CN101194095A - 转换能量的装置和方法 - Google Patents

转换能量的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101194095A
CN101194095A CNA2006800154465A CN200680015446A CN101194095A CN 101194095 A CN101194095 A CN 101194095A CN A2006800154465 A CNA2006800154465 A CN A2006800154465A CN 200680015446 A CN200680015446 A CN 200680015446A CN 101194095 A CN101194095 A CN 101194095A
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China
Prior art keywords
piston
chamber
central position
free
locular wall
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English (en)
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CN100572786C (zh
Inventor
R·R·范德沃德
J·G·M·祖特
G·J·J·贝克斯
B·弗里塞玛
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Enatec Micro Cogen BV
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Enatec Micro Cogen BV
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18Other cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B71/00Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/0435Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines the engine being of the free piston type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053Component parts or details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00Constructional features
    • F02G2270/40Piston assemblies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2275/00Controls
    • F02G2275/20Controls for preventing piston over stroke

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种能量转换的装置,包括:设有至少一个室的壳体和在所述室中可自由移动的活塞,其中所述活塞能够从中心位置或者平衡位置往复运动,且其中在活塞和室壁之间的间隙具有这样的尺寸,当活塞进一步远离所述中心位置或者平衡位置移动时该尺寸减小。

Description

转换能量的装置和方法
背景技术
在所谓的自由活塞机械装置中,这种机械组包括一些斯特林发动机和斯特林发电机,活塞通过弹簧元件与不移动的或者固定的环境部件连接。
在这种机械装置中,活塞的中心位置或者平衡位置是弹簧力和压力之间的平衡的结果。
在自由活塞斯特林机械装置中,例如,活塞相对于平均中心位置做振幅为A的周期运动,该平均中心位置可以不同于静态中心位置。在活塞两侧的压力值可以显示出相对于平均压力Pav振幅为ΔP的周期性波动。
在机械装置运行期间,当活塞前方的平均压力和汽缸后方的平均压力之间产生差值时,活塞的平均中心位置将不同于静态中心位置,这种现象也被称为轴向偏移。所述轴向偏移是不期望的。
在过去,已经有了克服这种轴向偏移的方案,设置一个或者多个端孔和/或通道,其在合适的时候打开,以此在机械装置的循环周期内平衡压力差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于防止偏移,以及防止故障多发部件和高维修部件的使用。
本发明提供一种能量转换的装置,包括设有至少一个室的壳体,在所述室中活塞可自由移动,其中所述活塞能够从中心位置或者平衡位置往复运动,且其中在活塞和室壁之间的间隙具有这样的尺寸,当活塞进一步远离所述中心位置或者平衡位置移动时该尺寸减小。
这种装置适用于热电联产系统中-参见例如PCT/NL01/00399。
附图说明
本发明进一步的优点、特征和细节将参考附图在下面的描述中进行解释,其中:
图1是实施本发明的斯特林机械装置的截面示意图;
图2是本发明第一优选实旋例的截面图;和
图3是本发明另一个优选实施例的截面图。
具体实施方式
在公知的斯特林机械装置中,自由活塞10(图1)通过杆11和弹簧12弹簧安装在固定环境部件E上。自由活塞10能够在室13中往复运动,该室被壳体15的圆筒壁14围住。
在图示的实施例中,自由活塞10具有长度L和直径D,同时相对于静态中心位置的活塞冲程分别是+A和-A。关于活塞10和圆筒形壁14之间的环形间隙的高度ho,适用下式:ho<<D。自由活塞10的左手侧的压力和容积分别采用Vv和Pv表示,而Va和Pa分别用于表示右手侧的压力和容积。在本发明中,Lc用于表示室的长度。
关于Lc,适用下式:
Lc≥L+2A
活塞的中心位置分别取决于自由活塞左手侧和右手侧的平均压力Pv和Pa
这个轴向偏移在某些情况下会增大,这样的增大是不能允许的,它将导致自由活塞和气缸的一端碰撞,从而使得这种自由活塞机械装置的性能整体损坏。
在本发明的第一个优选实施例中,从截面图中可以看到,室内壁之间的间隙是楔形的,即,关于高度h适用下式:
1.0ho≤h≤5.0ho,优选≤2.0ho
对于值Lccd适用下面公式:
0≤Lccd≤L-2Amax-2xd,max=Lccd,max
其中,关于x,轴向偏移的最大允许值xd,max适用下式:
xd,max=1/2(Lc-L)-A。
对于以这种方式构造的室(或者活塞),如果在活塞两侧具有不同的平均压力值,则经过活塞的回流将增加,因而轴向偏移的长度受到限制。
在根据本发明的另一个优选实施例中,在一侧或者两侧采用弧形,在这种情况下关于弧半径R,优选地适用下面的关系式:
R = 1 8 L o 2 h 1 - h o , 如果ho,h1<<Lc
本发明不限于上述这些优选实施例;本发明的范围在附加的权利要求中限定。

Claims (6)

1.一种能量转换装置,包括:
-设有至少一个室的壳体;
-在所述室中可自由移动的活塞,其中所述活塞能够从中心位置或者平衡位置往复运动,且其中在活塞和室壁之间的间隙具有这样的尺寸,当活塞进一步远离所述中心位置或者平衡位置移动时该尺寸减小。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中活塞通过活塞杆安装到固定设置的安装元件上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的装置,其中壳体和自由活塞形成斯特林机械装置的一部分。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的装置,其中从内侧看,室壁是凹形的。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项或者多项所述的装置,其中从内侧看,室壁是楔形的。
6.一种转换能量的方法,其特征在于,采用如权利要求1-5任一项或者多项所述的装置。
CNB2006800154465A 2005-05-06 2006-04-20 转换能量的装置和方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100572786C (zh)

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NL1028982 2005-05-06
NL1028982A NL1028982C2 (nl) 2005-05-06 2005-05-06 Inrichting en werkwijze voor het omzetten van energie.

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CN100572786C CN100572786C (zh) 2009-12-23

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EP (1) EP1902211A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2008540936A (zh)
CN (1) CN100572786C (zh)
CA (1) CA2629242A1 (zh)
NL (1) NL1028982C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2008004856A1 (zh)

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DE102008014664B4 (de) * 2008-03-18 2017-04-13 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zylinderlaufbuchse
DE102008026146B4 (de) * 2008-05-30 2014-05-28 Audi Ag Kolbenreibungsreduktion in einem Zylinder
DE102011117660B4 (de) * 2011-11-04 2014-08-21 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine

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GB570738A (en) * 1944-01-27 1945-07-19 John Frederick Leete Improvements relating to the cylinder bores of reciprocating fluid-pressure engines
US3132569A (en) * 1961-11-13 1964-05-12 North American Aviation Inc Lightweight motor means
US3215086A (en) * 1962-06-01 1965-11-02 Ingersoll Rand Co Variable bore cylinder
DE1576404A1 (de) * 1967-04-19 1970-03-05 Rheinstahl Hanomag Ag Zylinder von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen
US7117827B1 (en) * 1972-07-10 2006-10-10 Hinderks Mitja V Means for treatment of the gases of combustion engines and the transmission of their power
JPS63131848A (ja) * 1986-11-20 1988-06-03 Takara Co Ltd 玩具用エンジンシリンダの内面処理方法
US4945726A (en) * 1989-08-23 1990-08-07 Sunpower, Inc. Leaky gas spring valve for preventing piston overstroke in a free piston stirling engine
US5537820A (en) * 1994-06-27 1996-07-23 Sunpower, Inc. Free piston end position limiter
NL1015319C2 (nl) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-27 Enatec Micro Cogen B V Inrichting en werkwijze voor het gekoppeld opwekken van warmte en elektriciteit.
US6536326B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2003-03-25 Sunpower, Inc. Control system and method for preventing destructive collisions in free piston machines
BR0215315A (pt) * 2001-12-26 2004-10-19 Sharp Kk Motor stirling
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DE102004022722A1 (de) * 2004-05-07 2005-11-24 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Hydraulischer Getriebeaktuator
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WO2008004856A1 (en) 2008-01-10
EP1902211A1 (en) 2008-03-26
US20100011759A1 (en) 2010-01-21
CN100572786C (zh) 2009-12-23
JP2008540936A (ja) 2008-11-20
CA2629242A1 (en) 2006-11-06
NL1028982C2 (nl) 2006-11-07

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