CN104789637A - Method for quickly detecting coliform groups in textile - Google Patents

Method for quickly detecting coliform groups in textile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104789637A
CN104789637A CN201510150109.8A CN201510150109A CN104789637A CN 104789637 A CN104789637 A CN 104789637A CN 201510150109 A CN201510150109 A CN 201510150109A CN 104789637 A CN104789637 A CN 104789637A
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sample
filter
coliform
testing plate
sample liquid
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郭会清
李轲
苗丽
杨娜
乔晴
禹建鹰
王永杰
白杰
王新辉
王珊
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of microbial detection of textiles, in particular to a method for quickly detecting coliform groups in a textile. The method comprises the following steps: 1, collecting a detection sample; 2, preparing a sample solution; 3, diluting the sample solution, and filtering; 4, performing bacterial group culture detection; 5, calculating a result; 6, reporting the result. Normal saline is adopted for eluting microorganisms in the textile, a microporous membrane with the diameter being 0.45 micron is adopted for quick extraction, a filter membrane can filter a large amount of liquid and intercept bacteria in the sample solution onto the filter membrane, then the filter membrane is attached onto a corresponding microbial testing slip, the coliform groups grow bacterial colonies with corresponding characteristics after culture, the number of colonies is directly counted, and the number of coliform groups in a sample per square centimeter is calculated; the detection method considers the areas and thicknesses of various samples, so that the collected samples are more representative, a detection result is more accurate, and real situations of the samples are reflected more definitely.

Description

A kind of method of coliform in rapid detection textiles
Technical field
The present invention relates to textiles microorganism detection field, particularly a kind of method of coliform in rapid detection textiles.
Background technology
Coliform means a group energy ferment lactose, produces sour aerogenesis, aerobic and amphimicrobian Gram-negative bactacin, coliform extensively exists in the environment, this bacterium is mainly from human and animal excreta, the hygienic quality of product is evaluated in this, as fecal pollution index, infer the degree by enteropathic fungi pollution in product, coliform exceeds standard and also means that the chance that pathogenic bacterium exceed standard increases, and the probability be detrimental to health also increases.
Sample collecting in traditional textiles, the detection method of coliform mainly contains:
Traditional method 1 (SN/T 3335-2012 " importing and exporting textiles microorganism item-test specification "), open more than 3 to pack, nominal is got 20g and is shredded, make the fermentation of 1:10 sample liquid lactose cholate, measuring samples is inoculated in lactose, in cholate fermentation tube, put in 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator, cultivate 24h ± 2h, as all lactose cholate fermentation tube not aerogenesis, then can be reported as coliform feminine gender, if any aerogenesis person, then carry out separation and Culture, by the fermentation tube of aerogenesis difference transferred species on eosin methylene blue agar flat board, put in 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator, cultivate 8h ~ 24h, then take out, observe colonial morphology, and do gramstaining and confirmatory test, on above-mentioned flat board, the suspicious coliform bacterium colony of picking 1 ~ 2 carries out gramstaining, Simultaneous vaccination lactose fermentation tube, put in 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivate 24h ± 2h, observe aerogenesis situation, all lactose pipe aerogenesis, gramstaining are negative bactacin, can be reported as coliform-positive.
Traditional method 2 (GB/T18204.4-2013 " the public places sanitary method of inspection the 4th part: public article apparatus microorganism ") chooses the areal extent of 5cm × 5cm, 5 times are smeared with the moistening cotton swab of sterilizing, make 1:10 sample liquid MTF method, 1:10 diluent 1mL is drawn with 1mL sterilizing suction pipe, inject containing 9mL sterile saline or other diluents in vitro, jolting test tube mixes, make the diluent of 1:100, separately get 1mL sterilizing suction pipe, take turns doing 10 times by upper bar operation and increase progressively diluent, often increase progressively dilution once, use 1 1mL sterilizing suction pipe instead, according to the estimation of sample pollution condition, select three extent of dilution, each extent of dilution, inoculation 3 pipe, MTF method comprises just (step) fermentation test, plate is separated and multiple fermentation test three parts:
1, first (step) fermentation test fermentation tube is built with lactose protein peptone liquid nutrient medium, and be inverted a moral Han Shi small casing and produce sour aerogenesis because of colibacillus group energy ferment lactose, purpurum bromocresolis is added with as pH indicator in substratum, after Production by Bacteria acid, namely substratum becomes yellow from original purple, water sample is inoculated in fermentation tube, cultivate at 37 DEG C, gas is had to be formed in 24h in small casing, and substratum is muddy, color change illustrates in water to there is coliform, for positive findings, but the bacterium also having indivedual other types with this understanding also may aerogenesis; In addition producing anaerogenic can not the explanation completely of acid is negative findings.When measuring few, also may to be deferred to after 48h just aerogenesis, now should be considered as suspect results, therefore, above two kinds of results all need to continue to do two portions experiment below, just can determine whether it is coliform.Still anaerogenic after 48h is negative findings.
2, plate isolation plate culture medium generally uses azaleine S-WAT agar (Endo's medium, Endo ' s medium) or (eosin methylene blue agar eosin methylene blueagar, EMB agar), the former contains schiff stain, in this as indicator, it can be decoloured by the S-WAT in substratum, substratum is made to be rose pink, the acid produced after coliform ferment lactose and acetaldehyde are and azaleine reaction, form scarlet mixture, make coliform bacterium colony become the scarlet of band metalluster.S-WAT also can suppress the growth of other miscellaneous bacterias.Eosin methylene blue agar flat board is containing Yihong and methylene blue dyestuff, at this also as indicator, when coliform ferment lactose causes sour environment, namely these two kinds of dyestuffs are combined into mixture, make coliform produce intense violet color (purple of Viola crystallina) bacterium colony similar on Endo's medium, that be with core, that have metalluster.That produces that sour aerogenesis and 48h produce sour aerogenesis in first fermentation tube 24h all need be separated bacterium colony with line on upper flat plate.
3, the multiple above coliform-positive bacterium colony of fermentation test, is Gram-negative bactacin person through smear staining, is confirmed further by this test again.Principle is identical with first fermentation test, cultivates and produces acid aerogenesis again, be finally defined as coliform-positive result through 24h.
The mensuration of traditional method to coliform only reaches that limit is at water, and field of food detection, because the problems such as the content of textiles sampling and bacterium is low cause application to be restricted in textiles.
The method that the sample collecting of textiles is conventional:
The first is streak method, this method great advantage does not destroy sample, be applicable to sample texture thinner and intensive, the sample that bacteria content is higher, but in practice, because textiles has vesicular structure and water absorption character, and textiles has certain thickness, only the contaminated real situation of sample can not be detected completely with surface smear sampling, when running into the lower sample of bacteria content or the more abundant sample of quality, smear in process that to there will be sample collecting not thorough, the situation that sample not exclusively gathers, easily because recall rate is low, cause false negative result, thus misleading testing staff produces mistake judgement.
The second shreds 20g weighing method, this method destroys sample, be applicable to the small area textiles that bacteria content is low, but textiles kind varies in reality, size, variable thickness, if only weigh 20g as sample, under-represented, if sample water-absorbent is strong, made sample heterogeneity, more easily causes false negative result.Traditional detection method, not only expends time in longer but also mostly be qualitative detection, and in reality, detection by quantitative has more meaning.
Summary of the invention
For sample collecting in existing textiles, problem existing in the testing process of coliform, the object of the present invention is to provide coliform new detecting method in a kind of textiles, overcomes sample collecting in existing textiles, the deficiency existed in the process that coliform detects and defect
Its technical scheme of dealing with problems is:
A method for coliform in rapid detection textiles, comprises the following steps:
Step one: sample collection
Evenly to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities 5 ~ 10 sampling points in the textiles surrounding of censorship and centre, measure with sterilizing stainless steel ruler, each sampling point presses 5cm × 5cm (25cm 2) areal extent cuts out, every 25cm 2sampling area is 1 part of sample, and according to textiles size, every part textiles gathers 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples altogether; If test sample area is excessive or too small, sampling area can expand in proportion or reduce;
Step 2: prepared by sample liquid
Be collected 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples are put into the aseptic homogenizing bag of full filter screen filling 200mL sterile saline, 1min ~ 2min is patted with slap type homogenizer, obtain a physiological saline sample liquid, make sample liquid as stoste, if test sample absorb water in a large number and cause can not sucking-off enough sample liquid time, sterile saline amount can increase progressively by each 100mL, until energy extracting has the test sample liquid of enough 100mL ~ 120mL; In each sample liquid 30min, extracting detects complete;
Step 3: sample liquid dilutes, filters
Should the extension rate of pollution condition determination sample liquid per sample, be less than 100 bacterium colonies be advisable can produce after filtering a sterilised membrane filter, often open membrane filtration 100mL sample liquid; If sample contamination is serious, sample liquid stoste can be diluted 10 times, get 100mL diluent and filter;
Step 4: bacteria group culture detects
Take out coliform testing plate, at room temperature place 10min, open coating film, absorption 1mL sterilized water or physiological saline, on testing plate substratum, cover coating film, and normal temperature places 1h, make the complete aquation of testing plate substratum, be 0.45 μm of micropore sterilizing filter membrane edge section with anodontia sterilizing tweezers gripping aperture, by uneven surface upwards, be placed with on sterilized filter bed, fix filter, the sample liquid made is injected filter, opens filter valve, negative 0.5 × 10 5suction filtration under Pa, after sample liquid has been filtered, the more about 5s that bleeds, shut filter valve, take off filter, with sterilizing tweezers gripping filter membrane edge section, move and be placed in coliform testing plate, membrane retention bacterium is towards upper, filter membrane should be adjacent to completely with testing plate, does not leave bubble between the two, then testing plate is put into 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivates 24h ± 2h, the bacterium colony that coliform is turned out in testing plate has following characteristics: red small colonies, has bubble around;
Step 5: result calculates
On direct census microorganism testing slice, the bacterium colony of aerogenesis bubble, reports the result with the coliform number in every square centimeter of sample;
Calculate by formula (1),
Step 6: report the test
If sample stoste testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is 0CFU/cm 2; If 10 times of sample diluting liquid testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is < 10CFU/cm 2; Other selects colony number in testing plate to be less than the testing plate counting of 100CFU, by formula (1) report calculated.
This experiment adopts the microorganism in physiological saline wash-out textiles, aperture is adopted to be 0.45 μm of microporous membrane Rapid extraction, this kind of filter membrane can filter large quantity of fluid, and bacterium contained in sample liquid is trapped on filter membrane, then filter membrane is attached in corresponding microorganism testing plate, after cultivating, coliform grows the bacterium colony with individual features in testing plate, direct census colony number, coliform group count contained by sample in calculating every square centimeter, detection method of the present invention considers the size of various sample area, and thickness, the sample gathered is more representative, make detected result more accurate, more definite to the truth reflection of sample.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 the inventive method and traditional method are sampled and coliform cultivation results.
Fig. 2 the inventive method and traditional technique in measuring Comparative result.
Embodiment
Elaborate to summary of the invention below in conjunction with embodiment
Embodiment one
A method for coliform in rapid detection textiles, comprises the following steps:
Step one: sample collection
Evenly to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities 5 ~ 10 sampling points in the silk goods surrounding of censorship and centre, measure with sterilizing stainless steel ruler, each sampling point presses 5cm × 5cm (25cm 2) areal extent cuts out, every 25cm 2sampling area is 1 part of sample;
Step 2: prepared by sample liquid
Be collected 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples are put into the aseptic homogenizing bag of full filter screen filling 200mL sterile saline, 1min ~ 2min is patted with slap type homogenizer, obtain a physiological saline sample liquid, make sample liquid as stoste, sterile saline amount can increase progressively by each 100mL, until energy extracting has the test sample liquid of enough 100mL ~ 120mL; In each sample liquid 30min, extracting detects complete;
Step 3: sample liquid dilutes, filters
The extension rate of pollution condition determination sample liquid per sample, is less than 100 bacterium colonies is advisable can produce after filtering a sterilised membrane filter, often opens filter membrane and gets 100mL diluent and filter;
Step 4: bacteria group culture detects
Take out coliform testing plate, at room temperature place 10min, open coating film, absorption 1mL sterilized water or physiological saline, on testing plate substratum, cover coating film, and normal temperature places 1h, make the complete aquation of testing plate substratum, be 0.45 μm of micropore sterilizing filter membrane edge section with anodontia sterilizing tweezers gripping aperture, by uneven surface upwards, be placed with on sterilized filter bed, fix filter, the sample liquid made is injected filter, opens filter valve, negative 0.5 × 10 5suction filtration under Pa, after sample liquid has been filtered, the more about 5s that bleeds, shut filter valve, take off filter, with sterilizing tweezers gripping filter membrane edge section, move and be placed in coliform testing plate, membrane retention bacterium is towards upper, filter membrane should be adjacent to completely with testing plate, does not leave bubble between the two, then testing plate is put into 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivates 24h ± 2h, the bacterium colony that coliform is turned out in testing plate has following characteristics: red small colonies, has bubble around;
Step 5: result calculates
On direct census microorganism testing slice, the bacterium colony of aerogenesis bubble, reports the result with the coliform number in every square centimeter of sample;
Calculate by formula (1),
Step 6: report the test
If sample stoste testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is 0CFU/cm 2; If 10 times of sample diluting liquid testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is < 10CFU/cm 2; Other selects colony number in testing plate to be less than the testing plate counting of 100CFU, by formula (1) report calculated.
Embodiment two
A method for coliform in rapid detection textiles, comprises the following steps:
Step one: sample collection
Evenly to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities 5 ~ 10 sampling points in the cotton goods surrounding of censorship and centre, measure with sterilizing stainless steel ruler, each sampling point presses 5cm × 5cm (25cm 2) areal extent cuts out, every 25cm 2sampling area is 1 part of sample;
Step 2: prepared by sample liquid
Be collected 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples are put into the aseptic homogenizing bag of full filter screen filling 200mL sterile saline, 1min ~ 2min is patted with slap type homogenizer, obtain a physiological saline sample liquid, make sample liquid as stoste, sterile saline amount can increase progressively by each 100mL, until energy extracting has the test sample liquid of enough 100mL ~ 120mL; In each sample liquid 30min, extracting detects complete;
Step 3: sample liquid dilutes, filters
The extension rate of pollution condition determination sample liquid per sample, is less than 100 bacterium colonies is advisable can produce after filtering a sterilised membrane filter, often opens filter membrane and gets 100mL diluent and filter;
Step 4: bacteria group culture detects
Take out coliform testing plate, at room temperature place 10min, open coating film, absorption 1ml sterilized water or physiological saline, on testing plate substratum, cover coating film, and normal temperature places 1h, make the complete aquation of testing plate substratum, be 0.45 μm of micropore sterilizing filter membrane edge section with anodontia sterilizing tweezers gripping aperture, by uneven surface upwards, be placed with on sterilized filter bed, fix filter, the sample liquid made is injected filter, opens filter valve, negative 0.5 × 10 5suction filtration under Pa, after sample liquid has been filtered, the more about 5s that bleeds, shut filter valve, take off filter, with sterilizing tweezers gripping filter membrane edge section, move and be placed in coliform testing plate, membrane retention bacterium is towards upper, filter membrane should be adjacent to completely with testing plate, does not leave bubble between the two, then testing plate is put into 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivates 24h ± 2h, the bacterium colony that coliform is turned out in testing plate has following characteristics: red small colonies, has bubble around;
Step 5: result calculates
On direct census microorganism testing slice, the bacterium colony of aerogenesis bubble, reports the result with the coliform number in every square centimeter of sample;
Calculate by formula (1),
Step 6: report the test
If sample stoste testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is 0CFU/cm 2; If 10 times of sample diluting liquid testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is < 10CFU/cm 2; Other selects colony number in testing plate to be less than the testing plate counting of 100CFU, by formula (1) report calculated.
Embodiment three
A method for coliform in rapid detection textiles, comprises the following steps:
Step one: sample collection
Evenly to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities 5 ~ 10 sampling points in the woolen knitwear surrounding of censorship and centre, measure with sterilizing stainless steel ruler, each sampling point presses 5cm × 5cm (25cm 2) areal extent cuts out, every 25cm 2sampling area is 1 part of sample;
Step 2: prepared by sample liquid
Be collected 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples are put into the aseptic homogenizing bag of full filter screen filling 200mL sterile saline, 1min ~ 2min is patted with slap type homogenizer, obtain a physiological saline sample liquid, make sample liquid as stoste, sterile saline amount can increase progressively by each 100mL, until energy extracting has the test sample liquid of enough 100mL ~ 120mL; In each sample liquid 30min, extracting detects complete;
Step 3: sample liquid dilutes, filters
The extension rate of pollution condition determination sample liquid per sample, is less than 100 bacterium colonies is advisable can produce after filtering a sterilised membrane filter, often opens filter membrane and gets 100mL diluent and filter;
Step 4: bacteria group culture detects
Take out coliform testing plate, at room temperature place 10min, open coating film, absorption 1mL sterilized water or physiological saline, on testing plate substratum, cover coating film, and normal temperature places 1h, make the complete aquation of testing plate substratum, be 0.45 μm of micropore sterilizing filter membrane edge section with anodontia sterilizing tweezers gripping aperture, by uneven surface upwards, be placed with on sterilized filter bed, fix filter, the sample liquid made is injected filter, opens filter valve, negative 0.5 × 10 5pa suction filtration, after sample liquid has been filtered, the more about 5s that bleeds, shut filter valve, take off filter, with sterilizing tweezers gripping filter membrane edge section, move and be placed in coliform testing plate, membrane retention bacterium is towards upper, filter membrane should be adjacent to completely with testing plate, does not leave bubble between the two, then testing plate is put into 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivates 24h ± 2h, the bacterium colony that coliform is turned out in testing plate has following characteristics: red small colonies, has bubble around;
Step 5: result calculates
On direct census microorganism testing slice, the bacterium colony of aerogenesis bubble, reports the result with the coliform number in every square centimeter of sample;
Calculate by formula (1),
Step 6: report the test
If sample stoste testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is 0CFU/cm 2; If 10 times of sample diluting liquid testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is < 10CFU/cm 2; Other selects colony number in testing plate to be less than the testing plate counting of 100CFU, by formula (1) report calculated.
Comparative result is tested
10 are made after cultivating with reference culture -6bacteria suspension, every 1mL, containing bacterium number 87CFU, then with this bacteria suspension artificial contamination 10 samples, places after 6 hours and detects.
Result from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2:
Method therefor incubation time of the present invention is 24h, has saved 24h than traditional method; The bacterium colony mean number of rebuilding method gained is 85.9CFU, and be mean number 87CFU relative result be 98.7% relative to contrast bacterium colony, coincidence rate is more than 70%, and therefore rebuilding method result is very accurate; It is all parallel result that this experiment is obtained a result, and show that this rebuilding method is applicable to coliform in textiles and detects, and method is very stable.

Claims (3)

1. the method for coliform in rapid detection textiles, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one: sample collection
Evenly to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities 5 ~ 10 sampling points in the textiles surrounding of censorship and centre, measure with sterilizing stainless steel ruler, according to textiles size, every part textiles gathers 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples altogether; Sampling area by the textiles area expanded in size of censorship or can reduce;
Step 2: prepared by sample liquid
Be collected 5 parts ~ 10 parts samples are put into the aseptic homogenizing bag of full filter screen filling 200mL sterile saline, 1min ~ 2min is patted with slap type homogenizer, obtain a physiological saline sample liquid, make sample liquid as stoste, if test sample absorb water in a large number and cause can not sucking-off enough sample liquid time, sterile saline amount can increase progressively by each 100mL, until energy extracting has the test sample liquid of enough 100mL ~ 120mL; In each sample 30min, extracting detects complete;
Step 3: sample liquid dilutes, filters
Should the extension rate of pollution condition determination sample liquid per sample, be less than 100 bacterium colonies be advisable can produce after filtering a sterilised membrane filter, often open membrane filtration 100mL sample; If sample contamination is serious, sample liquid stoste can be diluted 10 times, get 100mL diluent and filter;
Step 4: bacteria group culture detects
Take out coliform testing plate, at room temperature place 10min, open coating film, absorption 1mL sterilized water or physiological saline are on testing plate substratum, cover coating film, normal temperature places 1h, make the complete aquation of testing plate substratum, be 0.45 μm of micropore sterilizing filter membrane edge section with anodontia sterilizing tweezers gripping aperture, by uneven surface upwards, be placed with on sterilized filter bed, fix filter, the sample liquid made is injected filter, open filter valve, suction filtration under negative 0.5 normal atmosphere, after sample liquid has been filtered, bleed about 5s again, shut filter valve, take off filter, with sterilizing tweezers gripping filter membrane edge section, move and be placed in coliform testing plate, membrane retention bacterium is towards upper, filter membrane should be adjacent to completely with testing plate, do not leave bubble between the two, then testing plate is put into 36 DEG C ± 1 DEG C incubator and cultivate 24h ± 2h, the bacterium colony that coliform is turned out in testing plate has following characteristics: red small colonies, there is bubble around,
Step 5: result calculates
The bacterium colony of aerogenesis bubble on direct census microorganism testing slice, report the result with the coliform number in every square centimeter of sample:
Calculate by formula (1),
Step 6: report the test
If sample stoste testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is 0 CFU/cm 2; If 10 times of sample diluting liquid testing plate grown without bacterium colony, report the test is < 10 CFU/cm 2; Other selects colony number in testing plate to be less than the testing plate counting of 100 CFU, by formula (1) report calculated.
2. the method for coliform in a kind of rapid detection textiles according to claim 1, to is characterized in that in step one that sample gathers each sampling point and cuts out by 5cm × 5cm areal extent, every 25cm 2sampling area is 1 part of sample.
3. the method for coliform in a kind of rapid detection textiles according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 4, flora separation detection adopts filter membrane method.
CN201510150109.8A 2015-04-01 2015-04-01 Method for quickly detecting coliform groups in textile Pending CN104789637A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN112695065A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-23 陕西唐王天洋制药有限公司 Test method for rapidly detecting escherichia coli
CN112760357A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-05-07 宁波普洛赛斯检测科技有限公司 Method for detecting microorganisms in swimming pool water
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Application publication date: 20150722