CN101137866B - 在塑性外壳中的led照明装置 - Google Patents

在塑性外壳中的led照明装置 Download PDF

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CN101137866B
CN101137866B CN2006800075938A CN200680007593A CN101137866B CN 101137866 B CN101137866 B CN 101137866B CN 2006800075938 A CN2006800075938 A CN 2006800075938A CN 200680007593 A CN200680007593 A CN 200680007593A CN 101137866 B CN101137866 B CN 101137866B
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格兰特·哈罗德·阿莫尔
卡尔·丹尼斯·阿莫尔
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F21V29/76Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
    • F21V29/767Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section the planes containing the fins or blades having directions perpendicular to the light emitting axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B45/00Arrangements or adaptations of signalling or lighting devices
    • B63B45/02Arrangements or adaptations of signalling or lighting devices the devices being intended to illuminate the way ahead or other areas of environments
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V15/00Protecting lighting devices from damage
    • F21V15/01Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V31/00Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
    • F21V31/005Sealing arrangements therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/48Means for searching for underwater objects
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/20Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for water vehicles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/02Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
    • F21W2111/023Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like for pedestrian walkways
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/401Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for swimming pools
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]

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Abstract

一种照明装置(2)包括:塑性材料的外壳(4),该外壳(4)限定了半透明窗(12);和在印刷电路板(34)上的发光二极管组件(3)。所述装置(2)可以通过法兰(10)和螺母(16)而连接到船的船体(14)上。所述装置(2)可以包括由实心铝棒加工而成的散热装置(36)。所述外壳(4)可以连接到密封帽(6)。所述外壳(4)优选地使用诸如聚碳酸酯的热塑性材料注射塑模而成。电线可以延伸通过散热装置(36)的中心孔(42)和密封帽(6)。

Description

在塑性外壳中的LED照明装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种照明装置和一种形成该照明装置的一部分的灯具。对于装配在无遮蔽环境下的照明结构,例如在潮湿或水下环境中或在诸如人行道的交通繁忙区域中装配的照明结构,本发明具有特定的实用性,但不必专门用于上述环境。
背景技术
许多船具有装配在其船体上的水下灯。这些灯在使用时通常位于水平面以下,而且,所述灯在其灯罩发生故障的情况下必须从水中取出以更换灯罩。因此,灯罩经常直到船被升出水面才可以更换,这使得费用较高,因而很少发生。
存在水下和以其他方式安装的灯,其具有可就地去除的可消耗的组分。不过,这种灯通常具有暴露窗密封结构,其易于腐蚀和渗漏。
此外,目前使用的水下灯使用水来保持灯冷却。这一点是必需的,因为如果没有水的冷却效果,则这种灯的密封结构的密封可能会由于灯的热量而破坏。其结果是,当在船上使用时,有必要在船进行设计(plan)时将灯关闭,这是因为,所述灯一直升出水面。
例如,许多水下或以其他方式安装的灯,具有青铜或不锈钢材料的金属外壳,其装配有玻璃窗组件。典型地,该玻璃窗组件包括窗保持器、玻璃窗和安装在两者之间用于防止水进入金属外壳的密封装置。窗组件的结构相对较复杂而且当密封磨损时可能会渗漏。此外,由于外壳导电,因而可能会引起其自身的电化学腐蚀,或者当安装板或壁也由金属制成时可能会引起安装板或壁的电化学腐蚀。
应意识到的是,玻璃由于其固有的易碎性,因而当受到撞击时可能会被破坏,至少是破裂。因此,目前使用的安装在公共区域的灯经常被故意破坏者破坏或由于环境状况而被破坏。
本发明的目的在于提供一种照明装置以解决上述的一个或多个问题。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面,提供一种照明装置,其包括:
热塑性材料的外壳,该外壳限定了半透明窗和从该窗延伸的圆柱筒;
位于该外壳内并透过该半透明窗发光的发光二极管(LED)组件,该LED组件包括位于所述筒内的散热装置,该散热装置和所述筒被设置为使得该散热装置与所述筒的内表面接触以便于从该散热装置进行热发散;
用于封闭所述外壳的帽,其特征在于,所述外壳为一体式结构,所述帽与所述外壳啮合并便于从所述外壳上快速移除,所述帽使所述LED组件保持紧压,并且所述帽限定一孔,所述孔以水密性的方式容纳一电连接器,从而为所述LED组件供电。
因此,本发明的目的在于,提供一种照明装置,以解决在“背景技术”中提出的一个或多个问题。
由于所述窗可与所述筒集成,因此不需要为外壳提供密封结构。
所述外壳可由聚碳酸酯材料制成。申请人发现,聚碳酸酯由于其具有高强度、特别是高的冲击强度而特别适合。
所述圆柱筒可限定外螺纹。所述外壳可在所述筒的一端处限定法兰头。所述法兰头可限定所述半透明窗。所述外壳可以通过注射塑模而成。所述照明装置可以进一步包括与所述螺纹啮合的安装螺母,从而使壁能够压紧在所述头与所述螺母之间而将外壳安装在壁上。
所述密封帽可以包括可与被限定在所述筒内的一对槽啮合的一对柱体,从而形成销锁装配件。所述密封帽也可以由聚碳酸酯材料制成。所述密封帽可限定沿圆周的外部凹部,可在所述凹部中装配O型环。所述密封帽也可以限定在其中可安装电连接器的孔。
所述LED组件可以包括:
至少一个LED;和
与所述至少一个LED电连接的印刷电路板(PCB);
所述散热装置位于所述PCB的邻近处并热连接到所述至少一个LED。
所述LED组件可以进一步包括限定了至少一个空腔的防护装置,每个空腔用于承接相应的LED。
所述散热装置可由实心铝棒加工而成并可经过阳极电镀。所述散热装置可以限定电线可穿过的中心孔。
所述LED组件可以进一步包括为所述至少一个LED供电的降压式变压器。
所述窗可以包括用于将从所述至少一个LED发出的光聚焦的透镜。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供一种照明装置,其包括:
塑性材料的外壳,该外壳限定了半透明窗和从该窗延伸的圆柱筒;和位于所述外壳内并透过所述半透明窗发光的发光二极管(LED)组件,该LED组件包括位于所述筒内的细长的散热装置,该散热装置和所述筒被设置为使得该散热装置与所述筒的内表面接触以便于从该散热装置进行热发散,所述塑性材料选择为具有足以传导所述LED组件的散热装置的热量的传热系数。
附图说明
本发明优选的特征、实施例和变化可从以下的“具体实施方式”中获悉,其中为本领域技术人员实施本发明提供了足够的信息。“具体实施方式”不能被认为以任何方式限制前述的“发明内容”的范围。“具体实施方式”将参考以下多个附图:
图1为根据本发明的第一实施例的照明装置的俯视立体图。
图2为图1中照明装置的仰视立体图。
图3为图1中照明装置的部分切除的俯视立体图。
图4为图1中照明装置的侧视截面图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的第一实施例,提供一种如图1和图2中所示的照明装置2。照明装置2包括具有法兰头10的热塑性外壳4,和从法兰头10延伸的圆柱筒8。法兰头10限定半透明窗12,在使用中,发光二极管(LED)组件3位于热塑性外壳4之中,从而透过半透明窗发光。照明装置2包括密封帽6,用于将LED组件3密封在热塑性外壳之内,从而在使用中将LED组件3与外界环境隔离,例如与水隔离。外壳和密封帽均由热塑性材料注射塑模而成。在本发明的这一实例中,热塑性材料为聚碳酸酯。已知的是,聚碳酸酯可以抗腐蚀且不导电。以下将详细描述照明装置2。
这样,应意识到,外壳4为一体式整体结构。如将在以下所述的,这会导致其结构不像目前使用的照明装置要求的那样需要单独的密封装置用于窗或透镜。
在以下的描述中将参考船体。不过,应意识到,照明装置2可以安装到存在不利条件的任何壁或构件上。使用船体作为安装区域只不过是举例说明这一特定的实例。
外壳4的圆柱筒8限定了外螺纹9,外螺纹可以在将照明装置2安装在船的船体14时与安装螺母16啮合。船体14限定了筒8可穿过的孔。螺母16与筒8啮合以使船体14被压紧在头10与螺母16之间。典型地,在船体14与螺母16之间设置有安装垫圈18。典型地,在头10的下侧和船体14的外侧提供航海级的密封件来防止水侵入船体14。
转到图2,销锁装配件20用于将密封帽6与外壳4啮合。销锁装配件20包括从密封帽延伸出的一对相对的柱体22,和在筒8的尾端限定的一对相对的弯槽24,每个弯槽用于容纳相应的柱体22。密封帽6进一步限定了一对翼26,以便于手动将密封帽6与外壳4啮合和脱离啮合。密封帽6还限定了可以在其中安装电连接器28的孔。
转到图3和图4,所述密封帽6限定了凹部,可在所述凹部中装配橡胶O型环来阻止水进入照明装置2中。以这种方式,位于外壳2中的所述LED组件3保持干燥。
LED组件3包括电连接到印刷电路板(PCB)34的一对发光二极管(LED)32。铝散热装置36位于PCB 34的邻近处并且与LED 32热连接。散热装置36由实心铝棒加工而成,并可以被阳极电镀或电解涂覆以保护性氧化物。散热装置36限定了多个散热片29,每个散热片接触筒8的内表面。在使用中,LED 32产生的热量被热传送到散热装置36,并进而被热传送到热塑性外壳4,最后发散到周围的空气、船体14和水中。
因此,所述热塑性材料应选择便于散热装置36热发散的材料。申请人发现聚碳酸酯很适合于这种热发散功能。
LED组件3进一步包括限定了一对空腔的防护装置38或保持器,每个空腔用于承接相应的LED 32。典型地,防护装置38固定到PCB 34。密封帽6的尺寸被设置为使得LED组件被保持压紧在法兰头10与密封帽6之间。密封帽6进一步限定了其中放置有降压式变压器(buck transformer)40的腔。如图4所示,降压式变压器40安装到并电连接到电连接器28。电线(未示出)可在降压式变压器40与PCB 34之间相互连接从而为LED 32供电,并可沿着由散热装置36限定的中心孔42延伸。典型地,降压式变压器40向LED 32提供5-32伏之间的电压,并可设置为能够根据特定应用为LED 32提供电压和电流。
所述电连接器28包括放大底座,丝杠44从该底座伸出。丝杠44延伸穿过由密封帽6限定的孔,并与安装螺母46啮合。O型环48可环绕丝杠44并被压紧在放大底座与密封帽6之间,以阻止水进入照明装置2。位于密封帽6与外壳4之间的和位于帽6和连接器28之间的水密性密封件均依照IP68规格。
有利的是,当发生故障更换LED时,使用者可将帽6从外壳4上快速移除,而不需要将船体14升出水面。
本领域技术人员应意识到,在不超出本发明的范围的情况下,可以实现多种实施例和变例。
优选实施例为针对装配到船的船体14的水下照明装置2。该照明装置也适合于其他应用,例如在人行道或游泳池壁中的嵌入式照明。另一种适合于本照明装置的应用为用于装饰或安全的仰灯(up light)。
聚碳酸酯具有较高的冲击强度。其结果是,所述照明装置适于如下应用,其中的灯经常被故意破坏者破坏或由于环境而被破坏。在这种应用中,外壳的开口可设计在安全区域,而半透明窗显露于所述故意破坏者或所述环境。
当本发明的照明装置在船上使用时,申请人发现,LED 32和一体式外壳4的结合使得照明装置可以在水外使用。因此,例如在船进行设计时,不需要将照明装置2关闭。申请人发现,LED的相对较低的温度和使用一体式的外壳消除了由于灯产生的热量而导致密封件破坏并进而产生渗漏的任何可能性。
此外,由于所述照明装置可以在使用时不需要冷却,因此,申请人可以实现在水外的环境中使用高亮度的光源而不破坏外壳4,如前所述。
根据相关法规,本发明的语言描述或多或少特定于结构或方法的特征。应理解的是,由于这里描述的方式包含了实施本发明的优选形式,因此,本发明并不局限于显示的或描述的特定的特征。因此,在本领域技术人员正确理解的所附各权利要求的正确范围内的任何形式的修改,仍处于本发明要求保护的范围内。

Claims (17)

1.一种照明装置,其包括:
热塑性材料的外壳,该外壳限定了半透明窗和从该半透明窗延伸的圆柱筒;
位于所述外壳内并透过所述半透明窗发光的发光二极管组件,该发光二极管组件包括位于所述圆柱筒内的散热装置,该散热装置和所述圆柱筒被设置为使得该散热装置与所述圆柱筒的内表面接触以便于从该散热装置进行热发散;和
封闭所述外壳的帽,所述外壳为一体式结构,该帽与所述外壳啮合并便于从所述外壳上快速移除,所述帽使所述发光二极管组件保持紧压,并且所述帽限定一孔,所述孔以水密性的方式容纳一电连接器,从而为所述发光二极管组件供电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述外壳由聚碳酸酯材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述散热装置限定了与所述圆柱筒的内表面接触的多个散热片。
4.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述圆柱筒限定了外螺纹。
5.根据权利要求4所述的照明装置,其中所述外壳限定了在所述圆柱筒的端部的法兰头。
6.根据权利要求5所述的照明装置,其中所述法兰头限定了所述半透明窗。
7.根据权利要求5所述的照明装置,进一步包括:与所述螺纹啮合的安装螺母,从而可在所述法兰头和所述螺母之间压紧一壁,以将所述外壳安装在所述壁上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述外壳通过注射塑模而成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述帽包括可与被限定在所述外壳内的一对槽啮合的一对柱体,从而形成销锁装配件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的照明装置,其中所述帽由聚碳酸酯材料制成。
11.根据权利要求9所述的照明装置,其中所述帽限定了沿圆周的外部凹部,可以在该凹部中装配O型环。
12.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述发光二极管组件包括
至少一个发光二极管;和
电连接到所述至少一个发光二极管的印刷电路板;
所述散热装置位于所述印刷电路板的邻近处并热连接到所述至少一个发光二极管。
13.根据权利要求12所述的照明装置,其中所述发光二极管组件进一步包括限定了至少一个空腔的防护装置,每个所述空腔用于容纳相应的发光二极管。
14.根据权利要求12所述的照明装置,其中所述散热装置由实心铝棒加工而成并经过阳极电镀。
15.根据权利要求12所述的照明装置,其中所述散热装置限定了电线可以延伸穿过的中心孔。
16.根据权利要求13所述的照明装置,其中所述发光二极管组件进一步包括向所述至少一个发光二极管供电的降压式变压器。
17.根据权利要求1所述的照明装置,其中所述半透明窗包括使从所述至少一个发光二极管发出的光聚焦的透镜。
CN2006800075938A 2005-03-08 2006-03-08 在塑性外壳中的led照明装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101137866B (zh)

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US7722216B2 (en) 2010-05-25
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ATE439548T1 (de) 2009-08-15
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EP1861652A1 (en) 2007-12-05
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