CN101198848B - 对浇口盘中的钢水进行连续温度测量的装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于熔融金属(1)温度的连续测量的系统,与在连铸机浇口盘(2)中类似,所述系统使用光学过程以控制连铸速度,该系统还包括由冷却套(30)保护的红外光传感器(8)。该与光纤(9)和光信号(10)配合的双色传感器(8)集中于高导热和导光陶瓷管(15并能够实现浇口盘(2)中钢水(1)温度的精确指示。此实用性的装置避免了当前使用的方法的不便。其减少了操作者暴露于高温的时间,也减少了维修停工时间,使操作危险最小,改善了安全性并实现了快速、简单的更换,因此改善板坯质量并因此降低了成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明是对利用光学方法的钢水温度连续测量系统作出的一种改进。
背景技术
在过去的数十年中,钢厂在生产率和能源节约控制方面,同时在环境保护的立场上经历了不断的改进。
考虑到钢铁的生产过程需要严格的温度控制,尤其在高温中,温度测量在实现适当的生产流程发展所需条件中起到至关重要的作用。鼓风炉和精炼炉中气体和固体物质之间的化学反应是处理阶段的实例,在这些阶段中温度控制对于在产品质量方面获得最好结果是十分必要的。
考虑到在这些过程中测量温度是非常困难的,因为它涉及处理转炉,铁水包和持续浇铸浇口盘中的钢水,温度监控通过采用特殊的铂或贵金属合金热电偶实现。这些热电偶被安装在一次性探头上用于最终测量或被适当地保护以用于长期测量,和在连续浇铸凝固过程中的情况一样。为了得到最优连续浇铸机器运行控制和合适的板坯质量,这一过程需要连续的温度测量。
现在,采用的方法是光学红外高温计,其操作原理是基于由一种特定的材料发出的光线。该光线被传感器捕获并由光纤传输到信号转换器(从光到电信号)。读数由电信号变换器通过计算并显示温度的数学方程式处理。该系统主要由测量装置,关节式(articulated)操纵器,信号转换装置和控制系统组成。
所述测量装置与所述关节式操纵器机械连接并与信号转换装置电连接。
所述光学部件正是测量部件,包括一个光传感器,紧固管,钢制软管和光纤。光纤将来自光传感器的信号传输至信号转换装置,换由该信号转换装置将该信号作为电信号传输到控制系统。
测量管是一个浸入钢水中的陶瓷管并且作为光传感器的视野范围。
为了进行测量,关节式操纵器操作测量系统使得它位于浇口盘之上,并且移动它直到陶瓷测量管浸入金属融池到达预定的深度。光传感器和浸入金属融池中的测量管末端之间距离的调整,以及测量管的特有的内侧轮廓和传感器校准(alignment),使传感器集中于希望的视场。
从经济的角度来看,已证实这个方法比采用B型铂传感器(热电偶)更有利。但是,它面临特定的技术和操作的问题,比如:红外传感器主体中较高的温度(>200℃);监控温度以保护传感器的需要;传感器保护和安装盒的类型;固定传感器所需不锈钢管的长度和内径;使得应用合适并且使陶瓷装置更易于更换;不影响测量而理想的冷却传感器和光纤;准确测定传感器和陶瓷管底部之间的距离;陶瓷管内径的界定以进行准确测量;适当的陶瓷管长度;陶瓷管中二氧化硅的出现和去除;传感器和光纤冷却系统中的气压变化;当钢液池的高度平面变化时的测量干扰;不锈钢管中传感器的固定和校准;测量响应时间的调整;校准因子的调整;两传感器的测量比(斜率)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决这些问题并使光学仪器能在涉及高温的工艺中用于连续温度测量,例如连续铸造工艺中。本发明设计了一种装置,它能适应并保护测量管和光学仪器。
具体来说,本发明公开了一种对浇口盘中的钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,用于进行熔融金属的连续温度测量,如连铸机浇口盘中钢水的温度,该装置包括具有光学红外传感器和光纤的光学部件,用于通过光纤从光学红外传感器接收信号的信号转换装置,和控制系统,转换后的信号被传送至控制系统,其特征在于,增加陶瓷管的长度,以降低由于浇口盘中的钢水的液面变化引起的温度测量的不稳定性,其中,陶瓷管装配有惰性气体出口孔,以允许去除在测量过程中陶瓷管内部形成的二氧化硅颗粒,并且它采用冷却的惰性气体压力控制来保持测量的稳定性;陶瓷管被支撑在陶瓷管座上并且用配有翼形螺母或类似物的关节连接的锁止杆固定。
附图说明
图1和2示出了该装置,其中:
1.钢水
2.浇口盘
3.测量装置
4.关节连接的操纵器
5.信号转换装置
6.控制系统
7.操作臂和惰性气体入口
8.光学红外传感器
9.光纤
10.光信号转换器
11.钢制软管
12.光传感器紧固接头
13.光传感器紧固和冷却管
14.用于陶瓷测量装置的导向管
15.陶瓷管
16.惰性气体出口孔
17.锁止杆
18.锁止杆铰链
19.用于紧固锁止杆的翼形螺母(thumb nut)
20.维修进出盖(maintenance access cover)
21.光传感器温度监控的热电偶
22.操作臂
23.陶瓷管座
24.内传感器温度控制
25.音频-视频显示
26.局部连续温度显示
27.连铸机(continuous casting machine)的可编程逻辑控制器
28.监控台
29.处理计算机
30.冷却套
具体实施方式
改进的测量装置以保护光学红外传感器(8)的冷却套(30)为特点。这是一个双色传感器(8)且具有光纤(9)和光学信号转换器(10)(从光信号到电信号)。光学红外传感器(8)被集中于一个由压制石墨化氧化铝(pressed graphited alumina)制成的陶瓷管(15)内,所述陶瓷管能够提供快速的光传导和热传导,从而使得钢在浇口盘(2)中的同时时,钢水(1)的温度能够被准确测量。陶瓷管(15)的寿命取决于生产的钢的等级。平均能够延续24小时,最终会更长。更换陶瓷管(15)的底座以确保精确制造和操作过程中容易更换。为使陶瓷管(15)更容易更换,对光学传感器(13)的冷却和紧固管作出改进。光传感器温度监控热电偶(21)和温度控制器(24)配合,如果温度高于设定值则产生音频-视频显示(25)。
所述光学红外传感器(8)的基本操作原理是基于读取由特定材料发出的光辐射。辐照光由光学红外感应器(8)读取并由光纤(9)传输到信号转换器(10),该信号转换器将信号从光学信号转变成电信号(4到20mA输出)。双色光学红外传感器(8)具有两个用于同时读取的传感器。读数作为工艺温度的输出由电信号转换器(10)通过计算和传递的数学方程式处理,该工艺温度和陶瓷管(15)温度成比例。方程式结果不取决于陶瓷管(15)的发射率(emissivity),而只取决于热陶瓷管(15)内产生的波长,该波长和陶瓷管所承受的温度成比例。
在这个系统中,陶瓷管(15)需要每运行15小时更换一次,即,当浇口盘(2)被更换的时候;光学红外传感器(8)不是必须更换的。更换过程是快速、简单的工作。
采用这种测量装置的优点是:操作者暴露于高温的时间更少,操作的安全性增强,操作成本更低,维护费用减少,测量可靠性更高,以及能够通过过程计算机控制浇铸速度。
该装置在测量和进行陶瓷管(15)更换时不受操作者的影响,因为光学红外传感器(8)的装配方式使得在更换陶瓷管(15)时外部碰撞不会造成任何损坏。
Claims (11)
1.一种利用光纤和红外高温计对浇口盘中的钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,用于进行熔融金属的连续温度测量,所述装置包括具有光学红外传感器(8)和光纤的光学部件,用于通过所述光纤从所述光学红外传感器(8)接收信号的信号转换装置,和控制系统,转换后的所述信号被传送至所述控制系统,其特征在于,增加陶瓷管(15)的长度,以降低由于浇口盘(2)中的钢水(1)的液面变化引起的温度测量的不稳定性,其中,陶瓷管(15)装配有惰性气体出口孔(16),以允许去除在测量过程中陶瓷管(15)内部形成的二氧化硅颗粒,并且它采用冷却的惰性气体压力控制来保持测量的稳定性;陶瓷管(15)被支撑在陶瓷管座(23)上并且用配有翼形螺母(19)的关节连接的锁止杆(17)固定。
2.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述光学红外传感器(8)为双色传感器。
3.如权利要求2所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述双色传感器设置有两个传感器。
4.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述陶瓷管(15)由压制石墨化氧化铝制成。
5.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述装置包括温度控制器(24)。
6.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述温度控制器(24)产生音频-视频显示(25)。
7.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述装置包括电信号转换器(10),该电信号转换器计算和传递与所述陶瓷管(15)的温度成比例的温度作为输出。
8.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述装置包括冷却套(30)。
9.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述陶瓷管座(23)连接至承装在冷却套(30)中的光学传感器(8)。
10.如权利要求9所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,所述陶瓷管座(23)通过锁止杆(17)、锁止杆铰链(18)和翼形螺母连接至承装在冷却套(30)中的光学传感器(8)。
11.如权利要求1所述的对钢水进行连续温度测量的装置,其中,在所述冷却套(30)中组装所述光学红外传感器(8)提供了对更换所述陶瓷管(15)时的外部碰撞的保护。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BRPI0502779-9A BRPI0502779B1 (pt) | 2005-06-09 | 2005-06-09 | Dispositivo para medição contínua de temperatura do aço líquido no distribuidor com pirômetro infravermelho e fibra óptica |
BRPI05027799 | 2005-06-09 | ||
BRPI0502779-9 | 2005-06-09 | ||
PCT/BR2006/000133 WO2006130941A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 | 2006-06-07 | Device for continuous temperature measurement of molten steel in the undish using optical fiber and infra-red pyrometer |
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CN101198848A CN101198848A (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
CN101198848B true CN101198848B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
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US (1) | US7690841B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1893959B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4700730B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101198848B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0502779B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2386293T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2383874C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006130941A1 (zh) |
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DE102010034663A1 (de) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Universität Bremen | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur faseroptischen Füllstandsmessung von flüssigen Medien, insbesondere bei hohen Temperaturen, wie zum Beispiel flüssigen Metallen, in Behältern, wie zum Beispiel Schmelzöfen |
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BR112014013118B1 (pt) * | 2012-08-28 | 2019-07-09 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Método e aparelho para medir temperatura de superfície de placa lingotada |
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CA2934583C (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2022-08-30 | Vesuvius Group, Sa | Optical pyrometer. |
CN104833441A (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | 高频及常规热压人造板板坯温度变化规律的在线监测装置及方法 |
CN104864973B (zh) * | 2015-06-02 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种小规格方坯高温加热过程的埋偶式温度测试方法 |
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CN108981931A (zh) * | 2017-06-05 | 2018-12-11 | 镇江仁德新能源科技有限公司 | 一种预防红外仪漏气影响晶体品质的装置 |
RU2664980C1 (ru) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-08-24 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Башкирский государственный аграрный университет" | Датчик для измерения температуры в агрессивной среде |
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KR102239028B1 (ko) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-13 | 한국전력공사 | 내구성과 응답성이 향상된 고온 가스용 온도 센서 어셈블리 |
CN115014561B (zh) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-18 | 国家能源集团煤焦化有限责任公司 | 一种带内压释放和防泄漏结构的高温热电偶 |
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JP2008545975A (ja) | 2008-12-18 |
EP1893959A1 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US7690841B2 (en) | 2010-04-06 |
CN101198848A (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
US20080205480A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
ES2386293T3 (es) | 2012-08-16 |
BRPI0502779A (pt) | 2007-02-21 |
JP4700730B2 (ja) | 2011-06-15 |
RU2383874C2 (ru) | 2010-03-10 |
WO2006130941A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
RU2007148985A (ru) | 2009-06-27 |
BRPI0502779B1 (pt) | 2020-09-29 |
EP1893959B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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