CN101270639A - Packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique - Google Patents
Packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An integrative method for a packer to pack off a multi-layer hydraulic sand-spraying perforation and pressure fracture is used in the multi-layer perforation and the pressure fracture of a well of well completion of a petroleum casing. A pipe column comprises an oil pipe, a safety joint, a hydraulic ejector, a K34 or a Y34 packer, a uniflow valve, a sieve vessel and an end cap, wherein, the lower layer of a hydraulic ejector position requires perforation depth. With the completion of perforation, the hydraulic sand-spraying fractures the lower layer by actively circulating the lower layer of the hydraulic sand-spraying perforation. When the hydraulic sand-spraying pressure fracture for the lower layer is completed, a reverse circulation surge tank is processed and the pipe column is leveled up and dragged to the upper layer of perforation pressure fracture to continue to fracture the upper layer by hydraulic sand-spraying perforation. After completion, the pipe column is lifted to be put into the well-completion pipe column to discharge liquid and finish production. The perforation is not required by each layer because only an oil pipe needs to be dragged to finish the multiple fracturing of multiple layers of the well. The integrative method integrating the perforation, the fracture and the packing-off together is new stimulation treatment technology. In addition, the fracture is reliable, construction is easy and convenient and period is short.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique that a kind of nonpetroleum industry is used, be applicable to oil gas well multilayer perforation, the fracturing reform of cased hole completion mode.
Background technology
Oil gas well for a well multilayer, because it is big to have physical difference between each reservoir, the strong characteristics of non-homogeneity, when adopting the hydraulic sand blasting technology to carry out separate stratum fracfturing, after pressure break is finished lower floor, upper lifting pipe post again, during the pressure break upper strata, if the upper strata, might make this fracturing fluid that enters upper strata lower floor of " bleeding " than lower floor's fracture pressure height, make the upper strata can not get abundant fracturing reform on the one hand, on the other hand, make lower floor's " repetition " obtain transforming, cause levels all effectively to be transformed, have a strong impact on the oil gas well production.
Chinese patent notification number CN101059070A provides a kind of abrasive perforating, fracturing integrated method and process pipe string thereof, has realized that a casing string finishes down-hole casing abrasive perforating and this perforating stratum pressure break.Hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing technology " are united two into one ", promptly satisfied the requirement of hydraulic jet perforation, guaranteed the fracturing requirement again.Can in straight well, horizontal well, inclined shaft, carry out the perforating and fracturing construction.This process has overcome on conventional injection, the fracturing string does not have packer, and after finishing a stratum cover pipe inspection, pressure break, if carry out next stratum cover pipe inspection, pressing crack construction again, fracturing fluid just can enter the stratum technological deficiency of perforation, pressure break formerly.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique are provided, utilize jetting, fracturing tool, carry out the pressure break of lower floor earlier, after lower floor's pressure break is finished, the upper lifting pipe post, carry out the pressure break on upper strata again, at this moment, because the throttling action of jetting nozzle, K344 or Y344 packer are in the state of setting, avoided the fracturing fluid of the upper strata construction lower floor stratum of " bleeding ", same time tubing string can be finished multilayer jetting, pressing crack construction, the aboveground sub-surface of oil gas is all effectively transformed.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
One, the packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and the fracturing integrated pipe string combination of the present invention's employing mainly are made up of oil pipe (1), safety joint (2), hydraulic ejector (3), K344 or Y344 packer (4), ball-and-seat (5), screen casing (6), plug (7) from top to bottom.Wherein, hydraulic ejector (3) will be down to needs perforation position.
Two, packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique:
A, be lowered to layering hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string: pipe string combination mainly is from top to bottom: oil pipe (1), safety joint (2), hydraulic ejector (3), K344 or Y344 packer (4), ball-and-seat (5), screen casing (6), plug (7) are formed.Wherein, hydraulic ejector (3) is at first down to the lower floor position that needs perforation.
B, just wash: use the flushing fluid well-flushing before the perforation, just the well-flushing discharge capacity is between 500～1000l/min, and the chemical examination water quality that reaches import and export is identical.
C, lower floor's hydraulic jet perforation: inject perforating fluid from oil pipe (1), perforation operational discharge capacity and well head pressure are determined by nozzle quantity, aperture and nozzle and the sleeve pipe distance of hydraulic ejector (3).During perforation, perforating fluid injects from oil pipe (1), is returned out by oil, cover annular space.To finishing lower floor's well-case perforating.
D, lower floor's hydraulic sand blasting pressure break: after lower floor's hydraulic perforation is finished, inject fracturing fluid from oil pipe (1), adopt Φ 73.03mm oil pipe to inject, of the fracturing fluid discharge capacity scope is 1.6～2.8m
3/ min (concrete displacement size is determined according to injector designs nozzle quantity and nozzle diameter) injects the about 20～50MPa of of the fracturing fluid pressure limit (specifically changing to some extent according to the different reservoir operation pressure).Simultaneously, the oil jacket annular space injects original gelatin and carries out pressing crack construction, and in order to satisfy the requirement of required discharge capacity of pressure break and reservoir fracture propagation pressure, it is 1/3～1/2 of oil pipe (1) injection discharge capacity that the oil jacket annular space injects discharge capacity.
E, upper strata hydraulic jet perforation, pressure break: when laminated split finish after, the anti-kill-job that circulates; Finish kill-job and upper lifting pipe post, carry on the hydraulic ejector to the position, upper strata that needs perforation, carry out upper strata hydraulic perforation, pressure break, job practices and lower floor hydraulic perforation, pressure break are identical.When carrying out upper strata jetting pressure break, since hydraulic ejector under the pressing crack construction discharge capacity its inside and outside differential pressure greater than 10MPa, and the chock pressure difference that sets of K344 or Y344 packer only needs 4～8MPa, that is to say, during upper strata jetting pressure break, K344 or Y344 packer are in the state of setting always, and the fracturing fluid lower floor of can " not bleeding " can only enter the upper strata that needs pressure break.After last interval pressure break is finished, trip out hydraulic perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string, be lowered to completion tubular column, product is asked in discharge opeing.
Reasonably the nozzle bore size can satisfy the requirement of hydraulic jet perforation, guarantees the requirement of hydraulic sand blasting FRACTURING DESIGN discharge capacity again.Hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing technology " are united two into one ".Nozzle bore is 5～8 millimeters.General 4～16 of the quantity of nozzle.The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of nozzle is to be symmetrically distributed.The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of nozzle can be that spirality is symmetrically distributed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, utilize packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated process pipe string, the requirement of hydraulic jet perforation had both been satisfied in construction, had guaranteed fracturing design discharge capacity again.
2, finish down one deck by above-mentioned construction sequence pressure break after, only need to carry process pipe string to the last layer that needs pressure break, carries out identical construction sequence pressure break upper strata, easy construction is simple and direct, the cycle lacks.After lower floor's injection pressure break was finished, when spraying the pressure break upper strata again, because the existence of K344 or Y344 packer is arranged, fracturing fluid can " not bleed " to lower floor, guarantees that the upper strata is effectively transformed.
3, by the nozzle that distributes on the hydraulic ejector is changed, shutoff, can satisfy different wells to perforation diameter and quantity, pressing crack construction discharge capacity, formation fracture pressure requirement.Overcome owing to reservoir heterogeneity the unreliable technological deficiency of traditional water conservancy abrasive perforating pressure break packing performance.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated tubing string are lowered to enforcement perforation and fracturing work schematic diagram in the straight well.
Tubing string consists of: oil pipe 1, safety joint 2, hydraulic ejector 3, K344 packer 4, ball-and-seat 5, screen casing 6, plug 7.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the oil well of two oil reservoirs is an example to have up and down flatly, and packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technology are elaborated.
As the directed oil well of a bite, upper and lower have different two kinds of sandstone reservoirs, and interlamellar spacing 20m, upper strata formation fracture pressure are 38MPa, the fine and close fracture pressure height of reservoir; Lower floor's formation fracture pressure is 30MPa, and the reservoir fracture pressure is lower.
Consult Fig. 1.Process pipe string consists of from top to bottom: oil pipe 1, safety joint 2, hydraulic ejector 3, K344 packer 4, ball-and-seat 5, screen casing 6, plug 7 are formed.The nozzle aperture of hydraulic ejector 3 is 6 millimeters, and the quantity of nozzle is 6.The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of nozzle is a symmetric arrays, and levels nozzle centering is arranged.
A, be lowered to packer packing every multilayer hydraulic perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string in well: pipe string combination mainly is from top to bottom: oil pipe 1, safety joint 2, hydraulic ejector 3, K344 packer 4, ball-and-seat 5, screen casing 6, plug 7 are formed.Wherein, hydraulic ejector 3 requires down to needs perforation position.
B, just wash: uses the flushing fluid well-flushing before the perforation, the well-flushing discharge capacity is less than 1000l/min, to importing and exporting the water quality unanimity.
C, lower floor's hydraulic perforation: inject perforating fluid from oil pipe 1, perforation operational discharge capacity and well head pressure are determined by nozzle quantity, aperture and nozzle and the sleeve pipe distance of hydraulic ejector 3.During perforation, perforating fluid injects from oil pipe 1, is returned out by oil, cover annular space.
D, lower floor's jetting pressure break: after hydraulic perforation is finished, discharge capacity by designing requirement, inject fracturing fluid from oil pipe 1, simultaneously, the oil jacket annular space injects original gelatin and carries out pressing crack construction, in order to satisfy the requirement of required discharge capacity of pressure break and reservoir fracture propagation pressure, it is 1/2 of oil pipe injection discharge capacity that the oil jacket annular space injects discharge capacity.General well depth 2000m adopts Φ 73.03mm oil pipe 1 to inject, and the pressing crack construction discharge capacity is 1.8m
3/ min, ground pressure is 28～32MPa.
E, upper strata jetting pressure break: after lower floor's pressure break was finished, the anti-kill-job that circulates if confirm that ejector 3 performances are intact, behind the upper lifting pipe post, when carrying out upper strata jetting pressure break, adopted Φ 73.03mm oil pipe to inject, and the pressing crack construction discharge capacity is 1.8m
3/ min, ground pressure is 34～40MPa.Since hydraulic ejector 3 under normal pressing crack construction discharge capacity its inside and outside differential pressure greater than 10MPa, and the chock pressure difference that sets of K344 packer 4 only needs 5MPa, that is to say, during upper strata jetting pressure break, K344 packer 4 is in the state of setting always, the fracturing fluid lower floor of can " not bleeding " can only enter the upper strata that needs pressure break.After whole interval pressure break is finished, trip out hydraulic perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string, be lowered to completion tubular column, product is asked in discharge opeing.
When being lowered to process pipe string, require hydraulic ejector 3 down to needs perforation position.After tubing string puts in place, at first adopt flushing fluid float amount well-flushing, to importing and exporting the water quality unanimity.Inject perforating fluid from oil pipe, implement the hydraulic perforation operation, discharge capacity and well head pressure are determined by nozzle quantity, aperture and nozzle and the sleeve pipe distance of hydraulic ejector 3.During perforation, perforating fluid injects from oil pipe, is returned out by oil, cover annular space.Then, by the discharge capacity of designing requirement, inject fracturing fluid from oil pipe, simultaneously, inject original gelatin from the oil jacket annular space and carry out pressing crack construction, in order to satisfy required discharge capacity of pressure break and the requirement of reservoir extending pressure, it is 1/2 of oil pipe injection discharge capacity that the oil jacket annular space injects discharge capacity.After the bottom pressure break was finished, the anti-kill-job that circulates was if confirm that hydraulic ejector 3 performances are intact, behind the upper lifting pipe post, when carrying out upper strata jetting pressure break, because K344 packer 4 is in the state of setting always, the fracturing fluid lower floor of can " not bleeding " can only enter the upper strata that needs pressure break.After whole interval pressure break is finished, trip out hydraulic perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string, be lowered to completion tubular column, product is asked in discharge opeing.
Use a cover hydraulic jet perforation and a fracturing integrated process pipe string, can finish the pressing crack construction operation of multiple discharge capacity, kit is simple.Because the required perforation diameter of different wells, different oil gas interval and quantity, pressing crack construction discharge capacity, formation fracture pressure are different, need to be equipped with different perforation tool and fracturing tool, and hydraulic ejector 3 cleverly structure design can address this problem, by the nozzle that distributes on the hydraulic ejector 3 is changed, shutoff, can satisfy different wells to perforation diameter and quantity, pressing crack construction discharge capacity, formation fracture pressure requirement.
Embodiment 2: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is that the packer that adopts is the Y344 packer.Another difference is a nozzle, and nozzle bore is 5 millimeters; 16 of the quantity of nozzle; The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of nozzle is to be symmetrically distributed, and 16 nozzles are divided into 4 rows, and every row spiral form from bottom to top distributes.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating and fracturing integrated technique is characterized in that:
A, be lowered to layering hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string: pipe string combination mainly is from top to bottom: oil pipe (1), safety joint (2), hydraulic ejector (3), K344 or Y344 packer (4), ball-and-seat (5), screen casing (6), plug (7) are formed, wherein, hydraulic ejector is at first down to the lower floor position that needs perforation;
B, just wash: use the flushing fluid well-flushing before the perforation, just the well-flushing discharge capacity is between 500～1000l/min, and the chemical examination water quality that reaches import and export is identical;
C, lower floor's hydraulic jet perforation: inject perforating fluid from oil pipe (1), perforation operational discharge capacity and well head pressure are determined by nozzle quantity, aperture and nozzle and the sleeve pipe distance of hydraulic ejector, during perforation, perforating fluid injects from oil pipe (1), return out by oil, cover annular space, to finishing lower floor's well-case perforating;
D, lower floor's hydraulic sand blasting pressure break: after lower floor's hydraulic jet perforation is finished, inject fracturing fluid, adopt Φ 73.03mm oil pipe to inject of the fracturing fluid discharge capacity 1.6～2.8m from oil pipe (1)
3/ min, inject the about 20～50MPa of of the fracturing fluid pressure limit, simultaneously, the oil jacket annular space injects original gelatin and carries out pressing crack construction, in order to satisfy the requirement of required discharge capacity of pressure break and reservoir fracture propagation pressure, it is 1/3～1/2 of oil pipe (1) injection discharge capacity that the oil jacket annular space injects discharge capacity;
E, upper strata hydraulic jet perforation, pressure break: when laminated split finish after, the anti-kill-job that circulates; Finish kill-job and upper lifting pipe post, carry on the hydraulic ejector (3) to the position, upper strata that needs perforation, carry out the upper strata hydraulic perforation, pressure break, job practices and lower floor's hydraulic jet perforation, pressure break is identical, when carrying out upper strata jetting pressure break, since hydraulic ejector (3) under the pressing crack construction discharge capacity its inside and outside differential pressure greater than 10MPa, and the chock pressure difference that sets of K344 or Y344 packer (4) only needs 4～8MPa, that is to say, during upper strata hydraulic sand blasting pressure break, K344 or Y344 packer are in the state of setting always, and the fracturing fluid lower floor of can " not bleeding " can only enter the upper strata that needs pressure break, after last interval pressure break is finished, trip out hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing integrated process pipe string, be lowered to completion tubular column, product is asked in discharge opeing.
2, packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating as claimed in claim 1 and fracturing integrated technique, it is characterized in that: rational nozzle bore size, can satisfy the requirement of hydraulic jet perforation, guarantee the requirement of hydraulic sand blasting FRACTURING DESIGN discharge capacity again, hydraulic jet perforation and fracturing technology " are united two into one ", the nozzle bore of hydraulic ejector (3) is 5～8 millimeters, and the quantity of nozzle is 4～16.
3, packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and fracturing integrated technique is characterized in that: the Rankine-Hugoniot relations of the nozzle of described hydraulic ejector (3) is to be symmetrically distributed.
4, packer packing multi-layer hydropower abrasive perforating as claimed in claim 3 and fracturing integrated technique is characterized in that: the Rankine-Hugoniot relations of described nozzle is that spirality is symmetrically distributed.
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| CN101761323A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-30 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Alliance method of oil well perforation, fracturing and snubbing transferring pumping |
| CN101539007B (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2012-01-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Abrasive jetting device and method for abrasive jetting flow and jetting perforation and multiple fracturing |
| CN102418508A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-04-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Water jet packing tool |
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| CN111622719A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand blasting perforation fracturing method for perforated production well |
| CN112343560A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-09 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Fracturing and sand prevention combined process method for exploiting low-permeability reservoir natural gas hydrate |
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