CN101285788A - Pyroelectric material measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Pyroelectric material measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101285788A CN101285788A CNA2008100281758A CN200810028175A CN101285788A CN 101285788 A CN101285788 A CN 101285788A CN A2008100281758 A CNA2008100281758 A CN A2008100281758A CN 200810028175 A CN200810028175 A CN 200810028175A CN 101285788 A CN101285788 A CN 101285788A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PSFDQSOCUJVVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N harman Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2NC2=C1C=CN=C2C PSFDQSOCUJVVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 BizTe system Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005676 thermoelectric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermoelectric material measurement instrument, comprising a sample stage and a testing device thereof. The sample stage comprises a base as well as a first sample clip and a second sample clip which are arranged on the base, wherein, the inside of the first sample clip and the inside of the second sample clip are both provided with heating elements and refrigerating elements; one end of the first sample clip and one end of the second sample clip near samples are both provided with temperature sensors and voltage probes; and the testing device comprises a temperature controller connected with the heating elements and the refrigerating elements, a data collector connected with the heating elements and the refrigerating elements, and a central controller connected with the temperature controller and the data collector. The instrument can measure the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials in any direction and need not confirm the polarity of the sample to be tested, which ensures that the test is simpler, more convenient and quicker.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to semiconductor material proving installation field, relate in particular to a kind of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Research to thermoelectric material is a research focus of material science.Thermoelectric material refers to realize the functional material that heat energy and electric energy are directly changed mutually by its thermoelectric effect.As a kind of energy conversion material, the application of thermoelectric material does not need to use drive disk assembly, noiselessness during work, nothing dumps thing and sun power, wind energy, water can wait the application of secondary energy the same, environment is not polluted, and this material property is reliable, long service life is with a wide range of applications.
At present existing a series of thermoelectric material is developed out, as alloys such as BizTe system, PbTe system, SiGe systems, but because its thermoelectric conversion ratio is relatively low, has limited the widespread use of thermoelectric material.
Weigh the thermoelectricity capability figure of merit Z of thermoelectric material, the Z value is high more, and conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is high more, and the performance of thermoelectric material is good more.Figure of merit Z can calculate by following formula:
Z＝S
2σ/k (1.1)
Wherein S is a Seebeck coefficient, and σ is a conductivity of electrolyte materials, and k is the thermal conductivity of material.
Seebeck coefficient is one of important performance parameter of thermoelectric material, and from formula (1.1) as seen, Seebeck coefficient S is big more, and figure of merit Z is big more, and the thermoelectricity capability of material is good more.Accurately measure the Seebeck coefficient of material, have important practical significance for research pyroelectric material performance and development of new thermoelectric material.
Mainly there is complex structure in the existing proving installation that relates to Seebeck coefficient, and test process is consuming time longer, needs to carry out sample according to polarity and installs, and is difficult to carry out problems such as low-temperature test and measuring accuracy are lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve a difficult problem of the prior art, a kind of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus that can measure and need not determine the polarity of testing sample from any direction to the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric material is provided.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus, comprise sample stage and proving installation thereof, this sample stage comprises base and is located at first on the base, second specimen holder, first, be equipped with heating element and cooling module in second specimen holder, and first, one side of the second specimen holder clamped sample is equipped with temperature sensor and voltage probe, and this proving installation comprises the temperature controller that is connected with heating element and cooling module, the data acquisition unit that is connected with heating element and cooling module, and the central control unit that is connected with temperature controller and data acquisition unit.
This cooling module is a semiconductor chilling plate, and the close sample setting of its cold junction, and its hot junction is connected with a water-circulating cooling device; This water-circulating cooling device comprises the water tank of being close to the semiconductor chilling plate hot junction and the U type water pipe that two water tanks are coupled together.
First specimen holder is installed on the end of base by stiff end folder post away from an example of sample, second specimen holder is installed on the other end of base the opposite side clamped sample of first, second specimen holder away from a side of sample by movable end folder post and regulating device; The bottom of first, second specimen holder is connected with base by guide rail.
Temperature controller comprises AC voltage regulator that is connected with heating element and the PWM integrator that is connected with cooling module.
Data acquisition unit comprises Temperature sampler that is connected with temperature sensor and the voltage acquisition device that is connected with voltage probe.
Central control unit comprises data processor and computing machine, and data processor connects temperature controller and data acquisition unit, and computing machine changes the USB module by serial ports and is connected with data processor.
This computing machine comprises following functional module:
Monitoring module is used for the parameter of proving installation is revised;
Display module is used for showing the various parameters of test process.
Sample stage is located at vacuum (-tight) housing inside.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is equipped with heating element and cooling module in each specimen holder, can measure and need not determine the polarity of testing sample from any direction to the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric material, when needs change temperature difference direction, only need to change the refrigeration situation that heats of heating element and cooling module by central control unit, but just simple realization, and avoid sample is loaded onto the trouble of being brought again again from the specimen holder dismounting.
In addition, the accessible minimum temperature of test environment of the present invention is lower, and this apparatus structure is simple, and easy to operate, system responses is quick, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sample stage part of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus, comprise sample stage and proving installation thereof, this sample stage comprises base 1 and is located at first on the base 1, second specimen holder 4,5, first, second specimen holder 4, be equipped with heating element 9 in 5,9 ' and cooling module 11,11 ', and first, second specimen holder 4, one side of 5 clamped sample is equipped with temperature sensor 15,15 ' and voltage probe 17,17 ', this proving installation comprises and heating element 9,9 ' and cooling module 11,11 ' the temperature controller 14 that connects, with heating element 9,9 ' and cooling module 11,11 ' the data acquisition unit 19 that connects, and the central control unit that is connected with temperature controller 14 and data acquisition unit 19.Wherein, this sample stage is located at vacuum (-tight) housing inside, and this base 1 mainly plays support fixation, in order to guarantee the accuracy of test parameter, this temperature sensor 15,15 ' and voltage probe 17,17 ' press close to the sample setting successively.
Among the present invention, this cooling module 11,11 ' is a semiconductor chilling plate, and this semiconductor chilling plate comprises cold junction and hot junction, and in the said structure, the cold junction of two semiconductor chilling plates is all near the sample setting, dispels the heat by water-circulating cooling device 13,13 ' in two hot junctions.Water-circulating cooling device 13,13 ' comprises the water tank of being close to the semiconductor chilling plate hot junction and the U type water pipe that two water tanks are coupled together.
This first specimen holder 4 is the stiff end specimen holder, its side away from sample is installed on the end of base 1 by stiff end folder post 6, this second specimen holder 5 is the movable end specimen holder, its side away from sample is installed on the other end of base 1 by movable end folder post 7 and regulating device 8, and the opposite side of first, second specimen holder 4,5 is clamped sample.This regulating device 8 can be a set screw, this set screw by with base 1 on screw cooperate the move left and right that realizes movable end folder post 7, thereby the size of regulating sample space.The bottom of first, second specimen holder 4,5 is connected with base 1 by guide rail 3, makes first, second specimen holder 4,5 and base 1 realize being slidingly connected, and makes that the adjusting of sample space is more convenient.In addition, base all adopts adiabatic insulating material made with the folder post, and realizes adiabatic insulation between two specimen holders.
This central control unit is used to realize control to the processing of all sampled datas and to the robotization of system.Central control unit comprises data processor 20 and computing machine 24, and data processor 20 connects temperature controller 14 and data acquisition unit 19, and computing machine 24 changes USB module 23 by serial ports and is connected with data processor 20.
The temperature and the voltage signal of 19 inputs of 20 pairs of data collectors of data processor of the present invention are demarcated and are proofreaied and correct, and calculate the temperature controlling value, the output control signal corresponding.Data processor 20 adopts the control of fuzzy Self-Tuning of PID algorithm realization to sample temperature, and according to the difference between measurement temperature and the design temperature and the rate of change of difference, the controlled variable of regulating pid algorithm automatically is to realize the temperature control of fast and stable.
Monitoring module can be monitored measurement mechanism on computing machine 24, in real time the parameter of proving installation is revised, and has brought very big convenience to test job;
Display module is used for showing the various parameters of test process.
The present invention also can have LCD 21, in order to show the various parameters in the test process, also has keypad 22, can directly carry out control operation to system, therefore can still can experimentize under the situation of computing machine not having, and has higher flexibility.
Seebeck effect among the present invention refers in the loop that two kinds of different metals constitute, and the temperature difference when two joints has an electromotive force to exist in the loop, and this electromotive force just claims Seebeck electromotive force or thermoelectromotive force, and this effect just claims Seebeck effect.According to the definition of Seebeck coefficient, the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric material can be expressed as:
In the formula: S is a Seebeck coefficient, the Seebeck electromotive force that V produces for the thermoelectric material two ends, and Δ T is the temperature difference at thermoelectric material two ends.
When testing, earlier testing sample 25 is placed on the sample stage, by set screw 8 testing sample is clamped, two ends will contact fully with specimen holder, then sample stage are put into vacuum (-tight) housing 2, and it is sealed, and guarantee its impermeability, internally vacuumize then.Open water-circulating cooling device 13,13 ', connect system power supply, the temperature of two ends specimen holder 4,5 is set, treat to begin to measure after temperature reaches stable state by the monitoring software on keypad 22 or the computing machine 24.The sample two ends temperature difference and electric potential difference that data processor 20 is measured according to Temperature sampler 16 and voltage acquisition device 18 calculate the Seebeck coefficient of testing sample.Cause temperature fluctuation for fear of excessive difference variation, the temperature difference of general each change 5-10K.
Measurement the present invention for Seebeck coefficient adopts improved Harman method, as long as know the electric potential difference and the temperature difference at sample two ends, just can obtain Seebeck coefficient.
In the formula, V is sample two ends electric potential differences, T
hBe the temperature in sample hot junction, T
cBe the sample cold junction temperature.
When sample is measured, at first regulate the temperature T at sample two ends with this measuring instrument
h, T
c, the electric potential difference of measuring samples under different temperature difference conditions calculates corresponding Seebeck coefficient with this, and finds out Seebeck coefficient pairing T when maximum
hWith T
cValue.
The medial temperature of definition sample hot-side temperature and cold junction temperature is
Change T
h, T
cValue, but the medial temperature T when keeping Seebeck coefficient maximum
AvgBe worth constantly, measure at fixing T
AvgThe electric potential difference at following sample two ends verifies whether this Seebeck coefficient meets the rule of formula (1.2).
Claims (10)
1, a kind of pyroelectric material measuring apparatus, comprise sample stage and proving installation thereof, it is characterized in that: this sample stage comprises base and is located at first, second specimen holder on the base, be equipped with heating element and cooling module in first, second specimen holder, and a side of first, second specimen holder clamped sample is equipped with temperature sensor and voltage probe, and this proving installation comprises the temperature controller that is connected with heating element and cooling module, the data acquisition unit that is connected with heating element and cooling module, reaches the central control unit that is connected with temperature controller and data acquisition unit.
2, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this cooling module is a semiconductor chilling plate, and the close sample setting of its cold junction, and its hot junction is connected with water-circulating cooling device.
3, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that: this water-circulating cooling device comprises the water tank of being close to the semiconductor chilling plate hot junction and the U type water pipe that two water tanks are coupled together.
4, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: first specimen holder is installed on the end of base by stiff end folder post away from a side of sample, second specimen holder is installed on the other end of base the opposite side clamped sample of first, second specimen holder away from a side of sample by movable end folder post and regulating device.
5, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the bottom of first, second specimen holder is connected with base by guide rail.
6, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: temperature controller comprises AC voltage regulator that is connected with heating element and the PWM integrator that is connected with cooling module.
7, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: data acquisition unit comprises Temperature sampler that is connected with temperature sensor and the voltage acquisition device that is connected with voltage probe.
8, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: central control unit comprises data processor and computing machine, data processor connects temperature controller and data acquisition unit, and computing machine changes the USB module by serial ports and is connected with data processor.
9, pyroelectric material measuring apparatus according to claim 8 is characterized in that: this computing machine comprises following functional module:
Monitoring module is used for the parameter of proving installation is revised;
Display module is used for showing the various parameters of test process.
10, according to each described pyroelectric material measuring apparatus of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: sample stage is located at vacuum (-tight) housing inside.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100281758A CN101285788B (en) | 2008-05-20 | 2008-05-20 | Pyroelectric material measuring apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100281758A CN101285788B (en) | 2008-05-20 | 2008-05-20 | Pyroelectric material measuring apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101285788A true CN101285788A (en) | 2008-10-15 |
| CN101285788B CN101285788B (en) | 2011-10-12 |
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| CN2008100281758A Expired - Fee Related CN101285788B (en) | 2008-05-20 | 2008-05-20 | Pyroelectric material measuring apparatus |
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| CN110988107B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-09-01 | 山东省分析测试中心 | Sublimation-recrystallization mass spectrometry imaging matrix precipitation device and method with controllable crystallization temperature |
| CN111957676A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | Laser cleaning online monitoring device and method based on temperature sensing |
| CN112305020A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Thermal diffusion coefficient measuring device and method |
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