CN101072854A - 润滑剂和润滑剂的用途 - Google Patents

润滑剂和润滑剂的用途 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101072854A
CN101072854A CNA2005800416266A CN200580041626A CN101072854A CN 101072854 A CN101072854 A CN 101072854A CN A2005800416266 A CNA2005800416266 A CN A2005800416266A CN 200580041626 A CN200580041626 A CN 200580041626A CN 101072854 A CN101072854 A CN 101072854A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lubricant
acid
carbon atom
unbranched
aliphatics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2005800416266A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101072854B (zh
Inventor
E·马尔姆斯泰特
W·霍尔韦格
L·M·H·皮克
I·斯特兰德尔
A·施图本劳赫
B·鲍尔
F·菲德拉尔斯
A·范登科默
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Publication of CN101072854A publication Critical patent/CN101072854A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101072854B publication Critical patent/CN101072854B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/2805—Esters used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • C10M2217/0456—Polyureas; Polyurethanes used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/10—Groups 5 or 15
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种润滑剂，其包括基于链长为2－60个碳原子的脂肪族无支链、脂环族和/或芳香族链的羧酸酰胺。

Description

润滑剂和润滑剂的用途
发明领域
本发明涉及一种润滑剂和该润滑剂的用途。
背景技术
滑脂广泛应用于轴承和其它结构部件的润滑。一种称为摩擦腐蚀压痕(false brinelling)的作用发生于滚动零件和轴承环的座圈之间位移相对较小的情况下，摩擦腐蚀压痕由此可见于不完全接触点中。另一种称为微振磨损(fretting)的作用见于完全接触点中，例如，微振磨损涉及其啮合面以很小的振幅摆动的轴承座界面。摩擦腐蚀压痕和微振磨损可以导致相当大的损害。迄今为止市售和正在使用的润滑油特别在用于滚动轴承时缺乏对摩擦腐蚀压痕和微振磨损的保护。
因此本发明的一个问题是发明一种更好的对摩擦腐蚀压痕和微振磨损也提供良好保护的润滑剂。
该问题通过权利要求1的主题得以解决。从属权利要求中描述了有益的的实施方式。
因此本发明基于如下认识，即滑脂的润滑作用在振幅相对较大的摆动下发挥良好的作用。在较小的位移幅度下，滑脂在为啮合面提供充分的润滑面临着一些严重的困难。例如，已经发现磷酸盐涂层不能充分防止摩擦腐蚀压痕。因此磷酸盐的粘附性不充分，导致从滚动轴承部件上过早被去除。因此，磷酸盐层在第一次摆动过程中将被完全擦除，此后便没有润滑作用来防止相关部件的损坏。具有滑脂润滑作用的磷酸盐层将不能为摩擦腐蚀压痕提供充分的保护，特别是在所谓的部分滑移状态下。
本发明的主题提供了一种润滑剂，其不仅在传统轴承工作状态下(滚动过程中)具有良好的工作性能，还具有优异的抗摩擦腐蚀压痕的性能，而且也能保护啮合部件不发生微振磨损和摩擦腐蚀。该润滑剂能非常迅速地使养护元件免受摩擦腐蚀压痕和微振磨损，并在(多个)啮合面上同时提供物理和化学相互作用，实际上提供充分地润滑以避免微振磨损和摩擦腐蚀压痕。该润滑剂除了具有这些独特的性能以外，而且根据工业标准还具有很长的轴承滑脂使用期。滑脂广泛应用于滚动部件和轴承座圈和轴承罩之间的接触，以提供长久的润滑作用。迄今为止市售的滑脂除了很长的滑脂使用期之外不具有对小的摆动接触提供润滑的能力。
由于根据本发明的润滑剂的优异润滑性能，滑脂在小和大的振幅即位移的情况下均能充分发挥作用。根据本发明，滑脂或糊剂(糊剂包括基础油和增稠剂如滑脂，但没有结构)应用于轴承部件的其中一个表面或结构部件如齿轮的其他任何表面，即使在如微振磨损和摩擦腐蚀压痕中发现的苛刻条件下也具有优异的润滑性能。与此相反，其它方式的润滑、涂层、糊剂、油剂或滑脂类对摩擦腐蚀压痕仅提供很小的保护作用。
发明内容
本发明的主题是以糊剂的形式应用于轴承座触点、轴圈(ring-on-axle)、壳内圈(ring-in-housing)、轴承环侧面等，在微振磨损条件下具有优异的润滑性能。与此相反，其它方式的润滑、涂层、糊剂、油剂或滑脂对啮合结构表面的微振磨损仅提供很小的保护作用。
根据权利要求1的润滑剂在第一次摆动过程中保护轴承表面，用于摩擦腐蚀压痕的滑脂形式的润滑剂和/或用于微振磨损的滑脂或糊剂形式的润滑剂能提供持续的低摩擦性。
附图说明
以下结合附图在本发明优选实施方式的基础上对本发明的其它优点、特征和细节进行说明。因此，附图说明显示如下：
图1  两个啮合元件之间不同接触条件的图表，
图2a 部分滑移状态下微振磨损环的具体形状以及关于球-平面(ball-on-flat)接触构造的相应磨损标记，
图2b 总体滑移状态下微振磨损环的具体形状以及关于球-平面接触构造的相应磨损标记，
图3  作为摆动周期函数的微振磨损环，
图4  说明无量纲微振磨损状态参数定义的微振磨损环，
图5  摩擦腐蚀压痕条件下市售滑脂得到的试验结果，
图6  根据图5产生的受损表面，
图7  两个结构部件之间的根据本发明的润滑剂保护层，
图8  摩擦腐蚀压痕中本发明滑脂或糊剂得到的结果。
具体实施方式
图1显示了诸如滚动元件及其轴承环之间的不同接触条件。由此轴承环上滚动元件应力分布的特征是两个啮合部件的接触中心压力最大。因此，摩擦将在接触中心最高，朝向压力降低的外部接触区则降低。
在图1中，横轴表示以μm为单位的位移，纵轴表示磨损。第一种接触条件是所谓的粘性状态R1。由此甚至在更小的位移幅度下(相对于正常负荷非常小的切向力)该接触点通过在整个接触面积的弹性形变而进行充分地调节，并且不发生滑移。
紧接着状态R1的是所谓的部分滑移状态或粘性-滑移状态R2。引入切向力将会在外部环形区域显示出最大剪切应力，在接触中心出显示最小剪切应力。当剪切力能够克服摩擦力时将会发生滑移，显然这将首先发生在接触的外部区域。当切向力受限时，接触中心的高接触压力和随之发生的高摩擦会防止滑移。因此，接触中心发生粘着，则在外部区域发生滑移。在部分滑移状态R2下，一些能量通过滑移耗散，一部分通过粗糙部和啮合材料的弹性和塑性变形被耗散。
然后是所谓的总体滑移状态R3，其特征是在整个接触表面上滑移。在部分滑移状态R2下当切向力增加时(位移幅度增加)，粘性环的大小降低至零，在该点处部分滑移条件转变成总体滑移。最后但并非最不重要的是，总体滑移状态R3变成所谓的往复滑移状态。
在很小幅度的摆动运动下两个啮合表面之间发生的磨损机制称为微振磨损。在滚动元件和轴承环之间接触表面上发生的摩擦腐蚀或损伤称为摩擦腐蚀压痕。因此，术语摩擦腐蚀压痕仅用于相对轴承环进行小幅度运动的滚动元件。术语微振磨损用于所有类型的接触构造，例如摩擦腐蚀压痕和平面-平面接触或轴承座中所见的构造。通常摩擦腐蚀压痕和微振磨损中的摆动幅度小于100μm。在位移这样小的摩擦腐蚀压痕中，不能始终保持滚动运动，位移可基于有或没有滑移和/或滑动的接触点上的粘性弹性和塑性变形。通常可以区分出三种微振磨损和摩擦腐蚀压痕：如上文所述的粘性、部分滑移和总体滑移状态R1、R2和R3。
而且在图1中，箭头RF指示出市售滑脂有问题的区域的微振磨损区，该区域也是根据本发明的滑脂带来极大益处的区域。如图1所示，所述区域不仅覆盖了部分滑移状态R2，而且覆盖了一部分总体滑移状态R3。因此从图1看，所述区域可以最大磨损速率值来表示。还可以通过各种其它可能的方式来描述所述区域，因此可以使用无量纲微振磨损状态参数、能量参数、接触面积参数和/或位移参数。更普遍的方式是，所述区域还可以通过摆动幅度来说明。
另一术语摩擦学接触经常由术语“完全和不完全”接触来描述。不完全接触是指接触面积随接触负荷的增加而增加的啮合表面，即，接触表面的大小依赖于负荷水平。滚动元件在轴承座圈上的摩擦腐蚀压痕接触是不完全接触的一个例子。在完全接触的情况下接触面积恒定，不依赖于接触负荷。轴承座接触是完全接触的一个例子。对于相对部分和总体滑移条件，本发明保护任何不完全和完全接触中的啮合表面免受微振磨损和摩擦腐蚀压痕，从而它们的外观在间隙配合和干涉配合轴承座的情况下均得以提升。抗微振磨损糊剂作为一种耐轴承座处微振磨损的低成本解决方案，用于多种用途中。一些糊剂在轴承座处可见的条件下不具备令人满意的耐微振磨损性能。糊剂在轴承座处的部分滑移条件下性能有限。
图2a显示了部分滑移状态R2下微振磨损环的具体形状以及关于球-平面接触构造的相应磨损标记。通常，微振磨损环用于测定具体接触条件下的微振磨损状态，从而深入地理解失效模式(failure mode)和材料对施加条件的反应。微振磨损环表示切向力FT随位移幅度Δa的变化，视情况可以是时间的函数。因此在图2a中，横轴表示位移幅度Δa，纵轴表示切向力FT，因此时间依赖性没有包括在内。部分滑移状态R2可以通过如图2a的曲线图中所示几乎闭合的环以及如图2a的照片中所示的具有外部滑移圈和内部粘性区的典型接触面积来识别。
图2b显示了总体滑移状态R3下微振磨损环的具体形状以及相应的磨损标记。其它方面的描述与图2a方式类似。总体滑移状态R3通过如图2b的曲线图中所示的开放环以及如图2b的照片中所示的整个接触面积上的滑移来识别。应注意到在边缘处，还可将相同的原理用于其它接触构造如球-环、辊-环、平面-平面、轴承座等。
图3显示了随摆动周期OC变化的微振磨损环，从左至右为部分滑移状态R2、混合滑移状态和总体滑移状态R3。因此图3显示了微振磨损接触随时间即所述周期OC的发展变化。
图4显示的是说明所述无量纲微振磨损状态参数Z定义的微振磨损环，该参数不依赖于状态类型，是两个位移范围X和Y的商(Z＝X/Y)。因此，Z值为零表示纯弹性粘性状态R1，值为1表示没有粘性的完全滑移。
图5显示了摩擦腐蚀压痕条件下市售滑脂得到的试验结果。因此轴承滚珠元件在与固定的平轴承座钢表面接触时发生摆动。该试验在恒定驱动力下以恒定频率下进行。因此，试验结果是在1GPa、20Hz和幅度为20μm的摩擦腐蚀压痕条件下获得的。横轴表示微振磨损循环的次数。由此，曲线10表示磨损，曲线20表示位移，曲线30表示摩擦系数。磨损的增加以及摩擦系数曲线表明性能不佳，而且迅速出现磨损。图6显示了根据图5产生的受损表面。
图7显示了作为滚动元件一半的一个结构部件2和作为第二个结构部件4的用于所述滚动元件的座圈。而且，摆动运动过程中滚动元件和座圈的啮合表面之间局部存在有形成保护层7的滑脂6。由此滑脂6对包括反应产物的结构部件2和4的表面进行改性，其中所述的反应产物已由所述滑脂6和结构部件2和4之间的化学反应所提供，这样所述的产物在至少-40℃至+200℃下具有润滑性能。而且滑脂6或更准确地说所述产物形成润滑层7，在(多个)啮合表面的顶部产生厚度小于5μm、特别是小于2μm、更特别是小于1μm的涂层。通过选择这种厚度，内部轴承间隙不受影响。
图8显示了摩擦腐蚀压痕中用本发明滑脂或糊剂得到的结果。轴承滚珠元件在与固定的平轴承座钢表面接触的情况下摆动。该试验在恒定驱动力下以恒定频率下进行。因此，试验结果是在1 GPa、20 Hz和幅度为20μm的摩擦腐蚀压痕条件下获得的。与图5类似，横轴表示微振磨损循环的次数。由此，曲线10’表示磨损，曲线20’表示位移，曲线30’表示摩擦系数。与图5相反，磨损和摩擦系数恒定表示优异的性能。因此，在图5中部分滑移状态下的摩擦迅速增加得以防止。
最后，作为一个例子，滑脂由70.6wt％基于烷基萘的烃、5wt％异棕榈酸锂盐、5wt％异硬脂酸锂盐、7.4wt％12-羟基硬脂酸的钾锂混合盐、2wt％双酚A和10wt％羧酸酰胺组成。

Claims (16)

1.一种润滑剂，其包括基于长度为2-60个碳原子的脂肪族无支链、脂环族和/或芳香族链的羧酸酰胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂，其中所述羧酸酰胺包括羧酸-单-和/或-聚-酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的润滑剂，其包括所述羧酸酰胺的镁、钙、铋和/或烷基铵盐。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的润滑剂，其包括以下组分中的至少一种：
一油，其基于链长为10-1000个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链、脂环族和/或芳香族烃，和/或
-单-、二-和/或聚羧酸酯油，其基于
-碳范围为3-100个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链、脂环族和/或芳香族羧酸，和/或
-碳范围为3-100个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链、脂环族和/或芳香族醇。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括以下的烷基铵盐：
-单-和/或多磷酸和/或磷酸衍生物，例如链长为4-20个碳原子的烷基磷酸，和/或
-磷酸烷氧基衍生物，
其中所述磷酸和/或衍生物被链长为4-24个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链和/或脂环族烷基胺中和。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括以下组分中的至少一种：
-脂肪族无支链和/或支链、脂环族和/或芳香族链的单羧酸-和/或多羧酸，对于单羧酸链长为2-100个碳原子，对于多羧酸链长为4-12个碳原子，和/或
-所述羧酸和/或其衍生物的锂、钾、镁、锌和/或钙盐。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括无机酸的锂、钾、镁、钙、锌、铋和/或烷基铵盐，例如具有链长为4-30个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链和/或环状烷基链的单-、二-和/或多-磷酸添加剂和/或其衍生物，
其中所述酸和/或衍生物被脂肪族无支链和/或支链和/或脂环族烷基胺基团和/或芳香族胺环基团中和。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括以下组分中的至少一种：
-钼化合物，例如钼酸和/或钼钨酸，
-钒化合物，和/或
-硼酸和/或硼酸衍生物。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括单-、二-和/或聚-异氰酸酯与
-长度为2-20个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链、脂环族、多环和/或芳香族碳链的反应产物，和/或
-具有2-24个碳原子的脂肪族无支链和/或支链、饱和和/或不饱和单-和/或聚-胺的反应产物中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任意一项的润滑剂，其包括以下组分中的至少一种：
-三苯基硫逐磷酸酯和/或其支链烷基有10-14个碳原子的烷基衍生物，
-碳-氮和硫添加剂，其由巯基二噻唑和/或其衍生物和/或其钠盐表示，
-苯并三唑和/或其衍生物，
-聚合氢醌衍生物，
-空间位阻酚和/或其衍生物，和/或
-链长为4-12个碳原子的硫代氨基甲酸衍生物和/或二硫代磷酸衍生物的盐，其中所述酸被链长为4-24个碳原子的胺中和。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任意一项的润滑剂，其中所述润滑剂的形式是滑脂和/或糊剂。
12.根据权利要求1-11中任意一项的润滑剂至少在至少两个相互之间能够彼此移动的元件之间的用途。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用途，其中所述两个元件属于滚珠轴承、锥形、针形、圆柱形和/或球形滚动轴承和/或万向接头轴承。
14.根据权利要求13所述的用途，其中所述轴承包括用于在轴承内容纳润滑剂的密封装置。
15.根据权利要求12-14中任意一项的用途，其中所述两个元件中的一个是轴承滚动元件，另一个元件是轴承环。
16.根据权利要求1-11中任意一项的润滑剂在润滑系统中的用途。
CN2005800416266A 2004-12-03 2005-11-23 润滑剂和润滑剂的用途 Active CN101072854B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04028639A EP1666574A1 (en) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Lubricant and use of the lubricant
EP04028639.5 2004-12-03
PCT/EP2005/012511 WO2006058636A2 (en) 2004-12-03 2005-11-23 Lubricant and use of the lubricant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101072854A true CN101072854A (zh) 2007-11-14
CN101072854B CN101072854B (zh) 2011-10-05

Family

ID=34927630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2005800416266A Active CN101072854B (zh) 2004-12-03 2005-11-23 润滑剂和润滑剂的用途

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8476204B2 (zh)
EP (2) EP1666574A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101072854B (zh)
WO (1) WO2006058636A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009153317A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Lubricating grease compositions
CN110452759A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-15 天津科技大学 一种铋基润滑脂的制备方法及所制得的产品
US11034911B2 (en) * 2018-07-12 2021-06-15 Ever Gard, LLC Oil additive
CN111217973B (zh) * 2018-11-27 2022-03-08 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种聚氨酯润滑剂及其制备方法和用途
CN111621135B (zh) * 2019-02-27 2022-08-05 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种氨基甲酸酯化合物作为聚氨酯润滑剂的应用

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB779360A (en) * 1953-10-28 1957-07-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Improvements in or relating to stabilizers for organic compositions
US4062785A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-12-13 Borg-Warner Corporation Food-compatible lubricant
US4388198A (en) * 1979-07-05 1983-06-14 Mobil Oil Corporation Anti-rust additives and compositions thereof
US4338198A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-07-06 Westvaco Corporation Two stage fluid bed regeneration of spent carbon
US4579673A (en) * 1981-01-16 1986-04-01 Mobil Oil Corporation Anti-rust compositions
USRE31522E (en) * 1981-07-21 1984-02-14 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Salt of a polyamide and functional fluid containing same
US4575431A (en) * 1984-05-30 1986-03-11 Chevron Research Company Lubricant composition containing a mixture of neutralized phosphates
US4536308A (en) * 1984-10-01 1985-08-20 Texaco Inc. Lithium soap grease additive
US5068045A (en) 1985-08-27 1991-11-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Grease composition containing alkoxylated amide borates
US5401428A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-03-28 Monsanto Company Water soluble metal working fluids
US6020290A (en) * 1997-03-31 2000-02-01 Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp. Grease composition for rolling bearing
JP4524007B2 (ja) 1999-06-29 2010-08-11 協同油脂株式会社 等速ジョイント用グリース組成物
JP4532799B2 (ja) * 2001-09-27 2010-08-25 Ｎｔｎ株式会社 グリース組成物およびグリース封入軸受
JP2003193080A (ja) * 2001-10-16 2003-07-09 Nsk Ltd 転がり軸受用グリース組成物及び転がり軸受
US6919301B2 (en) * 2001-10-16 2005-07-19 Nsk Ltd. Grease composition and rolling apparatus
US7008909B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2006-03-07 Inolex Investment Corporation Alpha branched esters for use in metalworking fluids and metalworking fluids containing such esters
DE10261115B4 (de) * 2002-12-20 2006-10-05 Gkn Driveline International Gmbh System aus Faltenbalg mit Gleichlaufgelenkschmierfett und Gleichlaufgelenkschmierfett

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8476204B2 (en) 2013-07-02
EP1817395A2 (en) 2007-08-15
US20100152076A1 (en) 2010-06-17
WO2006058636A3 (en) 2006-07-20
CN101072854B (zh) 2011-10-05
WO2006058636A2 (en) 2006-06-08
EP1666574A1 (en) 2006-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101072854B (zh) 润滑剂和润滑剂的用途
US4840740A (en) Grease for homokinetic joint
CN106103675B (zh) 润滑脂组合物及封入润滑脂的车轮用轴承
US11390826B2 (en) Grease composition, machine component, and starter overrunning clutch
JPWO2006001309A1 (ja) 一方向クラッチ内蔵型回転伝達装置
JP2008239687A (ja) グリース組成物及び機械部品
KR100676444B1 (ko) 등속 조인트용 그리스 조성물
WO2006049280A1 (ja) 振動対応グリース組成物及びこれを用いた案内装置
JP2006258234A (ja) 潤滑剤密封装置
KR20150063438A (ko) 그리스 조성물
CN101072856B (zh) 润滑剂的应用
US20130029888A1 (en) Lubricating grease composition
JP4829523B2 (ja) 等速ジョイント用グリースおよび等速ジョイント
CN107532721A (zh) 密封装置
CN105008738A (zh) 润滑脂封入轴承
CN104830467A (zh) 一种抗磨的轴承润滑剂
WO2017154377A1 (ja) グリース組成物、機械部材及びスタータオーバーランニングクラッチ
WO2011016580A1 (ja) 等速ジョイント用グリース組成物及び等速ジョイント
JP5344422B2 (ja) 等速ジョイント用グリース組成物及び等速ジョイント
JP5286530B2 (ja) グリース組成物及び機械部材
CN104342270A (zh) 一种轴承用润滑脂组合物
JP2008286223A (ja) スプリングクラッチ
CN104583381A (zh) 等速接头用润滑脂组合物以及封入有其的等速接头
CN109722327A (zh) 一种齿轮润滑脂
CN108865337A (zh) 一种机械设备用润滑油

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant