CN101070704A - Controllable one-well lamina precipitation construction method - Google Patents
Controllable one-well lamina precipitation construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A architectural engineering area technology controllable a well lamination construction, including: (1) falls water well use two section or more strainer designs, in the diving water-bearing stratum and the bearing pressure water-bearing stratum has the strainer separately; (2) in the well, between the diving water-bearing stratum and in bearing pressure water-bearing stratum's section of well tubes installs stops the water installment controllably; when (3) tenth well constructs, outside between well tube's wall and the opening wall, the diving water-bearing stratum and the bearing pressure water-bearing stratum's aquiclude place establishment stops the water section; when (4) precipitation construction, carries on the diving unwater precipitation first, when in has the dangerous depth which structure excavation to the confined water produces wells up suddenly, opens in the well to stop the water installment, the extraction confined water, and may continue to the diving water-bearing stratum to carry on the unwater precipitation; In the pump process, in the well stops the water installment to open repeatedly and to close, realizes to the precipitation level, the precipitation process, the precipitation degree control. This invention uses a well to solve the diving unwater and the confined water voltage dropping or the unwater question.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of job practices of construction engineering technical field, is specially a kind of job practices of controllable one-well lamina precipitation.
Background technology
Underground construction such as foundation ditch in the soft foundation of phreatic high dig, and maximum problem is because phreatic existence can cause the base water burst, gush problem such as sand in the construction.Therefore, adopting the well point artificial dewatering is using always and effective method in the excavation of foundation pit construction.The method of excavation of foundation pit generally adopts dry type excavation, promptly will need to excavate water in the soil body of part earlier and drain and (keep groundwater table below the excavation face 0.5～1.0m), and then the method for cutting the earth.In addition, when the cutting depth of foundation ditch is bigger, during near artesian aquifer, be subjected to excessive artesian pressure and destroy palpus reduction artesian aquifer head in order to prevent the foundation ditch bottom.In China, there is in a lot of regional superficial part soil layers (in the excavation of foundation pit degree of depth coverage) existing diving that artesian water is arranged again, during engineering construction, need examine the precipitation problem of filter diving and artesian aquifer simultaneously.
Existing foundation pit dewatering method has light well point method, electric osmose well point method, eductor well point method, pipe well well point method etc.Wherein the pipe well well point method is the precipitation method that is most widely used present stage.According to the precipitation purpose, pipe well is divided into diving drainage well and artesian water pressure reduction well.Need at the same time in the foundation pit dewatering project of drainage diving and reduction artesian water head, general two kinds of wells are arranged respectively, arrange one group of diving drainage well that is:, arrange one group of artesian water pressure reduction well in addition again.These two groups of wells are worked respectively: diving drainage well begins precipitation before excavation of foundation pit, finish the back to excavation of foundation pit and finish; The artesian water pressure reduction well brings into operation, finishes after the base plate of foundation pit structural strength reaches requirement to certain depth (excavation of foundation pit to artesian water has and produces the prominent dangerous depth that gushes, and calculates by country or local related specifications, rules correlation formula) time from excavation of foundation pit.This kind arranges that respectively there is big defective in the method for drainage well and artesian well: two kinds of wells need become well, operation respectively respectively, and engineering cost is big; Foundation ditch well spacing quantity is many, influences the excavation and construction progress, thereby influences the whole engineering construction duration.
The arrangement engineering quantity is big respectively, cost is high in order to solve diving drainage well and artesian water relief well, influence the problem of engineering construction progress, once there was the technician to do the trial that drainage well and pressure reduction well are united two into one, but what adopted only is with a bite well phreatic aquifer to be communicated with artesian aquifer, extracts the method for diving and artesian water when drawing water simultaneously.Before address, in foundation pit dewatering construction, the drainage precipitation of diving and the step-down work of artesian water are generally carried out in the following order: before foundation ditch does not begin excavation as yet, the drainage precipitation of diving under water earlier; To the degree of depth that needs step-down, begin to extract artesian water again at excavation of foundation pit, have a time difference between the two progressively to reduce the head of artesian water.And this method also begins to extract artesian water in the drainage precipitation of diving under water, and the artesian water time of pumping is longer than preceding a kind of job practices when arranging respectively (be drainage well and pressure reduction well), and pump-out is big.In a lot of base pit engineerings, artesian aquifer is not cut off fully by water seal curtain, there is hydraulic connection in the inside and outside artesian aquifer in hole, extract artesian water in the foundation ditch and will cause cheating outer pressure water head decline, thereby cause problems such as the outer ground distortion in hole, surface settlement, time of pumping is long more, and is big more to surrounding environment influence.Therefore, the major defect of this method is: at artesian aquifer not by water seal curtain fully under the partition condition, use this method and carry out dewatering construction, the ground settlement that causes outside foundation ditch can be bigger than preceding a kind of job practices, and this is its major reason that can not apply.
Through existing technical literature retrieval is found, application number is 200610086139.8, the name of patent application is called " large area soft ground treatment separated layer and time electroosmotic precipitation union vacuum precipitation method ", this technology adopts layering to divide all over the electroosmosis dewatering union vacuum precipitation method, is applied to the consolidation process of large tracts of land subgrade.This method is arranged electric osmose well point pipe electroosmosis dewatering in deep layer, shallow-layer arranges that the vacuum well point pipe vacuumizes precipitation, deep layer electric osmose well point pipe is arranged at interval with shallow-layer vacuum well point pipe, divide and carry out dewatering construction twice: last all over adopting deep layer electric osmose well point pipe precipitation, back one omnipresence electroosmosis dewatering construction area adopts shallow-layer vacuum well point pipe precipitation.This precipitation method well quantity is many, it is less to handle the degree of depth, and the construction costs height is confined to the precipitation consolidation process of soft foundation, is not suitable for foundation pit dewatering.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, the job practices of the controllable one-well lamina precipitation of the comprehensive above-mentioned two kinds of constructure scheme advantages of a kind of energy is provided, by to the design of the well construction property improved with adopt the operation of corresponding dewatering construction, realize using the drainage of a bite well solution diving and step-down (or drainage) problem of artesian water, can reduce operating expenses significantly, can reduce influence again effectively to surrounding environment, shortened the excavation of foundation pit cycle simultaneously, job practices is simple and reliable, and is economical and practical.This method is particularly useful for the foundation pit dewatering project that the excavation of foundation pit bottom surface is arranged in artesian aquifer.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the precipitation well adopts filter pipe design more than two sections or two sections, and one or more snippets filter pipe is arranged respectively in phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, considers water pipe and considers that the employing well casing is connected between the water pipe, and the lowermost end of precipitation well can be provided with sediment tube as required.
(2) during the precipitation well construction, in well, controlled antipriming is installed in one section well casing between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, with isolated diving of this controlled antipriming and the contact of artesian water in well, and the controllability of realization precipitation;
When (3) becoming well construction, the water barrier place between the borehole wall and hole wall well casing outside, between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer is provided with the sealing section, completely cuts off phreatic aquifer and the hydraulic connection of artesian aquifer outside well with this sealing section;
(4) during dewatering construction, the drainage precipitation of diving under water earlier has when producing the prominent dangerous depth that gushes at excavation of foundation pit to artesian water, opens antipriming in the well, extracts artesian water, and can continue phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation; In the pump process, antipriming opening and closing repeatedly as required in the well realize the control to precipitation level, precipitation process, precipitation degree.
Described filter pipe, its bore is identical with well casing, filter pipe length and the hop count placed in phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, can determine in conjunction with engineering experience according to general hydrogeological computational methods, the filter pipe pattern is not limit, can be bridge-type bag net filter pipe, also can be other pattern that is suitable for, and intensity and porosity engineering demands get final product.
Described well casing, its bore is determined according to the precipitation needs, is generally selected between 200～500mm; Well casing can adopt roll bending pipe or other intensity and corrosion resistance to meet the tubing of dewatering project requirement.
Described sediment tube adopts identical with specification tubing with the well casing material, bottom lock, and length is generally 0.5～2.0m.
Described controlled antipriming, its particular location is set in well casing according to actual conditions.The pattern of controlled antipriming is not limit, and can be the valve (as cone type valve, board-like valve) of various types, can be other antipriming yet, but no matter adopt the sort of antipriming, all should satisfy following basic demand:
A, antipriming be opening and closing arbitrarily in well;
It is water-tight that b, antipriming are closed the back;
The internal diameter size of c, antipriming water flowing part can guarantee to be lowered to smoothly well pump;
The internal diameter size of d, antipriming water flowing part can satisfy the requirement of well-flushing.
Described one-tenth well construction may further comprise the steps:
1. pore-forming:, can select all kinds of slewing drilling machine drilling wells, mud off or clear water retaining wall pore-forming according to strata condition.Holing aperture, whole hole should be greater than well casing diameter 400mm, be beneficial to down pipe and backfill filtrate.
2. manage down: adopt under segmental hoisting, the field Welding method and manage, the well casing in the following hand-hole should be placed in the middle.
3. backfill filtrate, sealing section sealing material:
A, first backfill artesian aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate are to predetermined altitude;
B, backfill sealing section sealing material are to predetermined altitude.As adopt clay, and should be processed into diameter 2.0～3.0cm ball bulk in advance, the air-dry extremely plastic shape of moulding firmly slowly drops into.
C, backfill phreatic aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate are to predetermined altitude.
When backfill filtrate and sealing clay, answer while throwing and survey, prevent super the throwing.
4. sealing of hole: common cohesive soil or cement mortar packing are adopted in the aperture, prevent that ground rainwater etc. from entering in the well.
5. well-flushing: adopt piston method or other method well-flushing that is suitable for, unimpeded to guarantee the water route.
Described backfill artesian aquifer, phreatic aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate are meant: filter pipe position backfill filtrate (sand) outside well casing, backfill highly is not less than chimney filter length.(GB50296-99) relevant requirements is definite by " Technical standard for water supply well " according to the aquifer lithology for the filtrate specification.
Described sealing section is highly looked impermeable layer thickness and is determined that general consistent with impermeable layer thickness, minimum should not be less than 1.5m.Sealing material can adopt clay (standard of clay is seen " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering "＜GB50021-2001 〉), and also adoptable transmission coefficient is less than 9.0 * 10
-7Other material of cm/s.
Described dewatering construction may further comprise the steps:
1. after becoming well construction work to finish, antipriming in the closed-in well is lowered to well pump, and phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation.
2. when excavation of foundation pit to artesian water has the dangerous depth that producing dashes forward gushes (determining by country, place or industry related specifications, rules relevant requirements), open antipriming, the extraction artesian water, and can continue phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation.In the pump process, can constantly adjust the position of well pump in well, also can change well pump, finish until the precipitation task.
In the precipitation process, can be at any time as required, antipriming in the Temporarily Closed well suspends drawing water of artesian water, only continues drainage diving (or stopping precipitation), but well pump should be carried to the above position of sealing device before the antipriming in the closed-in well.In the time will extracting artesian water once more, open antipriming, continue to extract artesian water to reduce water level.This process can be carried out as required repeatedly, until the precipitation end-of-job.
The present invention is by to the design of the well construction property improved with adopt corresponding dewatering construction operation sequence, the function of diving drainage well and artesian water pressure reduction well is united two into one, in same pipe well, realize the controllable sub layer precipitation of diving and artesian water, solve puzzlement engineering construction industry technical barrier for many years, promoted groundwater control technical development in the engineering construction to a certain extent; Compare with existing job practices, this method can reduce the quantity of precipitation well significantly, reduces engineering cost, has improved the excavation and construction progress simultaneously, makes things convenient for structure construction; Facts have proved, adopt this job practices, can reduce by 1/3～1/2 well spacing quantity, save 30～50% dewatering construction expense, excavation construction efficient also has raising to some extent, and economic benefit is very remarkable; In the base pit engineering that foundation pit enclosure structure does not cut off artesian aquifer, adopt the construction of this job practices can reduce the influence of foundation pit dewatering to greatest extent to surrounding environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is precipitation well of the present invention essential structure and fundamental diagram;
Fig. 2 is precipitation well construction figure of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Fig. 1 has schematically represented the home position of controlled antipriming in the stratum in earth formation (the mutual alignment relation of phreatic aquifer, artesian aquifer, water barrier) and filter pipe of the present invention, sealing section, the well.Wherein, filter pipe must be two sections (or more than two sections), and phreatic aquifer and artesian aquifer have one section (or more than two sections) filter pipe respectively; The sealing section must be arranged in the water barrier that the artesian aquifer end face is above, the phreatic aquifer bottom surface is following; Antipriming must be installed in one section well casing between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer in the well.The effect of antipriming is isolated phreatic aquifer and the hydraulic connection of artesian aquifer inside and outside well in sealing section and the well, realizes the controllability of precipitation.
Fig. 2 is a precipitation well basic structure design of the present invention, has represented the position and the correlation of sealing valve, sealing of hole section in filter pipe, well casing, sediment tube, filtrate section, sealing section, the well.Be respectively from bottom to top:
(1) sediment tube: the bottommost that is positioned at the precipitation well;
(2) (hypomere) filter pipe: be arranged in artesian aquifer, the outer backfill filtrate of filter pipe;
(3) sealing section: in the water barrier between phreatic aquifer and artesian aquifer;
(4) controlled antipriming in the well: between phreatic aquifer and artesian aquifer in one section well casing;
(5) (epimere) filter pipe: be arranged in phreatic aquifer, the outer backfill filtrate of filter pipe;
(6) sealing of hole section: between the well head place borehole wall and hole wall.
Certain base pit engineering cutting depth 21.06m adopts diaphragm wall to go along with sb. to guard him diaphragm wall degree of depth 36.50mm.The engineering place is distributed with diving and artesian water.Phreatic aquifer mainly is made of silty soil, depth to water 1.15～1.25m; Artesian aquifer buried depth of top surface 19.59～23.03m, thickness 10.5～41.80m, lithology is based on the grey sandy silt, depth to water 4.5m left and right sides m; Be distributed with thick 9.0～12.0m argillic horizon between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, be water barrier.Need the underground water in the drainage phreatic aquifer during this project construction, and reduce the artesian aquifer water level to 0.5～1.5m below the excavation of foundation pit bottom surface.As calculated, needing the excavation of foundation pit degree of depth of step-down is 10.30m.Dewatering construction has been arranged many mouthfuls of controllable one-well lamina precipitation pipe wells altogether, below the construction of a bite precipitation well wherein is further described:
1, well construction design:
According to construction area strata condition, hydrogeological conditions and construction needs, adopt following design scheme:
(1) well casing: adopt the roll bending steel pipe, well casing diameter 250mm, wall thickness 3mm, single-unit length 4.0～5.3m, length overall 13.3m.
(2) adopt three sections filter pipe designs, use bag bridge formula filter pipe, with well casing footpath together, single-unit length 4.0～5.0m.Wherein place two sections filter pipes in the phreatic aquifer, the position of installation is: first section buried depth 5.0～9.0m, second section buried depth 14.0～18.0m.One section filter pipe is set in the artesian aquifer, is installed in 22.3～27.3m degree of depth.Connect with well casing between the filter pipe.
(3) aperture, whole hole: for guaranteeing down carrying out smoothly of pipe and filler, 750mm is adopted in aperture, whole hole.
(4) controllable type antipriming: be installed between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer in the well casing, the degree of depth is the 19.0m place, adopts board-like valve.
(5) sealing section: 18.0～20.0m degree of depth place of water barrier is provided with the sealing section between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, and sealing material adopts construction to use swell soil, and transmission coefficient is less than 1.0 * 10 under its saturation state
-7Cm/s, sealing section height 2.0m.
(6) sediment tube: adopt the roll bending pipe of identical material with well casing and bore, degree length 1.0m, bottom sealing;
(7) sealing of hole: adopt common cohesive soil.
2, become well construction:
(1) pore-forming: select for use XY-4-3 type rig to creep into, natural pulping retaining wall pore-forming.Following Guan Qianqing hole, and mud balance is adjusted to about 1.05, pipe down begun then.
(2) manage down: adopt under segmental hoisting, the field Welding method and manage.
(3) backfill filtrate, sealing section sealing material:
A, first backfill artesian aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate, to predetermined 20.5m place, filtrate adopts natural medium coarse sand.
After b, bottom filtrate backfill finished, backfill sealing section swell soil was to the 18.5m place.Swell soil is processed into diameter 2.0～3.0cm ball piece in advance, air-dry to plastic～mould shape firmly slowly to drop into.
Behind c, the sealing section clay backfilling, backfill top (phreatic aquifer) drainage pipeline section filtrate is to the 4.0m place.
When backfill filtrate and sealing clay, survey, with accurate grasp backfill height while throwing.
(4) sealing of hole: the top filter material layer is above to the aperture, adopts common cohesive soil packing.See sealing of hole section among Fig. 2.
(5) well-flushing: adopt piston method well-flushing, be washed till that water is clear, sand is clean, the water route is unimpeded.Blow out the heavy mud in bottom with air compressor machine behind the well-flushing.
3, precipitation operation:
(1) become well construction to finish after, antipriming in the closed-in well is lowered to the QDX3-35-2.2 submersible pump, phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation in preceding 15 days in going into operation, groundwater level is reduced to below the 12.0m during excavation of foundation pit.
(2) during to 10.0m, begin to extract bottom artesian aquifer underground water at excavation of foundation pit.Propose the former submersible pump that is lowered to earlier, change to the 15kw deep well pump, open antipriming, turn on pump extracts artesian water and carries out step-down and precipitation.In the precipitation process, observe water yield and groundwater table every day.
This project was finished diving drainage precipitation on the 16th day behind excavation.After this artesian water step-down, precipitation work according to the water-level observation result, by termination of pumping and turn on pump control groundwater table, are consistent with the excavation progress.Be excavated to the foundation ditch bottom surface on the 72nd day, base arrangement construction in the 89th day is finished and is reached requirement of strength, begins shut-in well, and the precipitation task is finished.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of controllable one-well lamina precipitation construction method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the precipitation well adopts filter pipe design more than two sections or two sections, and one or more snippets filter pipe is arranged respectively in phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, considers water pipe and considers that the employing well casing is connected between the water pipe;
(2) during the precipitation well construction, in well, controlled antipriming is installed in one section well casing between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer, with isolated diving of this control antipriming and the contact of artesian water in well, the controllability of realization precipitation;
When (3) becoming well construction, the water barrier place between the borehole wall and hole wall well casing outside, between phreatic aquifer and the artesian aquifer is provided with the sealing section, completely cuts off phreatic aquifer and the hydraulic connection of artesian aquifer outside well with this sealing section;
(4) during dewatering construction, the drainage precipitation of diving under water earlier has when producing the prominent dangerous depth that gushes at excavation of foundation pit to artesian water, opens antipriming in the well, extracts artesian water, and can continue phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation; In the pump process,, realize control to precipitation level, precipitation process, precipitation degree by antipriming opening and closing repeatedly.
2, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described well casing, and its bore is selected between 200～500mm.
3, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described filter pipe, and its bore is identical with well casing.
4, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 1 is characterized in that described controlled antipriming satisfies following condition:
A, antipriming be opening and closing arbitrarily in well;
It is water-tight that b, antipriming are closed the back;
The internal diameter size of c, antipriming water flowing part can guarantee to be lowered to smoothly well pump;
The internal diameter size of d, antipriming water flowing part can satisfy the requirement of well-flushing.
5, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 1 is characterized in that described one-tenth well construction may further comprise the steps:
1. pore-forming: the aperture, whole hole of holing is greater than the well casing diameter;
2. manage down: adopt under segmental hoisting, the field Welding method and manage, the well casing in the following hand-hole should be placed in the middle;
3. backfill filtrate, sealing section sealing material;
4. sealing of hole: common cohesive soil or cement mortar packing are adopted in the aperture, prevent that ground rainwater from entering in the well;
5. well-flushing.
6, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described 3. backfill filtrate, sealing section sealing material may further comprise the steps:
A, first backfill artesian aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate are to predetermined altitude;
B, backfill sealing section sealing material are to predetermined altitude;
C, backfill phreatic aquifer drainage pipeline section filtrate are to predetermined altitude;
When backfill filtrate and sealing clay, survey, prevent super the throwing while throwing.
7, according to claim 5 or the controlled layering dewatering construction method of 6 described controllable type one wells, it is characterized in that, described sealing section, its height is consistent with impermeable layer thickness, and minimum is 1.5m; Described sealing material adopts clay, or adopts transmission coefficient less than 9.0 * 10
-7The material that the clay of cm/s is outer.
8, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 7 is characterized in that, when described sealing material was clay, being processed into diameter in advance was 2.0～3.0cm ball bulk, and the air-dry extremely plastic shape of moulding firmly slowly drops into.
9, the controlled in the lump layering dewatering construction method of controllable type according to claim 1 is characterized in that described dewatering construction may further comprise the steps:
1. after becoming well construction work to finish, antipriming in the closed-in well is lowered to well pump, and phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation;
2. when excavation of foundation pit to artesian water has generation to dash forward the dangerous depth that gushes, open antipriming, extract artesian water, and can continue phreatic aquifer is carried out drainage precipitation; In the pump process, adjust the position of well pump in well, or change well pump, finish until the precipitation task;
In the precipitation process, antipriming in the Temporarily Closed well suspends drawing water of artesian water at any time, only continues drainage diving or stops precipitation, but well pump should be carried to the above position of sealing device before the antipriming in the closed-in well; In the time will extracting artesian water once more, open antipriming, continue to extract artesian water to reduce water level; This process is carried out repeatedly, until the precipitation end-of-job.
10, the controlled layering dewatering construction method of controllable type one well according to claim 1, it is characterized in that at the lowermost end of described precipitation well sediment tube is set, described sediment tube adopts identical with specification tubing with the well casing material, bottom lock, length are 0.5～2.0m.
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