strain, different strain has different nutrient culture media preparation programs, medium component as serratia marcesens is peptone, powdered beef, agar etc., put into drying box after the prepared culture medium sterilization, implement the previous day in detection and divide in the double dish of packing into.Substep S1-3 realizes that high concentration detects culture of strains, and generally cultivating concentration is 10
6～10
8CFU/ml.
System's routine inspection before step S2 detects comprises the working order of each valve, the connection of pipeline and the inspections such as unimpeded situation of sealing situation and circuit.In step S3, at first open air compressor 1, regulate reduction valve 3 and 4 behind desired value, switch valve 5 is set to " pass ", selector valve 13 is transferred to " opening " position, put into testing sample, guarantee that sample does not have fold also to cover fully on the anchor clamps, again selector valve 13 is transferred to the off-position to clamp sample.At step S4, Open valve 5 is regulated flowmeter 6 to valve-off 5 behind the flow that bioaerosol needs takes place.During step S5, between sampling thief 18 and vacuum pump 20, sampling thief 24 and vacuum pump 32, insert a proving flowmeter respectively, open vacuum pump 20 and 24, regulating flowmeter makes stability of flow at 28.31/min, remove proving flowmeter then, reconnected pipeline, sampling thief is not all put into double dish in this step.The S6 step is regulated associated components (seeing accompanying drawing 2) according to the needs that detect flow.
The S7 step is diluted to the low concentration bacteria suspension as required with high-concentration bacterial liquid, pours in the bioaerosol generator 8, with the sampling thief of packing into behind the double dish mark, connecting system.Set timer 21,26,30 and 33 in step S8, wherein timer 21 is consistent with 26 time palpus is T
1, timer 30 must have the switching function of delaying, and sets to delay opening time T
2Identical with timer 33, the shut-in time is set at T
1-T
2, Open valve 5 and power supply carried out the efficient detection after setting was finished, and write down the reading of differential manometer 14 in the testing process, were the gas-flow resistance of sample.
Close all valves after finishing among the step S9, take off the double dish in the sampling thief after static 1 minute, put into and cultivate certain hour under the incubator certain condition, fall into a trap at step S10 and record upstream and downstream clump count C
OnAnd C
Down, the S11 step is finished detection to the bioaerosol filtration efficiency of sample according to bacteriological filtration efficiency calculation formula.
In accompanying drawing 2, detect flow regulation step S6 and be divided into three kinds of situations, a kind of is to detect flow Q＜28.31/min, at this moment must close vacuum pump 25, flowmeter 23 is adjusted to 0, and the reading of regulating flowmeter 17 is 28.3-Q1/min, and at this moment actual flow by test sample is exactly Q; When detecting flow Q=28.31/min, only need that flowmeter 17 and 23 readings all are adjusted to 0 and get final product; The third situation is to detect flow Q＞28.31/min, flowmeter 17 must be adjusted to 0, opens vacuum pump 25, and to Q-28.3, then Q is the actual flow by test sample with flowmeter 23 flow regulation.
Bioaerosol filtration efficiency E computing method are also not quite identical under above-mentioned three kinds of flow conditions:
During Q 〉=28.31/min,
Wherein
During Q＜28.31/min,
Wherein
Adopt system accuracy (the maximum credible efficient) E of six grades of impacting type Anderson biological sampling devices
MaxComputing formula is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
Detect flow 28.31/min, sampling thief is six grades of impacting type Anderson sampling thiefs, the sampled upstream time is made as 30s, the sampled downstream time is made as 5min, certain highly-efficient glass fiber filter paper is carried out four bacteriological filtration efficient duplicate detection experiments as sample, the result is as shown in the table, and the used conditional decision highest detection of present embodiment efficient is 99.99%, greater than representing with "＞99.99% " of this numerical value.
| Particle size range μ m | The 1st time | The 2nd time | The 3rd time | The 4th | Av eff % | The repeatability standard deviation S r | 95% repeated limit value t |
| 0.65～1.1 | 98.4 | 98.6 | 98.6 | 97.1 | 98.2 | 0.5233 | 1.4652 |
| 1.1～2.1 | 99.98 | 100 | 99.99 | 99.9999 | ＞99.99 | 0.0115 | 0.0322 |
| 2.1～3.3 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | 0 | 0 |
| 3.3～4.7 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | 0 | 0 |
| 4.7～7 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | 0 | 0 |
| ＞7 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | ＞99.99 | 0 | 0 |
Embodiment 2:
The embodiment that is proposed above the invention is not restricted to, under the prerequisite that does not break away from design philosophy of the present invention, common engineering technical personnel make technical scheme of the present invention in this area various distortion and improvement all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is filtered or the bioaerosol filtration efficiency proving installation of isolated material, it is characterized in that, air compressor is connected by air inlet pipeline with gasoloid mixing chamber, and described air inlet pipeline sets gradually high efficiency particle air filter, reduction valve, switch valve, flowmeter and bioaerosol generator; Gasoloid mixing chamber is connected by pipeline with the moveable part of air-actuated jaw, and air compressor is connected by gas circuit with the cylinder of air-actuated jaw, and described gas circuit sets gradually gas circuit reduction valve and selector valve; The fixed part of air-actuated jaw connects downstream biological sampling device, downstream adjusting pipeline and distribution pipeline respectively by the downstream pipeline, downstream biological sampling device connects the downstream successively and purifies bottle, downstream vacuum pump and downstream timer, described downstream is regulated pipeline and is set gradually downstream adjusting flowmeter and downstream adjusting high efficiency particle air filter, and described distribution pipeline sets gradually shunting high efficiency particle air filter, bypass flow meter, shunting vacuum pump and shunting timer; The moveable part of air-actuated jaw connects upstream biological sampling device by pipeline, and upstream biological sampling device connects the upstream successively and purifies bottle, upstream vacuum pump and upstream timer; Pressure gauge is arranged between the fixed part of the moveable part of air-actuated jaw and air-actuated jaw; Gasoloid mixing chamber connects decontamination duct network, sampling pipeline respectively and regulates pipeline, described decontamination duct network sets gradually switch valve, sterilizing gas generator and sterilization timer, described sampling pipeline sets gradually sampling high efficiency particle air filter, sampling flow meter, sampling vacuum pump and sampling timer, and described adjusting pipeline sets gradually to be regulated flowmeter and regulate high efficiency particle air filter.
2. one kind is filtered or the bioaerosol filtration efficiency method of testing of isolated material, it is characterized in that, utilizes the described device of claim 1, carries out according to following step:
(1) preparation bacteria suspension: after medium culture, preparation bacterium colony concentration is 10 with experimental strain
6～10
8The bacteria suspension of CFU/ml;
(2) testing fixture circuit, gas circuit and sealing state;
(3) testing sample is clamped in the air-actuated jaw: at first open air compressor, regulate reduction valve and gas circuit reduction valve, switch valve 5 is set to " pass ", selector valve 13 is transferred to " opening " position, put into testing sample, again selector valve 13 is transferred to the off-position to clamp sample;
(4) open gas source valve, be adjusted to the required flow of generator;
(5) regulate biological sampling device vacuum pump and reach rated flow: between sampled upstream device and upstream vacuum pump, between sampled downstream device and downstream vacuum pump, insert proving flowmeter respectively, open upstream vacuum pump and downstream vacuum pump, regulating flowmeter makes stability of flow at 28.3l/min, remove proving flowmeter then, reconnected pipeline;
(6) regulate each parts according to detecting the flow needs;
(7) bacteria suspension is poured in the bioaerosol generator, with the upstream double dish sampled upstream device of packing into, with the downstream double dish sampled downstream device of packing into;
(8) set the timer time, power-on detects;
(9) close all valves, take off the double dish condition of carrying out and cultivate;
(10) clump count of the various particle diameters in counting upstream and downstream;
(11) calculate the bioaerosol filtration efficiency.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100535114A CN101299037B (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Device and method for testing filtration efficiency of biologic aerosol for filtering or separating material |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100535114A CN101299037B (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Device and method for testing filtration efficiency of biologic aerosol for filtering or separating material |
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| CN101299037A true CN101299037A (en) | 2008-11-05 |
| CN101299037B CN101299037B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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