CN101084284A - 包括外观部件和结构部件的机动车开启面板 - Google Patents

包括外观部件和结构部件的机动车开启面板 Download PDF

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CN101084284A
CN101084284A CNA2005800425706A CN200580042570A CN101084284A CN 101084284 A CN101084284 A CN 101084284A CN A2005800425706 A CNA2005800425706 A CN A2005800425706A CN 200580042570 A CN200580042570 A CN 200580042570A CN 101084284 A CN101084284 A CN 101084284A
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openable panel
tackiness agent
crust
structure unit
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F·维雷李兹尔
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Plastic Omnium SE
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的开启面板(10)，该部件包括由聚烯烃外皮(12)构成的外观部件和具有比外皮膨胀系数小的结构部件(14)，该两部件由位于两个部件之一面对另一个部件表面的表面上的粘合剂凸边联合。粘合剂表现为：断裂伸长率在20～800％之间；完全的弹性延伸超过其断裂伸长率的几分之一；并且杨氏模量在0.5MPa～3000MPa之间。在粘合后，粘合剂凸边标准厚度在0.8～3mm之间。

Description

包括外观部件和结构部件的机动车开启面板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车开启面板，由塑料材料制成并且通过将外观部件和结构部件组装在一起而构成。
背景技术
开启面板，特别是后挡板，众所周知地由中间金属框、外面板或聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PCPBT)塑料材料(以供应商GeneralElectric Plastics旗下的Xenoy商标售卖)外皮以及形成盒子形式的结构部件的如热固性预制整体模塑料(BMC)的内面板组装构成，两个面板被至多1mm厚的粘合剂凸边联合在一起。
现有技术的问题
两种塑料材料面板具有相差迥异的热膨胀线性系数(LCTE)(外皮的系数比结构部件的系数大4～10倍)，因此特别是开启面板的温度升高时、更特别地在暴露于日光和加热的测试期间导致粘合剂凸边上有很大的张力。接着粘合剂凸边的变形不能足以缓冲热膨胀产生的几何偏移，因此在最软的部件上形成记号，即在具有较小杨氏模量的部件上形成记号。相反地，粘合剂凸边的弹性，也称为残余，不足以使得其在冷却后回复其初始形状，因此由冷却期间导致的膨胀回复破坏两个面板的组件的外形。因此观察到与最软部件即外皮的粘合剂凸边垂直的标记。
本发明旨在提供一种开启面板，包括被粘合接合的聚烯烃外层面板和结构面板，但是粘合剂并不导致外层面板上出现明显的缺陷。
本发明的解决方案
本发明提供了一种开启面板，包括由聚烯烃外皮构成的外观部件，和具有比外皮膨胀系数小的结构部件，该两部件通过位于两个部件之一的面对另一个部件表面的表面上的粘合剂凸边接合在一起，该粘合剂具有：
-断裂伸长率在20～800％之间；
-在从伸长到断裂的一部分上的纯弹性延伸；并且
-杨氏模量在0.5兆帕斯卡(MPa)～300MPa之间；
并且粘合剂凸边在粘合后，标准厚度在0.8～3mm之间。
因为不同特性的粘合剂的组合，可能将聚烯烃面板与更坚硬材料制成的面板粘合，而粘合的聚烯烃的膨胀不会导致其表面产生痕迹。
结构部件优选由复合材料制成，包括树脂和添加剂。材料可以是热固性的，特别是特别适于汽车运输领域的聚酯、预制整体模塑料(BMC)或片状模塑料(SMC)。结构部件也可由加强热塑材料，特别是加有玻璃纤维的聚丙烯(PPGFL)构成。在这样的情形下，优选热塑性部件也通过薄钢板插入件属被加强。
聚烯烃外皮优选由聚丙烯或聚乙烯制成。它通常包含重量比10～50％，优选20～40％重量比的滑石。
本发明的开启面板还包括一个或多个下述特性：
-到断裂的至少50％的粘合剂纯弹性延伸。
-粘合剂凸边的标准宽度小于25mm。
-聚烯烃的膨胀系数在20×10-6～60×-6mm/mm/k之间，优选在30×10-6～45×-6mm/mm/k之间。
-聚烯烃不含有任何抗UV的添加剂。实际上，令人惊奇的是，如果把这些添加剂从聚烯烃的组分中剔除的话，粘合剂的粘性得到显著改善。
-聚烯烃包含10～50％重量比的弹性体填充物，例如乙烯-丙烯-二烯(烃)单体(EPDM)类型。
-聚烯烃的杨氏模量在1000MPa～2500MPa之间，优选大于1500MPa。
-结构部件的杨氏模量与外皮的杨氏模量的比值在3～15之间，这意味着结构部件比外皮更坚硬。
-外皮的膨胀系数在结构部件的膨胀系数的1.5倍以上。因此，即使外皮的膨胀与结构部件极度相关，本发明的粘合剂凸边的使用也不会导致热压后在外皮上形成外部痕迹。
-粘合剂的杨氏模量在0.5MPa～10MPa之间。
-在粘合之后粘合剂凸边的标准厚度为1.5-2mm。
-粘合后粘合剂凸边的标准宽度小于12mm。
-与粘合剂凸边垂直的聚烯烃外皮的标准厚度在1.5～4mm之间。
-结构部件包括固定于其上或嵌入其中的加强件。
本发明特别地涉及一种后开启面板，特别是后挡板或行李箱门。
优选实施方式
本发明仅通过下述的实施例并参照唯一的示出本发明的开启面板的分解图可得到更好理解。
本发明的机动车后挡板10由聚烯烃的外皮12和结构部件14组成，它们由粘合剂凸边接合。
结构部件14包括厚度约3mm的玻璃纤维填充的聚丙烯(PP/GF)的面板16，其中添加的玻璃纤维织品(未示出)是以Twintex商标售卖的，还包括薄钢板插入物18作为加强件。插入物18由压延钢制成并且成形为围绕面板16。它以常规方式如螺钉坚固方式被固定于模压部件(未示出)。可选地，插入物18可被模制在面板16上。它还可以作为铰接支撑。添加织品的PP/GF具有10,000MPa的杨氏模量，并且膨胀系数为3.20×10-5mm/mm/k。
外皮12由填充了重量比20～30％的滑石的聚丙烯制成，具有1800MPa的杨氏模量，膨胀系数为6×10-5mm/mm/k。它含有10～50％重量比的弹性体填充物例如EPDM类型，并且它不含有任何抗UV添加剂。外皮12的平均厚度约3.2mm。
面板16的膨胀系数比外皮12的小2倍。其杨氏模量比外皮12的杨氏模量大五倍以上。
在另一个实施例中，外皮12由商业基准DTF3800.00SU、来自DowPlastics公司的聚丙烯制成。
在另一个实施例中(未示出)，结构部件为由热固性材料即法国公司MCR以商标AMC 3600(适应模塑料)售卖的BMC制成的面板。结构部件可以没有加强件。AMC具有13,000MPa的杨氏模量和1.70×10-5mm/mm/k的膨胀系数。在这种情形下，结构部件的杨氏模量大于外皮的七倍以上，其膨胀系数比外皮的小3倍以上。
两个部件在面板12、16之一的外围以及后窗的外围通过置于部件之一面对另一部件表面的表面上的两个粘合剂凸边(未示出)而接合在一起。粘合剂的断裂伸长率为400％，到断裂的50％的纯弹性延伸，并且杨氏模量为5Mpa。
粘合剂凸边的标准厚度(粘合后)为2mm(范围在1～3mm之间)，并且标准宽度为10mm。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于机动车的开启面板(10)，包括由聚烯烃外皮(12)构成的外观部件和具有比外皮膨胀系数小的结构部件(14)，该两部件由位于两个部件之一的面对另一个部件表面的表面上的粘合剂凸边接合在一起，其特征在于，粘合剂具有：
-断裂伸长在20～800％之间；
-延伸到断裂的一部分上的纯弹性延伸；并且
-杨氏模量在0.5MPa～300MPa之间；
并且在粘合后，粘合剂凸边的标准厚度在0.8～3mm之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的开启面板，其中结构部件由热固性聚合物特别是BMC制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的开启面板，其中结构部件由加强的热塑聚合物制成，特别是由包括玻璃纤维薄片的玻璃纤维填充的聚丙烯制成。
4.如权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃为聚丙烯。
5.如权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃的膨胀系数在20×10-6～60×-6mm/mm/k之间，优选在30×10-6～45×10-6mm/mm/k之间。
6.如权利要求1～5中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃包含10～50％重量比的滑石，优选20～40％的滑石。
7.如权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃不含有任何抗UV添加剂。
8.如权利要求1～7中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃含有10～50％重量比的弹性体填充物如EPDM类型。
9.如权利要求1～8中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中聚烯烃的杨氏模量在1000MPa～2500MPa之间，优选大于1500MPa。
10.如权利要求1～9中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中结构部件与外皮的杨氏模量的比值在3～15之间。
11.如权利要求1～10中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中外皮的膨胀系数比结构部件的膨胀系数大1.5倍以上。
12.如权利要求1～11中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中粘合剂的杨氏模量在0.5Mpa～10Mpa之间。
13.如权利要求1～12中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中粘合后粘合剂凸边的标准厚度在1.5～2mm之间。
14.如权利要求1～13中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中粘合后粘合剂凸边的标准宽度小于25mm，优选小于12mm。
15.如权利要求1～14中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中与粘合剂凸边垂直的聚烯烃外皮的标准厚度为1.5～4mm之间。
16.如权利要求1～15中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中粘合剂具有延伸到断裂的至少50％的纯弹性延伸。
17.如权利要求1～16中任意一项所述的开启面板，其中结构部件包括固定的或在其上模制的加强件(18)。
18.一种根据权利要求1～15中任意一项所述的机动车后开启面板，特别是后挡板或行李箱门。
CNA2005800425706A 2004-10-15 2005-10-17 包括外观部件和结构部件的机动车开启面板 Pending CN101084284A (zh)

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FR0410974A FR2876621B1 (fr) 2004-10-15 2004-10-15 Assemblage de deux pieces d'aspect ayant chacune au moins une face visible, l'une en polyolefine, l'autre en un polymere thermodurcissable et ouvrant de vehicule automobile forme par un tel assemblage
FR0410974 2004-10-15

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EP1817388A1 (fr) 2007-08-15
US20060131926A1 (en) 2006-06-22

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