CN101166911A - 车轮轴承装置的轮毂 - Google Patents

车轮轴承装置的轮毂 Download PDF

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CN101166911A
CN101166911A CNA2006800142561A CN200680014256A CN101166911A CN 101166911 A CN101166911 A CN 101166911A CN A2006800142561 A CNA2006800142561 A CN A2006800142561A CN 200680014256 A CN200680014256 A CN 200680014256A CN 101166911 A CN101166911 A CN 101166911A
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tooth
wheel hub
inner ring
line
axle collar
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CN100560997C (zh
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R·朗格尔
E·马苏尔
R·海斯
B·菲勒
P·尼布林
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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FAG Kugelfischer AG and Co OHG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0005—Hubs with ball bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0015—Hubs for driven wheels
    • B60B27/0021—Hubs for driven wheels characterised by torque transmission means from drive axle
    • B60B27/0031—Hubs for driven wheels characterised by torque transmission means from drive axle of the axial type, e.g. front teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/072—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving plastic deformation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/076—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end by clamping together two faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. with bolted flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种车轮轴承装置的轮毂(1)，包括至少一个安装在轮毂(1)上的内圈(2，28)，其中内圈(2，28)由一个从轮毂(1)成型出的轴环(3，31)轴向保持在轮毂(1)上，并且在此该轴环(3，31)具有一个齿部(4，11，15，23，25)，其中内圈(2，28)在端侧径向内部具有一个凹部(5)并且在此该凹部(5)用轴环(3，31)的塑性排挤出的材料填满，使得该材料至少在凹部(5)中背面嵌接内圈(2，28)，并且该材料在凹部(5)中沿径向方向被内圈(2，28)围住。

Description

车轮轴承装置的轮毂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车轮轴承装置的轮毂，包括至少一个安装在轮毂上的内圈，其中内圈由一个从轮毂成型出的轴环轴向保持在轮毂上，并且在此该轴环具有一个齿部，其中内圈在端侧径向内部具有一个凹部并且在此该凹部用轴环的塑性排挤出的材料填满，使得该材料至少在凹部中背面嵌接内圈，并且该材料在凹部中沿径向方向被内圈围住。
背景技术
在DE3636243A1中描述了一种此类的轮毂。内圈由一个与轮毂成一件构成的轴环保持在轮毂上。轴环由轮毂的一个轴向端部形成。为此将内圈套到其座圈上并然后扩大和翻起端部并设有齿部。工艺上优选冷成型。在此将轴环的材料压入端侧的凹部中。在内圈与轮毂之间构成一种旋转固定的连接。车轮轴承通过轴向依靠内圈预紧的轴环夹紧。
特别在加工齿部时，要力求使轴环的材料径向向外移位。因此除成型工具外还使用一个套筒形辅助工具，该辅助工具在径向外部形成一个挡块并由此阻止材料的外流。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种轮毂，它可以简单而低成本地制造。
该目的按照权利要求1的特征这样达到，即，齿部至少部分地在由内圈径向围在凹部中的材料构成。因此齿部成型在材料的径向通过内圈约束地保持的部分中。在齿部成型时，材料可以不径向移位，因为它由内圈阻挡，并且特别流入到工具的型模中，从而最好地成型出各齿特别是其支承部分。
所谓齿部应该理解为全部的包括各轴向突出部和在各突出部之间与其邻接的各齿槽的成型轮廓，借其可与一个相应的对应成型轮廓构成一种形锁合的传递转矩的连接。
这样的成型轮廓例如是由钢、非铁金属和合金或由其他适合的材料制成的直齿部或斜齿部。
本发明的实施形式涉及齿部在轴环上的构成并且以下借助附图更详细地描述。
附图说明
图1示出一个部分示出的车轮轴承装置的一个轮毂1的局部视图，车轮轴承装置包括至少一个安装在轮毂1上的内圈2。在一个沿轮毂1的旋转轴线1a的纵剖面内示出该装置。内圈2由一个从轮毂1成型出的轴环3轴向保持在轮毂1上。轴环3具有一个用于扭矩连接的齿部4。
内圈2在径向内部设有一个端侧的凹部5，它部分地用轴环3的冷塑性排挤出的材料填满。凹部5环槽形延伸并且材料在凹部5中成凸起形绕轮毂1的旋转轴线1a延伸。材料在凹部5的端面6背面嵌接内圈2。端面6是向外拱形的。内圈2具有一个径向边缘7，它用一内圆柱面7a径向限定凹部5的边界并且材料沿径向方向围在凹部5中。齿部4的各齿8部分地构成在由径向边缘7围住的材料中。
图1a不按比例放大地示出图1的细部Z。各齿8径向纵向定位并且在圆周上绕旋转轴线1a相互邻接。远离齿根10最外部的轮廓沿每一齿8的齿顶9几何上通过齿顶线9′描述。齿根线10′是齿8在材料中的过渡上的几何线并且同时标示齿槽的底面上的顶点10。在顶点P，相应的齿顶线9′交会于一齿根线10′。
在按图1和图1a的齿部4上齿根线10′和齿顶线9′形成一个用α标记的在其间可任意选择的大小的锐角。此外相应的齿的齿顶线9′以与齿根线10′相同的方向远离平面E向轴环的材料那边倾斜一个可任意选择的大小的锐角。平面E是一想象的通过顶点P延伸的垂直平面E，它垂直地被轮毂的旋转轴线1a穿过。在该情况下，平面E在齿部4以外延伸。齿顶线9′和齿根线10′随着距P点的径向距离的渐增和随着距轮毂1的旋转轴线1a的径向距离的渐增而渐增地继续彼此远离。
图2示出包括一个齿部11的细部Z，其中各齿12的齿顶线13′在垂直平面E内延伸。各齿12径向纵向定位并且在圆周上相互邻接。远离齿根14最外部的轮廓沿每一齿12的齿顶13理论几何上通过齿顶线13′描述。齿根线14′是齿12在材料中的过渡上的几何线并且同时标示在齿槽的底面上的顶点14。在按图2的齿部11上，齿根线14′和齿顶线13′形成一个在其间可任意选择的大小的锐角α，从而相应的齿根线14′远离垂直平面E向边缘的材料那边倾斜角α。在该情况下，平面E在顶侧限定齿部11边界。齿顶线13′和齿根线14′随着距P点的径向距离的渐增和随着距轮毂1的旋转轴线1a的径向距离的渐增而渐增地继续彼此远离。
图3示出一部分示出的车轮轴承装置的一轮毂1的局部视图包括至少一个安装在轮毂1上的内圈2。在一沿轮毂1的旋转轴线1a的纵剖面内示出该装置。在凹部5中一倾斜延伸的平面端面19由包括一齿部15的材料背面嵌接。各齿18径向纵向定位并且在圆周上相互邻接。齿部15由内圈的边缘7径向完全包围嵌接，从而齿部15完全构成在材料中，该齿部在轴环成型时被压入到凹部5中。
远离齿根17最外部的轮廓沿每一齿18的齿顶16理论几何上通过齿顶线16′描述。齿根线17′是相应的齿18在材料中的过渡上的几何线并且同时标示在齿槽的底面上的顶点17。齿根线17′和齿顶线16′形成一个在其间任意大小的锐角α。
垂直平面E在齿顶线16′与齿根线17′之间的齿部15中延伸。相应的齿根线17′远离垂直平面E向边缘的材料那边倾斜角而齿顶线16′远离平面E和远离材料倾斜角δ。齿顶线16′和齿根线17′随着距P点的径向距离的渐增继而随着距轮毂1的旋转轴线1a的径向距离的渐增而渐增地继续彼此远离。
按图4的齿部23的各齿20径向纵向定位并且在圆周上相互邻接。远离齿根21最外部的几何轮廓沿每一齿20的齿顶22几何上通过齿顶线22′描述。齿根线21′是每一齿20在材料中的过渡上的几何线并且同时标示在齿槽的底面上的顶点21。在顶点P上，相应的齿顶线22′交会于一齿根线21′。
齿根线21′和齿顶线22′形成一个用α标记的在其间可任意选择大小的锐角。此外相应的齿20的齿根线21′以与齿顶线22′相同的方向远离平面E和远离轴环的材料倾斜一个可任意选择的大小的锐角。平面E是一想象的通过顶点P延伸的垂直平面E，它垂直地被轮毂的旋转轴线1a穿过。在该情况下，平面E轴向在一个内圈的端面19与各齿20之间延伸。齿顶线22′和齿根线21′随着距P点径向距离的渐增而渐增地继续彼此远离。
按图5的齿部25的各齿32的齿根线24平行于齿顶线26延伸并且分别平行于或在任意的垂直平面E内延伸。径向在齿部25与内圈28的径向边缘27之间构成一个由材料构成实心的环形部分30，该环形部分在轴环31成型时被压入到在端侧成阶梯形的内圈28的凹部29中。环形部分30径向包围齿部25并且径向被径向边缘27包围。
附图标记清单
1     轮毂          16    齿顶
1a    旋转轴线      16′  齿顶线
2     内圈      25  17    齿根
3     轴环          17′  齿根线
4     齿部          18    齿
5     部            19    端面
6     端面          20    齿
7     径向边缘  30  21    齿根
7a    内圆柱面      21′  齿根线
8     齿            22    齿顶
9     齿顶          22′  齿顶线
9′   齿顶线        23    齿部
10    齿根      35  24    齿根线
10′  齿根线        25    齿部
11    齿部          26    齿顶线
12    齿            27    径向边缘
13    齿顶          28    内圈
13′  齿顶线    40  29    凹部
14    齿根          30    环形部分
14′  齿根线        31    轴环
15    齿部          32    齿

Claims (6)

1.车轮轴承装置的轮毂(1)，包括至少一个安装在轮毂(1)上的内圈(2，28)，其中内圈(2，28)由一个从轮毂(1)成型出的轴环(3，31)轴向保持在轮毂(1)上，并且在此该轴环(3，31)具有一个齿部(4，11，15，23，25)，其中内圈(2，28)在端侧径向内部具有一个凹部(5)并且在此该凹部(5)用轴环(3，31)的塑性排挤出的材料填满，使得该材料至少在凹部(5)中背面嵌接内圈(2，28)，并且该材料在凹部(5)中沿径向方向被内圈(2，28)围住，其特征在于，齿部(4，11，15，23，25)至少部分地在由内圈(2，28)径向围在凹部(5)中的材料构成(图1，图1a，图2，图3，图4，图5)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的车轮轴承装置，其特征在于，凹部(5)环槽形绕着轮毂(1)的旋转轴线(1a)延伸(图1，图1a，图2，图3，图4，图5)。
3.按照权利要求1所述的车轮轴承装置，包括在轴环(3，31)上径向纵向定位的且在圆周上相互邻接的各齿(12，32)，其特征在于，各齿(12，32)的齿顶线(13′，26)在一个共同的想象的垂直平面(E)内延伸，其中垂直平面(E)垂直地被轮毂(1)的旋转轴线(1a)穿过(图2，图5)。
4.按照权利要求1所述的车轮轴承装置，包括在轴环(3)上由径向纵向定位且在圆周上相互邻接的各齿(8，12，18，20)构成的直齿部或斜齿部(4，11，15，23)，其特征在于，各齿(8，12，18，20)的齿根线(10′，14′，17′，21′)以一个锐角倾斜于一个共同的想象的垂直平面(E)，其中垂直平面(E)垂直地被轮毂(1)的旋转轴线(1a)穿过(图1，图1a，图2，图3，图4)。
5.按照权利要求1所述的车轮轴承装置，包括在轴环(3，31)上由径向纵向定位且在圆周上相互邻接的各齿(8，18，20)构成的直齿部或斜齿部(4，15，23)，其特征在于，各齿(8，18，20)的齿顶线(9′，16′，22′)以一个锐角倾斜于一个共同的想象的垂直平面(E)，其中垂直平面(E)垂直地被轮毂(1)的旋转轴线(1a)穿过(图1，图1a，图3，图4)。
6.按照权利要求1所述的车轮轴承装置，包括在轴环(3)上由径向纵向定位且在圆周上相互邻接的各齿(8，12，18，20)构成的直齿部或斜齿部(4，11，15，23)，其特征在于，齿根线(10′，14′，17′，21′)与齿顶线(9′，13′，16′，22′)之间形成一个锐角，其中齿顶线(9′，13′，16′，22′)和齿根线(10′，14′，17′，21′)随着距轮毂(1)的旋转轴线(1a)的径向距离的渐增而渐增地继续彼此远离地延伸(图1，图1a，图2，图3，图4)。
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