CN101142895A

CN101142895A - Method for selecting and breeding paris yunnanensis franch cultivated species

Info

Publication number: CN101142895A
Application number: CNA2007100662986A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈翠; 袁理春; 杨丽云; 吕丽芬; 康平德; 徐中志
Original assignee: INSTITUTE OF ALPINE ECONOMIC PLANT IN YUNNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: INSTITUTE OF ALPINE ECONOMIC PLANT IN YUNNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2007-10-18
Filing date: 2007-10-18
Publication date: 2008-03-19

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation and breeding method for the Manyleaf Paris Rhizome, which is to select a seed material with a favorable economic character in 20 shares of the seed sources of the Manyleaf Paris Rhizome from different geographic locations firstly; then to perform three times mixing and selection for the primarily-selected seed-source materials to select a cultivation seed having a stable economic character. The growth speed of the cultivation seed is rather fast and the asexual propagation coefficient is high with the yield three to ten times of the ordinary materials per Mu, which is suitable for large-area plantation at a height of 1000 to 3000 meters above sea level.

Description

A kind of selection of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivated species

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of selection of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivated species.

Background technology

Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis (Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis (Fr.) Hand.-Muzz) for this plant of the many swards of Liliaceae Paris, mainly is distributed in ground such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan.Paris has 24 kinds, and major part can be medicinal, but the medicinal kind of certified products of income NF has only Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis and magnificent Paris polyphylla.Because the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis wild resource can not satisfy the demand in market far away, artificial planting becomes the inevitable choice that solves the Paris polyphylla scarcity of resources.

In recent years, many places of province such as Yunnan, Sichuan had all begun the introducing a fine variety of Paris polyphylla, domesticating and cultivating.But the artificial cultivation of various places Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis is just in the elementary domesticating and cultivating stage, take little rhizome of wild Paris polyphylla or rhizome segment and do propagating materials, because the wild germplasm source is chaotic, germplasm mixes, the a plurality of Paris polyphylla of some places are planted the domestication plantation that mixes naturally, the propagating materials confusion, the germplasm confusion common has leafy Paris polyphylla, Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, gross weight building, spends Paris polyphylla in vain, black seed Paris polyphylla, Paris polyphylla etc.With a kind of also be that the source mixes, the performance good and the bad in Different Provenances field mixes, and is difficult to management, seriously restricts the raising of the output and the quality of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention solves present Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivar origin confusion, germplasm mixes, medicinal material output and quality can not guaranteed problems, a kind of selection of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivated species is provided, utilize the different Genetic Diversity of Geographical Provenance of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, the elite germplasm that the selection indicators proterties is good, cultivate into the stable cultivated species of genotype and phenotype, make Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, meet the needs of production being significantly improved aspect quality, output, the disease resistance.

The present invention is achieved in that and utilizes 20 parts of different geographical provenance materials of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, by the better germplasm materials of preliminary preferred traits, further mixes by 3 times and selects, and screens, cultivates the stable cultivated species of proterties.This cultivated species growth rate is very fast, the vegetative propagation coefficient height, per mu yield be general material 3-10 doubly, be applicable to height above sea level establishing in large scale more than 1000 meters.

Embodiment

The selection that No. 1, the cloud Paris polyphylla:

1, advantage provenance screening

From the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis material of 20 parts of different geographical provenances, just select 1 economic characters and plant source material preferably; Screening criteria mainly is to investigate phenophase, rhizome year increment and asexual multiplication ability.

(1) phenophase: about mid-April in seeding stage, fall seedling in late November, about 240 days breeding times.The florescence 4-6 month, the fruit phase 5-10 month.

(2) rhizome year increment: root-like stock is sturdy, the fibrous root prosperity, and the rhizome year increment is 5-25g, is 1-5 times of other provenance.

(3) asexual multiplication ability: growth more than 5 years the plant vegetative propagation coefficient quite high, produce indefinite bud naturally, form many plant intergrowth, year increasing sprouting can have 2-15 piece, is other provenance 3-10 times.Remarkable with other provenance difference.

2. cultivated species seed selection

Adopt 3 times hybrid selection, distinguish that by plant type, blade shape and length and width, flower wide objective trait selects good strains in the field for seed from the advantage provenance of having selected: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the plant type compactness, plant height 40-70cm, the long 12-18cm of blade, the wide 4-7cm of blade, leaf morphology is the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, and flower is distinguished wide 0.1-0.2cm.Select consistent good healthy and strong individual plant 1000 strains of performance, selected individual plant is being selected garden mixed planting, observing the mensuration objective trait, and will not meet the plant roguing of character requirement in later 2 years, select good strains in the field for seed through 3 mixing, it is good and meet the plant of breeding goal to select the comprehensive proterties of agronomy; After 2-3 cultivated and selects continuously, up to the stable appearance of proterties, uniformity reached 90%.Set up the original seed farm expanding propagation then, pattern is carried out regional test and production test routinely.

Determine that at last proterties is: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the plant type compactness, plant height 40-70cm, the number of blade is more, the 8-12 leaf is generally arranged, the long 12-18cm of blade, the wide 4-7cm of blade, leaf morphology is the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, flower is distinguished wide 0.1-0.2cm, rhizome is sturdy, and is flat slightly, along with the increase root-like stock enlarged-diameter degree of the time limit is obvious.Underground rhizome year, increment was higher, and living segment seedling plant height can reach 30-50cm in 4 years, and root 10-25 bar is generally arranged, rhizome is long to be 4-6cm, the wide 2-4cm of rhizome, fresh weight 30-40g, the artificial planting 3-5 that the root-like stock gain in weight on average can reach original weight after 3 years doubly reaches as high as 8-10 doubly.Growth rate is 2-5 a times of other contrast provenance.Vegetative propagation coefficient 1: 2-15 is other provenance 3-10 times.Saponin content reaches standards of pharmacopoeia.

Claims

1. a Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis cultivated species selection comprises screening of advantage provenance and cultivated species seed selection, it is characterized in that:

(1) advantage provenance screening

From the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis material of 20 parts of different geographical provenances, just select 1 economic characters and plant source material preferably; Screening criteria mainly is to investigate phenophase, rhizome year increment and asexual multiplication ability;

1. phenophase: about mid-April in seeding stage, fall seedling stage in late November, about 240 days breeding times; The florescence 4-6 month, the fruit phase 5-10 month;

2. rhizome year increment: root-like stock is sturdy, the fibrous root prosperity, the rhizome year increment is 5-25g, be other provenance 1-5 doubly;

3. asexual multiplication ability: growth more than 5 years the plant vegetative propagation coefficient quite high, produce indefinite bud naturally, form many plant intergrowth, year increasing sprouting can have 2-15 piece, is other provenance 3-10 times.Remarkable with other provenance difference;

(2) seed selection of cultivated species

Adopt 3 times hybrid selection, distinguish that by plant type, blade shape and length and width, flower wide objective trait selects good strains in the field for seed from the advantage provenance of having selected: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the plant type compactness, plant height 40-70cm, the long 12-18cm of blade, the wide 4-7cm of blade, leaf morphology is the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, and flower is distinguished wide 0.1-0.2cm; Select the consistent good healthy and strong individual plant 500-1000 strain of performance, selected individual plant is being selected garden mixed planting, observing the mensuration objective trait, and will not meet the plant roguing of character requirement in later 2 years, select good strains in the field for seed through 3 mixing, it is good and meet the plant of breeding goal to select the comprehensive proterties of agronomy; After 2-3 cultivated and selects continuously, up to the stable appearance of proterties, uniformity reached 90%; Set up the original seed farm expanding propagation then, pattern is carried out regional test and production test routinely;

Determine that at last proterties is: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the plant type compactness, plant height 40-70cm, the number of blade is more, the 8-12 leaf is generally arranged, the long 12-18cm of blade, the wide 4-7cm of blade, leaf morphology is the shape of falling ovum Long Circle, flower is distinguished wide 0.1-0.2cm, rhizome is sturdy, and is flat slightly, along with the increase root-like stock enlarged-diameter degree of the time limit is obvious; Underground rhizome year, increment was higher, and living segment seedling plant height can reach 30-50cm in 4 years, and root 10-25 bar is generally arranged, rhizome is long to be 4-6cm, the wide 2-4cm of rhizome, fresh weight 30-40g, the artificial planting 3-5 that the root-like stock gain in weight on average can reach original weight after 3 years doubly reaches as high as 8-10 doubly; Growth rate is 2-5 a times of other contrast provenance; Vegetative propagation coefficient 1: 2-15 is other provenance 3-10 times; Saponin content reaches standards of pharmacopoeia.