CN101262973B - 铣削刀片和铣削工具 - Google Patents

铣削刀片和铣削工具 Download PDF

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CN101262973B
CN101262973B CN2006800334237A CN200680033423A CN101262973B CN 101262973 B CN101262973 B CN 101262973B CN 2006800334237 A CN2006800334237 A CN 2006800334237A CN 200680033423 A CN200680033423 A CN 200680033423A CN 101262973 B CN101262973 B CN 101262973B
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约尔玛·科基宁
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Seco Tools AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/202—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/06—Face-milling cutters, i.e. having only or primarily a substantially flat cutting surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/202—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form
    • B23C5/205—Plate-like cutting inserts with special form characterised by chip-breakers of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B23B27/1603—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove
    • B23B27/1611—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove characterised by having a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23C2200/0405—Hexagonal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23C2200/0444—Pentagonal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
    • B23C2200/203—Curved cutting edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
    • B23C2200/205—Discontinuous cutting edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/28—Angles
    • B23C2200/286—Positive cutting angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
    • B23C2200/32—Chip breaking or chip evacuation
    • B23C2200/326—Chip breaking or chip evacuation by chip-breaking grooves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23C2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23C2228/10—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
    • Y10T407/235—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges with integral chip breaker, guide or deflector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/24—Cutters, for shaping with chip breaker, guide or deflector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/24—Cutters, for shaping with chip breaker, guide or deflector
    • Y10T407/245—Cutters, for shaping with chip breaker, guide or deflector comprising concave surface in cutting face of tool

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于排屑加工的可转位铣削刀片和铣削工具。该铣削刀片旨在能够在工件中铣削基本垂直的角部。该铣削刀片(10)包括上面侧(11)、下面侧(12)和在它们之间延伸的刃表面(13A、13B、14A、14B、15A、15B)。所述上面侧(11)和下面侧(12)基本相同。内接在铣削刀片(10)中的假想圆(C)在四到六个点(S1、S2)上与铣削刀片外围接触。刃表面和侧之间的相交线形成相互之间基本垂直的主切削刃(16)和副切削刃(17)。每个所述的侧(11、12)包括支承表面(18、19)，每个所述支承表面被设置在平面(P1、P2)中。每个副切削刃(17)从相关的支承表面(18、19)的平面(P1、P2)凸出。每个主切削刃(16)与相关的支承表面的平面(P1、P2)相交。

Description

铣削刀片和铣削工具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于排屑加工的铣削刀片和铣削工具。
在金属加工中用于铣削90°角部的铣削刀片已为所知，比如参见美国专利No.6,142,716。已知的铣削刀片的缺点是使用相对昂贵并提供不稳定的定位。
发明目的
本发明的一个目的是提供经济有利的用于在金属工件中铣削90°角部的铣削刀片。
本发明的另外一个目的是提供用于铣削的铣削刀片，其能够将铣削刀片固定地定位在铣削本体上。
这些和其他目的已经通过根据参考公开的附图的附加的权利要求的铣削刀片和铣削工具而得以实现。
附图说明
图1A表示根据本发明的铣削刀片的顶视图。图1B表示铣削刀片的基本形状的顶视图。图1C表示铣削刀片根据图1A中线C-C的截面图。图1D表示铣削刀片根据图1A中线D-D的截面图。图1E表示铣削刀片的侧视图。图1F表示铣削刀片的透视图。图2A表示装配有根据本发明的铣削刀片的根据本发明的铣削工具。图2B表示图2A中铣削工具的放大部分。
具体实施方式
图1A-1F表示根据本发明的用于铣削的双侧或可转位切削刀片，下面称为铣削刀片。该铣削刀片10具有三角形或六角形的基本形状并由直接压制的硬质金属制成。或者，该铣削刀片可以具有四个或五个角。此处的“硬质金属”指的是与金属粘结剂例如Co或Ni烧结组合的WC、TiC、TaC、NbC等等。该铣削刀片优选至少部分地覆有诸如Al2O3、TiN和/或TiCN层。在某些情形下，切削刃由钎焊的诸如CBN或PCD的超硬材料制成，这是有根据的。图1B中表示了铣削刀片的基本形状，其中25表示具有刃的直角切削角部，在那个时候一个角部在起作用，26表示钝的角部。铣削过程中该钝的角部26通常不切削。铣削刀片旨在被安装在旨在在铣床中被旋转的铣削本体中。该铣削本体包括至少一个为了接收铣削刀片的铣削刀片槽。该铣削刀片10旨在能够在工件50中铣削基本垂直的角部，如图2所示。该铣削刀片10包括上面侧11、下面侧12和它们之间延伸的刃表面13A、13B、14A、14B、15A、15B。该上面侧11和下面侧12基本相同。内接在铣削刀片10中的假想圆C在六个点S1、S2处与铣削刀片外围接触。或者，对于方形的铣削刀片，内接在铣削刀片中的假想圆在四个点处与铣削刀片外围接触。在另外一个选择中，对于五角形的铣削刀片，内接在铣削刀片上的假想圆在五个点处与铣削刀片外围接触。在根据图1A的顶视图中，刃表面和侧之间的相交线形成相互之间基本垂直的主切削刃16和副切削刃17，它们在切削角部25经由抹圆角边(nose edge)20相交。每个侧11、12包括支承表面18、19，每个各自被设置在平面P1和P2中。该支承表面18或19旨在邻靠铣削刀片槽的基面。该平面P1、P2优选平行，使得安装在铣削本体上的铣削刀片公开了相同的属性，而与已经提出的侧11、12无关。每个副切削刃17从与支承表面18、19相关的平面P1、P2突出，使得当铣削刀片被安装在铣削刀片槽中之后，该副切削刃在铣削刀片的所有零件的铣削刀具的轴向到达最远处。此处的“相关”意为“设置在相同侧的”或“在铣削过程中协作的”。每个主切削刃16与支承表面相关的平面P1、P2相交，并与平面P1、P2形成锐角α。该角α为5-20°，优选为10-16°。该角α使得当铣削刀片被安装在铣削刀片槽中之后，主切削刃容易切削并具有正的轴角。每个副切削刃17被设置在远离所有所述点S1和S2的地方。每个主切削刃16包括所述点S1中的一个。当铣削刀片从根据图1A的顶视图看时，与主切削刃16上点S1相交并且与铣削刀片相关的副切削刃17相交的线L还与相关的支承表面18、19相交。这意味着支承表面18、19可以靠近活动的切削刃，使得来自铣削操作的切削力能够传送到铣削本体而不折断铣削刀片。每个副切削刃17基本平行于平面P1、P2延伸，比如图1E所示。每个主切削刃16连接到断屑凹槽21，该断屑凹槽21相对于平面P1、P2凹进，以便刃16提供正的倾角，以便在工件中容易切削。在铣削刀片10中心设有孔22。相关的主切削刃16和副切削刃17之间的平分线B与孔22的中心相交。孔22相对侧的平分线B，面向远离切削角部25，在点S1和S2之间与铣削刀片外围相交。该切削刃16、17连接到加强斜面，该加强斜面具有沿着主切削刃16和副切削刃17的宽度，并在基本对称于平分线B的抹圆角边20处具有更大的宽度。因而切削角部的强度得以增加。与切削角部25相对的主切削刃16具有位于两点S1和S2之间的末端23。该铣削刀片10包括六对相关的主切削刃16和副切削刃17。该主切削刃和副切削刃每一对通过凸出弯曲的抹圆角边20相互连接。上面侧和下面侧与刃表面13A-15B形成90°的刃角度，也就是说，该铣削刀片具有负的基本形状。中心放置的孔22用于在安装铣削本体时接收紧固设备，比如螺杆，比如如图2B所示。该副切削刃17从支承表面18、19的平面P1、P2凸出大约0.02-1mm的范围。根据本发明的铣削工具包括具有许多刀片槽的铣削本体40。每个铣削刀片槽旨在接收如上所设计的铣削刀片10。因此，该铣削刀片槽的基本形状为矩形到六边形。从而内接在铣削刀片槽中没有示出的假想圆在没有示出的六个点处与铣削刀片槽外围接触。或者，对于方形的铣削刀片槽，内接在铣削刀片槽中的圆在四个点处与铣削刀片槽外围接触。在另外一个选择中，对于五角形的铣削刀片槽，内接在铣削刀片槽中的假想圆在五个点上与铣削刀片槽外围接触。
因此，本发明涉及经济有利的用于铣削的铣削刀片，其能够将铣削刀片固定地定位在铣削本体和铣削工具上。
本发明没有被限制于上面描述的实施例，而是能够在附加的权利要求的限制内被自由改动。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于在工件中铣削基本垂直的角部的可转位铣削刀片，所述铣削刀片(10)包括上面侧(11)、下面侧(12)和在它们之间延伸的刃表面(13A、13B、14A、14B、15A、15B)，所述上面侧(11)和下面侧(12)基本相同，其中在所述铣削刀片(10)中的内切假想圆(C)在四到六个点(S1、S2)处与所述铣削刀片外围接触，其中所述刃表面和所述上面侧和下面侧之间的相交线形成相互之间基本垂直的主切削刃(16)和副切削刃(17)，所述的上面侧和下面侧(11、12)各包括一支承表面(18、19)，各支承表面被分别设置在一相应的平面(P1、P2)中，其特征在于，每个副切削刃(17)从设置在与副切削刃相同侧的支承表面(18、19)的所述平面(P1、P2)凸出，每个主切削刃(16)与设置在与主切削刃相同侧的支承表面的所述平面(P1、P2)相交。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，每个副切削刃(17)被设置在远离所有所述点(S1、S2)的地方，每个主切削刃(16)包括所述点中的一个点(S1)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，与每个主切削刃(16)上的所述一个点(S1)相交并且与设置在与主切削刃相同侧的副切削刃(17)相交的线(L)还与设置在与主切削刃相同侧的支承表面(18、19)相交。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，每个副切削刃(17)基本平行于所述平面(P1、P2)延伸。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，每个主切削刃(16)与所述平面(P1、P2)形成5-20°的锐角(α)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，每个主切削刃(16)连接到断屑凹槽(21)，该断屑凹槽(21)相对于所述平面(P1、P2)凹进。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，在所述铣削刀片(10)中心设有孔(22)，设置在相同侧的主切削刃(16)和副切削刃(17)之间的平分线(B)与所述孔(22)的中心相交。
8.根据权利要求7所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，所述孔(22)的另一侧上的所述平分线(B)，在所述点(S1、S2)中的两点之间与所述铣削刀片外围相交。
9.根据权利要求7所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，主切削刃(16)和副切削刃(17)经过抹圆角边在切削角部(25)相交，与该切削角部(25)相对的主切削刃(16)具有被设置在所述点(S1、S2)中的两点之间的末端(23)。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的铣削刀片，其特征在于，所述铣削刀片(10)包括六对设置在相同侧的主切削刃(16)和副切削刃(17)，所述主切削刃和所述副切削刃每一对通过凸出弯曲的抹圆角边(20)相互连接。
11.包括具有许多刀片槽的铣削本体(40)的铣削工具，其特征在于，每个铣削刀片槽用于接收根据权利要求1-10中的任一项所设计的铣削刀片(10)。
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CN101262973A (zh) 2008-09-10
EP1931487A4 (en) 2011-05-18
SE0502139L (sv) 2007-03-29
KR101240880B1 (ko) 2013-03-07
CZ302208B6 (cs) 2010-12-15
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EP1931487B1 (en) 2012-08-22

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