CN101015308A - Picking, processing and storage means of camel milk - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the method for collecting, processing and storing camel milk, relating to livestock products field. It is studied that the camel milk possesses various microelements and abundant nutrition, which is nearly to that of human milk, cow milk and goat milk. However, there is not a standard method for its collection, process and storage until now. The method provided in this invention comprises collecting, weighing, filtering, cooling, homogenization treating, sterilizing, packing and storing. The invention is characterized by rational and compact process, high quality of camel milk and easy for spread.

Description

The collection of bactrian camel milk, processing, storage method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the livestock products field.

Background technology

As everyone knows, people's milk, milk, goat milk is owing to nutritiously favored, and become the many people important source of nutrition of every day.Yet food and agricultural organization represents recently, and the nutritional labeling of camel milk never is second to people's milk, milk, goat milk.Camel milk is comparatively strange for many people, but it has been regarded as an irreplaceable nutriment in many countries.In Russia, Kazakhstan and India, the doctor recommends weakly patient with it as a kind of prescription; In Africa, people often advise that aids patient drinks camel milk, to strengthen the resistance of health; In bay Arab countries, it is believed that it also has the effect of nourishing and strengthening vital.Kenya one tame camel dairy produce company cooperates with the Institute for Medical Research, inquires into camel milk and is preventing and treating role on diabetes and the coronary heart disease.The dairy produce expert of food and agricultural organization Anthony Benny spy introduces, and the herdsman is when passing through desert and uncultivated grassland, and camel milk is their unique liquid provisions normally.The difficult growing environment of camel has been given it and has been fed and contain the abundant nutrition of making us expressing one's admiration in the follow-on milk.It is rich in beyond the vitamin C, and camel milk also contains unrighted acid, iron and the Cobastab of a large amount of needed by human body.Though taste is more salty partially than milk, it has become many people's favorite.Yet " difficulty of suckling is well asked " can only be equivalent to one of five percentages of milk for the camel milk that the people enjoys in the world.This main cause wherein is: provide the herdsman's of camel milk life to have great flowability, this flowability is not easy to the collection of camel milk; And the structure of camel breast is different from cow's milk room, sheep breast, newborn pond in belonging to, and nipple is little, needs the special-purpose newborn equipment of adopting.In addition, camel milk fresh-keeping also exists certain obstacle, as if this is because existing high-temperature sterilization processing method not too is fit to camel milk, because contain many bioactive ingredients in the bactrian camel milk, and unrighted acid, instability when high temperature is so filtration temperature and sterilization temperature should be more on the low side than the temperature that cow's milk adopts.Yet the special expression of the dairy produce expert Benny of food and agricultural organization causes the still camel easy cooperation unlike milk cow when getting milk of the not high main cause of output.So also do not have till now, collection, processing, the storage method of the bactrian camel milk of a cover standard.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention: in view of crossing dispersions that go to grass, be not easy to the collection of camel milk, more do not have processing, the storage procedures of scale, the invention provides collection, processing, a storage method that overlaps the bactrian camel milk of complete, scale, science.

The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is:

The collection of bactrian camel milk, processing, storage method, it is as follows to it is characterized by concrete steps:

(1) gathers

Gather with interior newborn pond collector.

(2) examination is weighed

Main acceptance criteria: free from extraneous odour, color and luster is normal, and proportion remains on 1.028-1.134 (15 ℃), acidity＜200 ° T.

(3) filtration, purification

Remove the dust sandy soil by filter, butterfat percnetage＞4% o'clock, 15 ℃ of filtration temperatures; Butterfat percnetage＜4% o'clock, filtration temperature 2-15 ℃;

Remove body cell by milk clarifier, when the breast temperature is 4-20 ℃, milk clarifier continuously-running 4-12 hour; When the breast temperature is 20-50 ℃, milk clarifier continuously-running 2-6 hour.

(4) cooling

Cooling as early as possible behind the filtration, purification, suppressing bacterial reproduction, chilling temperature＜4 ℃.

(5) homogeneous

Before high temperature sterilization, when temperature rises to 25-40 ℃, carry out homogeneous.

(6) sterilization

Before packing, must carry out the moment high temperature sterilization.

(7) packing

Pack immediately after the cooling, packing material must carry out cleaning and sterilizing.

(8) store

Send into freezer after the packing immediately and store, storehouse temperature is 2-10 ℃, treats the sanitary inspection sale of can dispatching from the factory after qualified.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

(1) current conditions of suitable pasture and processing base is convenient to carry out, and has directive significance.

(2) each step is provided with rationally, and upper and lower linking is tight, can fully guarantee the high-quality of dairy products.

(3) taken into full account the particularity of bactrian camel milk, temperature that each technology adopts is than low 10-20 ℃ of cow's milk, index rationally, science, be convenient to promote.

(4) the instrument facility is convenient to management, many, the low price of instrument facility quantity of gathering, check and accept, weighing is placed in the basic unit pasture; The quantity of processing, storage facilities price height, complicated operation, outfit is few, is placed in the processing base and needs professional's operation, is convenient to unified management and maintenance.

(5) produce first and meet the commercialization bactrian camel milk of drinking, for the further exploitation and the deep processing of bactrian camel milk provides precondition.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is collection, processing, the storage method flow chart of bactrian camel milk of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

By following embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described further.

1, gathers

Gather with interior newborn pond collector.

2, examination is weighed

The examination of raw material camel milk

Raw material camel milk is checked and accepted and is comprised: evaluation color and luster, inspection stink, titratable acidity, mensuration proportion, butterfat percnetage, dry, bacterial population and other indexs.Its every standard-required is:

(1) raw milk must derive from healthy camel.

(2) free from extraneous odour stink, excellent flavor.

(3) abnormal milks such as no colostrum and last breast mixes.

(4) color and luster is normal.

(5) be not mixed with water or interpolation nertralizer, anticorrisive agent and other impurity.

(6) proportion remains on 1.028-1.134 (15 ℃)

(7) acidity is at 200 ° below the T.

(8) butterfat percnetage is more than 3.4%.

(9) the per 1 milliliter of cow's milk of bacterial population is no more than 1,000,000, is less than 200,000 for good.

Weigh

Generally being weighed in the lump together with newborn bucket in small-sized milk plant, deducts breast bucket weight then, or weigh with suckled groove and automatic record.The tankage of being suckled is generally the 300-600 liter.

3, filtration, purification

Use filter should enlarge filtering surface as far as possible.If camel butter fat rate is more than 4%, for accelerating its flow velocity, camel milk temperature should remain on 15 ℃, is no more than 50 ℃; Butterfat percnetage is below 4%, and camel milk filters under 2-15 ℃ of temperature, then will reduce its flow velocity.Pressure during filtration should remain in 0.9 kilogram, and gland is excessive, will make the impurity that adheres on the filter cloth owing to pressure passes through, so that does not have filtration.

Use filter, its filter screen (or filter cloth) must keep clean, and notes sterilization.Otherwise filter screen (or filter cloth) will become the pollution sources of bacterium and impurity.Filtration must be carried out before sterilization.

Milk clarifier: the milk clarifier structure is similar with seperator.But inner separation video disc and cow's milk outlet are different.Special-purpose milk clarifier is provided with skimmed milk and rare cream outlet, and the diameter that separates video disc is less, and the spacing of each separation video disc is bigger simultaneously.Impurity, dust and sand etc. in the camel milk, through the centrifugal action that milk clarifier rotates at a high speed, the cow's milk of outflow can reach purification.

Impurity such as milk clarifier can not only dust-separating, sand, and some body cells in the camel milk can be removed, so production high-quality camel milk must purify through clearing machine.

The milk clarifier continuous operation time.In the ordinary course of things, can turn round continuously 4-12 hour if purify low temperature camel milk (4-20 ℃), cleaning high-temp camel milk (20-50 ℃) then only can turn round 2-6 hour continuously.But new-type clearing machine automatic pollution discharge.With formality such as reduce disassembly, cleaning and re-assembly.

4, cooling

Raw material camel milk must cool off, to suppress the breeding of its bacterium as early as possible through after checking, weigh, filter or purifying.The cooler that uses adopts surface-cooler and heat exchanger usually.

5, homogeneous

Between high temperature, short time, in the complete set of equipments of sterilization or ultra high temperature sterilization production sterilization camel milk, homogenizer is housed all generally.Camel milk, promptly flows to homogenizer and carries out homogeneous when temperature rises to 28-40 ℃ through heat exchange, flows into sterilizer then and carries out sterilization.

6, pasteurize

For human health and public health, and the preservation that is of value to commodity camel milk, camel milk must just allow to sell, be drunk for the consumer through after sterilization or the sterilization.Sterilising temp hangs down 10-15 ℃ than the sterilising temp of cow's milk.

7, packing

Through the camel milk of sterilization (or sterilization) and cooling, must pack immediately, and send the freezer preservation.Under the increasing situation of various sterilization camel milk, packing is an a crucial factor.Sell sterilization camel milk, necessary convenient transportation is opened easily, is easy to carry, and plays certain decoration function simultaneously, but the more important thing is the quality that guarantees that the sterilization camel is suckled.

As far back as 19 beginnings of the century, promptly adopt glass bottle packaging.But glass is a kind of heavier and returnable packaging material, to depositing and cleaning results in hand cramps the milk plant.So glass bottle camel milk day by day reduces both at home and abroad now, and replaces plastic bag packaging and compound package material packing.

Large-scale modernized milk plant package sterilization camel is suckled, and adopts the sterilization camel milk automatic packaging machine of various models more.As be used for the semi-automatic and complete of glass bottle packaging from, moving bottling machine, can also conveyer belt link to each other with bottle washing machine and become wash bottle, bottle and work continuously, thereby raise labour productivity greatly.

Adopt bottled or plastic coating lining paper packing, packing material is through UHTS, or ultraviolet sterilization, after filling quantitative cow's milk in the bag, two pairs of heating plates sealing upper and lower opening that pressurizes simultaneously up and down, cutting off for one bag one bag then, can be rhombus or rectangle, can deposit one month in sale shop or user.

8, store

Should send into immediately after the sterilization camel milk packing and store (storehouse temperature requires between 2-10 ℃) in the freezer, adopting air-cooledly should have certain interval for well during stacking, treats that sanitary inspection can dispatch from the factory after qualified.

Claims (1)

1. the collection of bactrian camel milk, processing, storage method, it is as follows to it is characterized by concrete steps:

(1) gathers

Gather with interior newborn pond collector.

(2) examination is weighed

Main acceptance criteria: free from extraneous odour, color and luster is normal, and proportion remains on 1.028-1.134 (15 ℃), acidity＜200 ° T.

(3) filtration, purification

Remove the dust sandy soil by filter, butterfat percnetage＞4% o'clock, 15 ℃ of filtration temperatures; Butterfat percnetage＜4% o'clock, filtration temperature 2-15 ℃;

Remove body cell by milk clarifier, when the breast temperature is 4-20 ℃, milk clarifier continuously-running 4-12 hour; When the breast temperature is 20-50 ℃, milk clarifier continuously-running 2-6 hour.

(4) cooling

Cooling as early as possible behind the filtration, purification, suppressing bacterial reproduction, chilling temperature＜4 ℃.

(5) homogeneous

Before high temperature sterilization, when temperature rises to 25-40 ℃, carry out homogeneous.

(6) sterilization

Before packing, must carry out the moment high temperature sterilization.

(7) packing

Pack immediately after the cooling, packing material must carry out cleaning and sterilizing.

(8) store

Send into freezer after the packing immediately and store, storehouse temperature is 2-10 ℃, treats the sanitary inspection sale of can dispatching from the factory after qualified.

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