CN101171032B - 天然肽及其优化的衍生物作为疫苗的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于疫苗领域,更具体地属于抗肿瘤和抗病毒疫苗领域。本发明涉及天然肽在药物组合物中的应用,以选择和/或增强部分CTL免疫反应,该反应被所述天然肽衍生的优化免疫原肽所起始。本发明也涉及包含多剂量优化肽及其同源天然肽的疫苗试剂盒。
Description
本发明属于疫苗领域,更具体地属于抗肿瘤和抗病毒疫苗领域。本发明涉及天然肽在药物组合物中的应用,用于选择和/或增强部分CTL免疫反应,该反应被所述天然肽的优化免疫原肽所激发。
癌症免疫治疗意于刺激细胞毒T淋巴细胞(CTL),CTL识别从肿瘤抗原衍生得来并通过HLA I级分子递呈在肿瘤细胞表面的肽。CTL靶向的肽可以是显性的或者隐性的(Moudgil and Sercarz,1994)。显性肽具有高HLA亲和力并经常被肿瘤细胞递呈。相对的,隐性肽具有低HLA亲和力并很少被肿瘤细胞递呈。至今测试过的所有癌症疫苗对显性肽的靶向相对很不成功(Slingluff,Yamshchikov et al.2001;Knutson,Schiffman et al.2002;Schaed,Klimek et al.2002;Parkhurst,Riley et al.2004;Vonderheide,Domchek et al.2004)。使用小鼠模型的研究显示这种功效的缺乏是源于对肿瘤抗原的耐受,尤其是对其显性肽的耐受(Cibotti,Kanellopoulos et al.1992;Theobald,Biggs et al.1997;Colella,Bullock et al.2000;Hemandez,Lee et al.2000;Grossmann,Davila et al.2001;Gross,Graff-Dubois et al.2004)。
为回避这种耐受,最近提出了具有隐性肽的疫苗。观察到在人源化小鼠中,对隐性肽的耐受很低或者没有,只要隐性肽的免疫原性得到优化,其就能有效地在体内诱导抗肿瘤免疫(Tourdot,Scardino et al.2000;Scardino,Gross et al.2002;Gross,Graff-Dubois et al.2004)。在此之前描述了优化几乎所有测试过的低亲和力HLA-A*0201-限制性肽的肽序列修饰(Tourdot,Scardino et al.2000)。
TERT572Y是一个从TERT衍生得到的HLA-A*0201-相关的优化的隐性肽,是在85%人肿瘤中过表达的抗原(Kim,Piatyszek et al.1994)。TERT572Y在人和鼠TERT中都存在,并能够诱导HLA-A*0201转基因小鼠内的抗肿瘤免疫;然而也观察到了对正常TERT-表达组织无自体免疫(Gross,Graff-Dubois et al.2004)。在体外,TERT572Y刺激健康供体和前列腺癌患者的抗肿瘤CTLs。CTLs杀死表达TERT的肿瘤细胞,而不杀死表达TERT的正常细胞(Hemandez,Garcia-Pons et al.2002;Scardino,Gross et al.2002)。
然而,一个相似的疫苗方法报道了具有优化的gp100209M的黑色素瘤患者的疫苗导致了T细胞的扩增,这些T细胞不再能识别天然gp100209M肽或者表达gp100209M的黑色素瘤细胞(Clay,Custer et al.1999)。
因此,现在需要能够激发和维持T细胞对靶亚显性或隐性表位反应的疫苗方案,尤其是当这种反应被优化的肽所激发的时候。
下述实施例1中公开的研究设计用来评估:i)TERT572Y在晚期癌症患者体内刺激抗肿瘤免疫反应的能力;和ii)诱导抗表达TERT-正常细胞和组织,如造血前体、肠、胸腺和肝脏的自体免疫的风险。具有TERT572Y的晚期癌症患者的疫苗刺激了功能完整并且能够在体外杀死过表达TERT的肿瘤细胞的特异CTLs。而且,疫苗是安全的,不会诱导抗TERT阳性正常组织的任何自体免疫。这是第一次在人体中证明,优化隐性肽能够被考虑用于肿瘤免疫治疗。
而且,这些结果以及实施例2、3和4中的结果显示,用天然肽的同源的优化肽接种疫苗后,再注射天然肽能够维持被所述优化肽激发的免疫反应。没有理论支持,假设在被优化肽趋化的T细胞中,天然肽的使用可以选择和/或增强那些对由肿瘤细胞递呈的天然肽具有最高特异性的细胞。
这些发现允许提议天然隐性或非优化肽用于提高同源的优化肽引起的CTL免疫反应中的应用。
对于一个给定MHC分子,“隐性肽”是能够结合所述MHC分子的肽,但具有很低亲和力和/或对MHC/肽复合物具有很低的稳定性。所以,在能衍生出所述肽的抗原的CTL反应中,这样的肽在抗原递呈细胞表面被所述MHC分子递呈很差,或者根本不递呈。例如,在HLA A2的例子中,隐性肽可被定义为具有低亲和力和弱稳定性的肽(RA>5以及DC50<2小时),可参见WO 0208716中的描述。
“天然肽”(隐性或非隐性)是无任何序列修饰且与抗原的片段反应的肽。
对于给定的天然肽,“优化肽”是通过在所述天然肽上取代一个或多个氨基酸得到的肽,所述的修饰导致了对MHC分子更高的亲和力和/或MHC/肽复合物更好的稳定性。例如,HLA-A2.1相关肽可以通过在第一位置导入一个酪氨酸(PlY取代)来修饰其序列从而被优化(Tourdot,Scardino et al.2000)。鉴定隐性肽和制备同源的优化肽的方法在例如PCT WO 02/08716中公开,其内容并入本文作为参考。对于优化HLA A2肽的其他修饰也有描述,例如用甲硫氨酸或亮氨酸取代位置2的氨基酸(Parkhurst,Salgaller et al.1996;Bakker,van derBurg et al.1997;Valmori,Fonteneau et al.1998),或用缬氨酸或亮氨酸取代C端氨基酸(Parkhurst,Salgaller et al.1996)。实施这些肽的修饰可以得到优化的肽用于完成本发明。
隐性肽不能在体外产生针对靶细胞的特异性CTL反应,其中靶细胞表达衍生该隐性肽的蛋白,相反,同源的优化肽能够产生对同样靶细胞的特异CTL反应,其中至少部分CTLs对所述隐性肽具有高亲和力。
本发明的一个目的是天然肽的应用,用于制备维持其同源的优化肽激发的CTL免疫反应的药物组合物。根据本发明的优选的实施方案,该天然肽是亚显性或隐性。
本发明在抗肿瘤或抗病毒免疫治疗领域特别有用。因此,该天然肽有利地来源于肿瘤抗原或从病毒抗原,尤其是从产生长时间感染的病毒,如HIV、HCV和HBV的抗原。
根据本发明,天然肽可以用于先前接受了同源的优化肽的患者的免疫。
本发明从而包括免疫接种患者以预防肿瘤或病毒抗原的方法,其中所述的方法包括:第一步,使用与所述抗原的天然肽同源的优化肽免疫接种,其中的优化肽特别是隐性肽,第二步,用所述天然肽免疫接种。
后面实施例1中给出了使用天然隐性肽TERT572(RLFFYRKSV)和其同源的优化肽TERT572Y(YLFFYRKSV)的抗肿瘤免疫实例。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,隐性肽由HLA A2递呈,和优化肽由酪氨酸残基取代隐性肽N末端的氨基酸获得。在PCT WO 02/08716和下面表1中描述可用于本发明的HLA A2递呈的成对隐性肽和优化肽的非限制性实例。本发明可以使用的其他成对天然和同源的优化肽也在表1中列出。
表1:本发明可用的HLA A2递呈的成对天然和优化肽的实例。
天然肽 | 优选肽 | 参考文献 | ||||
名称 | 序列 | 序号 | 名称 | 序列 | 序号 | |
HIVgag76 | SLYNTVATL | 13 | HIVgag76Y1 | YLYNTVATL | 14 | WO 0208716 |
FluM58 | GIGLFVFTL | 11 | FluM58Y1 | YIGLFVFTL | 12 | |
HBVpol575 | FLLSLGIHL | 15 | HBVpol575Y1 | YLLSLGIHL | 16 | |
HBVpol765 | LLGCAANWIL | 17 | HBVpol765Y1 | YLGCAANWIL | 18 | |
Mart-127 | AAGIGILTV | 19 | Mart-127Y1 | YAGIGILTV | 20 | |
Mart-126 | EAAGIGILTV | 21 | Mart-126L27 | ELAGIGILTV | 22 | Valmori,D.,1998 |
Gp100177 | AMLGTHTMEV | 23 | Gp100177Y1 | YMLGTHTMEV | 24 | WO 0208716Bakker,A.B.,1997 |
Gp100178 | MLGTHTMEV | 25 | Gp100178Y1 | YLGTHTMEV | 26 | |
Gp100154 | KTWGQYWQV | 8 | Gp100154Y1 | YTWGQYWQV | 9 | |
Gp100154M155 | KMWGQYWQV | 10 | ||||
Gp100570 | SLADTNSLAV | 27 | Gp100570Y1 | YLADTNSLAV | 28 | WO 0208716 |
Gp100209 | TDQVPFSV | 29 | Gp100209Y1 | YDQVPFSV | 30 | |
Gp100209M210 | YMQVPFSV | 31 | Parkhust,M.R.,1996 | |||
Gp100476 | VLYRYGSFSV | 32 | Gp100476Y1 | YLYRYGSFSV | 33 | WO 0208716 |
Gp100457 | LLDGTATLRL | 34 | Gp100457Y1 | YLDGTATLRL | 35 | |
HER-2/neu799 | QLMPYGCLL | 36 | HER-2/neu799Y1 | YLMPYGCLL | 37 | |
HER-2/neu369 | KIFGSLAFL | 38 | HER-2/neu369Y1 | YIFGSLAFL | 39 | |
IIER-2/neu789 | CLTSTVQLV | 40 | HER-2/neu789Y1 | YLTSTVQLV | 41 | |
HER-2/neu48 | HLYQGCQW | 42 | HER-2/neu48Y1 | YLYQGCQW | 43 | |
HER-2/neu773 | VMAGVGSPYV | 44 | HER-2/neu773Y1 | YMAGVGSPYV | 45 | |
HER-2/neu5 | ALCRWGLL | 46 | HER-2/neu5Y1 | YLCRWGLL | 47 | |
HER-2/neu851 | VLVKSPNHV | 48 | HER-2/neu851Y1 | YLVKSPNHV | 49 | |
HER-2/neu661 | ILLVVVLGV | 50 | HER-2/neu661Y1 | YLLVVVLGV | 51 | |
HER-2/neu650 | PLTSIISAV | 52 | HER-2/neu650Y1 | YLTSIISAV | 53 | |
HER-2/neu466 | ALIHHNTHL | 54 | HER-2/neu466Y1 | YLIHHNTHL | 55 | |
HER-2/neu402 | TLEEITGYL | 56 | HER-2/neu402Y1 | YLEEITGYL | 57 | |
HER-2/neu391 | PLQPEQLQV | 58 | HER-2/neu391Y1 | YLQPEQLQV | 59 | |
HER-2/neu971 | ELVSEFSRM | 60 | HER-2/neu971Y1 | YLVSEFSRM | 61 | |
HBVpol28 | LLDDEAGPL | 62 | HBVpol28Y1 | YLDDEAGPL | 63 | |
HBVpol594 | PLEEELPRL | 64 | HBVpol594Y1 | YLEEELPRL | 65 | |
HBVpol985 | NLQSLTNLL | 66 | HBVpol985Y1 | YLQSLTNLL | 67 | |
EphA261 | DMPIYMYSV | 68 | EphA261Y1 | YMPIYMYSV | 69 | WO 03091383 |
HER2911 | TVWELMTFGA | 70 | HER911Y1V10 | YVWELMTFGV | 71 | WO 03083124 |
HER4911 | TIWELMTFGG | 72 | ||||
HER1911 | TVWELMTFGS | 73 | ||||
HER2722 | KVKVLGSGA | 74 | HER722Y1V9 | YVKVLGSGV | 75 |
HER3722 | KLKVLGSGV | 76 | ||||
HER4722 | RVKVLGSGA | 77 | ||||
HER1722 | KIKVLGSGA | 78 | ||||
HER2845 | DLAARNVLV | 79 | HER845Y1 | YLAARNVLV | 80 | |
HER3845 | NLAARNVLL | 81 | ||||
HER2904 | DVWSYGVTV | 82 | HER904Y1 | YVWSYGVTV | 83 | |
HER4904 | DVWSYGVTI | 84 | ||||
HER2933 | DLLEKGERL | 85 | HER933Y1 | YLLEKGERL | 86 | |
HER1933 | SILELKGERL | 87 | ||||
HER2945 | PICTIDVYMI | 88 | HER945Y1 | YICTIDVYMV | 90 | |
HFR3945 | QICTIDVYMV | 89 | ||||
HER4945 | PICTIDVYMV | 91 | ||||
HER1945 | PICTIDVYKI | 92 | ||||
MAGE-A248G 9 | YLEYRQVPG | 7 | MAGE-A248V9 | YLEYRQVPV | 6 | |
MAGE-A248D 9 | YLEYRQVPD | 5 | ||||
TERT988 | DLQVNSLQTV | 3 | TERT988Y1 | YLQVNSLQTV | 4 | WO 0208716 |
TERT572 | RLFFYRKSV | 1 | TERT572Y1 | YLFFYRKSV | 2 |
本发明的另一方面是关于体外获得对天然肽,尤其是天然隐性肽具有高亲和力的CTLs的方法,其通过使用所述的天然肽刺激CTLs,该CTLs递呈在用同源的优化肽免疫的患者来源的生物样品上。在这一方法中,天然和优化肽具有如上所述的优点。
本发明还涉及用于免疫部分的试剂盒,其包括至少一个剂量的天然肽和至少一个剂量的其同源的优化肽。在优选的实施方案中,免疫试剂盒包括2个或3个剂量的优化肽,和3、4、5或6个剂量的天然肽。本发明的特定试剂盒适用于6次注射的第一次免疫接种次序,并包括2或3个剂量的优化肽,和4或3个剂量的天然肽。在长期疾病中,优选通过定期回复来维持第一次免疫接种得到的免疫力水平。例如,通过每3至6个月注射来完成。因此,互补试剂盒,其包括至少2个剂量和至多40或50个剂量的天然肽,也是本发明的一个部分。另外,免疫试剂盒可包括2至3个剂量的优化肽和3至40或至多50个剂量的天然肽。当然,试剂盒中的所述天然和优化肽均如上所述。
每剂量药剂包括0.5至10mg的肽,优选1至5mg。在优选的实施方案中,每个剂量药剂制备成用于皮下注射。例如,每剂量药剂可制成0.3至1.5ml的乳液,液体溶液用Montanide佐剂乳化。熟练的技术人员可选择任何其他佐剂替换(或添加到)Montanide。在一个特别的实施方案中,药剂是液体溶液的形式。可选择地,药剂是冻干肽,在注射前即时制备液体溶液。
本发明通过下述附图和实施例进一步说明。
附图说明
图1:在患者#1、#3、#8、#11和#13中体外检测的TER572Y-特异性CD8细胞。解冻从患者#1、#8、#11和#13收集的免疫接种前以及在第二(#1、#8、#11)和第六(#13)疫苗注射后对PBMC用PE标记的TERT572Y四聚体、APC标记的抗CD8和FITC标记的抗CD3染色。分析CD3+门控细胞。
图2:在体外用患者#6和#18来源的PBMC刺激后,检测的TER572Y特异的CD8细胞。解冻的患者#6和#18来源的PBMC在缺少(未刺激)或有(刺激)10μM TERT572Y下培养9天。其后按照图1说明进行细胞染色和分析。
图3:免疫反应时间进程。
图4:免疫诱导的TERT572Y特异的CD8细胞的功能分析。
A)第二次疫苗注射3周后从患者#4收集的PBMC在体外用TERT572Y肽刺激9天。纯化TERT572Y特异细胞并用PHA扩增。扩增的细胞用TERT572Y四聚体和CD8 mAb染色。
B)TERT572Y四聚体阳性细胞用TERT572Y和不相关的FluM58刺激6小时,其后用PE-标记的抗CD107a染色,用皂苷对细胞穿孔,用FITC-标记的抗-IFNγ染色以估算细胞内IFNγ。
C)在传统的51Cr释放分析中,TERT572Y四聚体阳性细胞和51Cr标记的N418以及TERT572Y转染的N418细胞一起孵育4小时。显示E/T率。
D)在传统的51Cr释放分析中,TERT572Y四聚体阳性细胞和51Cr标记的NA8以及ME290肿瘤细胞一起孵育4小时。显示E/T率。
实施例
实施例1:在黑色素瘤的晚期患者体内,优化隐性肽TERT572Y的安全性和免疫原性:I期临床研究
1.1患者和方法
患者
抗化疗恶性肿瘤患者适于本研究。其他合适的标准是:没有其他有益治疗选择的进行性疾病;至少6个月的预期存活期;患者必须是HLA-A*0201阳性;年龄18-75岁,健康状况(WHO)<2,适当的骨髓(完全嗜中性粒细胞计数≥1500/mm3,完全淋巴细胞计数≥1300/mm3,血小板>100000/mm3,Hgb>10g/dl)、肾脏(肌氨酸酐<1.5mg/dl)以及肝脏(胆红素<1,5倍于正常上限值)功能。患者如果在登记前一个月内接受了化疗、放疗、激素治疗、免疫治疗或皮质甾类或如果其有已知的免疫缺陷或自体免疫疾病,则排除在外。实验规程已被伊拉克利翁大学医院的伦理与科学委员会和希腊国家药品管理局批准。所有的患者交付了签署的参与研究的告知同意书。
肽疫苗的制备
由优化TERT572Y(YLFFYRKSV)和天然TERT572(RLFFYRKSV)肽的疫苗在Montanide ISA51(Seppic Inc.France)中乳化。疫苗肽使用固相Fmoc/Bu化学方法在佩特雷大学(希腊)的药学学院合成。质量保证研究包括一致性、无菌和纯度(两个肽都>95%)的确认。在-80℃保存2年多后未观察到纯度或浓度的下降。每种肽制备成冻干粉用于在无菌水中还原和稀释。
免疫接种规程
患者接受每3周一次、总共6次的皮下免疫接种。0.5ml液体溶液中的肽在注射前立即用0.5ml Montanide ISA51乳化。使用优化TERT572Y肽作为最早的2次免疫接种,天然TERT572Y肽用作剩余的4次免疫接种。研究了5种剂量水平的肽;剂量水平包括2、3、4、5和6mg的两种肽。每个剂量水平有3个患者参与。另有3个患者计划用于观察当剂量限制时的剂量水平。每个患者在所有6次免疫接种中接受等量的肽剂量。在免疫接种期间不准进行其他可能抗癌活性的治疗,即化疗、放疗、激素治疗或皮质甾类给药。
患者评估
在进入研究前,对所有患者评估完整的医疗记录、生理测试以及用不同的、血清化学和基线测定相关肿瘤标签对完整的血细胞计数。而且,通过标准成像方法(胸部X射线、超声波、胸腔和腹腔CT扫描、如果指定则进行核磁共振成像(MRI)以及全身骨扫描)确定可检测的疾病。免疫接种规程期间的毒性通过每周重复全血计数和每三周在下一次注射前以及其后每月进行的医疗记录、生理检查和血清化学来进行评估。使用国家癌症研究所(NCI)通用毒性标准(Ajani,Welch et al.1990)评估和打分。在整个免疫接种规程期间,评估剂量限制毒性(DLT),并将其确定为以下状态中的一种:4级血液毒性;3-4级嗜中性白血球减少症并发热>38.2℃;3-4级非血液毒性;以及因为毒性的任何治疗延迟。如果只扫50%接受治疗的患者在某一水平出现了DLT,则停止剂量增加,并达到了DLT剂量水平。MTD剂量水平定义为低于DLT剂量水平的第一个水平。
对治疗的反应通过每两次免疫接种后或如果有临床症状则提前,重复基线成像研究或相关肿瘤标签测定来评估。对治疗的反应使用标准的WHO标准(Miller,Hoogstraten et al,1981)记做完全反应(CR)、部分反应(PR)、稳定疾病(SD)和进行性疾病(PD)。通过独立放射医生小组进行确认放射性反应。CR和PR维持最少4周。反应的时段从第一次对疾病发展的反应记录开始计算。进展时间(TTP)通过治疗开始到客观记录疾病发展的第一时间之间的间隔来确定。总生存期(OS)从进入研究的日期到死亡日期来计算。随访时间从第一次实施治疗到最后一次联系或死亡来计算。免疫反应在第一次注射前、第二、四和六次注射后测试。外周血单核细胞(PBMC)在每个时间点收集并冻存。
细胞系
T2是突变的人T/B杂交细胞,其缺少TAP分子但表达HLA-A*0201。HLA-A*0201阳性N418纤维原细胞,TERT转染N418细胞和黑色素瘤细胞系Na8和Me290由P.Romero(Ludwig Institutefor Cancer Research,Lausanne,Switzerland)提供。
肽
用于实验室研究的I级限制性肽包括TERT572(RLFFYRKSV,SEQ ID No:1)、TERT572Y(YLFFYRKSV,SEQ ID No:2)和FluM58(GILGFVFTL,SEQ ID No:11),都由Epytop(Nimes,France)生产。
PBMC体外刺激
解冻的PBMC(200μl内3x105个细胞/孔)在含10μM TERT572Y肽的完全培养基(含8%人AB血清的RPMI 1640)内在96孔圆底板上培养。48小时和96小时后添加IL2至终浓度10U/ml。细胞在37℃5%CO2空气中培养。在培养的第9天,汇集6个孔的细胞通过TERT572Y四聚体染色分析存在的TERT572Y特异性CD8细胞。
TERT572Y四聚体染色
用PE偶联的TERT572Y四聚体(Promimune Ltd,Oxford,UK)在室温下孵育细胞30分钟,其后用APC偶联的抗CD8(BDPharmingen,Mississauga,Canada)和FITC偶联的抗-CD3(BDPharmingen,Mississauga,Canada)mAbs在4℃孵育30分钟。染色的细胞用流式细胞仪(FACSCalibur,BD Biosciences,Mountain View,CA)分析。
TERT572Y四聚体-阳性细胞的多克隆扩展
用10μM TERT572Y在10U/ml IL2存在下刺激PBMCs 9天。在用细胞分类器分离细胞前,使用抗CD8 mAb和TERT572Y四聚体标记细胞。分类的细胞用PHA(Difco)刺激14天。
Cd107和细胞内IFNγ双标记
用肽(10μM)负载的T2细胞在20μg/ml Brefeldin A(Sigma,Oakville,Canada)存在下刺激T细胞。6小时后,洗涤这些细胞,在PBS里4℃下用PE偶联的抗CD107 mAb(BD Pharmingen,Mississauga,Canada)染色25分钟,再次洗涤并用4%多聚甲醛固定。细胞用PBS/0.2%Saponin/0.5%BSA(Sigma)穿孔并用APC偶联的抗IFNmAb(BD Pharmingen,Mississauga,Canada)染色,再进行流式细胞仪分析(FACSCalibur,BD Biosciences,Mountain View,CA)。
细胞毒分析
靶细胞用100μCi的51Cr标记90分钟,洗涤2次,涂布在96孔圆底板(添加5%胎牛血清的100μl的RPMI 1640中3x103个细胞/孔)。每孔添加效应子细胞(100μl)。4小时后,收集100μl上清,用盖格计数器测量放射性。特异裂解的百分比按下述确定:裂解=(实验释放-即时释放)/(最大释放-即时释放)×100。
1.2结果
患者特征、免疫接种和临床反应
19名患者在试验中的特征显示在表2中。除了一名患者(#11患者)外,所有的患者都患有IV期癌症,其主要在骨骼、肝脏和肺上具有多种转移。患者都具有活性的进行性疾病,并在进入免疫接种规程之前接受了多种治疗,主要是化疗。3名患者参与试剂水平为2、3、4和5mg的肽,而7名患者接受了6mg的肽。5名患者在第四(#1、#5、#14和#19)或第五(#18)次疫苗注射后退出了规程,原因是快速的疾病发展。这5名患者随后在6个月内都死于疾病发展。剩余的14名患者完成了免疫接种规程。疾病在4名(29%)患者(#9、#11、#12和#13)中稳定下来,在10名患者中继续发展。后面的10名患者其后接受了化疗,之中的6名仍然健在。4名患者中的1名(#11)病情稳定9个月后继续发展,而其他3名患者在免疫接种结束后没有附加治疗的情况下,仍然病情稳定(#9和#12患者稳定到12个月后,#13患者稳定到9个月后)。
表2:患者特征:NSCLC=非小细胞肺癌、S=手术、CT=化疗、HT=激素质粒、RT=放疗、IT=免疫治疗(IL2、INFα)、PS=健康状况、PD=进行性疾病、SD=稳定疾病
患者 | 年龄 | 性别 | 癌症 | 阶段 | PS | 之前的治疗 | 疫苗剂量 | 注射次数 | 临床反应 | 存活(月) |
#1 | 73 | M | 结直肠癌 | IV | 1 | 7 lines CT | 2mg | 4 | PD | 6.1 |
#2 | 75 | F | 乳腺癌 | IV | 1 | 5 lines CT | 2mg | 6 | PD | 27.6 |
#3 | 64 | M | 黑色素瘤 | IV | 1 | 1 1ine CT | 2mg | 6 | PD | 8.8+ |
#4 | 60 | M | NSCLC | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT | 3mg | 6 | PD | 22.8+ |
#5 | 71 | M | NSCLC | IV | 1 | 6 lines CT | 3mg | 4 | PD | 5.7 |
#6 | 73 | F | 子宫癌 | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT | 3mg | 6 | PD | 5.3 |
#7 | 53 | M | 头颈癌 | IV | 1 | 4 lines CT | 4mg | 6 | PD | 15.1 |
#8 | 57 | F | 结直肠癌 | IV | 1 | 5 lines CT | 4mg | 6 | PD | 12.3 |
#9 | 66 | M | 肾癌 | IV | 1 | 1 line IT | 4mg | 6 | SD | 11.1+ |
#10 | 73 | F | 结直肠癌 | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT | 5mg | 6 | PD | 4.6 |
#11 | 49 | M | NSCLC | IIIb | 0 | 3 lines CT | 5mg | 6 | SD | 17.5+ |
#12 | 45 | F | 乳腺癌 | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT | 5mg | 6 | SD | 11.2+ |
#13 | 51 | M | 结直肠癌 | IV | 1 | 1 line CT,1 line IT | 6mg | 6 | SD | 6.9+ |
#14 | 61 | M | 未知来源 | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT | 6mg | 4 | PD | 8 |
#15 | 70 | F | 结直肠癌 | IV | 0 | 2 lines CT | 6mg | 6 | PD | 10.7+ |
#16 | 69 | M | 前列腺癌 | IV | 1 | 2 lines CT1 line HT | 6mg | 6 | PD | 17+ |
#17 | 69 | F | 卵巢癌 | IV | 1 | 8 lines CT | 6mg | 6 | PD | 13.7+ |
#18 | 51 | F | 卵巢癌 | IV | 1 | 4 lines CT | 6mg | 5 | PD | 6.4 |
#19 | 48 | M | 食道癌 | IV | 1 | 1 line CT | 6mg | 4 | PD | 4.4+ |
总体来说,在10.7个月(范围在4.4至27.6)的中值回访后,9名患者死亡,全部归咎于疾病发展。肿瘤发展的中值时间是4.2个月(范围在2.3至11.2),中值总体存活15.2个月(范围在4.4至27.6)。
毒性和有害事件
在整个研究期间未观察到DLT,因此未达到MTD剂量水平(表3)。13名患者发展到I级毒性。其组成为:局部皮肤反应(11名患者)、贫血(6名患者)、血小板减少(2名患者)、疲劳(1名患者)和厌食(1名患者)。除了局部皮肤反应,其他毒性似乎大多与疾病而不是免疫接种相关。I级毒性发生在免疫接种过程的早期。3名患者发展到II级毒性,其组成为疲劳(3名患者)、恶心(2名患者)和厌食(2名患者)。#5患者(NSCLC)在第三次免疫接种后出现疲劳和恶心,在没有任何特殊治疗情况下2周后消失。#10患者(结直肠癌)在第三次免疫接种后观察到的疲劳、恶心和厌食感觉是因为疾病而不是免疫接种。该患者发展出致命的肠内阻塞。#18患者的疾病极快速的发展,因而在第四次免疫接种后退出了规程。她在两月后死亡。特别的是,尽管TERT在这些正常细胞和组织中表达,但未观察到明显的血液、肾脏、胃肠或肝脏的毒性。对患者的毒性监测时间为中值10.7个月(范围在4.4至27.6)。即使在完成或停止免疫接种程序后,对患者进行每月回访,以发现任何延迟毒性的发生。然而,未观察到延迟毒性的征兆或发现。
表3:毒性
患者 | 毒性 | ||
I级 | II级 | III/IV级 | |
#1 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
#2 | 局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#3 | 贫血、局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#4 | 局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#5 | 无 | 疲劳,恶心 | 无 |
#6 | 贫血、局部皮肤、疲劳,厌食 | 无 | 无 |
#7 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
#8 | 血小板减少/阴茎、局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#9 | 局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#10 | 无 | 厌食,疲劳,恶心 | 无 |
#11 | 血小板减少 | 无 | 无 |
#12 | 贫血,局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#13 | 局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#14 | 局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#15 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
#16 | 贫血 | 无 | 无 |
#17 | 贫血,局部皮肤 | 无 | 无 |
#18 | 局部皮肤,贫血 | 厌食、疲劳 | 无 |
#19 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
免疫反应
在间接体内和用TERT572Y肽体外刺激9天后,通过TERT572Y四聚体、抗CD8和抗CD3 mAbs三倍染色PBMCs来检测外周血中的肽特异CD8+细胞。在初步的研究中,TERT572Y四聚体在7个HLA-A*0201健康供体(平均0.035±0.035,范围在0.0-0.11%)中标记少于0.11%的CD8细胞(数据未显示)。因此将特异性免疫的阳性终止点设定在0.14%(平均值+3SD),在14个免疫接种的患者中研究了免疫反应(表4)。只有一名患者(#2)没有对疫苗产生反应。在4名(29%)患者(图1)中间接体内检测到TERT572Y特异细胞。在#1、#8和#11患者中,第二次免疫接种后出现特异免疫力,#13患者在第六次免疫接种后出现。值得注意的是,在免疫接种前,TERT572Y四聚体在体外PBMC刺激后在#1、#8和#11患者内标记了0.29%、0.33%和1.00%的CD8+细胞(表4)。在体外刺激后,9名患者(64%)中检测到TERT572Y特异细胞,第二次(#3、#4、#5、#6、#12、#15、和#19)或第四次(#7和#18)注射的3周后分别在患者中检测到TERT572Y特异细胞。代表性的结果(#6和#18患者)显示在图2中。在免疫接种规程结束后的3和14个月,分别对#13和#11患者检测了免疫反应。在两个患者中,他们用PBMC体外刺激后检测到大于1.5%的四聚体阳性CD8细胞。
表4:免疫接种患者的外周血单核细胞中,TERT572Y四聚体阳性CD8细胞的百分比。%大于背景的以粗体表示。
患者 | 免疫接种前 | 第二或第四次注射后 | 免疫接种后 | |||
未刺激 | 刺激 | 未刺激 | 刺激 | 未刺激 | 刺激 | |
#1 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 0.69 | 1.25 | NT | NT |
#2 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0.11 | NT | NT |
#3 | 0 | 0 | 0.11 | 1.14 | NT | NT |
#4 | NT | NT | 0.05 | 4.00 | 0.02 | 0.48 |
#5 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.36 | NT | NT |
#6 | 0 | 0.01 | 0 | 4.20 | NT | NT |
#7 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 0.36 |
#8 | 0.02 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.98 | NT | NT |
#11 | 0.3 | 1.00 | 0.7 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.52 |
#12 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.98 | NT | NT |
#13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 0.48 |
#15 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.45 | NT | NT |
#18 | 0 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.62 | NT | NT |
#19 | 0 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.73 | NT | NT |
为检测TERT572Y特异性CD8+细胞的功能,对来源于#4患者的体外PBMCs刺激的TERT572Y四聚体阳性细胞(图4A)分类,用PHA扩展,测试他们对TERT572Y肽特异反应以及杀死TERT-过表达肿瘤细胞的能力。90%以上的扩增细胞用TERT572Y四聚体标记(图4A)。由于纯化的TERT572Y特异细胞产生IFNγ并对TERT572Y肽活化表现出CD107a上调,所以他们是全功能的(图4B)。CTL识别内源的TERT并特异杀死TERT转染但不杀死非转染的N418纤维原细胞(图4C)。重要的是,CTLs杀死过表达TERT的肿瘤细胞(Na8细胞)但不杀死低水平表达的TERT的肿瘤细胞(ME290细胞)(图4D)。
1.3讨论
本临床试验的目标是评估毒性谱并证明来源于普通肿瘤抗原的隐性肽能在癌症患者体内诱导免疫力,从而可视作肿瘤免疫治疗的观点。发明人使用了隐性肽TERT572Y,其由HLA-A*0201递呈并衍生于TERT,TERT是被85%肿瘤表达的普通肿瘤抗原。通过用酪氨酸取代第一氨基酸增强了免疫原性(Tourdot,Scardino et al,2000)。这些结果说明TERT572Y免疫晚期癌症的患者刺激了特异CTLs,而特异CTLs是全功能的,能够在体外杀死TERT过表达肿瘤细胞。免疫具有很好的耐受性,并未表现出诱导对TERT表达正常组织的自体免疫。这些结果提供了第一次人体内确证:优化的隐性肽是肿瘤免疫治疗的优秀候选。
肿瘤抗原是非突变自体蛋白,也被正常组织,包括胸腺表达,并参与耐受诱导。耐受是阻碍有效抗肿瘤T细胞反应的主要障碍,具有高亲和力的主要CTL通过该耐受过程将T细胞谱型清除。然而,耐受主要塑造对显性而不是隐性肽特异的T细胞谱型(Cibotti,Kanellopoulos et al.1992;Moudgil and Sercarz 1994)。使用人源化小鼠模型,最近发现具有两个来源于鼠TERT(TERT572Y和TERT988Y)的隐性肽的免疫招募了能够引发有效抗肿瘤免疫力的高亲和力CTLs(Gross,Graff-Dubois et al.2004)。在本临床研究中,90%以上的免疫患者发育出能够杀死过表达TERT的肿瘤细胞的特异性T细胞。相对的,只有用Monatanide乳化的显性肽TERT540处理的患者的50%对疫苗产生反应(Parkhurst,Riley et al.2004)。然而,最早描述的显性TERT540的天然过程(Vonderheide,Hahn et al.1999;Minev,Hipp et al.2000;Vonderheide,Domchek et al.2004)没有被最近的研究(Ayyoub,Migliaccio et al.2001;Parkhurst,Riley et al.2004)确认,这提示TERT540可能不属于自体免疫。考虑到关于显性TERT540肽递呈的含糊,其与隐性肽的直接随机比较能产生难于解释的结果。
本研究中,患者的疫苗反应率比至今报道的大约50个临床肿瘤免疫接种研究中得到的反应率要高(Pullarkat,Lee et al.2003;Slingluff,Petroni et al.2003)。值得注意到是,几乎所有的在先临床研究表明高免疫反应率包括了具有最小限度疾病和优秀健康状况的患者(Disis,Gooley et al.2002;Pullarkat,Lee et al.2003;Disis,Schiffman et al.2004;Vonderheide,Domchek et al.2004)。Scheibenbogen et al(Scheibenbogen,Lee et al.1997)证明了黑色素瘤患者的免疫反应与疾病减轻相关。相对的是,在本研究中,所有的患者都是晚期疾病。
在免疫反应的数量和肽施用剂量之间未发现相关性。这与HER/neu疫苗的免疫反应不依赖于疫苗剂量的最新数据相一致(Disis,Schiffman et al.2004)。在疫苗剂量和出现可检测反应的时间间隔之间未发现相关性。所有13位反应的患者在第二和第四次疫苗注射之间都具有可检测到的特异CTLs。免疫力的快速诱导在该组中,尤其具有快速进行性恶性肿瘤的患者中是重要的。
使用天然TERT572肽进行第三到第六次疫苗注射的原理是在被优化TERT572Y招募的T细胞中选择,这些T细胞对肿瘤细胞递呈的TERT572具有高特异性。实际上,Clay等(Clay,Custer et al.1999)证明了对黑色素瘤患者免疫接种优化的gp100209M,扩增的T细胞不再能识别天然gp100209或表达gp100的黑色素瘤细胞。上述结果说明注射天然肽能够维持优化肽激发的免疫反应。而且,在免疫接种后,免疫反应可以持续多于1年说明递呈在肿瘤细胞表面的天然肽能自己维持特异的免疫反应。体内抗肿瘤免疫的特点是自体免疫。当自体免疫不靶向关键的正常细胞和组织,如黑素细胞时,其是可接受的,但当它靶向重要的细胞,如造血细胞前体时,可能阻碍疫苗发展。尽管TERT被造血干细胞、肠、胸腺和活化的B及T细胞所表达(Ramakrishnan,Eppenberger et al.1998;Liu,Schoonmaker et al.1999),但即使在免疫接种后24小时也没有患者表现出自体免疫的征兆。这进一步证实了之前用TERT572y肽,其也是鼠TERT的部分,免疫接种的HLA-A*0201转基因HHD小鼠中得到的结果(Gross,Graff-Dubois et al.2004)。免疫接种的HHD小鼠发育出抗肿瘤活性,而没有自体免疫征兆。而且,TERT572Y特异CTLs杀死肿瘤细胞,而不杀死活化的B细胞。一个可能的解释是在正常细胞(与肿瘤细胞相对)上的TERT表达不足以递呈低亲和力肽,如TERT572。
在本发明中观察到的毒性实质上很小,而且除了Montanide佐剂引起的瞬时皮肤反应外,所有其他温和的毒性都可归因于所发生的疾病。考虑到本次试验中参与患者数量小以及因为晚期疾病造成的相对短的回访,可以认为该免疫接种过程没有主要的急性和短期毒性。然而,应该在具有更好预后、更可能治愈其恶性疾病的患者中评估长期毒性。
因为伦理的原因,本研究包括了晚期癌症患者,他们不是肿瘤免疫治疗最佳的候选患者。通常认为免疫治疗最好针对具有最小残存疾病的患者施用,目标是阻止复发而不是治疗晚期癌症。疫苗对根除活跃生长的肿瘤无效已经在先在动物模型中证明了(Cheever and Chen1997)。尽管在高度预治疗患者组中未观察到肿瘤收缩导致的临床抗肿瘤活性,但4名患者表现出稳定在I期的长期疾病。这些患者具有在先的进行性疾病并发展出TERT特异性的CTL,该CTL即使在免疫接种程序完成后几个月都不能在他们的血液中检测到。有趣的是2名患肾癌的患者(#9和#13)在过去成功地使用IL2和IFNα治疗,证实了该癌症对免疫治疗敏感。相对的,11名换肾癌的患者用线性TERT540肽免疫接种,即使当他们发育出肽-特异的免疫反应,其中也无人有客观的临床反应(Parkhurst,Riley et al.2004)。
总结,本研究证明了用优化的隐性TERT572Y肽免疫接种晚期癌症患者是安全的,并且能够在90%以上的患者中诱导出抗肿瘤免疫力。这是第一次临床证实隐性肽是癌症免疫治疗的有希望的候选。
实施例2:对天然隐性肽具有高亲和力的CTLs的体外选择和扩增
2.1材料和方法
肽
肽TERT988Y(YLQVNSLQTV,SEQ ID No:4)、TERT988(DLQVNSLQTV,SEQ ID No:3)、MAGE-A248V9(YLEYRQVPV,SEQ ID No:6)和MAGE-A248D9(YLEYRQVPD,SEQ ID No:5)由Epytop(Nimes,France)生产。
动物和细胞
HLA-A*0201转基因HHD小鼠和鼠RMAS/HHD肿瘤细胞如上所述(Pascolo,Bervas et al.1997)。
HHD小鼠中制备CTL
HHD小鼠皮下注射100μl壬烷肽,该肽用含150μg的I-Ab限制HBVcore128辅助性T表位的不完全弗氏佐剂(IFA)乳化。将免疫的HHD小鼠来源的脾细胞(10ml中含5x107cells)在体外用含在RPMI1640+10%FCS中的肽(10μM)刺激5天。通过每周在体外,在有肽和50U/ml IL-2(Proleukin,Chiron Corp.,Emeryville,CA)存在下用照射的脾细胞重复刺激确立CTL系。
毒性分析
鼠RMAS/HHD细胞用作上述毒性的靶(Tourdot,Scardino et al.2000)。简单说,2.5×103的51Cr标记的靶用升高剂量(0.00001-10μM)的肽在37℃冲击60分钟。再添加100μl的效应子细胞,在37℃孵育4小时。孵育后,收集100μl上清用盖格计数器测量放射性。特异裂解按下述确定:裂解=(实验释放-即时释放)/(最大释放-即时释放)。CTL亲和力定义为最大裂解一半时的肽浓度。因此测量的亲和力(nM)越低,CTLs的亲和力越高。
体内肿瘤保护分析
HHD小鼠用含150μg的I-Ab限制HBVcore128表位的IFA乳化的100μg肽免疫接种一次,两周后再次免疫接种。第二次免疫接种后一周,用2×104EL4/HHD细胞皮下激发。每两天记录存活状况。
2.2结果
通过TERT抗原的隐性表位获得的结果
HHD小鼠用优化的隐性TERT988Y肽免疫。11天后,收集免疫接种小鼠的脾细胞,用含50IU/ml IL2的10μM TERT988Y或10μM天然隐性TERT988肽连续刺激。每周重复刺激。第一、第三和第六次体外刺激时,用传统的51Cr释放细胞毒分析测试CTL系对天然TERT988肽的亲和力(表5)。
表5:CTL系对天然TERT988肽的亲和力,CTL系是用TERT988Y或TERT988肽体外刺激的TERT988Y初次接触的脾细胞建立
体外刺激序号 | 用于体外刺激的肽 | CTL系亲和力(nM) |
1 | TERT988 | 170 |
TERT988Y | 300 | |
3 | TERT988 | 70 |
TERT988Y | 500 | |
6 | TERT988 | 3 |
TERT988Y | 600 |
通过MAGE抗原的隐性表位获得的结果
用相应于隐性MAGE-A248D9的优化MAGE-A248V9肽(都在WO03083124中有描述)免疫HHD小鼠。11天后,收集免疫接种小鼠的脾细胞,用含50 IU/mlIL2的10μM MAGE-A248V9或10μM天然隐性MAGE-A248D9肽连续刺激。每周重复刺激。第一、第三和第六次体外刺激时,用传统的51Cr释放细胞毒分析测试CTL系对天然MAGE-A248D9肽的亲和力(表6)。
表6:用MAGE-A248V9或MAGE-A248D9肽体外刺激MAGE-A248V9初次接触的脾细胞建立的CTL系的亲和力
体外刺激序号 | 用于体外刺激的肽 | CTL亲和力(nM) |
1 | MAGE-A248D9 | 200 |
MAGE-A248V9 | 400 | |
3 | MAGE-A248D9 | 40 |
MAGE-A248V9 | 450 | |
6 | MAGE-A248D9 | 0.8 |
MAGE-A248V9 | 320 |
2.3结论
用优化隐性肽的免疫接种招募了CTL谱型,该谱型包含对天然隐性肽具有高亲和力的细胞。这些高亲和力CTL能在体外通过天然肽而不是优化的隐性肽的刺激而选择和扩增。
实施例3:对天然隐性肽具有高亲和力的CTLs体外选择和扩增
3.1材料和方法
使用与实施例2相同的材料和方法。
3.2结果
HHD小鼠用上述优化的隐性TERT572Y肽免疫接种。15天后,这些小鼠用同样的优化或天然隐性TERT572肽增强。增强后7天,这些小鼠的脾细胞用10μM TERT572刺激。测试体外刺激一个周期后产生的CTL对TERT572的亲和力。表7显示了从6个单独小鼠中得到的结果。
表7:HHD小鼠产生的CTL的亲和力,小鼠首先用优化的隐性TERT572Y肽引发,再用同样的优化或天然TERT572肽来增强。
小鼠 | 第一次免疫接种 | 第二次免疫接种 | CTL亲和力(nM) |
1 | TERT572Y | TERT572Y | 350 |
2 | TERT572Y | TERT572Y | 700 |
3 | TERT572Y | TERT572Y | 650 |
1 | TERT572Y | TERT572 | 110 |
2 | TERT572Y | TERT572 | 190 |
3 | TERT572Y | TERT572 | 70 |
3.3结论
体内与优化的隐性肽接触招募了包含对天然肽有高亲和力的CTL的谱型。这些高亲和力的CTLs能在体内通过用天然而不是优化肽的增强来选择和扩增。
实施例4:HHD小鼠的肿瘤免疫力
4.1材料和方法
使用与实施例2相同的材料和方法。
另外使用了一个名为gp100154的肽:KTWGQYWQV(SEQ IDNO:8)。
4.2结果
HHD小鼠用上述优化的隐性TERT572Y和TERT988Y肽免疫接种。15天后,这些小鼠用同样的优化或相应的天然隐性肽增强。增强后10天,小鼠用EL4/HHD肿瘤细胞激发并监测肿瘤的生长和存活。使用gp100154初次接触和增强的小鼠用作阴性对照(表8)。100%的对照小鼠在激发后43天死亡。17%用优化肽初次接触和增强的小鼠和50%用天然肽初次接触和增强的小鼠明显受到针对肿瘤的保护。
表8:用优化肽初次接触以及用同样的优化或相应的天然肽增强的HHD小鼠的存活。
初次 | 增强 | 激发后存活(天) |
Gp100154 | Gp100154 | 41 |
40 | ||
39 | ||
39 | ||
43 | ||
41 | ||
TERT572Y | TERT572Y | 31 |
40 | ||
40 | ||
40 | ||
200+ | ||
45 | ||
TERT572Y | TERT572 | 200+ |
200+ | ||
32 | ||
35 | ||
200+ | ||
40 | ||
TERT988Y | TERT988Y | 200+ |
40 | ||
40 | ||
40 | ||
43 | ||
43 | ||
TERT988Y | TERT988 | 39 |
40 | ||
41 | ||
200+ | ||
200+ | ||
200+ |
结论:
用优化肽初次接触以及用天然肽增强的小鼠的肿瘤免疫力比用同样优化肽初次接触和增强的小鼠更加有效。
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序列表
<110>瓦克松生物技术公司
科斯坦提努斯(科斯塔斯)·科斯马托普洛斯
<120>天然肽及其优化的衍生物作为疫苗的应用
<130>VMA/bv1788/1
<150>EP 05290984.03
<151>2005-05-09
<160>92
<170>PatentIn version 3.3
<210>1
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>TERT-572
<400>1
Arg Leu Phe Phe Tyr Arg Lys Ser Val
1 5
<210>2
<211>9
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<213>人工
<220>
<223>TERT-572Y1
<400>2
Tyr Leu Phe Phe Tyr Arg Lys Ser Val
1 5
<210>3
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>TERT-988
<400>3
Asp Leu Gln Val Asn Ser Leu Gln Thr Val
1 5 10
<210>4
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>TERT-988Y1
<400>4
Tyr Leu Gln Val Asn Ser Leu Gln Thr Val
1 5 10
<210>5
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>MAGE-A-248D9
<400>5
Tyr Leu Glu Tyr Arg Gln Val Pro Asp
1 5
<210>6
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>MAGE-A-248V9
<400>6
Tyr Leu Glu Tyr Arg Gln Val Pro Val
1 5
<210>7
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>MAGE-A-248G9
<400>7
Tyr Leu Glu Tyr Arg Gln Val Pro Gly
1 5
<210>8
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-154
<400>8
Lys Thr Trp Gly Gln Tyr Trp Gln Val
1 5
<210>9
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-154Y1
<400>9
Tyr Thr Trp Gly Gln Tyr Trp Gln Val
1 5
<210>10
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-154M155
<400>10
Lys Met Trp Gly Gln Tyr Trp Gln Val
1 5
<210>11
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>FluM-58
<400>11
Gly Ile Gly Leu Phe Val Phe Thr Leu
1 5
<210>12
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>FluM-58Y1
<400>12
Tyr Ile Gly Leu Phe Val Phe Thr Leu
1 5
<210>13
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HIVgag-76
<400>13
Ser Leu Tyr Asn Thr Val Ala Thr Leu
1 5
<210>14
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HIVgag-76Y1
<400>14
Tyr Leu Tyr Asn Thr Val Ala Thr Leu
1 5
<210>15
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-575
<400>15
Phe Leu Leu Ser Leu Gly Ile His Leu
1 5
<210>16
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-575Y1
<400>16
Tyr Leu Leu Ser Leu Gly Ile His Leu
1 5
<210>17
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-765
<400>17
Leu Leu Gly Cys Ala Ala Asn Trp Ile Leu
1 5 10
<210>18
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-765Y1
<400>18
Tyr Leu Gly Cys Ala Ala Asn Trp Ile Leu
1 5 10
<210>19
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Mart-1-27
<400>19
Ala Ala Gly Ile Gly Ile Leu Thr Val
1 5
<210>20
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Mart-1-27Y1
<400>20
Tyr Ala Gly Ile Gly Ile Leu Thr Val
1 5
<210>21
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Mart-1-26
<400>21
Glu Ala Ala Gly Ile Gly Ile Leu Thr Val
1 5 10
<210>22
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Mart-1-26L27
<400>22
Glu Leu Ala Gly Ile Gly Ile Leu Thr Val
1 5 10
<210>23
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-177
<400>23
Ala Met Leu Gly Thr His Thr Met Glu Val
1 5 10
<210>24
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-177Y1
<400>24
Tyr Met Leu Gly Thr His Thr Met Glu Val
1 5 10
<210>25
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-178
<400>25
Met Leu Gly Thr His Thr Met Glu Val
1 5
<210>26
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-178Y1
<400>26
Tyr Leu Gly Thr His Thr Met Glu Val
1 5
<210>27
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-570
<400>27
Ser Leu Ala Asp Thr Asn Ser Leu Ala Val
1 5 10
<210>28
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-570Y1
<400>28
Tyr Leu Ala Asp Thr Asn Ser Leu Ala Val
1 5 10
<210>29
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-209
<400>29
Thr Asp Gln Val Pro Phe Ser Val
1 5
<210>30
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-209Y1
<400>30
Tyr Asp Gln Val Pro Phe Ser Val
1 5
<210>31
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-209M210
<400>31
Tyr Met Gln Val Pro Phe Ser Val
1 5
<210>32
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-476
<400>32
Val Leu Tyr Arg Tyr Gly Ser Phe Ser Val
1 5 10
<210>33
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-476Y1
<400>33
Tyr Leu Tyr Arg Tyr Gly Ser Phe Ser Val
1 5 10
<210>34
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-457
<400>34
Leu Leu Asp Gly Thr Ala Thr Leu Arg Leu
1 5 10
<210>35
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>Gp100-457Y1
<400>35
Tyr Leu Asp Gly Thr Ala Thr Leu Arg Leu
1 5 10
<210>36
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-799
<400>36
Gln Leu Met Pro Tyr Gly Cys Leu Leu
1 5
<210>37
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER 2/neu-799Y1
<400>37
Tyr Leu Met Pro Tyr Gly Cys Leu Leu
1 5
<210>38
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-369
<400>38
Lys Ile Phe Gly Ser Leu Ala Phe Leu
1 5
<210>39
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-369Y1
<400>39
Tyr Ile Phe Gly Ser Leu Ala Phe Leu
1 5
<210>40
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER 2/neu-789
<400>40
Cys Leu Thr Ser Thr Val Gln Leu Val
1 5
<210>41
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-789Y1
<400>41
Tyr Leu Thr Ser Thr Val Gln Leu Val
1 5
<210>42
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-48
<400>42
His Leu Tyr Gln Gly Cys Gln Trp
1 5
<210>43
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-48Y1
<400>43
Tyr Leu Tyr Gln Gly Cys Gln Trp
1 5
<210>44
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-773
<400>44
Val Met Ala Gly Val Gly Ser Pro Tyr Val
1 5 10
<210>45
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-773Y1
<400>45
Tyr Met Ala Gly Val Gly Ser Pro Tyr Val
1 5 10
<210>46
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-5
<400>46
Ala Leu Cys Arg Trp Gly Leu Leu
1 5
<210>47
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-5Y1
<400>47
Tyr Leu Cys Arg Trp Gly Leu Leu
1 5
<210>48
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-851
<400>48
Val Leu Val Lys Ser Pro Asn His Val
1 5
<210>49
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu 851Y1
<400>49
Tyr Leu Val Lys Ser Pro Asn His Val
1 5
<210>50
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-661
<400>50
Ile Leu Leu Val Val Val Leu Gly Val
1 5
<210>51
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-661Y1
<400>51
Tyr Leu Leu Val Val Val Leu Gly Val
1 5
<210>52
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-650
<400>52
Pro Leu Thr Ser Ile Ile Ser Ala Val
1 5
<210>53
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-650Y1
<400>53
Tyr Leu Thr Ser Ile Ile Ser Ala Val
1 5
<210>54
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-466
<400>54
Ala Leu Ile His His Asn Thr His Leu
1 5
<210>55
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-466Y1
<400>55
Tyr Leu Ile His His Asn Thr His Leu
1 5
<210>56
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-402
<400>56
Thr Leu Glu Glu Ile Thr Gly Tyr Leu
1 5
<210>57
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-402Y1
<400>57
Tyr Leu Glu Glu Ile Thr Gly Tyr Leu
1 5
<210>58
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-391
<400>58
Pro Leu Gln Pro Glu Gln Leu Gln Val
1 5
<210>59
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-391Y1
<400>59
Tyr Leu Gln Pro Glu Gln Leu Gln Val
1 5
<210>60
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-971
<400>60
Glu Leu Val Ser Glu Phe Ser Arg Met
1 5
<210>61
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-2/neu-971Y1
<400>61
Tyr Leu Val Ser Glu Phe Ser Arg Met
1 5
<210>62
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-28
<400>62
Leu Leu Asp Asp Glu Ala Gly Pro Leu
1 5
<210>63
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-28Y1
<400>63
Tyr Leu Asp Asp Glu Ala Gly Pro Leu
1 5
<210>64
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-594
<400>64
Pro Leu Glu Glu Glu Leu Pro Arg Leu
1 5
<210>65
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-594Y1
<400>65
Tyr Leu Glu Glu Glu Leu Pro Arg Leu
1 5
<210>66
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-985
<400>66
Asn Leu Gln Ser Leu Thr Asn Leu Leu
1 5
<210>67
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HBVpol-985Y1
<400>67
Tyr Leu Gln Ser Leu Thr Asn Leu Leu
1 5
<210>68
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>EphA2-61
<400>68
Asp Met Pro Ile Tyr Met Tyr Ser Val
1 5
<210>69
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>EphA2-61Y1
<400>69
Tyr Met Pro Ile Tyr Met Tyr Ser Val
1 5
<210>70
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-911
<400>70
Thr Val Trp Glu Leu Met Thr Phe Gly Ala
1 5 10
<210>71
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-911Y1V10
<400>71
Tyr Val Trp Glu Leu Met Thr Phe Gly Val
1 5 10
<210>72
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER4-911
<400>72
Thr Ile Trp Glu Leu Met Thr Phe Gly Gly
1 5 10
<210>73
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER1-911
<400>73
Thr Val Trp Glu Leu Met Thr Phe Gly Ser
1 5 10
<210>74
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-722
<400>74
Lys Val Lys Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Ala
1 5
<210>75
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-722Y1V9
<400>75
Tyr Val Lys Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Val
1 5
<210>76
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER3-722
<400>76
Lys Leu Lys Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Val
1 5
<210>77
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER4-722
<400>77
Arg Val Lys Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Ala
1 5
<210>78
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER1-722
<400>78
Lys Ile Lys Val Leu Gly Ser Gly Ala
1 5
<210>79
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-845
<400>79
Asp Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Val Leu Val
1 5
<210>80
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-845Y1
<400>80
Tyr Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Val Leu Val
1 5
<210>81
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER3-845
<400>81
Asn Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Val Leu Leu
1 5
<210>82
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-904
<400>82
Asp Val Trp Ser Tyr Gly Val Thr Val
1 5
<210>83
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-904Y1
<400>83
Tyr Val Trp Ser Tyr Gly Val Thr Val
1 5
<210>84
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER4-904
<400>84
Asp Val Trp Ser Tyr Gly Val Thr Ile
1 5
<210>85
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-933
<400>85
Asp Leu Leu Glu Lys Gly Glu Arg Leu
1 5
<210>86
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-933Y1
<400>86
Tyr Leu Leu Glu Lys Gly Glu Arg Leu
1 5
<210>87
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER1-933
<400>87
Ser Ile Leu Glu Leu Lys Gly Glu Arg Leu
1 5 10
<210>88
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER2-945
<400>88
Pro Ile Cys Thr Ile Asp Val Tyr Met Ile
1 5 10
<210>89
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER3-945
<400>89
Gln Ile Cys Thr Ile Asp Val Tyr Met Val
1 5 10
<210>90
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER-945Y1
<400>90
Tyr Ile Cys Thr Ile Asp Val Tyr Met Val
1 5 10
<210>91
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER4-945
<400>91
Pro Ile Cys Thr Ile Asp Val Tyr Met Val
1 5 10
<210>92
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工
<220>
<223>HER1-945
<400>92
Pro Ile Cys Thr Ile Asp Val Tyr Lys Ile
1 5 10
Claims (7)
1.天然隐性肽在制备维持CTL免疫应答的药物组合物中的应用,其中CTL免疫应答由该天然隐性肽的同源的优化肽激发,其中所述天然隐性肽和所述同源的优化肽选自以下成对的肽:[TERT572(SEQ ID No:1),TERT572Y1(SEQ ID No:2)]和[TERT988(SEQ ID No:3),TERT988Y1SEQ ID No:4)]。
2.根据权利要求1的应用,其中所述天然隐性肽是TERT572(RLFFYRKSV,SEQ ID No:1),其同源的优化肽是TERT572Y(YLFFYRKSV,SEQ ID No:2)。
3.根据权利要求1的应用,其中所述天然隐性肽是TERT988(DLQVNSLQTV,SEQ ID No:3),其同源的优化肽是TERT988Y(YLQVNSLQTV,SEQ ID No:4)。
4.一种免疫接种试剂盒,其包括至少一个剂量的天然隐性肽和至少一个剂量的从所述天然肽得到的优化的免疫原肽,其中所述天然隐性肽和所述同源的优化肽选自以下成对的肽:[TERT572(SEQ ID No:1),TERT572Y1(SEQ ID No:2)]和[TERT988(SEQID No:3),TERT988Y1(SEQ ID No:4)]。
5.根据权利要求4的免疫接种试剂盒,其包括2个或3个剂量的优化肽,以及3、4、5、6或多至50个剂量的天然肽。
6.根据权利要求4或权利要求5的免疫接种试剂盒,其中每一个剂量包括1至5mg的肽。
7.根据权利要求4-6任一项的免疫接种试剂盒,其中所述免疫接种剂量是制成皮下注射用的。
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WO2008010010A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-24 | Vaxon Biotech | Identification, optimization and use of cryptic hla-b7 epitopes for immunotherapy |
CN102153658A (zh) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-08-17 | 上海科医联创生物科技有限公司 | 肿瘤抗原、dc肿瘤疫苗及其制备方法 |
US10258676B2 (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2019-04-16 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Polypeptide vaccine |
MA42420A (fr) | 2015-05-13 | 2018-05-23 | Agenus Inc | Vaccins pour le traitement et la prévention du cancer |
EP3400959A1 (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-14 | Vaxon Biotech | Use of a vaccine targeting a cryptic tert epitope, for treating cancer in a hla-a*0201-positive patient having a non-immunogenic tumor expressing tert |
EP3400954A1 (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-14 | Vaxon Biotech | Vaccine targeting a cryptic tert epitope, for treating lung cancer in a hla-a*0201-positive never-smoker or light-former smoker patient |
US20200147195A1 (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2020-05-14 | The Wistar Institute Of Anatomy And Biology | Dtert vaccines and methods of treatment using the same |
MA52363A (fr) | 2018-04-26 | 2021-03-03 | Agenus Inc | Compositions peptidiques de liaison à une protéine de choc thermique (hsp) et leurs méthodes d'utilisation |
US11161892B1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2021-11-02 | Think Therapeutics, Inc. | Method of compact peptide vaccines using residue optimization |
US11058751B1 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2021-07-13 | Think Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions for optimized RAS peptide vaccines |
US11421015B2 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2022-08-23 | Think Therapeutics, Inc. | Method of compact peptide vaccines using residue optimization |
US11464842B1 (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-10-11 | Think Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions and method for optimized peptide vaccines using residue optimization |
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FR2812087B1 (fr) * | 2000-07-21 | 2007-05-11 | Inst Nat Sante Rech Med | Procede de criblage de peptides utilisables en immunotherapie |
WO2003009812A2 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-06 | New York University | Use of glycosylceramides as adjuvants for vaccines against infections and cancer |
FR2837837B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-28 | 2006-09-29 | Roussy Inst Gustave | Epitopes peptidiques communs a des antigenes d'une meme famille multigenique |
FR2838742B1 (fr) | 2002-04-23 | 2004-07-09 | Inst Nat Sante Rech Med | Epitopes t de l'antigene epha2 |
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2006
- 2006-05-09 BR BRPI0608768-0A patent/BRPI0608768B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-05-09 DE DE602006006046T patent/DE602006006046D1/de active Active
- 2006-05-09 PT PT06743108T patent/PT1879612E/pt unknown
- 2006-05-09 US US11/913,138 patent/US8663645B2/en active Active
- 2006-05-09 CN CN2006800160112A patent/CN101171032B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-09 JP JP2008510520A patent/JP5435938B2/ja active Active
- 2006-05-09 CA CA2606871A patent/CA2606871C/en active Active
- 2006-05-09 WO PCT/EP2006/005325 patent/WO2006120038A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-05-09 DK DK06743108T patent/DK1879612T3/da active
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- 2006-05-09 EP EP06743108A patent/EP1879612B1/en active Active
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2013
- 2013-12-06 US US14/099,881 patent/US20140178421A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (6)
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Gross DA.High vaccination efficiency of low-affinity epitopes inantitumor immunotherapy.The Journal of Clinical Investigation113 3.2004,30(3),全文. |
Gross DA.High vaccination efficiency of low-affinity epitopes inantitumor immunotherapy.The Journal of Clinical Investigation113 3.2004,30(3),全文. * |
Thomas K.The Ability of Variant Peptides to ReversetheNonresponsiveness of T Lymphocytes to the Wild-TypeSequence p53264–272 Epitope.The Journal of Immunology168 3.2002,30(3),全文. |
Thomas K.The Ability of Variant Peptides to ReversetheNonresponsiveness of T Lymphocytes to the Wild-TypeSequence p53264–272 Epitope.The Journal of Immunology168 3.2002,30(3),全文. * |
Tourdot,S.A general strategy to enhance immunogenicity of low-affinityHLA-A2. 1-associated peptides: implication in theidentification of cryptic tumor epitopes.European Journal of Immunology30 12.2000,30(3),全文. |
Tourdot,S.A general strategy to enhance immunogenicity of low-affinityHLA-A2. 1-associated peptides: implication in theidentification of cryptic tumor epitopes.European Journal of Immunology30 12.2000,30(3),全文. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0608768A2 (pt) | 2010-01-26 |
EP1879612A2 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
JP2008540483A (ja) | 2008-11-20 |
CA2606871C (en) | 2014-06-03 |
ATE427117T1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
CN101171032A (zh) | 2008-04-30 |
US20080254051A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
PL1879612T3 (pl) | 2009-08-31 |
PT1879612E (pt) | 2009-06-30 |
JP5435938B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
BRPI0608768B1 (pt) | 2019-08-20 |
CA2606871A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
US20140178421A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
US8663645B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
DK1879612T3 (da) | 2009-07-20 |
DE602006006046D1 (de) | 2009-05-14 |
EP1879612B1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
ES2323895T3 (es) | 2009-07-27 |
WO2006120038A2 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
WO2006120038A3 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
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