CN101074156B - Normal-temperature foaming wall/ roofing sandwich layer of vegetive bits enhanced cement and its production - Google Patents

Normal-temperature foaming wall/ roofing sandwich layer of vegetive bits enhanced cement and its production Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101074156B
CN101074156B CN200710016093A CN200710016093A CN101074156B CN 101074156 B CN101074156 B CN 101074156B CN 200710016093 A CN200710016093 A CN 200710016093A CN 200710016093 A CN200710016093 A CN 200710016093A CN 101074156 B CN101074156 B CN 101074156B
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China
Prior art keywords
cement
foaming
slurry
add
wall
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200710016093A
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CN101074156A (en
Inventor
岳云龙
孙成栋
屈雅
张永利
邹惟前
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Jinan University
University of Jinan
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University of Jinan
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00586—Roofing materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

A foaming wall/roof sandwich layer of vegetable chip reinforced cement at normal temperature and its production are disclosed. The raw materials consist of vegetable chip 6-20 wt%, cement 46-62 wt%, gypsum powder 1.0-2.5 wt% with fineness 40-80 meshes, CaO 10-15 wt%, calcium chloride 0-3 wt%, foaming pearlite 10-14 wt%, water glass 4.5-6 wt%, sodium fluoro silicate 0.8-1.2 wt%, aluminum powder or degreased aluminum powder or aluminum paste 0.15-0.35 wt%. Cavity filling rate reaches above 90%, it's firm, has better strength and rigidity, excellent thermal-insulating performance and various raw resources and less consumption.

Description

Canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall roofing sandwich layer and preparation method thereof
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall roofing sandwich layer and preparation method thereof, belong to a kind of material of construction that meets the 3rd energy conservation standard and preparation method thereof.
(2) background technology
Country proposes higher requirement to building energy conservation, promptly will be at building code requirement in 1981 at every M of heating season 2Burn standard coal 25Kg and be on 100% the basis, save heating coal consumption 65%, i.e. the every M in season that mines 2It is the 3rd energy conservation standard that the burning standard coal is reduced to 8.5Kg, carrying out the 3rd energy conservation standard at present, this standard index is very high, general brick structure, novel wall such as gas concrete and various building blocks and roof cladding do not reach this standard, building trade has to outer body of wall is made combined wall board (body) form at present, and promptly rapid benzene (foaming) plate or urethane (foaming) plate, composite aerated concrete of inner side of outer wall or building block are adopted in the exterior wall outside.Yet costing an arm and a leg of styrofoam (or polyurethane sheet), the life-span is that 10 years need are repaired, needed overhaul or replacing in 20 years usually, promptly at house length of life 50-100, body of wall need be changed warming plate repeatedly! The starting material of styrofoam that even more serious is are crude oil, about 2 tons of crude oil could be produced 1 ton of styrofoam, the raw material of the starting material isocyanic ester of polyurethane sheet also is a crude oil, though do with styrofoam that body of wall reaches the building energy conservation requirement outside the energy-conservation room, but consume crude oil, so social terminal energy is not energy-conservation.Though occur the cob sandwich layer (patent that the contriver is applying for for addressing this problem, water funk) and straw board (inflammable and rotten) etc., but those technology are not suitable for roofing and multilayer, Highrise buildings body of wall, and foaming technique all adopts high temperature foaming or High Temperature High Pressure foaming, expense is higher on the one hand, can not field fabrication, can not combine closely with framework again, be full of cavity.
(2) summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of following technology, provide a kind of canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall the roofing sandwich layer, this core material series normal temperature is foaming down, can also can carry out in factory at the construction site foam-in-site, the filling cavity can reach 90%, bonding firm with framework (inner chamber), improve big plate strength and stiffness, thermal and insulating performance is superior, the starting material wide material sources the most important thing is outside making in the body of wall and roofing process the not additive decrementation energy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned sandwich layer, by this method, both can be foamed into the assembly unit in big plate cavity body of certain (standard) shape like that in advance as foaming, also have according to the cavity geometry foam-in-site, both be fit to use on low layer or the Highrise buildings, and also be fit to other engineering heat insulating and alleviate weight of object.
The present invention realizes by following measure:
Canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall of the present invention the roofing sandwich layer, be to make by following raw materials by weight percent:
1. canebreak: 6～20%
2. cement: 46～62%
3. gypsum pulvis, fineness 40 orders～80 orders: 1.0～2.5%
4. CaO, pulvis fineness 40 orders～80 orders: 10～15%
5. calcium chloride: 0～3%
6. foaming perlite: 10～14%
7. water glass: 4.5～6%
8. Sodium Silicofluoride: 0.8～1.2%
9. aluminium powder or degreasing aluminium powder or aluminium cream: 0.15～0.35%.
The foaming at normal temp body of wall of the invention described above the roofing sandwich layer, described canebreak is one or more of yearly plant chip, shell, perennial plant chip, shell, particle size 0.5≤d≤3.5mm, length 3～4mm; Described cement is silicate cement or the slag cement of label more than 425.
CaCl in the said ratio 2Be that kind according to canebreak can add and can not add, containing rich in sugar canebreak will add, otherwise can not add.
Aluminium powder can be degreasing aluminium cream (added and drawn back powder) in the said ratio, needs that the amount of slurry of foaming is big uses little value, and the little usefulness of amount of slurry is worth greatly.
The add-on of water is relevant with the slurry extent of dilution, and general extent of dilution and mortar are similar, and too rare bubble can break and be unstable, and too thick bubble is determined by experiment very little usually.The general water yield accounts for about 80% of raw material gross weight.
The foaming at normal temp body of wall of the invention described above the preparation method of roofing sandwich layer, comprise the preparation of slurry, and the preparation of big plate or standard central layer,
1, the preparation of slurry
1. with in common adding such as canebreak, CaO pulvis, gypsum, perlite, calcium chloride water (as needs), the Sodium Silicofluoride stirrer, the limit edged stirs, and adds the back and stirs 1min;
2. add clear water, in whipping process, add sodium silicate solution, restir 1.5～2.0min;
3. add cement, stir while adding, add water, make rare denseness of cement slurry and mortar similar, restir 1.5min as water is additional inadequately;
4. add aluminium powder (or degreasing aluminium cream), in stirrer, pour out rapidly behind stirring 1.5～2.0min.
2, make big plate
1. tailor the framework border size according to wallboard and roof contours, the frame material can be timber, Lightgage Steel Joist or other material keel, or is spirally connected or is welded into framework;
2. be coated with sealing compound on one side at framework, sealing compound is by cement and resin (as white glue with vinyl, 107 glue) and the formulated polymer cement of water, cover lower panel again, panel can be cement-bonded wood chipboard, cement composite board and other sheet material except that plasterboard, with screw plate and frame is linked to be integral body (drawing nest on the plate);
3. the big plate framework that overturns all is coated with the cream that is tightly connected five of inner chamber;
4. the slurry that will stir is poured big plate cavity into, and smears into the plane fast with trowel;
5. wait foaming to finish and on frame, be coated with sealing compound again, top panel is covered a stroke nest play screw;
6. leave standstill, stacking.
3, production standard central layer
1. make activity (detachably) frame according to needed profile and size, interior coating release agent, releasing agent (separant) can be a used oil, slop wax or pulvis;
2. frame is placed on the base plate, spreads separant on the floor, size＜0.3mm particle, disregard message paper, deashing etc.;
The slurry that 3. will add whipping agent pour into framed in, and floating gently rapidly with trowel;
4. the top panel of coating release agent (as used oil) covers, (looks season) and remove framework behind 35～45min, leaves standstill stacking.
(1) first gordian technique of the present invention is a foaming technique under the normal temperature.General chemical materials is after adding foaming, or boiling or put into high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, so it is restricted in architectural application, the present invention no longer adds gentle pressurization behind foaming at normal temp, therefore can foam-in-place, can join together with frame and upper and lower panel on the one hand, the bulk strength and the rigidity of big plate are increased greatly, be that cost is low on the other hand, technology is simple, is well suited for (particularly in construction work) foam-in-place on engineering.
(2) second gordian technique of the present invention is must be coated with one deck sealing compound (frame may be timber, light steel or other material) at edge install lower panel on framework before, its slurries when the foaming slurry is poured cavity into are not suffered a loss, otherwise will influence the quality of foamed core material.Sealing compound generally is diluted to paste by cheap polymer concrete, and proportioning is a cement: polymkeric substance=(2～2.5): 1, and other ratios are decided on polymer quality.
(3) the 3rd gordian technique of the present invention is raw-material reinforced order.If the vegetable fibre chip is farm crop, firmly need add CaCl for condensing 2, then reinforced four steps of dividing.As plant is that wood chip then need not add CaCl 2, to feed in raw material and can divide three steps, four steps also could.
(4) the 4th gordian technique of the present invention is that the aluminium powder joining day is to stir at slurry, and the last adding of water consumption suitable (rare denseness is suitable) produces immediately as bubble after adding aluminium powder, but it is too much to hold the expression amount of water that breaks immediately.Few and firm as foam, show that water is few, when further foaming, all need regulate.
(5) the 5th gordian technique of the present invention is that the CaO that adds mainly is anticorrosion, and then adds when adding water simultaneously and canebreak should be wrapped behind the canebreak in reinforced order, prevents that vegetable fibre from rotting in cavity.
(6) the 6th gordian technique of the present invention is production standard size core frame and upper and lower bottom plate all adopt metallic substance, and with the equal coating release agent in core contact position (or separant), cheap with used oil or other usually and the material (comprising pulvis) of releasing agent with buffer action.
Canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall of the present invention the roofing sandwich layer, can foam down by normal temperature, can also can carry out at the construction site foam-in-site in factory, the filling cavity can reach more than 90%, bonding firm with framework (inner chamber), improve big plate strength and stiffness, thermal and insulating performance is superior, the starting material wide material sources, low price, heat transfer coefficient is low, the most important thing is outside making in the body of wall and roofing process the not additive decrementation energy.
Preparation method of the present invention, both can be foamed into the assembly unit in big plate cavity body of certain (standard) shape like that in advance as foaming, also have according to the cavity geometry foam-in-site, both be fit to use on low layer or the Highrise buildings, also be fit to other engineering heat insulating and alleviate weight of object.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1, the foaming at normal temp canebreak refinforced cement core material of present embodiment is to be made by the raw material of following weight ratio
1. wood chip: size 0.5≤d≤3.5 (mm) (length 3～4mm) 8%
2. ordinary Portland cement: label 525 55.0%
3. CaO: fineness 60 orders above 14.0%
4. gypsum: fineness 60 orders 2%
5. water glass: 5.7%
6. Sodium Silicofluoride: 1.0%
7. foaming perlite: 14.0%
8. aluminium powder (or degreasing aluminium cream): 0.3%.
2, the preparation of slurry
1. wood chip is sieved: below 0.5mm, the above chip screen of 3.5mm goes, by pouring in the stirrer behind the prescription weighing;
2. pour in the stirrer behind fineness is the qualified calcium oxide weighing, start stirrer it is mixed thoroughly;
3. gypsum, foaming perlite, Sodium Silicofluoride, clear water etc. are added in the stirrer simultaneously, stir 1min;
4. water glass dilution back is added in the stirrer and stir 1.5～2.0min;
5. add cement, the Jia Shui while adding is up to suitable slurry concentration (being similar to sand-cement slurry concentration, by the test decision);
6. add and after aluminium powder stirs 1.5～2.0min fast slurry is poured out from stirrer.
3, make large board member and body of wall
1. make large board member
The frame spine material of big plate has light steel, timber, all artificial boards except that plasterboard or aluminium sheet bending etc. to be combined into frame through spiral shell, nail, weldering etc., frame is coated with sealing compound, with screw lower panel is screwed on the frame, the upset keel, coat at plate inner wall and frame inwall and to be connected putty (or sealing compound), after will pour into through the slurry of foaming rapidly, be coated with on the floating slightly bonnet and connected putty (or sealing compound), the screw of screwing on is promptly finished big plate foaming wall and is made.
2. be installed on body of wall or the roofing
After finishing big plate making, big plate stitching (or bolt connection) on roof beam, is stayed necessary slit; Be connected with bolt on the upper and lower collar tie beam of body of wall, stay necessary slit.
3. embed on body of wall or the roofing
Wall body outer wall sheet material is screwed onto on the keel, will cut into standard-sized core sign indicating number and go into cavity, is connected with cement cream between piece and the piece, at last inner wall panel is screwed.
It is identical with the body of wall operation that roofing is installed core.
Annotate: no matter be roof or body of wall, if inner erecting equipment, pipeline or other article, should or embed before foaming before the core fixing in advance pour into again the foaming slurry or again sign indicating number go into core.
The body of wall that the present invention makes or the salient features of large board member are:
When upper and lower panel is that wheat straw cementitious composite plate thickness is 10mm; The large board member total thickness is 106mm;
After tested, thermal resistance is: 0.713m 2K/W;
Heat transfer coefficient: 1.40W/m 2K;
Sound insulation: 41dB;
The big plate life-span: 50～70 years;
Fire endurance: difficult combustion level B 1Or B 2
Embodiment 2:
1, the foaming at normal temp canebreak refinforced cement core material of present embodiment is to be made by the raw material of following weight ratio
1. wheat straw chip: width 0.5～2.0mm, thickness≤1mm 8%
2. ordinary Portland cement: label 425 54%
3. CaO: fineness 60 orders above 10.6%
4. gypsum: 1.5%
5. CaCl 2(water solvent): 5% (Gu)
6. foaming perlite: 14%
7. water glass: 5.63%
8. Sodium Silicofluoride: 1.0%
9. aluminium powder (or degreasing aluminium powder): 0.27%.
2, the preparation of slurry
1. wheat straw is sieved, sieve goes length below 0.5mm, and the wheat straw that 3.5mm is above is poured in the stirrer by the prescription weighing;
2. will pour in the stirrer behind the calcium chloride water weighing after the water dissolution, start stirrer by itself and wheat straw thorough mixing,, and then add calcium oxide, gypsum, foaming perlite the wheat straw parcel, all join in the stirrer by weight with Sodium Silicofluoride, stir 1～2min;
3. add sodium silicate solution, add a large amount of clear water simultaneously, stir 1min after making the compound form slurry;
4. add cement, regulate rare denseness (regulating) of slurry in the adition process with adding clear water;
5. add aluminium powder or degreasing aluminium cream at last, stir and poured body of wall (or roofing) cavity in 1～2 minute into.
3, make large board member and body of wall
3 identical with in the example 1.
The salient features of the roofing board that the present invention makes is:
The big plate upper and lower panel in roof is the hemp stalk cement composite board, thickness 10mm, and the member total thickness is 100mm;
After tested, thermal resistance is: 0.750m 2K/W;
Heat transfer coefficient: 1.33W/m 2K;
Sound insulation: 41dB;
The roof life-span: 50～70 years;
Fire-resistant level: difficult combustion level B 1Or B 2
Embodiment 3:
1, the broken shell refinforced cement of the foaming at normal temp plant core material of present embodiment is to be made by the raw material of following weight ratio
1. the broken particle of Sunflower shell (Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is identical): size 0.5～3.5mm, length 3～4mm 6%
2. slag cement: label 425 54%
3. calcium chloride: amount of solid 6%, it is dissolved into water liquid
4. calcium oxide: fineness 60 orders above 11.6%
5. gypsum: 1.5%
6. foaming perlite: 14%
7. water glass: 5.6%
8. Sodium Silicofluoride: 1.0%
9. aluminium powder or degreasing aluminium cream: 0.28%
2, the preparation of slurry
With the wheat straw in the coremaking material step in the example 2 change into through the screening after Sunflower shell outside, other steps are identical.
3, make outer body of wall
3 identical with in the example 1.
The body of wall salient features that the present invention makes is:
The interior outer panels of body of wall is cotton stalk refinforced cement composition board, thickness 13mm, body of wall total thickness 206mm;
After tested, thermal resistance is: 1.21m 2K/W;
Heat transfer coefficient: 0.826W/m 2K;
Sound insulation: 45dB;
The roof life-span: 50～70 years;
Fire-resistant level: difficult combustion level B 1Or B 2
4, the standard central layer of production standard size
1. make dismountable active border, coating release agent in the frame, releasing agent (separant) can be a used oil, slop wax or pulvis;
2. frame is placed on the base plate, spreads separant on the floor, size＜0.3mm particle, disregard message paper, deashing etc.;
The slurry that 3. will add whipping agent pour into framed in, and floating gently rapidly with trowel;
4. the top panel of coating release agent (as used oil) covers, (looks season) and remove framework behind 35～45min, leaves standstill, and makes the standard central layer that is of a size of 8-18mm.
After tested, performance is:
1. core density: 0.4-0.6g/m 3
2. performance because of density with raw-material different, generally only require density.But density reaches 0.6g/m 3The time ultimate compression strength at 1-1.2MPa

Claims (3)

1. canebreak refinforced cement foaming at normal temp body of wall or roofing sandwich layer is characterized in that being made by following raw materials by weight percent:
1. canebreak: 6～20%
2. cement: 46～62%
3. gypsum pulvis, fineness 40 orders～80 orders: 1.0～2.5%
4. CaO, pulvis fineness 40 orders～80 orders: 10～15%
5. calcium chloride: 0～3%
6. foaming perlite: 10～15%
7. water glass: 4.5～6%
8. Sodium Silicofluoride: 0.8～1.2%
9. aluminium powder or degreasing aluminium powder or aluminium cream: 0.15～0.35%.
2. foaming at normal temp body of wall according to claim 1 or roofing sandwich layer is characterized in that, described canebreak is one or more of yearly plant chip, perennial plant chip, shell, particle size 0.5≤d≤3.5mm, length 3～4mm; Described cement is silicate cement or the slag cement of label more than 425.
3. the preparation method of described foaming at normal temp body of wall of claim 1 or roofing sandwich layer is characterized in that, comprises the preparation of slurry, and the preparation of big plate or standard central layer,
The preparation of slurry:
1. canebreak, CaO pulvis, gypsum, perlite, calcium chloride water, Sodium Silicofluoride are added in the stirrer jointly, the limit edged stirs, and adds the back and stirs 1min;
2. add clear water, in whipping process, add sodium silicate solution, restir 1.5～2.0min;
3. add cement, stir while adding, add water, make rare denseness of cement slurry and mortar similar, restir 1.5min as water is additional inadequately;
4. add aluminium powder or degreasing aluminium cream, behind stirring 1.5～2.0min, promptly get slurry;
The preparation of big plate:
1. tailor the framework border size according to wallboard and roof contours, be spirally connected or be welded into framework;
2. be coated with sealing compound on one side at framework, sealing compound is by the formulated polymer cement of cement, Resin adhesive and water, covers lower panel again, with screw lower panel and frame is linked to be integral body;
3. the big plate framework that overturns all is coated with the cream that is tightly connected five of inner chamber;
4. the slurry that will stir is poured big plate cavity into, and smears into the plane fast with trowel;
5. wait foaming to finish and on frame, be coated with sealing compound again, top panel is covered a stroke nest play screw;
6. after leaving standstill, promptly get big plate;
The preparation of standard central layer:
1. make active border according to needed profile and size, interior coating release agent;
2. frame is placed on the base plate, spreads separant on the floor;
The slurry that 3. will add whipping agent pour into framed in, and floating gently rapidly with trowel;
4. the top panel of coating release agent covers, removes framework behind 35～45min, promptly gets the standard central layer.
CN200710016093A 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 Normal-temperature foaming wall/ roofing sandwich layer of vegetive bits enhanced cement and its production Expired - Fee Related CN101074156B (en)

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FR3055132A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-02-23 Lisbonis Chaux Grasses L.C.G. COMPOSITION FOR AN INSULATING MORTAR SUCH AS HEMP MORTAR, AND CORRESPONDING MORTAR
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