CN101297048B - 利用激光硬化处理生产滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法 - Google Patents

利用激光硬化处理生产滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法 Download PDF

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CN101297048B
CN101297048B CN2006800398991A CN200680039899A CN101297048B CN 101297048 B CN101297048 B CN 101297048B CN 2006800398991 A CN2006800398991 A CN 2006800398991A CN 200680039899 A CN200680039899 A CN 200680039899A CN 101297048 B CN101297048 B CN 101297048B
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ring
slip ring
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cast iron
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CN101297048A (zh
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弗朗茨·京特·坎通
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Federal Mogul Burscheid GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3496—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member use of special materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49297—Seal or packing making

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

用于生产可用于滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法，即：以铸造技术由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料制造滑环和/或对环，至少在随后的密封区域中进行机械加工，并然后使各个密封区域的表面经受激光硬化处理。优选地使用含有片状石墨的铸铁，具有组成成分(％)：C：3.4-3.9，Si：2.2-3.2，Mn：0.5-1，Cr：0.1-0.4，V：最大0.15，Cu：0.1-0.7，P：0.3-0.6，S：最大0.13，其它组成成分Fe以及不可避免的杂质。

Description

利用激光硬化处理生产滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产可用于滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法。
背景技术
滑环密封件由不同的硬铸造材料、镍铸材料、钢材或钢板制成。这些材料根据应用的具体情况和供货商来被使用。迄今为止，硬浇铸材料或具有可比性的材料在密封面上的可控的圆周速度的极限值最高为10m/s。
US-A 4,094,514公布了一种生产可用于滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的具有较好耐磨性的合金。该合金由下列组成成分组成：
C   3.10-3.35％
Mn  最大1.0％
Si  约0.75至约1.40％
Cr  约16.5至约19.0％
V   约0.75至约2.0％
Mo  约2.5至约4.0％
Co  约0.25至约1.25％
W   约1.75至约3.0％
P   ＜0.04％
S   ＜0.04％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质
JP-A 60200950公布了一种密封表面具有高耐磨性的滑环密封件。给出下列化学组成成分：
C  2.2至3.8％
Si 2.0至4.0％
Mn 0.4至2.0％
Cu 0.5至4.0％
Ni ≤4.0％
Cr，Ti，W，V 0.3至1.3％
Mo 0.3至1.5％(只要需要)
P ≤0.5％
S ≤0.2％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质
为了产生既定的表面构造，密封面被进行再熔和冷却处理。
RU-C12152550中也描述了滑环密封件及其生产方法。在此，滑环和/或对环的密封面应该，从径向上看，具有较大和较小硬度的区域。在密封区域中的较高硬度的部分通过表面硬化或者相应的合金化，必要情况下与激光辐射结合，而形成。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，建议一种方法及一种材料，使滑环密封件的应用范围也可以在较高圆周速度(＞10m/s)范围内。
此任务通过用于生产可用于滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法而得到解决，即：以铸造技术由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料制造滑环和/或对环，至少在随后的密封区域中进行机械加工，并然后使各个密封区域的表面经受激光硬化处理。
各个使用的具有高热传导性能的滑环和/或对环的优选化学组成成分如下给出：
C  3.4至3.9％
Si 2.2至3.2％
Mn 0.5至1.0％
Cr 0.1至0.4％
V  最大0.15％
Cu 0.1至0.7％
P  0.3至0.6％
S  最大0.13％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
此任务还通过滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环得到解决，包括：由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料而构成的、在横断面上大约呈角状的基体，所述基体具有基本上在径向平面内分布的密封区域，其中，至少所述密封区域配备有经激光硬化处理的表面。
优选地，滑环和/或对环应该可以作为密封件应用于传动机构密封件领域。
根据本发明的另一个想法，滑环和/或对环应该能够应用于汽车小齿轮轴领域，尤其是在圆周速度在20至35m/s范围内时。所使用的灰口铸铁材料具备很好的热传导性能。这一点很重要，以便其尽可能快地将因高圆周速度而产生的高摩擦热能传递给润滑/冷却介质。结果，根据本发明的密封区域表面的激光硬化处理除了可以在传动机构密封件中达到圆周速度的优化提高之外，还可以达到经激光硬化处理的表面的明显的磨损提高
Figure GA20191496200680039899101D00031
尝试，比如以小齿轮轴密封，允许至少25m/s的圆周速度，而且不会发生磨蚀。
利用铸造技术而制造的金属滑环和/或对环可以简单地生产，因为材料可以在商业上很常见的机床上，比如通过车削，进行机械加工。用于激光硬化处理的装置允许通过简单的调整可能性来实现滑环和/或对环的不同直径的硬化处理。
根据本发明的密封区域的表面激光硬化处理也取消了目前为止使用的涂层处理，所述涂层处理具有在滑环密封件运行状态下伴随出现的高材料损耗。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的根据实施例在附图中示出并描述如下。唯一的附图显示未进一步示出的滑环密封件的滑环或对环1。滑环或对环1由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料构成，并例如具有如下的组成成分(用质量百分比表示)：
C  3.65％
Si 2.55％
Mn 0.8％
Cr 0.25％
V  0.10％
Cu 0.45％
P  0.35％
S  0.08％
余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质
元件支撑范围内的类似的组成成分自然是可以想象的。
滑环包括约呈角状的横断面，并除了外周面2和内周面3之外具有密封区域4。在铸造过程之后，密封区域4至少经受机械加工。为了达到使用领域，比如作为圆周速度在30m/s范围内的传动机构密封件，密封区域4通过使用激光工具5来经受表面硬化处理。

Claims (5)

1.用于生产可用于滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环(1)的方法，即：滑环和/或对环(1)以铸造技术由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料制成；至少在随后的密封区域(4)中进行机械加工，并然后使所述各个密封区域(4)经受表面激光硬化处理，其特征在于，滑环和/或对环(1)由含有片状石墨的非合金的、未进行回火处理的铸铁以铸造技术制成，具有如下的化学组成成分(用质量百分比表示)：
C     3.4至3.9％
Si    2.2至3.2％
Mn    0.5至1.0％
Cr    0.1至0.4％
V     最大0.15％
Cu    0.1至0.7％
P     0.3至0.6％
S    最大0.13％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
2.滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环，包括由高热传导性的灰口铸铁材料构成的、在横断面上约呈角状的基体，所述基体具有基本上在径向平面内分布的密封区域(4)，其中，至少所述密封区域(4)配备有经激光硬化处理的表面，
其特征在于，所述滑环和/或对环(1)由含有片状石墨的非合金的、未进行回火处理的铸铁以铸造技术制成，且所述滑环和/或对环具有如下的化学组成成分(用质量百分比表示)：
C     3.4至3.9％
Si    2.2至3.2％
Mn    0.5至1.0％
Cr    0.1至0.4％
V     最大0.15％
Cu   0.1至0.7％
P    0.3至0.6％
S    最大0.13％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滑环和/或对环，可以作为密封元件应用于传动机构密封件领域。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的滑环和/或对环，其可以应用于汽车小齿轮轴领域。
5.根据权利要求4所述的滑环和/或对环，其在圆周速度在20至35m/s范围内时使用。
CN2006800398991A 2005-11-17 2006-09-22 利用激光硬化处理生产滑环密封件的滑环和/或对环的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101297048B (zh)

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PCT/DE2006/001691 WO2007056967A1 (de) 2005-11-17 2006-09-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von gleit- und/oder gegenringen einer gleitringdichtung mittels laserhärten

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CN101297048A (zh) 2008-10-29
DE102005054709A1 (de) 2007-05-31

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