CN101074355B - 水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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Abstract
一种水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料及其制备方法，其组分按总重量的百分比为：硫铝酸盐水泥30～40；二氧化硅50～64.38；硅树脂1～2；乙烯乳胶3.0～5.0；超塑化剂1～2；氯化物0.5～1.0；保水剂0.1～0.2；有机醇0.02～0.03。其制备方法为：将二氧化硅倒入拌合机中不停地搅拌，在搅拌的过程中加入硫铝酸盐水泥，然后依次徐徐加入硅树脂、乙烯乳胶、超塑化剂、氯化物、保水剂，拌合3～5分钟后，喷入有机醇，喷完后再搅拌5～10min后，即得水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料。本发明属于深度结晶防水材料，具有抗渗、防腐、防冻、抗裂、抗碱、抗老化的性能，产品无毒无味，无放射性，对混凝土具有很好的保护作用，而且性价比优良，对人畜安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合物，特别涉及一种建筑防水用的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在建筑工程中，由于绝大多数构造物为混凝土或砂浆，属多孔易裂、易渗水漏水的建筑构造物，水对其具有严重的破坏作用，防水是至关重要的问题，传统防水措施是使用各类柔性防水卷材配以金属构件防水；其二是使用防水涂料；其三是使用防水剂；这些表层柔性防水措施，耐久性极差，3～5年就需重新制作防水层，而且污染严重，许多重要的防水工程不能使用。还有刚性内防水结构，其抗裂功能差，不能根治多孔结构的全部孔隙和对裂缝的愈合，且防水成本非常高，还不能达到防水目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种既能保证建筑物的防水性能，又能提高建筑防水耐久性的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是按如下的方式来实现的：
本发明所述水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其组分按总重量的百分比为：
硫铝酸盐水泥 30～40
二氧化硅 50～64.38
硅树脂 1～2
乙烯乳胶 3.0～5.0
超塑化剂 1～2
氯化物 0.5～1.0
保水剂 0.1～0.2
有机醇 0.02～0.03
按以上组分配制的防水材料为粉末型。
本发明所述水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其组分按总重量的百分比为：
硫铝酸盐水泥 30～40
自来水 50～55.38
硅树脂 1～2
乙烯乳胶 3～5
超塑化剂 10～12
氯化物 0.5～1.0
保水剂 0.1～0.2
有机醇 0.02～0.03
按以上组分配制的防水材料为乳液型。
所述的硫铝酸盐水泥为抗硫酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、硅酸盐水泥、矿渣水泥中的一种或其组合物，其细度目数大于800m2/kg的超细水泥粉末，其为水泥基的重要原料，他能使硅、铁、铝醇化合并渗透到混凝土孔隙中形成结晶体，起到致密防水抗渗防收缩抗裂纹作用。
所述二氧化硅为人工石英砂，粉末细度为100～200目；或为自然河砂，细度目数为0.9～1.6；含水率小于2.0％，含泥量小于0.5％。主要作用于水泥基起胶凝支架骨料及不吸水、不吸潮、抗收缩、耐酸碱、耐磨、耐老化、抗风化等作用。
所述硅树脂为高活性硅烷、硅氧烷、甲基硅醇钠，甲基硅酸钾、乙基硅酸钠中的一种或其组合物。主要作用是在与水泥基、氯化物作用后，生成络合物在混凝土孔隙中，形成防水结晶体，具有憎水、防水、自愈孔隙、堵塞孔道的作用。
所述乙烯乳胶为醋酸乙烯脂、乙烯共聚物二元胶、乙烯与氯乙烯及醋酸乙酯三元共聚胶，醋酸乙烯与乙烯及高级脂肪酸乙烯脂三元共聚胶，聚乙烯醇与改性树脂中的一种或其组合，其作用是粘结抗伸拉变形、抗裂、自愈孔隙洞缝，与无机高分子材料聚合后形成抗裂、堵孔、密实、憎水的防水层。
所述超塑化剂为聚羧酸盐、氨基磺酸盐、β-萘系磺酸盐中的一种或其组合，其作用是减水分散作用，改善和易性，提高匀质性。
所述氯化物为三氯化铁、氯化亚铁，三氯化铝，氯化钙中的一种或其组合，其主要作用是与硅酸盐、活性硅作用，生成氯铝酸盐、硅酸盐、硫铝酸盐、硅铝酸盐、铁铝酸盐等化学晶体，使混凝土高度致密，与高活性硅氧烷络合后的晶体物，可大大提高其自愈性能和抗再次压力渗透功能。
所述保水剂为羟乙基纤维素，羟乙级甲基纤维素，羟丙基纤维素中的一种或其组合，其作用是增稠增粘作用，增强防水材料与混凝土等防水基层的附着力和防水材料的保水性、匀质性，使其充分化合反应。
所述有机醇为三乙醇胺，二乙醇胺，三乙丙醇胺中的一种或其组合，其作用是与水泥水化，生成络合复盐，密实孔隙、提高强度和韧性，是防水的重要材料。
粉末型水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料的制备方法：
先将氯化物与二氧化硅混合碾磨成过200目筛混合粉料，倒入拌合器内加入硫铝酸盐水泥粉末搅3～5分钟，再加入乙烯乳胶乳粉、硅树脂粉、保水剂，继续搅拌5～10分钟后，喷入有机醇再拌和5～10分钟即得水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料(粉末型)。
乳液型水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料的制备方法：
在拌合机内加入自来水，在拌合的情况下加入氯化物，溶解后加入硅树脂硅烷，溶解后加入乙烯乳胶，溶解后加入保水剂，溶解后加入有机醇和超塑化剂聚羧酸盐，最后徐徐加入硫铝酸盐水泥，加完后继续拌合15min，即得乳液型水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料。
本发明的积极效果如下：所述的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料属于深度结晶防水材料，具有抗渗、防腐、防冻、抗裂、抗碱、抗老化的性能，产品无毒无味，无放射性，对混凝土具有很好的保护作用，而且性价比优良，对人畜安全。
具体实施方式
下面根据优选的实施例对本发明进行更详细的描述，然而以下实施例仅限于对本发明的理解，且本发明并不限于此或受其限制。
实施例1
水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其配组分按总重量的百分比为：
硫铝酸盐水泥 35
二氧化硅 55.32
硅氧烷 2.0
乙烯乳胶 5.0
聚羧酸盐 1.5
三氯化铝 1.0
羟丙基纤维素 0.15
三乙醇胺 0.03
实施例2
以配制1000kg粉末型的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料为例，在拌合机中加入二氧化硅粉末553.2kg，再加入硫铝酸盐水泥350kg，在搅拌的过程中徐徐加入硅氧烷20kg、乙烯乳胶50kg、氯化物10kg、纤维素1.5kg，拌和5min后，喷入三乙醇胺0.3kg、聚羧酸盐15kg。加完后再搅合10min，即为水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料产品(粉末型)。
实施例3
以配制1000kg粉末型的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料为例，在拌合机运转的情况下依次加入硅酸盐水泥300kg、二氧化硅622.8kg、高活性硅烷15kg、乳胶粉30kg、氨基磺酸盐20kg、三氧化铝10kg、羟乙基纤维素2kg、三乙丙醇胺0.2kg，加完后继续拌合10min即得水泥基渗透结晶型防水产品。
实施例4
以配制1000kg乳液型的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料为例，在拌合机内加入自来水527.7kg，在拌合的情况下加入三氯化铁10kg，溶解后加入硅烷10kg，溶解后加入乳胶粉50kg，溶解后加入纤维素2kg，溶解后加入三乙醇胺0.3kg，聚羧酸盐100kg(含固量为50％)，徐徐加入水泥300kg，加完后继续拌合15min，即得乳液型水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料1000kg。
本发明所述的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，可达到以下技术指标：
1.匀质性能
(1)粉末型产品性能：含水率≤3.0％，总碱量≤2.0％，氯离子含量≤0.2％，细度(0.315mm筛)≤15％；
(2)乳液型产品性能：含固量≥30％，PH值≥7.0，总碱量≤1.5％，氯离子含量≤0.1％，密度值1.2。
2.物理力学性能
安定性合格，初凝≥20min，终凝≤24h
抗折强度MPa≥(7d)2.8MPa；(28d)3.5MPa
抗压强度MPa≥(7d)12Mpa；(28d)18MPa
湿基面粘结强度MPa≥1.0MPa
抗渗压力(28d)≥0.8~1.2MPa
第二次抗渗压力(56d)MPa≥0.6~0.8MPa
渗透压力比(28d)％≥200~300
本发明所属的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料适用于自来水池、游泳池、浴室、厕所、厨房、屋面、外墙、污水处理池、排污管道、隧道、地下室墙壁、仓库、堤坝的防水层、防潮层、防腐层，用于没有接缝的完整表面和结构复杂的表面及潮湿的无机表面基底上，其具有很好的耐水性、抗渗性、耐候性、水蒸气渗透性，具有很高的承载能力，且施工简便，是一种很好的防水材料。
Claims (3)
1.一种水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其特征在于：所述的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其组分按总重量的百分比为：
所述的水泥为抗硫酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、硅酸盐水泥、矿渣水泥中的一种或组合物，其细度目数大于800m2/kg；
所述的二氧化硅为石英砂，包括人工石英砂，细度目数为100目～200目，含水率低于2.0%；
所述的有机硅为硅氧烷、甲基硅醇钠、甲基硅醇钾、乙基硅酸钠中的一种或其组合物；
所述的乙烯乳胶为乙烯共聚物二元胶，乙烯与氯乙烯及醋酸乙酯共聚胶，醋酸乙烯与乙烯及高级脂肪酸乙烯脂三元共聚胶，聚乙烯醇中的一种或其组合物；
所述的超塑化剂为聚羧酸盐、氨基磺酸盐、β-萘系磺酸盐中的一种或其组合；
所述的氯化物为三氯化铁、三氯化铝、氯化钙中的一种或其组合；
所述的保水剂为羟乙基纤维素，羟乙基甲基纤维素，羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或其组合物；
所述的有机醇为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺中的一种或其组合物。
2.一种水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其特征在于：所述的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料，其组分按总重量的百分比为：
以上各组分重量百分比之和为100%；
所述的水泥为抗硫酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、硅酸盐水泥、矿渣水泥中的一种或组合物，其细度目数大于800m2/kg；
所述的有机硅为硅氧烷、甲基硅醇钠、甲基硅醇钾、乙基硅酸钠中的一种或其组合物；
所述的乙烯乳胶为乙烯共聚物二元胶，乙烯与氯乙烯及醋酸乙酯共聚胶，醋酸乙烯与乙烯及高级脂肪酸乙烯脂三元共聚胶，聚乙烯醇中的一种或其组合物；
所述的超塑化剂为聚羧酸盐、氨基磺酸盐、β-萘系磺酸盐中的一种或其组合；
所述的氯化物为三氯化铁、三氯化铝、氯化钙中的一种或其组合；
所述的保水剂为羟乙基纤维素，羟乙基甲基纤维素，羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或其组合物；
所述的有机醇为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺中的一种或其组合物。
3.一种如权利要求2所述的水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在拌合机内加入自来水，在拌合的情况下加入氯化物，溶解后加入有机硅，溶解后加入乙烯乳胶，溶解后加入保水剂，溶解后加入有机醇和超塑化剂，最后徐徐加入水泥，加完后继续拌合15min，即得水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料。
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