CN101293476A - 具有反转发动机的混合动力系统和控制方法 - Google Patents

具有反转发动机的混合动力系统和控制方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101293476A
CN101293476A CNA2008100929563A CN200810092956A CN101293476A CN 101293476 A CN101293476 A CN 101293476A CN A2008100929563 A CNA2008100929563 A CN A2008100929563A CN 200810092956 A CN200810092956 A CN 200810092956A CN 101293476 A CN101293476 A CN 101293476A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
valve
bent axle
party
rotates
camshaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2008100929563A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101293476B (zh
Inventor
M·A·瑟奥鲍德
R·B·拉斯克
M·拉哈文
P·M·纳特
A·G·霍尔姆斯
N·K·布克诺尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Original Assignee
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Publication of CN101293476A publication Critical patent/CN101293476A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101293476B publication Critical patent/CN101293476B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/022—Chain drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/02—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for reversing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/441—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/081—Speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/032—Electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/102—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/104—Power split variators with one end of the CVT connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/106—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/201—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with three sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2041—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with four engaging means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种动力系统，具有可在反向方向上工作的发动机，从而可以通过电可变变速器提供反向模式，而不需要依赖纯电力或串联电力操作，并且也不需要增加专用的反向齿轮。还提供了一种控制这种动力系统的方法。

Description

具有反转发动机的混合动力系统和控制方法
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及一种具有发动机和电可变变速器的动力系统，其中发动机的曲轴可以被控制在两个不同方向上旋转，以及一种控制动力系统的方法。
背景技术
[0002]混合自动动力系统典型地使用纯电力或串联电力操作而在变速器输出部件上提供反向扭矩。纯电力操作使用电池为电动机供能，该电动机被控制以在一个方向上转动变速器部件例如齿轮，从而使得该输出部件反向旋转。在串联电力操作中，发动机动力使得一个电动机作为发电机工作以便为第二电动机提供电能，从而该第二电动机在一个方向上驱动变速器部件以便在该输出部件上提供反向旋转。因此，在这两种动力系统中，车辆倒退性能，特别是在陡坡和高温或低温下的长距离的情况下，都会受到电池或电动机工作的限制。使用该发动机而不是电动机动力以固定比率模式或电可变模式提供反转，典型地需要增加专用于该反转模式中的一个或多个齿轮，从而增加了变速器的长度，并且由于离合器分离不彻底和旋转损失而降低了效率。
发明内容
[0003]提供一种具有可以反向运转的发动机的动力系统，从而通过电可变变速器提供反转模式而不依赖于纯电力或串联电力操作，并且不需要增加专用反向齿轮。
[0004]特别地，提供一种动力系统，其包括具有可在第一方向和第二方向上旋转的曲轴的发动机。一个控制器被配置成控制该曲轴的方向。该动力系统还包括电可变变速器，该电可变变速器具有可操作地与该曲轴连接的输入部件例如输入轴，和用于提供驱动扭矩的输出部件例如输出轴。当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时，该输出轴在正向方向上旋转，并且当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时，该输出轴在反向方向上旋转。因而，选择性地提供了正向和反向扭矩。
[0005]更特别地，该发动机可以包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块，并且对于每个汽缸分别包括进气阀和排气阀。这些阀门可以打开和关闭以便允许汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴在第一方向上旋转。
[0006]该电可变变速器可以包括变速器齿轮传动装置，其特征在于没有反向齿轮。输入轴可操作地与发动机曲轴连接以便从曲轴向变速器输入轴传递扭矩并最终传递给输出轴，当曲轴在第一方向上旋转时该输出轴在正向方向上旋转。
[0007]控制器被配置成选择性地改变发动机曲轴的方向，从而使得发动机曲轴在第二方向上旋转，进而使得变速器输出轴在反向方向上旋转。因而，发动机曲轴的旋转方向决定了在变速器输出轴上提供正向或反向扭矩，而不论该曲轴的旋转方向为何，从变速器输入部件向变速器输出部件的动力流动路径都是相同的。如这里所使用的，“动力流动路径”被定义为电可变变速器中动力从输入部件向输出部件流动(即带有扭矩)所经过的部件(即轴和齿轮)。该发动机可以被称为“反转发动机”，因为它可以被控制以在两个方向上提供曲轴旋转，其对应于变速器输出部件在正向方向和反向方向上的旋转。
[0008]该电可变变速器还包括可操作地连接到变速器齿轮传动装置的电动机/发电机。能量存储设备例如电池可操作地连接到该电动机/发电机以便为其提供动力或者从其接收动力，从而改变变速器输出轴的旋转速度。
[0009]优选地，该电可变变速器可以被该控制器控制以便选择性地提供固定比率工作模式和电可变工作模式。当曲轴在第一方向上旋转或者在第二方向上旋转时，这些模式中的任一个可以被选择(例如，在正向驱动和反向驱动中都可以使用固定比率工作模式和电可变工作模式)。如这里所使用的，“模式”是一种特定的工作状态，包括一个连续范围的速度比或者仅包括一个固定速度比，通过一个或多个特定扭矩传递机构啮合而获得。因为该变速器输出部件的旋转方向是由曲轴的旋转方向决定而不是使用任何反向齿轮，所以对于正向模式可以使用与反向模式相同的经过该电可变变速器的动力流动路径。
[0010]提供了能够使得曲轴在第二方向上旋转以提供反向扭矩的各个替代实施例。在一个实施例中，使用了高权限的电驱动凸轮相位器来调整进气和排气阀操作的顺序以提供反向操作。特别地，该进气阀可操作地连接到第一顶置凸轮轴，该第一顶置凸轮轴使其打开和关闭，排气阀可操作地连接到第二顶置凸轮轴，该第二顶置凸轮轴使该排气阀打开和关闭。每个凸轮轴有一个对应的电驱动凸轮相位器可操作地与其连接，并且该凸轮相位器可用于相对于曲轴而改变该顶置凸轮轴的相位。该每个凸轮相位器具有至少180度曲柄角、90度凸轮角的定相权限，从而使得曲轴可以响应于该凸轮相位器而在第一或第二方向上旋转，同时伴随着通过进气和排气管道的正确气体流动。
[0011]在另一替代实施例中，使用凸轮切换机构来反转进气阀和排气阀操作的顺序。特别地，该可操作地连接到进气阀的第一顶置凸轮轴和可操作地连接到排气阀的第二顶置凸轮轴每个都具有用于与各自的阀门对应的正向凸轮叶片和反向凸轮叶片。该凸轮切换机构被控制以选择性地分别将正向和反向凸轮叶片与阀门连接，以便控制曲轴在第一方向或第二方向旋转，从而分别在变速器输出轴提供正向或反向驱动扭矩。
[0012]另一个具有顶置凸轮轴的发动机的实施例是为每个阀门分别提供了一个三维凸轮。该三维凸轮同时具有正向和反向凸轮轮廓。一个或多个传动器轴向平移每个凸轮轴以通过控制器的控制而使得该三维凸轮在正向和反向凸轮轮廓之间变换，从而根据在变速器输出轴所预期的正向或反向扭矩而分别在第一或第二方向上提供曲轴旋转。
[0013]另一实施例使用了一种无凸轮阀门传动系统，其中该控制器选择性打开和关闭该阀门以便响应于该无凸轮阀门传动系统而使得曲轴在第一和第二方向上旋转。如本领域普通技术人员所知的，该无凸轮阀门传动系统可以是电-液压或电磁类型。
[0014]通过使用这些实施例中的任何一个来调整该进气阀和排气阀操作的顺序，可以使用该混合变速器电动机重新启动发动机，并且该阀门被控制成响应于变速器输出轴的反向扭矩而使得曲轴在第二方向上旋转。该变速器被控制以建立在正向方向上可用的相同的电可变和优选为固定比率的工作模式，但是在变速器输出轴上具有反向扭矩。
[0015]在一个具有电可变变速器的动力系统中，典型地通过专用电动机或者该电可变变速器的一个电动机/发电机来电驱动发动机配件。然而一些配件例如用于油和冷却液流动的发动机泵典型地是由发动机曲轴或凸轮轴驱动的。因此，提供了用于确保曲轴驱动的配件和泵正确旋转的替代实施例，以确保即使曲轴在第二方向上旋转时也能正确旋转。例如，一个辅助设备例如双驱动空调压缩机，可以由发动机曲轴通过可不间断旋转的设备例如链条或皮带来驱动。在这种实施例中，该控制器被配置成控制该动力系统以使得当曲轴在第一方向上旋转时发动机通过该不停旋转的设备驱动该配件设备，而当曲轴由于进气阀和排气阀操作的变化而在第二方向上旋转时，通过可操作地连接到该配件设备的电动机驱动该配件设备。
[0016]此外，可以提供一种结构以确保曲轴驱动的泵例如用于油和冷却液流动的发动机泵能够保持预定的流动，而不管曲轴的旋转方向为何。因而，这种泵可操作地与控制器连接并且与曲轴驱动连接，用于当曲轴在第一方向上旋转时提供预定的流体流动，还可以当曲轴在第二方向上旋转时提供预定的流体流动。这是通过为曲轴和该可操作地连接到控制器的泵之间的流体连通提供一个电驱动反向阀来实现的。该控制器被配置成当曲轴在第二方向上旋转时启动该电驱动反向阀。
[0017]可选地，对于由发动机曲轴通过辅助驱动系统驱动的配件来说，可以不考虑发动机曲轴的旋转方向而利用发动机驱动，这是通过提供一个旋转部件例如齿轮或链齿来实现的，当曲轴在第二方向上旋转时，该旋转部件可以通过控制器选择性地与该辅助驱动系统啮合以改变辅助驱动系统的旋转方向，从而以与发动机曲轴在第一方向上旋转时相同的预定方向驱动该配件。
[0018]与上述任何一个动力系统实施例相关联有一种控制该动力系统的方法。特别地，控制器被配置成通过接收在正向方向或反向方向上旋转输出轴的请求来执行该方法。该请求可以与在正向驱动模式和反向驱动模式之间调节选择器的车辆驾驶者相关。通过这种方法，如果该接收的请求是使输出轴在正向方向上旋转，那么根据与曲轴旋转相关的第一预定相位提升发动机的进气阀和排气阀，从而使得曲轴在第一方向上旋转，相应地，输出部件在正向方向上旋转。相反，如果该接收的请求是使输出轴在反向方向上旋转，那么该方法包括根据与曲轴旋转相关的第二预定相位提升发动机的进气阀和排气阀。该第二预定相位基本上与第一预定相位相反，从而使得曲轴在第二方向上旋转，相应地，输出部件在反向方向上旋转。当阀门根据第一相位而提升时经过该变速器的动力流动路径与阀门根据第二相位提升时相同。
[0019]取决于该使得进气阀和排气阀提升的结构，该方法中的提升步骤包括启动可操作地连接到该阀门的凸轮相位器，分别将不同的凸轮轮廓与每个阀门啮合，或者通过各个不同的凸轮轮廓轴向移动凸轮轴，如有关上述各个实施例所述。
[0020]通过以下对执行本发明的最佳模式的详细说明并结合附图，将很容易理解本发明的上述特征和优点以及其他特征。
附图说明
[0021]图1是在本发明范围内的动力系统的示意图；
[0022]图2是示出了用于图1的动力系统的各个工作模式的离合器接合规则和电动机工作状态；
[0023]图3是用于图1的动力系统的发动机和控制器的一个实施例；
[0024]图4A是示出了用于图3的发动机的正向操作的发动机阀门提升与时间的曲线图；
[0025]图4B是示出了用于图3的发动机的反向操作的发动机阀门提升与时间的曲线图；
[0026]图5是用于图1的动力系统的发动机和控制器的第二替代实施例；
[0027]图6A是用于图1的动力系统的发动机和控制器的第三替代实施例；
[0028]图6B是用于图6A的发动机的凸轮轴、凸轮切换机构和阀门的局部顶视图；
[0029]图7A是用于图1的动力系统的发动机和控制器的第四替代实施例；
[0030]图7B是用于图7A的发动机的凸轮轴的一部分的部分局部侧视图；
[0031]图8是可选地用于图1的动力系统的发动机驱动泵和反向阀门的示意图；
[0032]图9是具有反转设备的皮带或链条驱动辅助驱动器；和
[0033]图10是用于图1的动力系统的发动机的示意图，其中包括具有反向齿轮的齿轮驱动配件设备，当发动机曲轴在反向方向上旋转时该反向齿轮选择性啮合以运转配件。
具体实施方式
[0034]参照附图，其中相似的参考数字表示相似的部件，图1示出了动力系统10，其具有可操作地连接到电可变变速器14的发动机12。发动机12可以被控制以通过改变发动机曲轴18的旋转方向而在变速器14的输出部件16(这里也称为输出轴)提供反向扭矩，如下所述。这就使得可以通过使用发动机来提供反向扭矩，而不需要在电可变变速器中添加任何额外的齿轮(即任何仅用于反向工作模式的专用齿轮，这里称为“反向齿轮”)，也不需要通过变速器14中包含的电动机-发电机20A和20B来电提供该反向扭矩。因而，该反向扭矩不会受该电动机/发电机可用电功率的限制。
[0035]曲轴18通过扭矩传递设备22可操作地与变速器14的输入部件21连接以旋转。该电可变变速器14包括变速器齿轮传动装置23，其使用三个行星齿轮组24、26和28来使得输入部件21、输出部件16和电动机/发电机20A、20B互相连接以建立从输入部件21到输出部件16的各条动力流动路径，这取决于各个扭矩传递机构即制动器C1、离合器C2、制动器C3和离合器C4中的哪一个被接合以及该电动机/发电机20A、20B是否分别作为电动机或发电机工作。行星齿轮组24包括环形齿轮部件30、太阳齿轮部件32和旋转支撑行星齿轮34的承载部件36，该行星齿轮34同时与环形齿轮部件30和太阳齿轮部件32相互啮合。行星齿轮组26包括环形齿轮部件38、太阳齿轮部件40和旋转支撑行星齿轮42的承载部件44，该行星齿轮42同时与太阳齿轮部件40和环形齿轮部件38相互啮合。行星齿轮组28包括环形齿轮部件46、太阳齿轮部件48和旋转支撑行星齿轮50的承载部件52，该行星齿轮50同时与太阳齿轮部件48和环形齿轮部件46相互啮合。互连部件54连续地将太阳齿轮部件32与环形齿轮部件38以及与电动机/发电机20A互相连接互连部件60连续地将承载部件36与承载部件44互相连接，并且通过接合离合器C2而选择性地将其与承载部件52连接。
[0036]如本领域普通技术人员将会很容易理解的，控制器25可操作地连接到与电动机/发电机20A、20B以及连接到能量存储设备27例如电池，以便选择性地将从能量存储设备27传递到该与电动机/发电机或者反之，并且控制每个与电动机/发电机各自的旋转方向。当动力系统10被用于陆上车辆时，该变速器输出部件16可以连接到车辆轮轴(未示出)，相应地，其末端可以是驱动部件(也未示出)。该驱动部件可以是在其上应用它们的车辆前轮或后轮，或者它们可以是轨道车辆的驱动齿轮。
[0037]驱动齿轮29可以在输入部件21上提供。如图所示，驱动齿轮29将输入部件21固定连接到第一行星齿轮组24的外部齿轮部件，并且该驱动齿轮29因而从发动机12和/或电动机/发电机20A和/或20B接收。驱动齿轮29能够可操作地连接到变速器泵或动力输出单元以驱动各个车辆配件，如下面将要结合图8-10解释的。
[0038]图2是示出了用于为动力系统10提供各个正向工作模式的扭矩传递机构接合规则和电动机/发电机的工作状态的图表。提供了两个电可变模式(发动/EVT模式1和EVT模式2)以及四个固定比率模式(图2中表示为第一、第二、第三和第四)。对于每个模式，列出了接合的扭矩传递机构，并且表示出了电动机/发电机20A和20B中的哪一个或者两个被控制作为电动机(表示为M)或者发电机(表示为G)工作。在该表中给出的这些模式中的每一个中，发动机12还被控制器25控制以使得曲轴18在第一方向上旋转，其可以是顺时针方向。通过控制发动机12以使得曲轴18在第一方向上旋转，以及通过控制所示出的扭矩传递机构和电动机/发电机，所得到的所有显示模式都会使得输出部件16在正向方向上旋转(即对应于所连接的驱动轮的正向旋转的方向)。
[0039]例如，通过接合扭矩传递机构22、制动器C1并且使电动机/发电机20A作为电动机工作而提供在表中表示为“发动/EVT模式1”的电可变工作模式。
[0040]在第一个工作模式中，当控制器25判断驾驶者希望从静止状态向前移动并且加速时，扭矩传递设备22被接合以使得发动机12可操作地连接到电可变变速器14，并且当车辆在下文中将要更完整说明的一个速度范围内向前移动时，扭矩传递设备22持续工作。扭矩传递设备C2不工作并且保持分离。扭矩传递设备C1被接合。在这种状态下，发动机12向第一行星齿轮组24的环形齿轮部件30施加驱动动力，以使得该环形齿轮部件30与输入部件21一致旋转(并从而与发动机12一致旋转)。该第一电动机/发电机20A在相同方向上同步旋转第一行星齿轮组24的太阳齿轮部件32和第二行星齿轮组26的环形齿轮部件38，从而在该相同的方向上驱动承载部件36，从而使得第二行星齿轮组26的太阳齿轮部件40旋转。
[0041]第二电动机/发电机20B在第一模式期间作为电动机工作，同样，电动机/发电机20被在该方向上驱动套轴66，从而旋转第三行星齿轮组28的太阳齿轮部件48以使得第三行星齿轮组28的行星齿轮50相对于第三行星齿轮组28的环形齿轮部件46旋转。该环形齿轮部件46通过接地而固定，从而使得承载部件52在车辆向前移动所需的方向上驱动输出部件16。
[0042]由第二电动机/发电机20B作为电动机工作而引起的套轴66旋转还使得第二行星齿轮组26的太阳齿轮部件40旋转。由于扭矩传递设备C2保持分离，所以该第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26的承载部件36和44分别是自由旋转的，但是由于该两个承载部件36和44是复合的，所以其旋转是一致的。因此，由发动机14引起的第一行星齿轮组24的环形齿轮部件30的旋转和由第二电动机/发电机20B引起的太阳齿轮部件40的旋转，使得第一行星齿轮组24的太阳齿轮部件32和相关联的第二行星齿轮组26的环形齿轮部件38以该方向和速度驱动该第一电动机/发电机20A，这就使得该第一电动机/发电机20A至少在最初作为发电机工作。
[0043]因此，在第一发动/EVT模式1中，流经变速器14的动力路径包括输入部件21、环形齿轮部件30、太阳齿轮部件32(与作为发电机工作的电动机/发电机20A相连接)、环形齿轮部件38、承载部件36、太阳齿轮部件40(与作为电动机工作的电动机/发电机20B相连接)、套轴66、太阳齿轮部件48、行星齿轮50、环形齿轮部件46、承载部件52和输出部件16。
[0044]在变速器14中，固定比率模式和电可变模式都被用于提高性能或效率。以发动/EVT模式1开始，第一电动机/发电机20A作为发电机工作直到大约7MPH。在大约7MPH时，被称为闭锁离合器扭矩传递机构C4被接合，同时制动器C1保持接合。在这种配置下，以行星齿轮组28所限定的第一固定比率接合变速器14，如图2中的表所示。当离合器C4被接合时，该两个齿轮组24、26和电动机/发电机20A、20B以该输入速度旋转，并且与太阳齿轮部件48连接，同时离合器C1也被接合，其中由行星齿轮组28提供的速度减少而扭矩增加。所有动力都通过该行星齿轮组机械传递。电动机/发电机20A、20B中不提供扭矩，也就没有电力损失，从而提供了更高效率的工作，然而，随着全部扭矩被应用到电动机/发电机20A、20B上，可以实现性能的显著增加。随着两个电动机被闭锁离合器C4锁在一起，它们还可以平等分享任何再生动力，从而产生更高的制动性能和改进的冷却。由于闭锁离合器C4锁住了行星齿轮组24和26，所以仅有行星齿轮组28是活动的。如果动力分配操作所需的动力流超过了该电动机/发电机20A、20B所能承受的限度，扭矩传递设备C4的接合还可以保护电动机/发电机20A、20B。因此，如果车辆在拖拉或搬运土坡，那么电动机/发电机20A、20B将被保护。
[0045]在正常操作中，在低速时仅接合离合器C1，但是如果要求最大的动力，那么还会接合闭锁离合器C4。可以利用离合器C4启动电动机/发电机20A、20B以获得最大可用马力，并且可以减少电动机/发电机20A、20B的动力以降低工作温度。离合器C4还提供了使发动机12以及电动机/发电机20A、20B这三者同时推进车辆以获得最大加速的性能。
[0046]因此，在第一固定比率模式中，通过变速器14的动力路径包括输入部件21、被锁定以在相同速度旋转的行星齿轮组24和26、太阳齿轮部件48、行星齿轮50、承载部件52和输出部件16。
[0047]在大约40MPH，闭锁离合器C4被分离。然后，电动机/发电机20B作为电动机工作，电动机/发电机20A作为发电机工作，直到一个机械点，这时电动机/发电机20A停止。然后电动机/发电机20A反转方向并且作为电动机工作。然后离合器C2在大约57MPH接合，随着离合器C1和C2被接合，就实现了第二固定比率。全部三个齿轮组24、26、28都是活动的。电动机/发电机20A、20B在离合器C1和C2接合期间关闭以实现全部机械操作。在第二固定比率期间，电动机20A、20B可以靠惯性滑行，不存在任何扭矩。在大约70MPH，离合器C1被分离，离合器C2保持接合以实现高效的第二工作模式，即EVT模式2。
[0048]从第二固定比率到EVT工作模式2的转换是通过分离扭矩传递机构C1和连续应用扭矩传递设备C2来实现的。类似于前述与固定比率交叠的EVT模式1，由于受到内部和发动机速度限制而决定了EVT模式2与图2的真值表中的固定比率交叠。在EVT工作模式2的开始，第一电动机/发电机20A从靠惯性滑行或作为电动机工作转换为作为发电机工作，然而这会受到行星齿轮比率选择的影响。在变速器14在EVT模式2中工作期间，第一电动机/发电机20A继续作为发电机工作，同时车辆获得了大约70MPH到88MPH的速度。在大约88MPH，当经过一个机械点时，第一电动机/发电机20A从作为发电机工作变回作为电动机工作，其中电动机/发电机20A具有零旋转速度。然后，电动机/发电机20A继续作为电动机工作。
[0049]在EVT工作模式2的开始，第二电动机/发电机20B继续作为电动机工作。实际上，第二电动机/发电机20B作为电动机工作直到车辆达到大约88MPH的速度，在这一点它转换为作为发电机工作，并且之后继续作为发电机工作。
[0050]在前述变速器14的配置下，并且在内部和外部齿轮部件上具有了前述数量的齿，变速器14就可以在EVT模式2工作的同时提供两个机械点。也就是说，第一电动机/发电机20A在大约88MPH时具有零旋转速度。此外，电动机/发电机20B在大约208MPH时具有零旋转速度。从而，变速器14在EVT工作模式2中提供了两个机械点。
[0051]如图2的固定比率表所示，第三和第四固定比率是可用的。第三固定比率可以通过同时接合离合器C2和C4来实现，这样就将所有齿轮组锁定为1∶1的比率，从而使得输出部件16以与输入部件21相同的速度旋转。如图2的固定比率表所示，第四固定比率可以通过同时接合离合器C2和C3来实现。在第四固定比率中，第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26是活动的，电动机/发电机20A、20B可以在没有扭矩的情况下靠惯性滑行。
[0052]因此，变速器14提供了三个机械点和四个可用的固定比率，从而减小了电动机/发电机中的电力损失，同时通过闭锁离合器C4而在EVT模式1中快速提供了最大动力。用于第一、第二、第三和第四固定比率模式的示例性数值3.7、1.7、1.0和0.74是这样获得的，通过使用第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26中每个的具有65个齿的环形齿轮部件30和38，以及第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26中每个的具有33个齿的太阳齿轮部件32和40，第三行星齿轮组28的具有94个齿的环形齿轮部件46，以及第三行星齿轮组28的具有34个齿的太阳齿轮部件48。
[0053]本领域普通技术人员很容易就能够确定在第二、第三和第四固定比率模式期间建立的经过变速器14的动力流动路径。
[0054]如果发动机12不能被控制以使得曲轴18在第二即逆时针方向上旋转，那么可以这样提供反转模式，即通过使控制器25操作第二电动机/发电机20B作为电动机工作，但是反转其旋转方向，其中第二电动机/发电机20B在该方向上旋转以启动第一模式即电可变工作模式，EVT模式1。
[0055]如上所述，依赖于第二电动机/发电机20B来执行反转模式将该反转操作限制为可用的电池能量和电动机扭矩。因此，代替地，通过使用相同的动力流动路径、相同的离合器、部件，并且电动机/发电机以相同方式工作，但是以相反的方向旋转，从而使得输出部件16在反转方向上旋转，这样，各种控制发动机12以使曲轴18在第二方向上旋转的方法就可以实现图2中所列出的相同工作模式。
[0056]参照图3，动力系统10的一部分显示了发动机12的一个实施例的更详细视图。发动机12包括发动机模块70，发动机模块70具有在其中形成或提供的汽缸72。进气阀73和排气阀74可操作地连接到每个汽缸72，并且可以打开和关闭以使得汽缸72内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴18旋转。本领域普通技术人员很容易理解通过节流阀75和进气通道(未示出)将进入的空气引入以与进气阀73流体连通。此外，通过电燃料供给泵(未示出)向汽缸72供给燃料。该汽缸中的燃料被点燃以燃烧，驱动汽缸内可操作地连接到曲轴18的活塞，从而旋转发动机曲轴18，如本领域普通技术人员所知的。排气阀74打开以通过排气通道69排出该燃烧的气体。可以在进气端口为该阀门提供与控制器25进行信号通信的传感器，从而在该排出的空气流中，控制器25能够调节空气燃料混合物和发动机12。
[0057]第一顶置凸轮轴76通过凸轮叶片可操作地与进气阀73连接，并且旋转以使得进气阀73交替打开和关闭。类似地，第二顶置凸轮轴77可操作地与进气阀73连接，提供有凸轮叶片，并且旋转以使得排气阀74交替打开和关闭。高权限的电驱动进气凸轮相位器78A可操作地连接到顶置凸轮轴76以控制凸轮轴76相对于曲轴18的相位。类似地，高权限的电驱动进气凸轮相位器78B可操作地连接到第二顶置凸轮轴77以控制凸轮轴77相对于曲轴18的相位。凸轮相位器78A和78B每个都是“高权限”的，这里将其定义为具有不小于180度曲轴角、90度凸轮角的相位权限。相位权限是该凸轮相位器能够控制凸轮轴旋转的范围。凸轮相位器78A和78B可操作地连接到控制器25。控制器25的输入请求信号79被控制器25处理以确定进气阀73和排气阀74相对于曲轴18的预期相位。该输入请求信号79(即输入信号)可以由传感器和传动器信号，该传感器和传动器信号对应于一个关于正向方向或反向方向上的驱动扭矩的驾驶者请求，该请求例如可以通过操作油门踏板或手动齿轮调节设备来提供。利用相位器78A、78B提供的高权限定相，当该输入请求信号79是请求在正向驱动方向上旋转图1的变速器输出部件16时，控制器25可以处理进气和排气凸轮相位器78A和78B的第一预定相位。这就使得曲轴18在如图3中的箭头所示的第一方向上(表示为顺时针方向)旋转。替代地，如果该输入请求信号79是请求在反向方向上旋转输出部件16，控制器25可以向凸轮相位器78A和78B分别发送控制信号80A、80B以实现凸轮轴76和77的第二预定相位，从而能够根据该第二预定相位提升该进气阀73和排气阀74。这就使得曲轴18在第二方向上(例如逆时针方向)旋转。不论曲轴18的旋转方向为何，连接到其的电可变变速器14(图1所示)都可以被控制以实现相同的图2所示的模式，而不管曲轴是否在第一方向或第二方向上旋转。
[0058]电驱动凸轮相位器的一个例子包括电动机驱动的涡轮传动器，其可以通过行星齿轮组改变凸轮轴相对于曲轴的相位。该涡轮传动器包括由螺杆驱动旋转的涡轮，该螺杆由该电动机驱动。该行星齿轮组包括与该涡轮连接以旋转的太阳齿轮部件，与该凸轮轴连接以旋转的承载部件，以及环形齿轮部件，该环形齿轮部件通过承载在曲轴上的驱动轮、承载在该环形齿轮部件上的驱动轮和连接该驱动轮的链条而可操作地连接到曲轴。该涡轮通过传动器轴连接到该太阳齿轮以在该涡轮和太阳齿轮部件之间提供驱动连接。为了在发动机工作时改变该凸轮轴关于曲轴的相对相位，通过用一个外部控制器对该电动机供能而在预期方向上旋转该电动机。该电动机的旋转使得该螺杆旋转，进而使得该涡轮围绕其轴振荡，从而更新或改变该行星齿轮组中的太阳齿轮部件的旋转位置。这种改变引起了该行星承载部件在该驱动轮内的相对旋转，从而旋转曲轴并且改变了其相对于驱动轮以及直接相连的曲轴的相位。该电动机可以在正向或反向方向上驱动以推进或延迟该凸轮轴相位角，并且按照需要相对于曲轴的时间而控制相关发动机阀门的启动。
[0059]图4A示出了当输入请求信号79是请求输出部件16在正向驱动方向上的扭矩时的阀门提升曲线，如由图3的高权限进气凸轮相位器78A、78B的相位所提供的。当曲轴18的曲柄角和时间增加从左向右移动时(即，当汽缸72内的活塞从下止点移动到上止点再到下止点位置时)，给定排气阀74阀门提升曲线82A在对应进气阀73的阀门提升曲线82B之前上升和下降(即，进气阀73可操作地和与给定排气阀74相同的汽缸72连接)。
[0060]图4B示出了当输入请求信号79是请求输出部件16在反向驱动方向上的扭矩时，阀门73和74在控制器25的控制下根据凸轮相位器78A和78B的相位进行的阀门提升。在曲柄角和时间增加从右向左移动的反向操作中，给定排气阀74的阀门提升曲线82C处于对应进气阀73的阀门提升曲线82D之前。
[0061]参照图5，示出了可用于图1的动力系统10中发动机12的位置的发动机112。发动机112具有一个完全柔性、无凸轮的阀门传动系统。发动机模块170由汽缸172构成或提供。进气阀173和排气阀174可以打开和关闭以使得汽缸172内的气体燃烧，如本领域普通技术人员所理解的。(进气阀173和排气阀174被分别可操作地连接到每个进气阀173的各个进气阀传动器183A和可操作地连接到每个排气阀174的排气阀传动器183B部分遮蔽。)控制器125响应于关于图1的输出部件16在正向驱动方向或反向驱动方向上的驱动扭矩的输入请求信号179。根据该输入请求信号179，控制器125向每个进气阀传动器183A和排气阀传动器183B发送控制信号180A和180B。该传动器183A和183B可以是电液压或电磁类型的或者能够响应于电控制信号例如控制信号180A和180B的其他任何类型，用于分别改变进气阀173和排气阀174的打开和关闭。电液压无凸轮阀门传动系统可以应用一个容纳高压油的歧管。该歧管的管体可以具有在其中纵向形成的通道，该管体上的开关阀门可操作地使通道中的油与发动机的汽缸阀门(即进气阀和排气阀)交替连通，该歧管被安装以影响该汽缸阀门的运动。电磁无凸轮阀门传动系统将根据磁场产生运动中的电流打开和关闭阀门，以影响汽缸阀门的打开和关闭。
[0062]由于传动器183A、183B不依赖于旋转凸轮轴来打开和关闭阀门173、174，所以它们是“完全柔性的”。因而，控制器25可以控制传动器183A和183B来使得曲轴118在第一方向上旋转，如图示箭头所示，对应于图1的输出部件16在正向方向上旋转，或者使曲轴118在第二方向上(逆时针)旋转，对应于输出部件16在反向方向上旋转。
[0063]参照图6A，示出了可用于图1的动力系统中的替代发动机212和控制器225。该发动机212具有由汽缸272构成或提供的发动机模块270。进气阀273和排气阀274对应于每个汽缸272。多个凸轮叶片290A、290B可操作地连接到每个进气阀273和排气阀274。该多个凸轮叶片290A、290B被支撑在凸轮轴276和277上并且在图6B中更好地显示。在图6B中显示了，一组多个凸轮叶片290A、290B与凸轮轴276连接以旋转并且可操作地与一个进气阀273连接。应当认识到，其他相似的凸轮叶片290A、290B也与每个排气阀274可操作地连接。如图6B所示，凸轮叶片290A是一个反向凸轮叶片，并且一般与正向凸轮叶片290B成180度的曲柄角、90度的凸轮角的异相关系(虚线表示该叶片前端在正向方向上延伸的最外部尖端)。凸轮切换机构292可以被控制器225液压控制或电控制以在反向凸轮叶片290A和正向凸轮叶片290B之间切换，从而控制哪个凸轮叶片可操作地连接并且控制阀门273的提升。该凸轮切换机构292包括反向滚柱指轮随动器293A和正向滚柱指轮随动器293B，二者都围绕枢轴294成枢轴转动，在该枢轴294上可操作地连接到阀门273的摇臂295也进行枢轴转动。开关锁销296可以被控制以交替锁定反向滚柱指轮随动器293A使之与摇臂295共同运动或者锁定正向滚柱指轮随动器293B使之与摇臂295共同运动。该未被开关锁销296锁定到摇臂295上的滚柱指轮随动器293A或293B围绕该枢轴相对于摇臂295空转。因此，该开关锁销296的位置控制哪个凸轮叶片290A、290B将会可操作地与阀门273连接以控制其上升和下降。
[0064]控制器225响应于请求图1的输出部件16在正向或反向驱动方向上的驱动扭矩的输入请求信号279。根据该输入请求信号279，控制器225向位于每个阀门273和274上的每个开关锁销296发送控制信号280A和280B。从而，控制器225能够控制该凸轮切换机构292以使得曲轴218在第一方向上旋转，如图中的顺时针箭头所示，这对应于图1的输出部件16在正向方向上的旋转，或者使得曲轴218在第二方向上(即逆时针)旋转，这对应于输出部件16在反向方向上的旋转。
[0065]参照图7A和7B，发动机312可以用于代替图1的动力系统10中的发动机12。该发动机312具有由汽缸372构成或提供的发动机模块370。进气阀373和排气阀374可以打开和关闭以使得汽缸372内的气体燃烧，如本领域普通技术人员所理解的。(该进气阀373和排气阀374被分别位于各个进气阀顶置凸轮轴376和排气阀顶置凸轮轴377上的各个三维凸轮部分遮蔽。)
[0066]每个凸轮轴376和377形成有三维凸轮叶片390，该三维凸轮叶片390包括反向凸轮轮廓390A和与该反向凸轮轮廓390A成90度(凸轮角)异相的正向凸轮轮廓390B，在其之间有一个变换部分390C。在图7B中，示出了与顶置凸轮轴376相关的凸轮叶片390。虚线表示正向凸轮轮廓390B上的叶片前端的最外部尖端并且连接到反向凸轮轮廓390A上的叶片前端的最外部尖端。应当认识到，同样的三维凸轮叶片390被设置以可操作地与每个阀门373、374啮合。
[0067]再次参照图7A，传动器383A和383B分别被用作进气凸轮轴向设置传动器和排气凸轮轴向设置传动器。传动器383A和383B可以平移以轴向移动各个凸轮轴376、377(即沿着凸轮轴的旋转轴)。特别地，控制器325响应于请求图1的输出部件16在正向驱动方向或反向驱动方向上的驱动扭矩的输入请求信号379。根据该输入请求信号379，控制器325分别向每个传动器383A、383B发送控制信号380A和380B。传动器383A、383B响应于该控制信号380A、380B而相对于进气阀373和排气阀374平移各个凸轮轴376和377，从而确定反向凸轮轮廓390A或正向凸轮轮廓390B中的哪一个将与各个阀门373和374可操作啮合并且控制该阀门的提升。如果所需要的是正向驱动扭矩，则控制器325将驱动传动器383A以便使正向凸轮轮廓390B与进气阀373可操作地啮合。同样，控制器325将控制传动器383A以便使反向凸轮轮廓390A与进气阀374可操作地啮合。在这些条件下，曲轴318将在第一方向上旋转，如图7A中的箭头所示，其对应于图1的输出部件16的正向驱动方向。
[0068]相反，如果所需要的是反向驱动扭矩，则控制器325将控制传动器383A和383B以平移各个凸轮轴376和377，从而使得反向凸轮轮廓390A与进气阀373可操作地啮合并且使正向凸轮轮廓390B与进气阀374可操作地啮合。在这些条件下，曲轴318将在第二方向上(即逆时针方向)旋转，其对应于图1的输出部件16的反向驱动方向。每个三维凸轮390的变换部分390C使得能够实现从阀门373或374与凸轮轮廓390A和390B之一可操作啮合平滑变换为与另一个啮合。
[0069]参照图8，示出了曲轴驱动泵401，其中显示泵齿轮402A、402B在对应于发动机曲轴在第一方向上旋转的方向上旋转，该第一方向对应于车辆的正向驱动方向，如上面关于发动机12、112、212、312中任何一个所述的。其中还示出了来自油槽拾取管的输入润滑液在输入通道403A中的流动方向，以及相应的加压润滑液流向发动机轴承的输出方向，并且还示出了通过排出通道403B的扭矩传递机构。在正向操作位置示出了与输入通道403A和排出通道403B流体连通的反向阀404，其中第一和第二通道部分405A和405B相对齐以使得流体如实线箭头所示地流动。
[0070]如果发动机被控制以使得曲轴在与电可变变速器地输出部件上地反向驱动扭矩相对应的相反方向上旋转，如上面关于任一实施例所述，那么由于其所连接的曲轴在第二方向上旋转，泵齿轮402A和402B将在相反方向上旋转(以虚像显示)。在这些条件下，优选为旋转型螺线管传动反向阀的反向阀404被控制器(在上面任一实施例中所述的任一控制器)控制而移动到反向操作位置，如图8中的404A所示，其中通道部分405A和405B在其旋转位置被表示为405AA和405BB。在该反向操作位置，该第一和第二通道部分被顺时针旋转90度以便将来自油槽的流体流以定向为通过通道部分405AA、到达通道403B、再到曲轴驱动泵401，该流动方向与正向操作相反，如虚线箭头所示。因而，通道403B用于在发动机反向操作期间为泵401提供进入流。反向阀404的第二通道部分405BB位于一个位置，以使得来自泵401的排除流体在通道403A中流动并通过供给通道403C流向发动机轴承和扭矩传递机构。从而，反向阀404可以被控制以在正向操作位置和反向操作位置之间移动，以确保该通过通道403C到达发动机的流动使预定的量(即体积)和流动方向，而不考虑泵401的旋转方向如何(并且因而不考虑连接到该泵的发动机曲轴的旋转方向如何)。
[0071]参照图9，其中显示发动机驱动配件或辅助设备501A、501B和501C通过无间断旋转设备506例如皮带或链条可操作地连接到发动机曲轴518。曲轴518可操作地连接到上述发动机12、112、212、312中的任何一个，以使得曲轴518在第一和第二方向上旋转，对应于电可变变速器14的输出部件16的正向和反向驱动。应当理解，配件501A-C还可以被图1的变速器输入部件21驱动。优选地，该发动机配件501A是高压直接燃油喷射泵，发动机配件501B是空调压缩机，发动机配件501C是动力转向泵。如果配件501A-C不是双驱动型(即，其不是被配置为由其自身的内部电动机驱动以作为曲轴驱动模式的替代)，那么当曲轴518在与变速器输出部件16的反向驱动扭矩对应的第二旋转方向上旋转时，可以驱动可操作地连接到控制器525的反转设备507相对于曲轴518反转皮带506的旋转方向。替代地，如果发动机配件501A-C不是双驱动型，可以通过控制器525控制分离的辅助驱动电动机508，以使得当曲轴518在与该处于中间状态的输出部件和反转设备507的反向驱动扭矩相对应的第二旋转方向上旋转时，向配件501A-501C提供动力。发动机谐波减震器509可以用于消减发动机的振动，以防止该振动传递到配件501A-501C。
[0072]参照图10，发动机612的曲轴618驱动配件601A、601B。(曲轴618仅在发动机612的一端可见，而延伸以通过齿轮608A、608B驱动配件601A、601B，该齿轮608A、608B分别被曲轴618驱动以伴随配件601A、601B共同旋转)。当曲轴618在对应于可操作地连接到EVT发动机(未示出)的输出部件的旋转的第一方向上旋转时，该齿轮在各个预定的方向上旋转。然而，当曲轴618被控制以在对应于所连接的EVT变速器614的输出部件的反向驱动扭矩的第二方向上旋转时，通过从控制器625发出的控制信号680驱动反向齿轮608C与齿轮608A和608B啮合，从而使得它们继续在预定方向上旋转，该预定方向是曲轴在第一方向上旋转时它们的旋转方向，从而使得曲轴618的旋转方向的变化不会影响配件601A和601B的驱动旋转。
[0073]因此，上述每个实施例都可以被控制以使得发动机曲轴在两个方向上旋转，使得所连接的电可变变速器的变速器输出部件在正向驱动扭矩方向和反向驱动扭矩方向上旋转，同时使得通过该电可变变速器的动力流动路径在正向和反向方向上保持一致，而不需要反向齿轮或者使用电动机/发电机来控制该输出部件在反向方向上旋转。
[0074]通过将上述任一个发动机连接到电可变变速器来实现一种控制动力系统的方法。下面将相对于具有如图3所特别示出的发动机12的图1的动力系统10来对该方法进行特定的说明。该方法包括接收关于在正向方向和反向方向中的一个上旋转输出部件16的请求。该请求是通过输入到控制器25的输入请求信号79来接收的。然后该方法包括根据相对于曲轴18的旋转的第一预定相位而分别提升进气和排气阀73、74，从而使得曲轴18在第一方向上旋转，其对应于变速器输出部件16在正向方向上旋转，假定该接受的输入请求信号79是在正向方向上旋转输出部件16。替代地，假定该接受的输入请求信号79是在反向驱动方向上旋转输出部件16，该方法包括根据相对于曲轴18的旋转的第二预定相位而分别提升进气和排气阀73、74。该第二预定相位基本上与第一预定相位相反(如图4A、4B所示)，并且使得曲轴18在第二方向上旋转，其对应于变速器输出部件16在反向方向上旋转。不论该阀门是根据第一预定相位还是第二预定相位提升，通过变速器14的动力流动路径都是相同的。也就是说，图2所示的操作方法被用于提供正向驱动扭矩或反向驱动扭矩。
[0075]虽然已经详细地说明了实施本发明的最佳模式，但是本发明所属领域的普通技术人员将会认识到在所附权利要求的范围内还存在各种用于实现本发明的替代设计和实施方式。

Claims (17)

1.一种动力系统，包括：
发动机，具有可在第一方向和第二方向上旋转的曲轴；
控制器，被配置成控制该曲轴的旋转方向；
电可变变速器，具有可操作地与该曲轴连接的输入部件和用于提供驱动扭矩的输出部件；以及
其中，当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时，该输出部件在正向方向上旋转，并且当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时，该输出部件在反向方向上旋转，从而分别提供正向和反向扭矩。
2.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该电可变变速器可被该控制器控制以便选择性提供固定比率工作模式和电可变工作模式；其中，当曲轴在第一方向上旋转和在第二方向上旋转时，所述模式被选择。
3.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该发动机包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块；
对于每个汽缸分别包括进气阀和排气阀；其中该阀门可以被打开和关闭以使得该汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴旋转；
第一顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该进气阀以使其打开和关闭；
第二顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该排气阀以使其打开和关闭；和
分别可操作地连接到各个凸轮轴的各个电驱动凸轮相位器，用于改变各个顶置凸轮轴相对于曲轴的相位，并且具有不小于180度的曲柄角的定相权限，从而使得该曲轴可以响应于该凸轮相位器而在第一和第二方向上旋转。
4.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该发动机包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块；
对于每个汽缸分别包括进气阀和排气阀；其中该阀门可以被打开和关闭以使得该汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴旋转；和
可操作地连接到每个进气阀和排气阀的无凸轮阀门传动系统，其可以被控制以选择性打开和关闭该阀门，从而使得该曲轴可以响应于该无凸轮阀门传动系统而在第一和第二方向上旋转。
5.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该发动机包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块；
对于每个汽缸分别包括进气阀和排气阀；其中该阀门可以被打开和关闭以使得该汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴旋转；
第一顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该进气阀以使其打开和关闭；
第二顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该排气阀以使其打开和关闭；
其中每个所述顶置凸轮轴选择性地具有各自的正向凸轮叶片和各自地反向凸轮叶片，其可选地可操作连接到每个各自的阀门和
凸轮切换机构，用于选择性地使各个正向和反向凸轮叶片与各个阀门连接。
6.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该发动机包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块；
对于每个汽缸分别包括进气阀和排气阀；其中该阀门可以被打开和关闭以使得该汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴旋转；
第一顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该进气阀以使其打开和关闭；
第二顶置凸轮轴，可操作地连接到该排气阀以使其打开和关闭；
可操作地连接到每个顶置凸轮轴的传动器；和
其中每个顶置凸轮轴分别包括用于每个阀门的具有正向和反向凸轮轮廓的三维凸轮，其可以被传动器轴向平移，并且被配置成当该曲轴被该传动器平移时在正向和反向凸轮轮廓之间变换。
7.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中该变速器的特征在于不具有用于当输出部件在反向方向上旋转时携带扭矩的专用齿轮。
8.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，还包括：
可操作地与该控制器连接的辅助设备；
可操作地使该曲轴与该辅助设备连接的不间断旋转设备；
可操作地连接到该辅助设备和控制器的电动机；和
其中，该控制器被配置成使得当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时，该辅助设备被发动机通过该不间断旋转设备驱动，并且当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时被该电动机驱动。
9.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，还包括：
泵，可操作地与该控制器连接并且与该曲轴驱动连接，用于当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时提供预定的流体流动；
电驱动反向阀，位于该曲轴和该控制器的泵之间的流体连通中，可操作地连接到该控制器；和
其中，该控制器被配置成当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时启动该电驱动反向阀，从而保持来自该泵的流体的预定流动。
10.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，还包括：
连接到该曲轴并且被其驱动的辅助驱动系；其中该辅助驱动系的特征在于当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时在预定方向上旋转；和
旋转部件，可操作地连接到该控制器，并且当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时，通过该控制器与该辅助驱动系选择性啮合以将该辅助驱动系的旋转方向改变为该预定方向。
11.如权利要求1所述的动力系统，其中不论该曲轴的旋转方向如何，通过该变速器的动力流动路径都是相同的。
12.一种动力系统，包括：
具有可旋转曲轴的发动机；其中该发动机包括由多个汽缸构成的发动机模块，用于每个汽缸的各个进气阀和排气阀；其中该阀门可以被打开和关闭以使得该汽缸内的气体燃烧，从而使得曲轴在第一方向上旋转；
电可变变速器，具有：
变速器齿轮传动装置，具有变速器输入部件、变速器输出部件，其特征在于不具有反向齿轮；其中该变速器输入部件可操作地与该曲轴连接以便将扭矩从该曲轴传递到该变速器输入部件；其中当该曲轴在第一方向上旋转时，该变速器输出部件在正向方向上旋转；
可操作地连接到该变速器齿轮传动装置的电动机/发电机；和
可操作地连接到该电动机/发电机的能量存储设备，用于向该电动机/发电机提供动力和从其接收动力，以便改变该变速器输出部件的旋转速度；
控制器，配置成选择性改变该曲轴的旋转方向以使得该曲轴在第二方向上旋转；其中当该曲轴在第二方向上旋转时，该变速器输出部件在反向方向上旋转；和
其中，不论该曲轴的旋转方向如何，从该变速器输入部件通过该变速器齿轮传动装置到达变速器输出部件的动力流动路径都是相同的。
13.如权利要求12所述的动力系统，其中当该曲轴在反向方向上旋转时，该电可变变速器可选地选择性提供固定速度比率和电可变速度比率。
14.一种控制动力系统的方法，该动力系统包括具有进气和排气阀和曲轴的发动机，以及具有输入部件、电动机/发电机、可操作地与该发动机连接的变速器齿轮传动装置、和输出部件以提供驱动扭矩的电可变变速器，包括：
接收关于在正向方向和反向方向中的一个上旋转该输出部件的请求；
如果该接收的请求是使该输出部件在正向方向上旋转，则根据与曲轴旋转相关的第一预定相位提升该进气和排气阀，从而使得曲轴在第一方向上旋转，其对应于该输出部件在正向方向上旋转；
如果该接收的请求是使输出部件在反向方向上旋转，则根据与曲轴旋转相关的第二预定相位提升该进气和排气阀；其中，该第二预定相位基本上与该第一预定相位相反，从而使得曲轴在第二方向上旋转，其对应于输出部件在反向方向上旋转；和
其中，当该阀门根据第一预定相位而提升时经过该变速器的动力流动路径与该阀门根据第二预定相位而提升时的动力流动路径相同。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述根据第二预定相位提升该进气和排气阀包括启动可操作地连接到该阀门的凸轮相位器。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述根据第二预定相位提升该进气和排气阀包括使得不同的凸轮轮廓与每个阀门啮合。
17.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中使得不同的凸轮轮廓与每个阀门啮合包括通过该不同的凸轮轮廓轴向移动凸轮轴。
CN2008100929563A 2007-04-18 2008-04-18 具有反转发动机的混合动力系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101293476B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/736,704 US8033954B2 (en) 2007-04-18 2007-04-18 Hybrid powertrain with reversing engine and method of control
US11/736704 2007-04-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101293476A true CN101293476A (zh) 2008-10-29
CN101293476B CN101293476B (zh) 2012-05-09

Family

ID=39868978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2008100929563A Expired - Fee Related CN101293476B (zh) 2007-04-18 2008-04-18 具有反转发动机的混合动力系统

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US8033954B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101293476B (zh)
DE (1) DE102008018949B4 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102069701A (zh) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-25 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆及混合动力车辆的控制方法
CN102152734A (zh) * 2011-03-10 2011-08-17 北京理工大学 一种用于混合动力车辆的三模式动力传动装置
CN106458008A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-02-22 雷诺股份公司 用于考虑到运动学模式之间的转换中断的对机动车辆的混合动力变速器进行控制的方法

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9162558B2 (en) * 2009-06-15 2015-10-20 Polaris Industries Inc. Electric vehicle
US8535201B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2013-09-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and strategy to detect the lock-up of planetary gear in power split hybrid vehicles
DE102011100801B4 (de) * 2011-05-06 2018-06-28 Audi Ag Kupplungsgetriebe mit einem Pumpen-Elektromotor, der mechanisch mit einem Ventil wirkverbunden ist, um das Ventil in Abhängigkeit der Drehrichtung des Elektromotors zu betätigen, Verfahren zum Betreiben dieses Kupplungsgetriebes
EP2554421A3 (en) 2011-08-01 2015-10-07 Dana Limited Method and apparatus for transferring power between a flywheel and a vehicle
US8523735B1 (en) * 2012-02-23 2013-09-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus for executing a shift in a hybrid transmission
EP2871770B1 (en) * 2012-07-03 2019-11-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Control device for vehicle ac generator
JP5413547B1 (ja) * 2013-02-06 2014-02-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ハイブリッド車両の制御装置
RU2628618C2 (ru) * 2013-03-27 2017-08-21 Сканиа Св Аб Гибридный привод, транспортное средство с таким гибридным приводом, способ управления таким гибридным приводом
CN106062321B (zh) * 2014-03-14 2019-09-20 博格华纳公司 用于提高发动机启动/停止质量的推迟的进气凸轮相位器
US9358892B1 (en) 2014-12-02 2016-06-07 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. System and method for pre-charging a hybrid vehicle for improving reverse driving performance
KR101807072B1 (ko) * 2015-12-14 2018-01-18 현대자동차 주식회사 파워트레인
US10202875B2 (en) * 2015-12-14 2019-02-12 Hyundai Motor Company Powertrain
IL296644B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2023-12-01 Polaris Inc Hybrid vehicle
JP6292276B1 (ja) * 2016-10-19 2018-03-14 マツダ株式会社 エンジンの可変動弁装置
JP6487407B2 (ja) * 2016-10-25 2019-03-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 エンジンの始動制御装置
US10780770B2 (en) 2018-10-05 2020-09-22 Polaris Industries Inc. Hybrid utility vehicle
US11370266B2 (en) 2019-05-16 2022-06-28 Polaris Industries Inc. Hybrid utility vehicle
DE102021205937A1 (de) 2021-06-11 2022-07-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstranges für ein Hybridfahrzeug, Antriebsstrang sowie Hybridfahrzeug mit einem solchen Antriebstrang

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2346737A (en) * 1941-08-18 1944-04-18 Baldwin Locomotive Works Reversing mechanism for engines
FR2076442A5 (zh) * 1970-01-15 1971-10-15 Gordini Automobiles
US3958900A (en) * 1973-06-11 1976-05-25 Takahiro Ueno Convertible engine-air compressor apparatus mounted on a vehicle for driving said vehicle
DE2634916A1 (de) * 1976-08-03 1978-02-09 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Umsteuerbare hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
JP3519544B2 (ja) * 1996-05-17 2004-04-19 愛知機械工業株式会社 電気自動車用減速機のオイルポンプ周り液路
KR19980049864A (ko) * 1996-12-20 1998-09-15 박병재 내연기관의 흡,배기 밸브 개폐 가변장치
DE59708956D1 (de) * 1997-10-14 2003-01-23 Waertsilae Schweiz Ag Winterth Anordnung und Verfahren zur Ventilsteuerung einer umsteuerbaren Dieselbrennkraftmaschine
US6135078A (en) * 1997-11-18 2000-10-24 Denso Corporation Variable valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine
DE19825411C1 (de) * 1998-06-06 1999-10-07 Daimler Chrysler Ag Umsteuerbare Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
US5931757A (en) * 1998-06-24 1999-08-03 General Motors Corporation Two-mode, compound-split electro-mechanical vehicular transmission
US6318313B1 (en) * 1998-10-06 2001-11-20 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Variable performance valve train having three-dimensional cam
JP3745273B2 (ja) * 2001-11-30 2006-02-15 本田技研工業株式会社 車両用内燃機関制御システム
DE10207699A1 (de) 2002-02-22 2003-09-04 Zf Sachs Ag Antrieb für ein Kraftfahzeug
US7356398B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2008-04-08 General Motors Corporation Synchronous shift control in an electrically variable transmission
US7278941B2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2007-10-09 General Motors Corporation Electrically variable transmission with selective fixed ratio operation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102069701A (zh) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-25 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆及混合动力车辆的控制方法
CN102069701B (zh) * 2009-11-20 2014-02-26 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆及混合动力车辆的控制方法
CN102152734A (zh) * 2011-03-10 2011-08-17 北京理工大学 一种用于混合动力车辆的三模式动力传动装置
CN106458008A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-02-22 雷诺股份公司 用于考虑到运动学模式之间的转换中断的对机动车辆的混合动力变速器进行控制的方法
CN106458008B (zh) * 2014-04-11 2018-10-12 雷诺股份公司 用于对机动车辆的混合动力变速器进行控制的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101293476B (zh) 2012-05-09
US20080257310A1 (en) 2008-10-23
US8033954B2 (en) 2011-10-11
DE102008018949A1 (de) 2008-11-20
DE102008018949B4 (de) 2015-06-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101293476B (zh) 具有反转发动机的混合动力系统
CN102019844B (zh) 可变速度电动机-发电机附件驱动系统
US7506711B2 (en) Accessory drive system and method for a hybrid vehicle with an electric variable transmission
US7547264B2 (en) Starter alternator accessory drive system for a hybrid vehicle
US7582034B2 (en) Variable speed accessory drive system for a hybrid vehicle
US8328673B2 (en) Variable speed accessory drive system
US7470209B2 (en) Hybrid powertrain having an electrically variable transmission and engine valve control
US7032385B2 (en) Multi-crankshaft, variable-displacement engine
US20090095548A1 (en) Drive system with fluid pump
CN1727737A (zh) 包括用于变速箱的输入分离和辅助装置驱动系统的传动系
CN102439331A (zh) 传动系统
CN105473365A (zh) 用于混合动力车辆的传动系
CN1924400A (zh) 电力可变混合动力的变速器及传动系
JP2003027982A (ja) 自動車用駆動システム
US6165094A (en) Vehicle powertrains
CN101903687B (zh) 用于车辆的变速器装置
EP0040904B1 (en) Planetary gear assembly and application thereof
CN112145629B (zh) 一种正时传动系统、发动机及机动车
EP3061950A2 (en) Internal combustion engine having a split crankshaft
CN101813022B (zh) 一种具有优化工作模式的偏心摆动式内燃机
JPS5823481B2 (ja) フクシキエンジンソウチ
RU2499170C1 (ru) Силовой агрегат транспортного средства (варианты)
AU2006218255A1 (en) Drive system with fluid pump
SE425961B (sv) Fordonsmotoranleggning

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20120509

Termination date: 20170418

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee