CN101267939A - 防弹层状结构 - Google Patents

防弹层状结构 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101267939A
CN101267939A CNA2006800225988A CN200680022598A CN101267939A CN 101267939 A CN101267939 A CN 101267939A CN A2006800225988 A CNA2006800225988 A CN A2006800225988A CN 200680022598 A CN200680022598 A CN 200680022598A CN 101267939 A CN101267939 A CN 101267939A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
glass plate
plate
edge
glass
layer structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2006800225988A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101267939B (zh
Inventor
M·曼德拉茨
S·勒雷
P·乔萨德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
The shares of the company, Esso grams
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of CN101267939A publication Critical patent/CN101267939A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101267939B publication Critical patent/CN101267939B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10366—Reinforcements of the laminated safety glass or glazing against impact or intrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10972—Degassing during the lamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • F41H5/263—Mounting of transparent armoured panels, e.g. bulletproof windows on vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24182—Inward from edge of web or sheet

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种层状结构，具有：至少三个玻璃板(1、3、5)；聚碳酸酯板(11)；通过粘结层(2、4、10)连接所述板；以及，装甲插入体(20)，由插入体(20)、板(5)的端面和板(11)的边缘限定的空间包括能够吸收射弹能量的材料(30、31)。材料(30、31)包括在装配结构时能够流动且保证除气的材料(30)，以及包封材料(31)。本发明也涉及一种具有高防弹性的玻璃，用于建筑物或用于运输设备，其包括所述的层状结构。

Description

防弹层状结构
本发明涉及高防弹性的层状结构，尤其是例如那些用作装甲玻璃的透明的高防弹性的层状结构。
在本发明的范围内，术语“防弹性”的意思应当理解为对FR EN1063标准中的等级BR 3(口径：357Ma gnum)、BR 4(口径：44Ma gnum)、BR 5(口径：5.56×45)直到等级BR 6(口径：7.62×51)的阻力，以及特别地，对卡拉什尼科夫(Kalachnikov)子弹(口径：7.62×39)的阻力。
所指的装甲玻璃特别适合用作建筑玻璃，尤其是用作装甲运输车的玻璃。
本发明的高防弹性的层状结构包括外围金属装甲插入体，其插入到层状结构的玻璃板组件中的一块玻璃板的0.2到1.3mm的延伸间距的空腔之内。
此外，很多运输车的车窗在其外围上与水平线形成某一角度，例如45°。因此，对这个车窗外围的水平射击也具有大约45°的入射角。
发明人已经注意到，在这些条件下，在与插入体相距较短距离处，尤其是在与插入体的内边相距15到20mm之间，朝插入体限定的区域开火的射击易于在车辆内造成伤害。特别地，这是吸收撞击的玻璃的大约200mm的区域；通常形成车辆内表面的聚碳酸酯变形，使得玻璃裂片易于突出到车辆之内。
因此本发明的目的是保护使用者免于遭受在外围装甲插入体的内边附近、尤其是以大约45°入射角开火的一个或多个射击的伤害。
为此，本发明的主题是一种层状结构，依次包括：至少第一玻璃板；通过粘结层连接于第一玻璃板的第二玻璃板，第二玻璃板的边缘在至少一个侧面上从第一玻璃板的边缘向后移置；通过粘结层连接于第二玻璃板的第三玻璃板，第二玻璃板的边缘在至少所述侧面上从第三玻璃板的边缘向后移置，所述第三玻璃板的边缘自身从第一玻璃板的边缘向后移置；连接于第三玻璃板并在适当位置通过一个或多个粘结层彼此连接的任意一个或多个附加玻璃板；减缓射弹撞击的板，其通过粘结层连接于第三或最后一个玻璃板；以及由高防弹性的材料制成的装甲插入体，其在所述侧面上占据由第一和第三玻璃板的边缘和第二玻璃板的端面限定的空腔的至少一部分。根据本发明的这个层状结构的特征在于：在至少所述侧面上，第三玻璃板和所述附加玻璃板的边缘从为了减缓射弹撞击的板的边缘向后移置，而且装甲插入体、第三玻璃板的端面和减缓射弹撞击的板的边缘之间的空间被能够吸收射弹能量的材料至少部分地填充，而且这个能够吸收射弹能量的材料通过在装配层状结构时能够流动且能够保证除气的材料连接到装甲插入体、第三玻璃板的端面以及减缓射弹撞击的板上，而且，包封材料包封所述层状结构的端面的至少一部分，所述层状结构的端面位于减缓射弹撞击的板的端面和装甲插入体的至少一部分之间，在装配时流动的材料不会透过所述包封材料，并且湿气不会渗透穿过所述包封材料进入到层状结构之内。
本发明的层状结构提供包括在上述极端条件下的持久的子弹防护。这是由于：
-使用能够吸收射弹能量的材料；
-因粘合剂的性能而获得的连接质量，所述粘合剂在装配层板时能流动并保证在压热器内的除气；以及
-对层状结构的一部分的端面的包封，特别包括在减缓射弹撞击的板和连接所述板的粘结层之间的界面，其持久地防止湿气的渗透并从而防止由此产生的脱层。
在大量生产的玻璃单元的构造中所涉及的装配板的操作一般包括以下步骤：首先，所述板在真空中被设置在密闭的密封袋内。其次，这个密封袋被设置在压热器内，在所述压热器内，压力特别是在8到14bar之间，且温度在100到140℃之间。在压热器内焙烤时，柔软的塑料在温度的作用下易于流动，从而在玻璃的端面之上扩展。
在压热器内对层状结构焙烤之前，有利地，在装配层状结构时能够流动且能够保证除气的材料以及包封材料被涂敷到板上。在这些材料完全包围结构的外围时，有必要提供通路，使得在装配时释放的气体可以溢出。根据有利的变形，能够流动且能保证除气的材料是不透气且不透水蒸汽的，从而允许这些气体溢出而不损害装配的质量。可选择地，可以使用辅助装置以使除气更为容易。这个材料还与包封材料和构成减缓射弹撞击的板的材料相容。
在与装甲插入体的下部边缘相距较短距离处朝层状结构的内部(也就是朝光照部分之内)以上升方向的大约45℃的入射角射出的子弹不会遇到第三玻璃板，而是遇到能够吸收射弹能量的材料。这个材料被包封材料和减缓射弹撞击的板紧固耐久地保持。这个装置在本质上能够阻挡子弹。玻璃裂片不会再通过减缓射弹撞击的板或使所述板的边缘脱层而穿透使用者所在的侧面。
在有利的构造中，包封材料从第一玻璃板的边缘向后移置，这样使得这个包封材料与连接第一和第二玻璃板的粘结层的边缘和装甲插入体的边缘形成突出部，所述突出部的厚度允许其插入到安装位置中的框架内或插孔内。
在装配层状结构时能够流动且能够保证除气的材料选自软化温度在80到140℃之间的例如热塑性聚亚安酯这样的热塑性聚合物或共聚物，其可与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯/乙烯基醋酸盐共聚物相结合，或者是由上述物质中的一种或多种和由纤维或由玻璃、芳族聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、钢等构成的结构制成的混合物。
包封材料优选选自在压热器内装配层板的温度下，即在100到140℃之间不会软化的材料，尤其是具有在145到190℃之间的软化温度的材料、热塑性弹性体、聚氯乙烯、热塑性或热固性聚亚安酯、聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯、氯丁橡胶、橡胶、环氧树脂，或由上述物质中的一种或多种和由纤维或由玻璃、芳族聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、钢等构成的结构制成的混合物。
包封材料具有的软化温度高于在压热器内焙烤时使用的温度。因此其构成阻挡物而不阻止能够流动且保证除气的材料的任何流动。对于标准的使用条件，即在100到140℃之间的压热器温度，包封材料的软化温度例如在145到190℃之间。此外，包封材料具有的机械性能足以校正或适应于任何对准缺陷。其肖氏硬度(Shore Ahardness)例如在70到90之间。优选地，其具有例如大于500％的断裂伸长率，且其抗拉强度大于10MPa，根据H3哑铃形试件的NF T 46-002标准测得这些数值。此外，其具有大于200％的伸长率和200到300MPa之间的初始杨氏模量，根据NF T 46-002标准在-40℃的温度下测得这些数值。这个性质防止玻璃在遭受低温时被损坏。
包封材料与任何用于和其接触的材料相容，所要接触的材料是能够流动且保证除气的材料，例如，在车身开口上用于固定玻璃的粘合剂压条和/或用于构成密封接头和/或装配接头的材料，例如包封的或压出的接头。
有利地，这个包封材料是不透水和水蒸汽的。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，第一、第二和第三玻璃板中的至少一个玻璃板或附加玻璃板被强化，尤其是被化学硬化。这个手段改善了免受尖锐射弹伤害的保护性。
例如在专利FR2595091中公开的化学硬化在于：例如用更大直径的其他离子置换钠钙硅玻璃板的表面上的离子，从而产生压缩。
为了相同目的，另一个实施例是这样一个实施例：其中，第一玻璃板的自由表面，也就是用于承受子弹撞击的表面涂有机械强化层。所述机械强化层特别是Si3N4等，其为氢化的四面无定形碳ta-C:H(也称作DLC，代表钻石状的碳)。这些层的厚度特别在5到500nm之间，并且按优选渐减的顺序不超过300nm、100nm、50nm和25nm。所述层的厚度一般为10nm。
通过在氮化气氛中由硅制成的标靶的磁控管溅射来获得Si3N4，所述硅掺有金属，例如铝，以便使其能够充分地导电。
可以由离子源(无论是否根据由直流或交流电激励或由微波辐射激励的、具有或不具有用于加速离子的栅极的阳极层源的原理)中的例如CH4、C2H6、C2H4，C2H2等的初级粒子的分解产生DLC层，由此产生的离子流被引导到基底上，所述基底可被100到2000eV之间的能量加热或不加热。也可以通过任何其他过程，例如通过化学气相沉积(CVD)获得DLC层。
根据本发明的层状结构的其他有利的特征：
-第一和第二玻璃板及附加玻璃板的厚度在2到8mm之间，第三玻璃板的厚度在4到10mm之间，减缓射弹撞击的板的厚度在2到4mm之间，连接两个玻璃板的每个粘结层的厚度在0.3到1.5mm之间，并且，将第三或最后一个玻璃板连接到减缓射弹撞击的板的粘结层的厚度在1.5到3.5mm之间；
-减缓射弹撞击的板由聚碳酸酯等制成，一般用于构成所要保护的使用者所在侧面的表面(如普遍公知的，聚碳酸酯能够通过变形来吸收子弹的一些能量)；和
-装甲插入体由1到4mm之间的厚度的钢等制成，并且从减缓射弹撞击的板的边缘穿入到层状结构之内3到20mm的深度。
此外，在单个或多个撞击时获得了重要的有利效果，其在于：层状结构的分离两块玻璃、或分离一块玻璃和一块例如聚碳酸酯的塑料的中间粘结层中的至少一层在25℃下具有的杨氏模量至少为100MPa，优选400MPa，且特别优选700MPa。这种粘结层的例子是具有增塑剂含量(尤其是包括100份树脂和19份己二酸正己酯)的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、高模量的热塑性聚亚安酯等。
本发明的主题也是用于建筑物或用于陆地、空中或水上运输设备的具有高防弹性的玻璃，其包括如上所述的层状结构。
通过以下示例说明本发明，所述示例参考单幅附图，附图示出根据本发明的玻璃的一个侧面的横截面示意图。
示例
在图中示出的玻璃包括：
-化学硬化的钠钙硅玻璃板(1)，尺寸为404×404mm，具有4mm的厚度；
-化学硬化的钠钙硅玻璃板(3)，尺寸为332×332mm，具有3mm的厚度；
-化学硬化的钠钙硅玻璃板(5)，尺寸为346×346mm，具有6mm的厚度；和
-聚碳酸酯板(11)，尺寸为364×364mm，具有3mm的厚度。
这些板全都彼此相对对中，使得在所有侧面上，板(3)的边缘从板(1)的边缘向后移置36mm，从板(5)的边缘向后移置7mm，板(3)的边缘自身从聚碳酸酯板(11)的边缘向后移置9mm。
通过厚度为0.76mm的热塑性聚亚安酯粘结层(2)连接板(1)和(3)，所述热塑性聚亚安酯粘结层覆盖板(1)的整个表面。
通过厚度为1.14mm的标准的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粘结层(4)连接板(3)和(5)，所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粘结层覆盖这两个玻璃板中的至少最小表面(3)。
通过厚度为2.5mm的热塑性聚亚安酯粘结层(10)连接板(5)和(11)，所述热塑性聚亚安酯粘结层也覆盖板(5)和(11)中的至少最小表面(5)。
装甲插入体(20)形成钢框，其外部尺寸与玻璃板(1)的外部尺寸相同，宽度为35mm，厚度为2mm。装甲插入体的外部边缘与玻璃板(1)的外部边缘对齐，装甲插入体通过粘结层(2)连接到玻璃板(1)。因此装甲插入体(20)的内部边缘与第二玻璃板(3)的边缘相距距离x，这里x＝1mm。
相对于聚碳酸酯板(11)的边缘，装甲插入体(20)从层状结构露出20mm的距离e，并插入到层状结构之内i＝15mm。
在把这些组件结合在一起并以所需的方式使其对齐后，能够在压热器内装配层板的100到140℃的温度下流动的一定量的热塑性聚亚安酯(30)被设置在空腔内，所述空腔在装甲插入体(20)和第三玻璃板(5)与聚碳酸酯板(11)的边缘之间延伸。因此，通过所述热塑性聚亚安酯在装配时的流动以及由于温度和压力的联合效应而促成的除气，热塑性聚亚安酯的量足以填充整个空缺的空间，包括在装配前图中所示的由粘结层(2)、装甲插入体(20)的内部边缘、第二玻璃板(3)的边缘和粘结层(4)限定的空间。热塑性聚亚安酯(30)的量显然取决于第三玻璃板(5)的边缘相对于聚碳酸酯板(11)的边缘的偏移量。大体上，这个偏移量在2.5到19.5mm之间；在本示例中是9mm。
这个热塑性聚亚安酯(30)的量覆盖有包封材料(31)，所述包封材料在压热器内装配层板的温度下不会软化。在这里，所述包封材料是具有大约180℃软化点的聚亚安酯的条带。这个条带(31)的厚度一般在0.5到4mm之间，在本示例中是1mm。所述条带优选是有色的，例如黑色。其肖氏硬度例如约为85±5。因此其结合了刚性以校正构成结构的板的对准误差，又结合了柔性以适应于这些对准误差，并且结合下面的热塑性聚亚安酯(30)实现上述效果。热塑性聚亚安酯(30)保证包封材料(31)在一方面连接于装甲插入体(20)，并在另一方面连接于聚碳酸酯板(11)的边缘。
包封材料(31)防止任何湿气透入到层状结构之内，所述的透入可特别易于造成聚碳酸酯板(11)的脱层。
因此使用在100-140℃下的传统压热器法来装配层状结构。
用44magnum口径的子弹以440±10m/s的速度、以相对于图示的垂直方向的45°入射角朝所获得的层状结构射击。所述结构被应用在金属框架上，所述金属框架支撑在装甲插入体(20)和包封材料(31)的自由表面上，与用层状结构装备装甲运输车身的方法一样。
撞击点位于以下指示的与装甲插入体(20)的内部边缘相距较短距离的位置，其朝向层状结构的内部，也就是朝向光照部分，符号+用于这个距离指示。
第一玻璃单元经受住分布在外围之上的位于+25mm的三次连续射击。
第二玻璃单元经受住位于+25mm的两次射击以及随后在+30mm的一次射击。
第三玻璃单元与前两个玻璃单元的不同之处在于，装甲插入体(20)以i＝17mm插入到层状结构之内，其经受住分布在外围之上的位于+15、+25和+30mm的三次连续射击。
第四和第五玻璃单元经受住位于+25mm的两次射击以及随后在+30mm的两次射击，在所述第四和第五玻璃单元中，装甲插入体(20)以i＝20mm插入到层状结构之内。
朝玻璃单元开火的相同射击与前述射击的不同之处在于，第三玻璃板(5)一直延伸到包封材料(31)，并且将其连接到聚碳酸酯板(11)的粘结层(10)也一直延伸到包封材料(31)。
对于和前述射击相同的射击，特别是在+15到+25mm之间，进行了以下观测：
-没有子弹穿入，但是玻璃裂片突出到所要保护的使用者所在的侧面之上；或者
-一个或多个子弹穿入。
这些试验证明了本发明的结构的所期望的有效性。

Claims (9)

1.一种层状结构，依次包括：至少第一玻璃板(1)；通过粘结层(2)连接于第一玻璃板的第二玻璃板(3)，第二玻璃板(3)的边缘在至少一个侧面上从第一玻璃板(1)的边缘向后移置；通过粘结层(4)连接于第二玻璃板(3)的第三玻璃板(5)，第二玻璃板(3)的边缘在至少所述侧面上从第三玻璃板(5)的边缘向后移置，所述第三玻璃板(5)的边缘自身从第一玻璃板(1)的边缘向后移置；连接于第三玻璃板(5)并在适当位置通过一个或多个粘结层彼此连接的任意一个或多个附加玻璃板；通过粘结层(10)连接于第三或最后一个玻璃板(5)的减缓射弹撞击的板(11)；以及由高防弹性的材料制成的装甲插入体(20)，所述装甲插入体在所述侧面上占据由第一和第三玻璃板(1、5)的边缘和第二玻璃板(3)的端面限定的空腔的至少一部分；其特征在于：在至少所述侧面上，第三玻璃板(5)和所述附加玻璃板的边缘从为了减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的边缘向后移置，装甲插入体(20)、第三玻璃板(5)的端面和减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的边缘之间的空间被能够吸收射弹能量的材料(30、31)至少部分地填充，能够吸收射弹能量的材料(30、31)通过在装配层状结构时能够流动且能够保证除气的材料(30)连接到装甲插入体(20)、第三玻璃板(5)的端面以及减缓射弹撞击的板(11)上，而且，包封材料(31)包封所述层状结构的端面的至少一部分，所述层状结构的端面位于减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的端面和装甲插入体(20)的至少一部分之间，在装配时流动的材料(30)不会透过所述包封材料，并且湿气不会渗透穿过所述包封材料进入到层状结构之内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的层状结构，其特征在于：包封材料(31)从第一玻璃板(1)的边缘向后移置，这样使得所述包封材料与连接第一和第二玻璃板(1、3)的粘结层(2)的边缘和装甲插入体(20)的边缘形成突出部，所述突出部的厚度允许其插入到安装位置中的框架内或插孔内。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：在装配层状结构时能够流动且能够保证除气的材料(30)选自软化温度在80到140℃之间的例如热塑性聚亚安酯这样的热塑性聚合物或共聚物，所述材料可与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯/乙烯基醋酸盐共聚物相结合，或者是由上述物质中的一种或多种和由纤维或由玻璃、芳族聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、钢等构成的结构制成的混合物。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：包封材料(31)选自在压热器内装配层板的温度下，即在100到140℃之间不会软化的材料，尤其是具有在145到190℃之间的软化温度的材料、热塑性弹性体、聚氯乙烯、热塑性或热固性聚亚安酯、聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯、氯丁橡胶、橡胶、环氧树脂，或由上述物质中的一种或多种和由纤维或由玻璃、芳族聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、钢等构成的结构制成的混合物。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：第一、第二和第三玻璃板(1、3、5)中的至少一个玻璃板或附加玻璃板被强化，尤其是被化学硬化。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：第一和第二玻璃板(1、3)及附加玻璃板的厚度在2到8mm之间，第三玻璃板(5)的厚度在4到10mm之间，减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的厚度在2到4mm之间，连接两个玻璃板((1、3)；(3、5))的每个粘结层(2、4)的厚度在0.3到1.5mm之间，并且，将第三或最后一个玻璃板(5)连接到减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的粘结层(10)的厚度在1.5到3.5mm之间。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：减缓射弹撞击的板(11)由聚碳酸酯等制成。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构，其特征在于：装甲插入体(20)由1到4mm之间的厚度的钢等制成，并且从减缓射弹撞击的板(11)的边缘穿入到层状结构之内3到20mm的深度。
9.一种具有高防弹性的玻璃，用于建筑物或用于陆地、空中或水上运输设备，所述玻璃包括根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的层状结构。
CN2006800225988A 2005-06-24 2006-06-23 防弹层状结构 Active CN101267939B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0551755A FR2887489B1 (fr) 2005-06-24 2005-06-24 Structure feuilletee a resistance balistique
FR0551755 2005-06-24
PCT/FR2006/050625 WO2006136761A2 (fr) 2005-06-24 2006-06-23 Structure feuilletee a resistance balistique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101267939A true CN101267939A (zh) 2008-09-17
CN101267939B CN101267939B (zh) 2013-03-27

Family

ID=35559280

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2006800225988A Active CN101267939B (zh) 2005-06-24 2006-06-23 防弹层状结构

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US7908958B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1901917B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5055274B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101294665B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101267939B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0612485B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE212006000042U1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2887489B1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2007016438A (zh)
RU (1) RU2412918C2 (zh)
UA (1) UA92177C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006136761A2 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200800587B (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102642349A (zh) * 2012-05-21 2012-08-22 云南呈达企业集团有限公司 一种新型的防弹防砸复合玻璃

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9162426B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2015-10-20 Saxon Glass Technologies, Inc. Transparent armor systems, methods for making and methods for using
DE202007001565U1 (de) * 2007-02-02 2007-04-05 Isoclima Gmbh Panzerscheibe
WO2009048679A2 (en) * 2007-08-03 2009-04-16 Ermalovich Joseph M Plastic encased multi-threat anti-ballistic material
FR2920764B1 (fr) * 2007-09-07 2009-10-30 Saint Gobain Vitrage resistant aux balles perforantes
US20120180940A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2012-07-19 Yves Bader Method to produce stab and ballistic resistant composite structures
DE102008028318A1 (de) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Esw Gmbh Durchschusshemmender transparenter Schichtverbund und Schutzanordnung mit einem durchschusshemmenden transparenten Schichtverbund
US9157703B2 (en) 2011-04-01 2015-10-13 Am General Llc Transparent Armor Structure
WO2013052182A2 (en) * 2011-06-21 2013-04-11 Bayer Materialscience Llc Polycarbonate laminate for close-proximity blast events
ES2465615T3 (es) 2012-09-04 2020-01-03 Isoclima Spa Ventana antibalas
EP2738512B1 (en) * 2012-11-29 2019-02-20 ISOCLIMA S.p.A. Armoured window construction
US9383173B2 (en) * 2013-07-22 2016-07-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Transparent armor construction
DE102015215065A1 (de) * 2014-08-07 2016-02-11 Ceramtec-Etec Gmbh Kantenbruchsicheres Sichtfenster
CN106494029A (zh) * 2016-11-16 2017-03-15 鲁利东 一种kftrz高聚合复合装甲
US9976306B1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-05-22 Aaron Carlson Corporation Wall support structures and systems
WO2019149730A1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-08 Agc Glass Europe Laminated glazing
CN112105500B (zh) * 2018-03-27 2023-06-23 皮尔金顿集团有限公司 层叠玻璃件
WO2019226495A2 (en) * 2018-05-20 2019-11-28 B.A. Glass & Safety Inc. Unidirectional ballistic glass for defending against simultaneous multi-shot attack

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2068082A (en) * 1935-06-08 1937-01-19 Duplate Corp Laminated glass and process of making the same
US3380406A (en) * 1965-04-28 1968-04-30 Whittaker Corp Composite design for transparent armour
IT999536B (it) * 1972-09-29 1976-03-10 Glaverbel Vetrata resistente agli urti
US3917891A (en) * 1974-04-11 1975-11-04 Asg Ind Inc Fragmentation shield for impact resisting optical medium
FR2447273A1 (fr) * 1979-01-23 1980-08-22 Brinks France Sa Vitrage composite a haute resistance aux impacts
EP0746740A1 (en) * 1993-06-03 1996-12-11 MEDLIN, Richard C. Improved lightweight armored vehicle and method of making same
CN2167989Y (zh) * 1993-07-22 1994-06-08 珠海经济特区兴业安全玻璃股份有限公司兴业汽车安全玻璃厂 车辆用超薄弧面防弹玻璃
DE4336321A1 (de) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-27 Ver Glaswerke Gmbh Beschußhemmende Panzerglasscheibe für Kraftfahrzeuge
FR2721253B1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1996-10-11 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuilleté équipé d'une bande périphérique et méthode de fabrication de ce vitrage.
CN2247098Y (zh) * 1996-04-11 1997-02-12 卢予阳 组合透明防弹板
CN2266508Y (zh) * 1996-06-21 1997-11-05 广东伦教汽车玻璃有限公司 一种改进的防弹玻璃
FR2764841B1 (fr) * 1997-06-18 1999-07-16 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage blinde, notamment lateral fixe ou mobile pour vehicule automobile
DE19745248A1 (de) 1997-10-13 1999-04-15 Isoclima Gmbh Panzerglasscheibe mit Metalleinlage
DE19858082C5 (de) 1998-12-16 2005-10-13 Isoclima Gmbh Panzerglasscheibe für Kraftfahrzeug
FR2795365B1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2002-07-12 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuillete blinde, en particulier pour vehicules automobiles
US7007585B2 (en) * 2003-11-03 2006-03-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-hit transparent armor system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102642349A (zh) * 2012-05-21 2012-08-22 云南呈达企业集团有限公司 一种新型的防弹防砸复合玻璃

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2887489B1 (fr) 2007-08-03
JP2008543717A (ja) 2008-12-04
ZA200800587B (en) 2008-11-26
MX2007016438A (es) 2008-03-07
DE212006000042U1 (de) 2008-02-14
KR20080023223A (ko) 2008-03-12
WO2006136761A2 (fr) 2006-12-28
JP5055274B2 (ja) 2012-10-24
US7908958B2 (en) 2011-03-22
RU2008102652A (ru) 2009-07-27
UA92177C2 (ru) 2010-10-11
WO2006136761A3 (fr) 2007-05-24
BRPI0612485B1 (pt) 2017-05-23
KR101294665B1 (ko) 2013-08-09
BRPI0612485A2 (pt) 2012-10-02
CN101267939B (zh) 2013-03-27
EP1901917A2 (fr) 2008-03-26
FR2887489A1 (fr) 2006-12-29
EP1901917B1 (fr) 2016-02-03
RU2412918C2 (ru) 2011-02-27
US20100132540A1 (en) 2010-06-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101267939B (zh) 防弹层状结构
EP2310197B1 (en) Transparent light-weight safety glazings
US8088472B2 (en) Armored glass composition with perimeter reinforcement
ES2148130T3 (es) Luna de vidrio a prueba de balas para vehiculos de motor.
CN110494285A (zh) 带高级摄像头窗口的汽车夹层玻璃
US7318956B2 (en) One way bullet-resistant transparent panel
EP2703157B1 (en) Bulletproof window
US20030044579A1 (en) Anti-spalling laminated safety glass
US20100300276A1 (en) High-performance bulletproof glazing
GB2440042A (en) Glazing structure comprising pane adhesively bonded to a base which is removably fixed to a structure
US20060105121A1 (en) Pet as edge seal for multilaminated compositions
RU2765781C1 (ru) Многослойное остекление со ступенчатым периферическим элементом из полимерного материала с требуемой максимальной проницаемостью для паров воды
US20120180638A1 (en) Spaced transparent armor for a motorized vehicle
US20080063819A1 (en) Insulated bullet resistant glass
KR101917024B1 (ko) 투명 방탄소재
KR102123491B1 (ko) 방탄 복합재 및 이의 제조 방법
US20200378727A1 (en) Transparent armor potting design for enhanced delamination resistance
US10648778B2 (en) Armored glazing manufactured from mass-produced laminated glazing constituents
CN104626686A (zh) 一种有机防弹玻璃
EP0943886A2 (en) Lightweight armour against firearm projectiles
WO2019008466A1 (en) MULTILAYER LAMINATE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION
CN1006369B (zh) 抗冲击层压板
WO2005062932A2 (en) One way bullet-resistant transparent panel meeting nij level iii standards and armor piercing bullt-resistant transparent panel
MX2007003689A (en) Armored glass composition with perimeter reinforcement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20161221

Address after: Italy Esther

Patentee after: The shares of the company, Esso grams

Address before: Kolb tile

Patentee before: Saint-Gobain Glass France