CN101165067B - 肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法 - Google Patents
肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于首先将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH按照Fmoc多肽固相合成的方法接到树脂上,然后继续将余下的保护氨基酸依次逐个连接,再后用切肽试剂将合成的粗肽切下,最后将粗肽分离提纯即得目标肽肾上腺髓质素(27-52)。本发明反应条件温和、速率快、副反应少、提纯更容易,产率高,且由于没有采用氟化氢作为切肽试剂,还避免了对设备的腐蚀和对环境的污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于多肽的固相合成方法及应用技术领域,具体涉及一种肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法。
背景技术
肾上腺髓质素(adrenomedullin,ADM)是正常人体肾上腺内的表达,其在骨组织中也有高表达,并由成骨细胞分泌。
肾上腺髓质素经过人们(Corni sh J,Callon KE,Coy DH,Jiang NY,Xiao L,CooperGJ,et al.Adrenomedullin is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic activity invitro and in vivo.Am J Physiol 1997;273:E1113-20)研究发现,它与治疗骨质疏松症的药物降钙素基因的相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)间的同源性为24%,应属于CGRP家族的成员;人的ADM是由52个氨基酸残基组成,第16和21位半胱氨酸残基构成了一个链内二硫键的环状结构,这个结构特点对其生物活性作用非常重要,但提示该环状结构不是促成骨细胞增殖所必需的,而促成骨细胞增殖活性区最短是保存在如下的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的序列中:
HO-Ala-His-Gln-Ile-Tyr-Gln-Phe-Thr-Asp-Lys-Asp-Lys-Asp-Asn-Val-Ala-Pro-Arg-Ser-Lys-Ile-Ser-Pro-Gln-Gly-Tyr-H
且去除此环状结构的肽链片段的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)因失去了其对心血管系统、肺、血小板、胃酸分泌等的影响,还可避免其作为成骨药物时对人体其它系统产生的不良作用(Eguchi S,Hirata Y,Iwasaki H,Sato K,Watanabe TX,Inui T,etal.Structure-activity relationship of adrenomedullin,a novel vasodilatorypeptide,in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Endocrinology1994;135:2454-8;Cornish J. Adrenomedullin--a regulator of bone formation.Regulatory Peptides[Regul Pept],2003Apr 15;Vol.112(1-3),pp.79-86)。Cornish等(Cornish J,Callon KE,Coy DH,Jiang NY,Xiao L,Cooper GJ,etal.Adrenomedullin is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic activity in vitro andin vivo.Am J Physiol 1997;273:E1113-20)还通过其在体外成骨细胞培养液的研究,发现ADM(27-52)含量为0.1nmol/L时,就能刺激成骨细胞增殖。
而现有的合成肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的方法主要为Boc(叔丁氧羰基)多肽固相合成法(Cornish J,Callon KE,Coy DH,Jiang NY,Xiao L,Cooper GJ,etal.Adrenomedullin is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic activity in vitro andin vivo.Am J Physiol 1997;273:E1113-20),虽然该方法所用的Boc保护氨基酸价格较低,但是存在着如下不足:
1、由于合成过程中需反复用酸脱除保护基,然后用氟化氢把肽段从树脂上裂解下来,因而反应条件剧烈,不可避免地会引起副反应,且使其中某些侧链保护基不稳定,导致已延长的肽链从固相支持物上的逐步损失,产率低,并使Asp(天门冬氨酸)、Lys(赖氨酸)等氨基酸残基的侧链发生变化等。
2、由于副反应产物产生较多,增大了提纯难度。
3、由于所使用氟化氢为强酸,腐蚀性强,不仅要缩短设备使用寿命,而且污染环境。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服已有技术存在的不足,提供一种新的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法。
本发明提供的新的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于首先将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH按照Fmoc(芴甲氧羰基)多肽固相合成的方法接到树脂上,然后继续将余下的保护氨基酸依次逐个连接,再后用切肽试剂将合成的粗肽切下,最后将粗肽分离提纯即得目标肽肾上腺髓质素(27-52)。
其中将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH按照Fmoc多肽固相合成的方法接到树脂上是先将树脂用溶剂在室温下溶胀0.5~2h抽滤,然后将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH、碳二亚氨类缩合剂、缩合剂4-二甲氨基哌啶,按树脂的摩尔倍数计为1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶0.1~1.0的配比溶于以树脂重量计为5~40mL/g溶剂中,并将其与树脂一起在室温下搅拌反应4~72h,用洗涤液洗涤,再后用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基后再次洗涤,最后抽干到恒重或直接将购得的Fmoc-Ala-树脂先用溶剂在室温下溶胀0.5~2h抽滤,再用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基后洗涤,最后抽干到恒重;
继续将余下的保护氨基酸依次逐个连接是按ADM(27-52)的序列由C端向N端延伸,且每个保护氨基酸的连接步骤是首先将抗消旋缩合剂、脲鎓或磷鎓类缩合剂、缩合剂二异丙基乙胺和相应的保护氨基酸残基,按树脂的摩尔倍数计为1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶1.0~3.0的配比加入到脱除了Fmoc保护基的-Ala-树脂中,并加入以树脂重量计为5~40mL/g溶剂,在室温下缩合0.5~6h,然后用洗涤剂洗涤,再后用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基并用洗涤剂洗涤,随后重复进行缩合-洗涤-脱保护-洗涤过程直到第26个氨基酸连接完毕,所不同的是每一步循环连接的氨基酸所对应的保护氨基酸不同,每个对应的保护氨基酸均可直接购得,其中所用保护氨基酸的摩尔倍数优选1.5~2.5;
用切肽试剂将合成的粗肽切下是先将用三氟乙酸-苯甲硫醚-二巯基乙醇-苯甲醇按体积比为80~97∶1~10∶1~5∶1~5配制的切肽试剂,以树脂重量计为8~60ml/g加入,并在冰水浴下搅拌反应1~12h后过滤,然后用三氟乙酸按树脂重量计用2~8ml/g洗树脂2~5次,洗液并入滤液中进行蒸发浓缩,再加入沉淀剂沉淀,分离,残留物冷冻干燥得粗肽。
至于将粗肽分离提纯即得目标肽肾上腺髓质素(27-52)是先将粗肽用浓度为1~6mmol/L溶剂如重蒸水、50%醋酸或盐酸溶液溶解,经滤膜过滤后,用C-18柱和洗脱剂0.1%三氟乙酸水溶液和0.1%三氟乙酸-乙腈溶液梯度洗脱后得到目的肽。
上述方法中所用树脂为对羟甲基苯氧甲基聚苯乙烯树脂或对-烷氧基苯甲醇树脂;所用溶剂为二氯甲烷或N-甲基吡咯烷酮;所用碳二亚氨类缩合剂为二环己基碳二亚胺或二异丙基碳二亚胺;所用洗涤液为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇中的至少一种;所用脱保护液为体积比20%或50%的吡啶与二甲基甲酰胺混合液;所用抗消旋缩合剂为1-羟基苯并三氮唑;所用脲鎓或磷鎓类缩合剂为1-羟基-苯并-三氮唑四甲基六氟磷酸盐或1-氧-3-双二甲胺羰基苯骈三氮唑四氟化硼盐;所用沉淀剂为冰乙醚。
本发明与已有技术相比,具有以下优点:
1、由于本发明是采用Fmoc(芴甲氧羰基)多肽固相合成方法来合成肾上腺髓质素(27-52),其中使用的α-氨基的保护基是Fmoc,Fmoc不仅对酸稳定,而且易与碱作用,本发明选用了碱性化合物(吡啶与二甲基甲酰胺)作脱保护剂,因而使其反应条件温和、副反应少、产率高,同时,Fmoc基团还有特征性紫外吸收,易于监测控制反应的进行。
2、由于本发明在第一肽Fmoc-Ala-OH接树脂时采用了碳二亚氨类缩合剂/4-二甲氨基哌啶为缩合催化剂,因而使其反应速率快、产率高、副反应少。
3、由于本发明在接肽过程中采用了抗消旋缩合剂、脲鎓或磷鎓类缩合剂、缩合剂二异丙基乙胺作为缩合催化剂进行接肽反应,因而不仅使其结合率高、反应时间短、副产物少,而且还可减少消旋。
4、由于本发明在第一肽Fmoc-Ala-OH接树脂时反应体系未采用二甲基甲酰胺做溶剂,因而避免了其对羟基树脂与Fmoc氨基酸的成酯反应产生的抑制,提高了缩合率。
5、由于本发明副反应产物产生较少,因而提纯更容易。
6、由于本发明没有采用氟化氢作为切肽试剂,因而避免了其对设备腐蚀和对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
下面给出实施例以对本发明进行具体描述,有必要在此指出的是以下实施例只用于对本发明作进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,该领域的技术熟练人员根据上述本发明内容对本发明所作出的一些非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例为第一肽接树脂。
称取0.25mmol(234mg)对-烷氧基苯甲醇树脂置于固相反应器中,用二氯甲烷浸泡2h后抽滤,然后将1mmol Fmoc-Ala-OH,1mmol二环己基碳二亚胺,0.1mmol 4-二甲氨基哌啶溶于6mL的N-甲基吡咯烷酮中,加入固相反应器与对-烷氧基苯甲醇树脂一起在室温下反应2h,反应结束后,用二氯甲烷每次3ml洗涤5次,再后加入4ml 20%哌啶/二甲基甲酰胺混合溶液,摇动反应0.5h,抽滤,再用N-甲基吡咯烷酮每次2ml洗涤5次、二氯甲烷每次2ml洗涤5次以及甲醇每次3ml洗涤5次,并重复上述洗涤-脱保护-洗涤两次,最后将反应物抽干到恒重。
实施例2
本实施例为第二肽的合成。
首先向有上步反应所获树脂的固相反应器中加入按树脂的摩尔倍数计为1∶1∶1配制的1-羟基苯并三氮唑、1-羟基-苯并-三氮唑四甲基六氟磷酸盐、二异丙基乙胺的缩合试剂2mL(浓度0.45mol/L)和0.5mmolFmoc-His(Trt)-OH,并加入6ml N-甲基吡咯烷酮,在室温下缩合2h,然后用用二氯甲烷每次3ml洗涤5次,再后加入4ml 20%哌啶/二甲基甲酰胺混合溶液,摇动反应0.5h,抽滤,再用N-甲基吡咯烷酮每次2ml洗涤5次、二氯甲烷每次2ml洗涤5次以及甲醇每次3ml洗涤5次,并重复上述洗涤-脱保护-洗涤两次,最后将反应物抽干到恒重。
实施例3~26
这部分实施例是在实施例2的基础上继续合成第三肽~第二十六肽的实施例。
由于这些实施例除加入的保护氨基酸不同外,其合成流程和控制条件因与实施例2完全相同,故略去不述。值得说明的是其加入的保护氨基酸均为0.5mmol,且加入的保护氨基酸依次为:
Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH;
Fmoc-Ile-OH;
Fmoc-Tyr(tBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH;
Fmoc-Phe-OH;
Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Lys-(Boc)-OH;
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Lys-(Boc)-OH;
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH;
Fmoc-Val-OH;
Fmoc-Ala-OH;
Fmoc-Pro-OH;
Fmoc-Arg(Pbf)-OH;
Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Lys-(Boc)-OH;
Fmoc-Ile-OH;
Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-OH;
Fmoc-Pro-OH;
Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH;
Fmoc-Gly-OH;
Fmoc-Tyr(tBu)-OH;
实施例27
本实施例为从树脂上切肽,以获得粗肽。
首先取按体积比为90∶5∶3∶2配制的三氟乙酸-苯甲硫醚-二巯基乙醇-苯甲醇切肽试剂10ml加入到已合成的树脂肽中,然后放入冰水浴下搅拌反应1h后过滤,再将过滤后的树脂用1.5ml三氟乙酸洗3次,洗液并入滤液,放入旋转蒸发仪中进行蒸发浓缩,在浓缩液中加入20ml冰乙醚,析出白色粉末状物体,分离沉淀物,再用冰乙醚如此操作3次,将沉淀物冷冻干燥得粗肽60mg。
实施例28
本实施例为粗肽提纯,以获得目的肽。
首先将所获粗肽溶于40ml重蒸水,然后用0.5um膜过滤,将滤液放入Waters高效液相色谱仪中,通过C18柱(6mm×150mm,粒径5μm,孔径30nm)用洗脱液A:0.1%三氟乙酸水溶液,洗脱液B:0.1%三氟乙酸/乙腈溶液进行梯度洗脱,洗脱梯度30%B~50%B,洗脱时间15min,流速为1mL/min。纯化后获多肽冻干粉42mg。
Claims (5)
1.肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于该方法的合成步骤为:
1)将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH按照Fmoc多肽固相合成的方法接到树脂上,具体操作是先将树脂用溶剂在室温下溶胀0.5~2h抽滤,然后将保护氨基酸Fmoc-Ala-OH、碳二亚氨类缩合剂、缩合剂4-二甲氨基哌啶,按树脂的摩尔倍数计为1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶0.1~1.0的配比溶于以树脂重量计为5~40mL/g溶剂中,并将其与树脂一起在室温下搅拌反应0.5~12h,用洗涤液洗涤,再后用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基后再次洗涤,最后抽干到恒重或直接将购得的Fmoc-Ala-树脂先用溶剂在室温下溶胀0.5~2h抽滤,再用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基后洗涤,最后抽干到恒重;
2)继续将余下的保护氨基酸依次逐个连接是按ADM(27-52)的序列由C端向N端延伸,且每个保护氨基酸的连接步骤是首先将抗消旋缩合剂、脲鎓或磷鎓类缩合剂、缩合剂二异丙基乙胺和相应的保护氨基酸残基,按树脂的摩尔倍数计为1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶1.0~4.4∶1.0~3.0的配比加入到脱除了Fmoc保护基的-Ala-树脂中,并加入以树脂重量计为5~40mL/g溶剂,在室温下缩合0.5~6h,然后用洗涤剂洗涤,再后用脱保护液脱除Fmoc保护基并用洗涤剂洗涤,随后重复进行缩合-洗涤-脱保护-洗涤过程直到第26个氨基酸连接完毕;
3)用切肽试剂将合成的粗肽切下的具体操作是先将用三氟乙酸-苯甲硫醚-二巯基乙醇-苯甲醇按体积比为80~97∶1~10∶1~5∶1~5配制的切肽试剂,以树脂重量计为8~60ml/g加入,并在冰水浴下搅拌反应1~12h后过滤,然后用三氟乙酸按树脂重量计用2~8ml/g洗树脂2~5次,洗液并入滤液中进行蒸发浓缩,再加入沉淀剂沉淀,分离,残留物冷冻干燥得粗肽;
4)将粗肽分离提纯即得目标肽肾上腺髓质素(27-52),
其中所用溶剂为二氯甲烷或N-甲基吡咯烷酮;所用碳二亚氨类缩合剂为二环己基碳二亚胺或二异丙基碳二亚胺;所用抗消旋缩合剂为1-羟基苯并三氮唑;所用脲鎓或磷鎓类缩合剂为1-羟基-苯并-三氮唑四甲基六氟磷酸盐或1-氧-3-双二甲胺羰基苯骈三氮唑四氟化硼盐;所用脱保护液为体积比20%或50%的吡啶与二甲基甲酰胺混合液。
2.按照权利要求1所述的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于所用保护氨基酸按树脂的摩尔倍数为1.5~2.5。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于所用树脂为对羟甲基苯氧甲基聚苯乙烯树脂或对-烷氧基苯甲醇树脂;所用洗涤液为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇中的至少一种。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于所用沉淀剂为冰乙醚。
5.按照权利要求3所述的肾上腺髓质素(27-52)的固相合成方法,其特征在于所用沉淀剂为冰乙醚。
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Cornish J,等.Adrenomedullin is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic activity invitro and in vivo.AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM273 6.1997,273(6),E1113-E1120. |
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