CN101146962A - 加入无纺成分的衬底 - Google Patents

加入无纺成分的衬底 Download PDF

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CN101146962A
CN101146962A CNA2006800093885A CN200680009388A CN101146962A CN 101146962 A CN101146962 A CN 101146962A CN A2006800093885 A CNA2006800093885 A CN A2006800093885A CN 200680009388 A CN200680009388 A CN 200680009388A CN 101146962 A CN101146962 A CN 101146962A
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substrate
fiber component
towards
fiber
elongated
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CN101146962B (zh
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哈里·F·格拉德费尔特
伯努瓦·洛朗
安杰拉·L·贝尔
蒂莫西·D·赛尔利斯
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Federal Mogul LLC
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Abstract

本发明提供一个衬底。该衬底包括多个朝向第一方向的第一纤维部件。该第一纤维部件以相互间隔的关系布置。该衬底还包括多个朝向第二方向而横向于该第一方向的第二纤维部件。该第二纤维部件相互间隔。该第二纤维部件与该第二纤维部件交织而形成一个开放的网状物。该衬底还包括多个朝向该第一方向的无纺材料细长带。每个该无纺带位于至少两个该第一纤维部件之间并且与该第二纤维部件交织。

Description

加入无纺成分的衬底
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求以美国临时专利申请No.60/665,072，主题为“加入无纺成分的纺织或编织衬底”的权益，申请日为2005年3月24日，其全部内容通过引用结合在这里。
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及纺织或者编织的纺织品的衬底。
2.相关技术的描述
细长物品，例如线束，可承受汽车，航天和航海应用中的苛刻的周边环境。例如，在车辆运行过程中，线束可能受到振动，这种振动可导致电绝缘体的磨损并导致短路。该线束也可能由于入射辐射热而暴露在极端高温中，特别是在发动机舱中。进而，该线束可能受到无线电频率或电磁干扰，或者可能成为这种干扰源。当该线束携带控制信号或者发出干扰无线电接收的干扰时，要特别关注无线电频率因素。
目前使用各种不同类型的衬底，作为抵御上面所提到的环境威胁的保护罩。这种衬底可以由纤维部件纺织或编织，并且提供适应特定环境的护套或内衬。例如，一个纺织衬底可作为用于支撑反射金属箔的层，该反射金属箔用于降低传向线束的辐射热传递。类似地，由导电纤维部件纺织成的接地管状衬底可用作围绕线束的保护套以防止无线电频率或电磁干扰。最后，衬底可用作内衬以抑制振动，且因此防止由于振动造成的磨损，或者使发出卡嗒卡嗒声并产生噪声的部件保持安静。
发明概要
本发明提供一个衬底。该衬底包括多个朝向第一方向的第一纤维部件。该第一纤维部件以相互间隔的关系布置。该衬底还包括多个朝向第二方向而横向于该第一方向的第二纤维部件，。该第二纤维部件相互间隔。该第二纤维部件与该第二纤维部件交织而形成一个开放的网状物。该衬底还包括多个朝向该第一方向的无纺材料细长带。每个该无纺带位于至少两个该第一纤维部件之间并且与该第二纤维部件交织。
附图说明
当结合下面详细说明和附图考虑时，本发明的优点将变得容易理解，其中：
图1为根据本发明第一实施例的纺织衬底的立体图。
图1A为图1所示的衬底的详细的剖视图。
图2为本发明第二纺织实施例的立体图。
图3为本发明第三纺织实施例的立体图。
图4为本发明第一实施例的立体图卷成护套的立体图。
图5为本发明第四纺织实施例的立体图。
图6为本发明编织实施例的图表表示。
图7-9图表说明本发明替代实施例的编织类型；以及
图10-13为本发明另外的实施例的示意图，其中额外的纬线插入物成分与本发明的编织实施例组合。
较佳实施例的具体说明
图1所示为本发明的衬底的立体图。衬底10由多个第一纤维部件12制成，其朝向第一方向，由箭头14指出。对于一个纺织的衬底，箭头14指出的方向与经纱方向对应。纤维部件12与多个第二纤维部件16交织。第二纤维部件16横向朝向该第一纤维部件，如箭头18所指出的。在一个纺织衬底中，箭头18指出的方向对应纬线或填充方向。第一纤维部件12相互之间间隔设置，该第二纤维部件16也一样，结果是由于该第一和第二纤维部件交织形成相对大的间隙20。纺织是优选的交织纤维部件的方法，而经编也是适合的。
衬底10也包括多个细长的无纺带22。带22朝向经纱方向14。每个带位于至少两个该第一纤维部件12之间，并且与该第二纤维部件16交织，从而在该衬底内固定这些带。优选地，细长带22的大小可以充分地填充由这些纤维部件形成的间隙20。带22可包括聚酯，聚丙烯，尼龙，以及玻璃纤维，合成橡胶和多种泡沫塑料。这些材料必须是柔性的，以便能够提供给纺织或编织机器，并且在制造过程中不会分裂。
在经纱方向延伸的第一纤维部件12优选地为复合纤维纱，由聚合体材料制成，如聚酯。复合纤维纱使衬底在该纬线方向18具有极好的弯曲柔性。然而，如果需要更高的硬度，该第一纤维部件可包括单纤维。如图1A所示，该衬底10可具有复合纤维纱或多个单纤维26，其在该细长的带22之间在该经纱方向延伸。复合纤维纱增加衬底的抗拉强度并提供一个纵向的结构28，该第二纤维部件16可与之交织。该纵向结构28将该第二纤维部件16固定在适当的位置，并且有助于保持它们之间的间隔关系。与之相比，在经纱方向仅具有单纱或单纤维的衬底，允许该第二纤维部件有较大自由的移动，允许它们不在适当的位置移动并且可能危害该衬底的完整。
如图1A所示，朝向该纬线方向18的第二纤维部件16优选地是单纤维30，由聚合体材料制成，如聚酯。之所以优选单纤维是因为它们能提供增强的硬度，并且容易通过热，化学或机械装置而偏成圆周形状以使该衬底形成如图4所示的管或护套31。该第二纤维部件16可包括两个或多个单纤维30，如图1A所示。
衬底10，处于图1所示的平面构造或者处于图4所示的管状构造，具有各种特定的用途。例如，使用由聚合体纱制成的纤维部件12和/或16，如聚酯，以及包括聚酯或尼龙毡的细长的带22，该衬底10可在用作机动车辆内的噪声压制衬套，或者是保护套，其抑制振动，并且降低或防止导致容纳在该护套内的细长物品磨损的振动。
该衬底的另一个实施例如图2所示。衬底32也包括纤维部件12和16，其交织以形成相对开放的网状物，并用细长的带22充分填充该间隙20。然而，在这个实施例中，该带22镀上一层导电材料，如碳，铝，银或者金。进而，该在纬线方向18延伸的第二纤维部件16也是导电体。可通过在该纤维部件镀上导电材料来实现，如铜或铝。在该纬线方向的电气连续性可通过沿该纤维部件16增加导线36实现。在导电的第二纤维部件16和/或电线36以及该导电的细长的带22之间的电连接提供贯穿整个衬底32的电气连续性，允许该衬底用作护套，以防止被该衬底围绕的导体受到或发出无线电频率或电磁干扰。然而，为了使这种护套起作用，其必须接地。为此，一个或多个在该经纱方向延伸的加蔽线38与该第二纤维部件16交织。该加蔽线38的末端40可以与地连接，或者该加蔽线可在其两端之间切断，由切断所产生的新的末端也可以与地连接，以将整个衬底有效接地。
如图4所示的示例性的衬底31，类似于图1中的衬底10，但是该第二纤维部件16偏为圆周形状。结果是，该衬底13形成一个管状物或护套，以成为一个护罩用于包围细长的导体。
在另一个衬底的实施例42中，如30图3所示的，一个反射层44贴在该衬底上，从而形成一个辐射反射材料。反射层44可包括，例如，直接与该细长的带22和该纤维部件12和16直接粘合的铝或金箔。或者，该反射层可包括一个柔性膜，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate)，使用真空沉积或溅射装置，以及热等离子喷涂技术在其上镀一层薄金属层，例如，铜，银或金。
图5说明一个衬底50的实施例，其包含无纺成分并且通过经编形成。衬底50由相互间隔排列的纵向经编线圈行列52的区域形成。该无纺细长的带54在该线圈行列52区域之间在经线方向56插入。两个纤维纬线插入物设在该衬底50的相对侧并且用来捕获该细长的带，该纬线插入物固定在该经编线圈行列52内。该纤维纬线插入物58和60中的一个或两个可以是聚合体单纤维，如，聚酯，聚丙烯或尼龙，如果需要形成保护套，其可偏成圆周形状以该衬底适合管状形状，具有沿经线方向的纵向轴线。
图6用图表说明衬底62编织式样的例子。使用单一经编针法形成所示经编线圈行列64，该纬线成分66插入其中。图7-9用图表说明可以使用的各种类型的经编针法的例子，包括闭口钩编针法68(closed tricot stitch)(图7)，开口钩编针法70(open tricot stitch)(图8)和开口柱形针法72(open pilarstitch)(图9)。由Rache1编织形成的网型结构也是适合的，特别是对于中央线圈行列64a(同时参见图5)。
可结合额外的纬线插入物纤维74，以提供除前面描述的衬底捕获之外的特征。在图6的例子中，额外的经线插入物成分74被限制在该编织线圈行列64，并且由高粘度，热熔纱组成。这种纱销售时使用的商品名是“GRILONfusible bonding yarn”(格里隆可容粘合纱)，瑞士的EMS-Griltech提供这种纱。经线插入物成分74可用于替代粘合剂层以将该衬底62与其它衬底粘合，如依所需为反射箔，膜或纺织品。当在衬底62上覆盖匹配的衬底时，在其上施加热和压力，例如使用加热的轧辊，就可以形成叠板而不需要单独的粘合剂层。
具有高粘度沙74特征的衬底的进一步的例子如图10-13所示。在这些例子中，纱74并不限制在线圈行列的孤立区域内，而是横跨该衬底的整个宽度。在图10中，衬底76用带有纬线插入纱74的闭合柱形针法形成。图11说明具有开口柱形针法的衬底78。图12和13分别说明的衬底80和82，由带有纬线插入物纱74的闭合和开口钩编针法形成。
包括与无纺细长带共同纺织或编织为粗糙网状物的纤维部件的衬底提供具有高通用性的有效的结构。由于该无纺带出色的能量吸收特性，该衬底可使振动衰减，该衬底可作为支撑反射层的隔热罩，或者该衬底可通过使用导电镀层或材料而抵抗无线电频率和电磁干扰。根据本发明的衬底，由于充分使用无纺材料(non-woven material)替代纤维部件，而无纺材料比该纤维部件价格低，其制造成本低。该衬底进一步表现出的通用性可以平面结构用作衬套，或者可容易地偏成闭合的管状结构而提供保护套以容纳和保护细长物品。
显然，按照上述教导，可以对本发明进行许多修改和变化。因而，可以理解的是，在所附权利要求的范围内，本发明可以不同于具体描述的方式实现。

Claims (19)

1.一个衬底，包括：
多个朝向一个第一方向且相互间隔布置的第一纤维部件；
多个朝向一个第二方向且相互间隔布置第二纤维部件，所述第二方向横穿所述第一方向，第二纤维部件与所述多个第一纤维部件交织从而形成具有多个间隙的开放的网状物；以及
多个朝向所述第一方向的无纺材料的细长的带，每个所述无纺带位于两个所述多个第一纤维部件之间以及两个所述多个第二纤维部件之间。
2.根据权利要求1的衬底，其中，至少两个所述第一纤维部件位于所述多个细长带中的两个之间。
3.根据权利要求1的衬底，其中，每个所述多个第二部件包括多个单纤维。
4.根据权利要求1的衬底，其中，所述多个第二纤维部件偏为圆周形状，这样该衬底形成一个管。
5.根据权利要求1的衬底，其中，形成所述多个细长的带的材料从由聚酯，聚丙烯，尼龙，尼龙毡，玻璃纤维，合成橡胶和泡沫塑料组成的组中选择。
6.根据权利要求1的衬底，进一步包括：镀在所述多个细长的带上的导电材料。
7.根据权利要求7的衬底，其中，所述导电材料进一步定义为碳，铝，银和金中的至少一个。
8.根据权利要求7的衬底，其中，所述多个第二纤维部件进一步定义为导电体。
9.根据权利要求1的衬底，进一步包括：
一个加蔽线，平行于所述多个细长的带并且与所述多个第二纤维部件交织。
10.根据权利要求1的衬底，进一步包括：
一个反射层，在所述多个第一纤维部件和所述多个第二纤维部件以及所述多个细长的带上面。
11.根据权利要求1的衬底，其中，每个所述多个第一纤维部件是经编线圈行列。
12.根据权利要求1的衬底，进一步包括：
朝向该第二方向并且与至少一个所述多个第一纤维部件交织的插入物成分。
13.根据权利要求12的衬底，其中，所述插入物成分进一步设为与少于全部的所述多个第一纤维部件交织。
14.根据权利要求12的衬底，其中，所述插入物成分进一步设为与全部所述第一纤维部件交织。
15.根据权利要求12的衬底，其中，所述插入物成分进一步设为热熔纱。
16.根据权利要求15的衬底，进一步包括：粘在所述热熔纱上的反射箔。
17.一种方法，用于形成一个衬底，包括如下步骤：
首先，使多个第一纤维部件朝向第一方向，并且以相互间隔的关系布置；
第二，使多个第二纤维部件朝向第二方向，且横向于该第一方向，以相互间隔的关系布置，并且与该第一纤维部件交织从而形成具有多个间隙的开放的网状物；以及
第三，使多个无纺材料的细长的带朝向该第一方向，每个该无纺的带位于两个该第一纤维部件之间和两个该第二纤维部件之间。
18.根据权利要求18的方法，其中，所述第二定向步骤进一步定义为：将该多个第一纤维部件和该多个第二纤维部件互相纺织。
19.根据权利要求18的方法，其中，所述第二定向步骤进一步定义为将该多个第一纤维部件和该多个第二纤维部件互相经编。
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CN102787451A (zh) * 2012-07-30 2012-11-21 杭州尚漫特家纺有限公司 复合弹性纺织面料制造工艺及其制造设备
CN102787451B (zh) * 2012-07-30 2015-05-13 杭州飞利弘羽绒寝具有限公司 复合弹性纺织面料制造工艺及其制造设备
CN104995351A (zh) * 2012-12-13 2015-10-21 十凯特荷兰有限公司 阻尼层以及制造方法
CN107820524A (zh) * 2015-04-17 2018-03-20 费德罗-莫格尔动力系有限责任公司 Emi防护套筒及其构建方法
CN107820524B (zh) * 2015-04-17 2021-07-13 费德罗-莫格尔动力系有限责任公司 Emi防护套筒及其构建方法

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WO2006102579A2 (en) 2006-09-28
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CN101146962B (zh) 2010-05-26
JP2008537641A (ja) 2008-09-18
JP4704459B2 (ja) 2011-06-15
WO2006102579A3 (en) 2007-10-25

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