CN101265824B - 内燃机系统 - Google Patents

内燃机系统 Download PDF

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CN101265824B
CN101265824B CN2008100079802A CN200810007980A CN101265824B CN 101265824 B CN101265824 B CN 101265824B CN 2008100079802 A CN2008100079802 A CN 2008100079802A CN 200810007980 A CN200810007980 A CN 200810007980A CN 101265824 B CN101265824 B CN 101265824B
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combustion engine
nozzle
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CN101265824A (zh
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肯德尔·托马斯·达菲尔德
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Deere and Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1493—Purging the reducing agent out of the conduits or nozzle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

用于微粒捕集器的再生系统和方法，一内燃机系统包括具有进气口和燃烧产物排气口的内燃机。该内燃机具有用于压缩与燃烧产物通道相应的进气口空气的涡轮增压器；一排放物后处理设备，其接收所述内燃机的排放物以过滤柴油机微粒；一再生所述排放物后处理设备的设备，其具有进料管线和喷嘴，用于周期性地喷射燃料在所述排放物后处理设备的上游。一种用于当所述再生设备不喷射燃料时利用来自所述内燃机涡轮增压器的压缩空气吹洗所述燃料管线和喷嘴的系统和方法。

Description

内燃机系统
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机系统，尤其涉及用于柴油机微粒捕集器再生的系统。 
背景技术
柴油机已在商业、工业、农业和其他高负载领域应用100多年，主要的柴油发动机循环可提高一部分燃料功效，因而成为工农业选择的一种发动机类型。虽然柴油机有着高效和耐久性的特征，随着世界城市人口的大量增长，带来的环境问题日益显著。无论哪里的这种影响都不比在美国更明显，美国环保署成立于30年前，在随后的几年，美国环保署提议并采取措施限制公路车辆排放量。这些标准已经应用于非公路车辆，比如拖拉机、联合机及其它通常不能在公路上行驶的包含发电系统的车辆。美国环保署已采纳排放标准，最近的是IV级。这种要求需要柴油机微粒过滤器，同时要求过滤器再生以清除堆积在过滤器的微粒物。 
许多用于再生过滤器的系统，依靠局部温度600℃以上时柴油机微粒物燃烧。这些系统可以包括发动机管理、电阻加热盘管、微波发生器及燃料燃烧器以增加排放温度。另一个系统是将雾化形式燃料喷射在催化氧化器上游以增加过滤器周围的排放温度。此系统的一个问题是使燃料喷嘴和连接燃料喷嘴的管线会遭受高的环境温度，达到一温度区域使燃料易于成焦炭并在燃料喷嘴和相关联的供应通道形成堆积物。 
解决重型公路车辆的此问题的方法是用来自标准空气闸系统供应箱的压缩空气吹扫管线，所述压缩空气通常为100磅/平方英寸(psi)，尽管这种系统适用于公路柴油机动力装置，但是不适用于非公路农用设备，其通常不能用压缩空气作为气闸系统的动力源。 
因此，在本领域需要一个再生系统，其利用使用压缩空气的吹洗方法，所述压缩空气来自除了专用泵和压缩空气存贮器的源。 
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种内燃机系统，包括一内燃机，其具有进气口和燃烧产物排气口；一设备，其压缩空气以输送至内燃机进气口进行燃烧；一排放 物后处理设备，其接收来自所述内燃机的排放物；一再生设备，用于所述排放物后处理设备，其具有进料管线和喷嘴以周期性喷射燃料于所述排放物后处理设备上游；一系统，用于在再生设备不喷射燃料时利用所述进气口空气压缩设备的空气吹洗所述燃料管线和喷嘴。 
本发明的另一目的是提供一种吹洗内燃机的燃料驱动再生设备中的燃料管线和喷嘴的方法，所述内燃机具有一个用于压缩空气以输送至内燃机的设备，所述方法包括以下步骤： 
从所述空气压缩设备中吸取空气； 
将所述吸取的压缩空气贮存在存贮器中；及 
当燃料管线不为所述再生设备接收燃料时，释放压缩空气至所述燃料管线。 
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例所述内燃机系统的示意图。 
具体实施方案 
图1所示内燃机系统包括发动机10，此处为柴油型，其中压缩的热量使供送燃料燃烧以产生推进力，所述推进力通过连杆和曲轴被转化为旋转输出。内燃机系统具有一燃料系统(无显示)，可提供燃料供送的时间和数量控制以产生适当的动力、燃油效率及排放水平。内燃机通过排气连接管14与涡轮增压器12连接。所述涡轮增压器12具有涡轮部件16，该涡轮部件通过管14接收来自发动机10的燃烧产物以产生旋转输出，该旋转输出用于驱动压缩机部件18以压缩来自管线20和空气过滤器22的进气口空气。所述压缩空气通过管线24由压缩机18释放至中间冷却器26。中间冷却器26接收被压缩机18加热的空气并将其冷却以增加电荷密度。所述中间冷却器26可以是适合特定应用的空气-空气或空气-冷却剂类型。来自中间冷却器26的冷却的输出由管线28供应给发动机10的进气口，被发动机以标准方式消耗。 
来自涡轮增压器12的涡轮16的输出通过排气管线30供应给排放物后处理设备，通常引用数字符号32表示。排放物后处理设备32包括柴油机微粒过滤器34，(DPF)，其过滤来自流过管线30的排放物的微粒。柴油机微粒过滤器的一个特征是它持续收集微粒直到穿过柴油机微粒过滤器的压力下降增至要求微粒过滤器再生。附着在过滤器34上的微粒将会在大约600℃时燃烧。可使用各种方法来 获得该温度，以使微粒燃烧或烧毁并从过滤器清除阻塞物。 
虽然可使用许多其它形式的再生系统，图1所示系统利用柴油机微粒过滤器上游的柴油机氧化催化剂36。所述柴油机氧化催化剂与喷嘴38结合使用，所述喷嘴可将适当数量的燃料喷入排气管线30，所述燃料与所述柴油机氧化催化剂反应以增加所排放气体的温度至所述微粒即将燃烧的点。燃料喷嘴38由燃料计量系统提供适当数量的燃料，所述燃料计量系统引用数字40表示。所述计量系统40通过管线42接收来自适当源的燃料供应。应当注意，典型地，所述管线42中的燃料源将为内燃机12提供燃料控制。回流管44把不通过喷嘴38的燃料回流至适当的燃料供给源。止回阀46提供燃料由管线42只流进计量设备48。压力传感器50被用来控制流向燃料喷嘴38。一个T形接头52安装在计量设备48的下游。在发动机工作循环中的适当时间，所述计量设备48启动以通过喷嘴38提供适当数量的燃料，以增加穿过柴油机氧化催化剂的排放温度，从而使温度增加至微粒燃烧点。 
所述喷嘴38和管线54暴露在排放管线30主导的温度下。这些温度在运行期间可以达到一定值，使喷嘴38和管线54中的任何残留燃料成为焦炭并损害系统的运行。为了防止这种情况的发生，一空气供给管线56连接在T形接头52和空气存贮器62之间。管线56中的电磁阀58提供控制，止回阀60只允许空气流向T形接头52。管线56延伸至空气存贮器62，所述空气存贮器62具有适合下述吹洗过程正常运行的容量。 
通过管线64延伸至中间冷却器26输出管线28，空气存贮器62连接至涡轮增压器12中的压缩机18的输出。管线64中的止回阀66只允许空气流向空气存贮器62，而且测流孔68限制流入空气存贮器的空气数量和流速。如此处所示，进入到空气存贮器62的压力输入位于中间冷却器26的下游。然而可选择地，通过虚线形式所示的管线70，其可连接至上游部件。另一电磁阀72位于燃料回流管44中，以完善所述再生系统的组成。 
在发动机10运行过程中，通过排气管线30的微粒被收集到柴油机微粒过滤器34上。通过适当的压差传感器(无显示)，通过增加排放温度，该系统被触发以再生所述过滤器34。在这一点上，燃料通过管线42被输送通过燃料计量表48，适当数量的燃料通过喷嘴38被喷射进入排气管线30。与DOC相互作用的燃料在 后处理设备32中引起温度的提升，达到微粒燃烧的程度。 
当柴油机氧化催化剂(DOC)的再生完成后，通过打开电磁阀58，T形接头52与存贮器62连接，关闭回流管电磁阀72以防止空气通过回流管44流动。在此位置，空气通过管线56、54及喷嘴38从空气存贮器62输送至有效地完全吹洗管线54和喷嘴38。同时止回阀46阻止空气流回燃料供给管线46。这减少了燃料管线或喷嘴中残留的任何燃料，以使焦化最小化。虽然所示的电磁阀和止回阀用以控制空气并充分限制其至喷嘴38和燃料管线54，显而易见，本领域的技术人员可以使用其它布置，例如利用三通阀取代T形接头52。 
通过利用来自发动机进气口压缩系统中的引气，省去了专用空气压缩泵的必要。测流孔68限制来自发动机运行系统的空气流量以对发动机性能具有很小的影响。据发现，在正常操作条件下，不超过5％的流量必须供给空气存贮器。也发现显著低于以前提到的空气压力值对燃料管线54和喷嘴38是足够和合适的。即使在特殊情况下，低至30磅/每平方英寸(psi)的压力值可为此目的而使用，因为即使在极端条件下，存在于排气管线中的压力值不高于5psi。 
简单的止回阀和电磁阀的使用能在不使用复杂分流阀的前提下就可吹洗燃料管线和喷嘴。止回阀和电磁阀相对便宜但在服务上十分可靠。 
以优选的实施例对本发明进行了描述，然而，应当理解的是，除了此处具体表示和描述的，本发明还可以其它方式实施。 

Claims (10)

1.一种内燃机系统，包括：
一内燃机，其具有进气口和燃烧产物排气口；
一压缩设备，其用于压缩进气口空气以传送至所述内燃机燃烧；
一排放物后处理设备，其接收所述内燃机的排放物；
一再生所述排放物后处理设备的设备，其具有燃料管线和喷嘴，用于周期性地喷射燃料在所述排放物后处理设备的上游；
一系统，其用于当用于再生所述排放物后处理设备的再生设备不喷射燃料时，利用来自所述压缩设备的空气吹洗所述燃料管线和喷嘴，用于吹洗燃料管线的所述系统具有一接收来自所述压缩设备的空气的存贮器及一延伸至所述燃料管线和喷嘴的出口；
一中间冷却器，其插入所述压缩设备和所述内燃机进气口之间用于冷却空气，其中用于吹洗燃料管线的所述系统从所述中间冷却器的下游点和所述中间冷却器上游点其中之一接收空气；和
位于所述存贮器和所述压缩设备之间的测量孔，其用于限制从所述压缩设备至所述存贮器的空气流量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：所述压缩设备是涡轮增压器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：还包括一个位于所述存贮器和所述压缩设备之间的止回阀，其只允许空气从所述压缩设备流入所述存贮器中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：还包括一个位于所述存贮器与所述燃料管线和喷嘴之间的止回阀，其只允许空气流向燃料管线和喷嘴。
5.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：用于吹洗管线的空气压力值低至30磅/平方英寸。
6.一种内燃机系统，包括：
一内燃机，其具有进气口和燃烧产物排气口；
一压缩设备，其用于压缩进气口空气以传送至所述内燃机燃烧；
一排放物后处理设备，其接收所述内燃机的排放物；
一再生所述排放物后处理设备的设备，其具有燃料管线和喷嘴，用于周期性地喷射燃料在所述排放物后处理设备的上游；
一系统，其用于当用于再生所述排放物后处理设备的再生设备不喷射燃料时，利用来自所述压缩设备的空气吹洗所述燃料管线和喷嘴，用于吹洗燃料管线的所述系统具有一接收来自所述压缩设备的空气的存贮器及一延伸至所述燃料管线和喷嘴的出口；
位于所述存贮器和所述压缩设备之间的测量孔，其用于限制从所述压缩设备至所述存贮器的空气流量；和
一设置在远离所述排气口的燃料计量设备，所述燃料计量设备接收增压燃料的供给并连接至所述燃料管线和喷嘴，并具有一不被喷嘴所用的回流管及一位于燃料计量设备下游的接头，只允许空气从所述压缩设备流向所述燃料管线和喷嘴。
7.根据权利要求6所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：还包括一个控制设备，其用于选择性地允许燃料流向所述喷嘴和空气流向所述喷嘴。
8.根据权利要求7所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：所述控制设备包括电磁阀，其用于控制燃料流向所述燃料管线和空气流向所述燃料管线。
9.根据权利要求8所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：所述控制设备还包括止回阀，用于分别允许燃料只流向所述燃料计量设备和允许空气只从所述压缩设备流向所述燃料管线。
10.根据权利要求9所述的内燃机系统，其特征在于：所述电磁阀分别位于所述压缩设备与所述燃料管线之间及所述回流管中。
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