CN1216004C - Fireproof insulative composite materials - Google Patents
Fireproof insulative composite materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1216004C CN1216004C CN 02158737 CN02158737A CN1216004C CN 1216004 C CN1216004 C CN 1216004C CN 02158737 CN02158737 CN 02158737 CN 02158737 A CN02158737 A CN 02158737A CN 1216004 C CN1216004 C CN 1216004C
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- Prior art keywords
- fire
- matrix material
- refractory
- powder
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
Abstract
The present invention relates to fire-prevention and heat-insulation composite material. The present invention has the components of the weight percent of 20 to 65% of hollow spherical expanded perlite, 5 to 30% of expanded vermiculite, 5 to 25% of portland cement, 10 to 35% of refractory powder, 0 to 15% of refractory fiber, 0.5 to 5% of powdery adhesive and 0 to 5% of auxiliary agent; the present invention solves the problems of low intensity, bad endurance and durable adhesion of the existing fire-prevention and heat-insulation composite material. The present invention can be directly used outdoors without wire mesh external suspension or surface layer manufacture.
Description
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material, relating in particular to a kind of is the matrix material of main adiabatic component with the hollow ball-shape pearlstone.
Prior art
The fire prevention mechanism of fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material is: utilize the well insulated of thermal insulation material in the coating and the heat-absorbing action of additive, intercept and consume the heat that produces because of fire and be delivered to substrate surface, reach the surrender critical temperature thereby delay base material.It is mainly used in steel construction or skeleton construction.Coating has incendivity not, good heat insulating ability and three characteristics of fire resistance period alternative (being that fire endurance can increase with the increase of coat-thickness).Coating is made up of porous inorganic insulating material and inorganic adhesive mostly, thus have nontoxic, do not have and to smell, to be difficult for aging, the reliable advantage of fire performance.But different fire-proof and thermal-insulation composite properties is widely different, and this is because the starting material difference of selecting for use causes.
The fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material can be divided into indoor type and outdoor version according to use properties.Outdoor version fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material is as the fireproof jointing sheath of buildings; protect buildings with persevering for several decades as if it were one day; reaching on the basis of fire performance, also must have following performance: enough intensity (ultimate compression strength, shock resistance, splitting resistance etc.), favorable durability (mainly comprising humidity, water-fast, weather-proof, corrosion-resistant) and with base material cohesive force enduringly.Existing outdoor version product can not reach above-mentioned requirements because of its coating performance, all needs plug-in woven wire (overcoming the intensity defective) or makes surface layer (overcoming the weather resistance defective), construction technology complexity.Disclose one among the Chinese patent publication number 1091445A and be main adiabatic component, be the fire retardant composition prescription of binding agent with the portland cement that with expanded vermiculite it has improved the problem of bonding aspect.As described in it, expanded vermiculite is a kind of splendid thermal insulation material, and the expanded vermiculite amount that contains in the composition is many more, can strengthen the thermotolerance of coating more effectively.But expanded vermiculite also has, and intensity is low, frangible, the shortcoming of water-intake rate high (water regain is 3-6 a times of own wt), a large amount of expanded vermiculites that use can make whole strength of coating descend, water-intake rate raises, influence the intensity and the weather resistance of coating, can not directly be used in outdoor, must plug-in woven wire or make surface layer.The chopping of using among the Chinese patent publication number 1119662A polystyrene also exist intensity low, non-refractory at high temperature decomposites the shortcoming of toxic gas.Be introduced into the fire-proof and thermal-insulation composite-material formula, must make the degradation such as ultimate compression strength, shock resistance of coating, need to make surface layer.
Mostly the fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material is the production method production according to coating at present, dispatches from the factory with paste or two-pack (a kind of solid ingredient and a kind of liquid ingredient) form, and maximum production also has only annual a few kiloton.Chinese invention patent publication number 1106851A discloses a kind of compound insulation and fire-proof paint, its objective is problems such as solving prior art processes is numerous, investment is big, cost height.But its production technique has several steps such as dissolving, immersion, stirring, and technology is still very complicated, and is periodical operation, can not large-scale industrial production, and the product component consistence is difficult to guarantee.Its product is the uniform lotion of thickness, is not easy to packing and transportation, and the working-yard uses wastes time and energy.
Technical scheme
Purpose of the present invention is exactly by using advanced composite material, solve that the existing intensity of existing fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material is low, poor durability and lasting agglutinating problem, provide a kind of can be directly at the fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material of outdoor application, and no longer need plug-in woven wire or make surface layer.Use the dry-mixed mortar technology to produce, transport and construction, can raise the efficiency and reduce cost.
Fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material of the present invention, it consists of (weight percentage):
Hollow ball-shape pearlstone 20-65%
Expanded vermiculite 5-30%
Silicate cement 5-25%
Refractory powder 10-35%
Refractory fibre 0-15%
Powder binder 0.5-5%
Auxiliary agent 0-5%
Wherein powder binder is one or more in Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum and the Natvosol.
Key of the present invention is to have used hollow ball-shape pearlstone and compoiste adhering system.
In recent years, development abroad plays a kind of pearlstone of hollow ball-shape, is regarded as thermal insulation material of new generation.It has the ball-like structure of shell densification, boring, so it is difficult for fragmentation, and water-intake rate low (water regain has only the 50%--90% of own wt), compressive strength height (doubly) than the high 1-2 of traditional product, heat-proof quality also slightly improves than other materials.With its main thermal insulation material, can under the situation that does not reduce effect of heat insulation, improve the intensity and the weather resistance of coating greatly as the fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material.
Binding agent used in the present invention is aided with powder binder and clay class refractory powder based on silicate cement.Silicate cement is a kind of binding agent, and it is the meeting hardening after drying, is bonded in steel construction or concrete structural surface.Because of silicate cement has high pH value metal is not had corrodibility, so it can be used in the fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material of steel construction.But silicate cement is a rigid material, and the thermal expansivity of it and steel construction is different often to cause bonding failure, thereby influences the weather resistance and the cohesive force of coating, and adding with the ether of cellulose is that the powder binder of main component just can address these problems.Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum and Natvosol belong to non-ionic water-soluble ether, have good use properties, are applicable in the material of construction as retardant water-holding agent, thickening material and binding agent.Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum and Natvosol be existing the application in gypsum, cement, lime, mortar.It mainly plays reinforced cementitious power, reduces shrinking percentage, improves viscosity and waterproof effect in the present invention.Because it has the effect that keeps moisture content, so can reduce the loss of coatingsurface moisture, avoid the edge that the crack takes place, and can improve initial bonding strength and lasting cohesive force widely.Especially in construction, can prolong and regulate time of coagulation, improve the workability and the pumping of fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material, be suitable for mechanized construction, improve operating efficiency and also help the weathering that building surface prevents water soluble salt.Add after the above-mentioned ether of cellulose, can be at the many micro-bubbles of the inner generation of coating, as polynuclear plane.The effect of small bubbles is as " lubricant ", not only improve workability, and polynuclear plane has been blocked the capillary action that produces after the original hardening of cement, the infiltration of anti-sealing, so good waterproof action is arranged, also improve simultaneously the freeze proof resistance toheat of product and increased heat insulation, defening effect, reduced the unit weight of product.And add the problem that clay class refractory powder both can solve the silicate cement non-refractory, and make coating increase toughness again and do not chap, solved the problem of high temperature bond.Above-mentioned three class binding agents organically combine and have just constituted the compoiste adhering system, use the compoiste adhering system both to guarantee the resistance to elevated temperatures of coating, have improved the cohesive force of coating and base material and the weather resistance of coating again greatly.
The particle diameter of hollow ball-shape pearlstone is selected 0.1-1.5mm for use, joins according to the natural utmost point of product to get final product.Expanded vermiculite is selected the preferable of Xinjiang product for use, and the toughness that produce in Hebei is little, frangible, should reduce the usage quantity of expanded vermiculite in the prescription as far as possible.Silicate cement adopts the above ability proof strength of 425#, and ordinary Portland cement gets final product, and also can select other cement as the case may be for use, but needs prudent.Powder binder is that Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum and Natvosol are used, and selects instant type product for use, uses high-viscosity products as far as possible.Clay class powders such as the optional wilkinite of refractory powder, potter's clay, kaolin, attapulgite, fineness gets final product between the 50-325 order.Refractory fibre mainly works to strengthen coating structure and cracking resistance, can select in rock wool, mineral wool, aluminium silicate wool, the glass fibre (high temperature resistant) one or more for use, also can not add, and can be relatively easy to disperse in order to produce, and should select staple fibre for use.Auxiliary agent is general auxiliary agent commonly used, comprises retardant, water-resisting agent, water reducer, air, thickening material, dispersion agent, defoamer, rust inhibitor, sanitas etc., can select to add according to practical situation.Add water at the construction field (site), by powder: the weight ratio of water=1: 1--1.5 adds water, and the ratio that adds water according to the preparation of construction difference is also different.
Fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material of the present invention is produced, is transported and construction according to the dry-mixed mortar technology, can raise the efficiency and reduce cost.The dry-mixed mortar technology is meant: through mixed mixture, with form supply the market packed or in bulk, during engineering construction, only need add various necessary dry powder raw materials water and stir and can use, both can adopt manual mode also can adopt mechanical system during use.This technology has been widely used in the middle of putty, thermal insulation mortar, ceramic tile bond, tens kinds of products of gravity flow equality abroad, and east, the Ji of China cement has now built up a production line of producing 150000 tons per year.
Production method: earlier that auxiliary agent and powder binder is mixed evenly stand-by, in stirrer, add hollow ball-shape pearlstone and expanded vermiculite, add silicate cement and refractory powder while stirring, slowly add the refractory fibre of having broken up with machine, add auxiliary agent and the powder binder that has mixed at last, stirring gets final product.Churning time should be less than 5 minutes, to reduce the expanded vermiculite fragmentation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1 (weight percentage):
Hollow ball-shape pearlstone (particle diameter 0.7mm) 37%; Expanded vermiculite 23%; 425# slag cement 18%; Kaolin (50 order) 14%; Mineral wool 5.6%; Vltra tears (the general Fine Chemical Works hpmc40000s in sky, Luzhou) 0.4%; Natvosol (U.S. connection carbon cellosize qp100mh) 0.25%; MNC-A type early strength water-reducing agent (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 0.45%; MNC-D type concrete waterproofer (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 1.3%.This prescription is used for outdoor steel structure, presses powder: the weight ratio nonwater-spraying 28mm of water=1: 1.3 is thick, fire endurance 3 hours.
Embodiment 2 (weight percentage):
Hollow ball-shape pearlstone (particle diameter 0.1mm) 41%; Expanded vermiculite 18%; 525# Portland cement 9%; Kaolin (150 order) 22%; Mineral wool 7.5%; Methylcellulose gum (the general Fine Chemical Works mc75000 in sky, Luzhou) 0.3%; Vltra tears (the general Fine Chemical Works hpmc40000s in sky, Luzhou) 0.2%; MNC-A type early strength water-reducing agent (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 0.2%; MNC-D type concrete waterproofer (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 0.8%.This prescription is that to be used for the tunnel inner concrete structural, presses powder: the weight ratio nonwater-spraying 23mm of water=1: 1.25 is thick, fire endurance 2.5 hours.
Embodiment 3 (weight percentage):
Hollow ball-shape pearlstone (particle diameter 1.5mm) 24%; Expanded vermiculite 15%; 525# pulverized fuel ash cement 22%; Clay (325 order) 27.3%; Aluminium silicate wool 8%; Vltra tears (the general Fine Chemical Works hpmc40000s in sky, Luzhou) 0.5%; Natvosol (U.S. connection carbon cellosize qp100mh) 0.3%; MNC-A type early strength water-reducing agent (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 0.6%; MNC-D type concrete waterproofer (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 1.6%; MNC-X shaped steel bar rust inhibitor (Beijing curtain Hu Waijiajichang) 0.7%.This prescription is used for petrochemical factory's workshop steel structure, presses powder: the weight ratio nonwater-spraying 32mm of water=1: 1 is thick, and fire endurance was greater than 3 hours.
Performance
| Cohesive strength Mpa | Ultimate compression strength Mpa | |
| Standard GB 14907 | ≥0.04 | ≥0.3 |
| Common product | 0.04-0.12 | 0.3-0.7 |
| Embodiment one | 0.27 | 1.1 |
| Embodiment two | 0.28 | 1.0 |
| Embodiment three | 0.32 | 1.2 |
The invention effect
From above several embodiment, can find out wide, practical, the dependable performance of fireproof insulative composite materials purposes of the present invention. Adhesion strength and compressive strength rate traditional product improve a lot, and have solved existing product and have been used in the outdoor problem that needs linked network or make surface layer.
The raw material that fireproof insulative composite materials of the present invention uses all are solids, both can use the dry-mixed mortar device continuous automatic production, enhance productivity, and reduce production costs. Can use again simple solid mixing plant small-scale production, production technology is simple. It is more time saving and energy saving than conventional method to transport simultaneously, construct. Product is solid mixture, and the packing solid is easier than packing paste product, and required water is put into the job site and adds, and has reduced most weight than bi-component or paste product, has reduced widely packing and cost of transportation. During construction proportionally the scene add water and stir and get final product, but not only can spray but also trowelling, use during spraying dry mixed mortar stirring spraying equipment integrating or cement mortar spraying equipment all can, efficiency of construction is very high. The product component uniformity improves, and has effectively guaranteed construction quality.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of fire-proof and thermal-insulation matrix material, it consists of (weight percentage):
Hollow ball-shape pearlstone 20-65%
Expanded vermiculite 5-30%
Silicate cement 5-25%
Refractory powder 10-35%
Refractory fibre 0-15%
Powder binder 0.5-5%
Auxiliary agent 0-5%
Powder binder is one or more in Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum and the Natvosol.
2, matrix material as claimed in claim 1, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that the hollow ball-shape pearlstone is 0.1-1.5mm.
3, matrix material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that silicate cement is more than the 425#.
4, matrix material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that refractory powder is one or more in wilkinite, potter's clay, the kaolin, and fineness is between the 50-325 order.
5, matrix material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that refractory fibre is one or more in rock wool, mineral wool, aluminium silicate wool, the glass fibre.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02158737 CN1216004C (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Fireproof insulative composite materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02158737 CN1216004C (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Fireproof insulative composite materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1510005A CN1510005A (en) | 2004-07-07 |
| CN1216004C true CN1216004C (en) | 2005-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02158737 Expired - Fee Related CN1216004C (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Fireproof insulative composite materials |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1216004C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1323977C (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-07-04 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Multifunctional light inorgaic fire-proof fiber protective layer material |
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| CN107522448A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-29 | 广州大学 | A kind of composite fire-proof material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109913008A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-21 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of thicker inorganic fireproof coating and preparation method thereof |
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-
2002
- 2002-12-26 CN CN 02158737 patent/CN1216004C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1323977C (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-07-04 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Multifunctional light inorgaic fire-proof fiber protective layer material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1510005A (en) | 2004-07-07 |
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